Opportunities and problems with introduced tree species in the Danish forests in a historical perspective
|
|
|
- Ralf Fitzgerald
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Opportunities and problems with introduced tree species in the Danish forests in a historical perspective Peter Friis Møller Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland pfm@geus.dk
2 What is an exotic / introduced / foreign versus a native species?
3
4
5
6 Typically a nationalistic approach
7 the randomness of borders
8 the randomness of borders
9 Sorbus intermedia Cotoneaster niger Sorbus rupicola Cotoneaster integerrimus Sorbus hybrida
10 The long time perspective
11 Brown coal from freshwater deposits Miocene (ca mio. years) Taxodium Glyptostrobus Sequoia Pinus Liriodendron Liquidambar Alnus Platanus Sequoia Troldhede Brunkulsleje 1919
12 Conifers in Denmark during the last million years Tree species/genus Holocene Interglacial? Brørup Interstadial Eemian Interglacial Holstenian Interglacial Cromer Interglacial Since BP ca Juniper, Juniperus x x x x x (Scots)Pine, Pinus x x x x x Spruce, Picea - x x x x Serbian spruce, P. omorikoides - x Yew, Taxus x - x x x Larch, Larix - x Fir, Abies x - Cauc. Wingnut, Pterocarya x -
13
14 Conifers in Denmark during the last million years Tree species/genus Holocene Interglacial? Brørup Interstadial Eemian Interglacial Holstenian Interglacial Cromer Interglacial Since BP ca Juniper, Juniperus x x x x x (Scots)Pine, Pinus x x x x x Spruce, Picea - x x x x Serbian spruce, P. omorikoides - x Yew, Taxus x - x x x Larch, Larix - x Fir, Abies x - Cauc. Wingnut, Pterocarya x -
15 Native norway spruce (Picea abies) in Denmark (Emmerlev Klev, SW Jutland) Eemian Interglacial BP Exhibited at Danish Museum of Hunting and Forestry (Dansk Jagt- og Skovbrugsmuseum)
16 Populus Quercus Alnus Picea Forest Fagus Fraxinus Betula Pinus Corylus Ulmus Tilia Holocene forest development on fertile soils in East Denmark source: B. Odgaard GEUS / AaU
17
18 Beech forests
19 Juniper Juniperus communis Scots pine Pinus sylvestris Yew Taxus baccata Only three native conifers in Denmark in the Holocene:
20 Populus Quercus Picea Alnus Forest Fagus Fraxinus Corylus Betula Pinus Ulmus Tilia Holocene forest development on fertile soils in East Denmark source: B. Odgaard GEUS / AaU
21
22 Quercus Alnus Fagus Picea Forest Fraxinus Corylus Betula Pinus Ulmus Tilia Holocene forest development on fertile soils in East Denmark source: B. Odgaard GEUS / AaU
23 Quercus Alnus Fagus Picea EXTINCT Forest BY MAN <1800 AD Corylus Fraxinus Betula Pinus Ulmus Tilia Holocene forest development on fertile soils in East Denmark source: B. Odgaard GEUS / AaU
24 N Land use in Denmark Around AD 1800 AD 1800 Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland (8 %) Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
25 Quercus Alnus Fagus Picea EXTINCT Forest BY MAN <1800 AD Corylus Fraxinus Betula Pinus Ulmus Tilia Holocene forest development on fertile soils in East Denmark source: B. Odgaard GEUS / AaU
26 Quercus Alnus Fagus Picea EXTINCT Forest BY MAN <1800 AD Corylus Fraxinus Betula Pinus Ulmus Tilia Holocene forest development on fertile soils in East Denmark source: B. Odgaard GEUS / AaU
27 Quercus Alnus Fagus Picea EXTINCT Forest BY MAN <1800 AD Corylus INTRODUCED BY MAN 1730 Fraxinus Betula Pinus Ulmus Tilia Holocene forest development on fertile soils in East Denmark source: B. Odgaard GEUS / AaU
28 Number of species Antal arter Total Trees Træer Buske I alt 40 Bushes År før nu Years BP Number of woody species in the Danish woodlands during the Holocene
29 Number of species Antal arter Human introductions Total 60 Trees Træer Buske I alt 40 Bushes År før nu Years BP Number of woody species in the Danish woodlands during the Holocene
30 Introductions of tree species to Denmark
31 Pinus strobus Picea glauca Picea sitchensis Abies procera Abies grandis Pinus contorta Pseudotsuga menziesii Tsuga heterophylla Thuja plicata Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Quercus rubra Prunus serotina Liriodendron tulipifera Prunus serotina Robinia pseudoacasia Alnus incana Larix kaempferi Cryptomeria japonica Acer pseudoplatanus Castanea sativa Picea abies Abies alba Larix decidua (Pinus silvestris) Pinus nigra Pinus mugo Populus canescens Picea omorika Abies nordmanniana Introductions of tree species to Denmark
32 Time from introduction to use in the landscape/ the woods Species Latin name Origin Introduced to Denmark Parks, Forestry botanical gardens, arboretums etc. European silver fir Abies alba Europe 1660 (?)/ Mountain pine Pinus mugo Europe Austrian pine Pinus nigra Europe Douglas fir Pseudotsuga menziesii NW America Lawson cypress Chamaecyparis lawsoniana NWAmerica Sitka spuce Picea sitchensis NW America 1854/ Caucasian fir Abies nordmanniana Caucasus Western hemlock Tsuga heterophylla NW America Western red cedar Thuja plicata NW America Noble fir Abies procera NW America 1855 ca Grand fir Abies grandis NW America 1855 ca Lodgepole pine Pinus contorta NW America < Japanese larch Larix kaempferi Japan 1889 <1920 Serbian spruce Picea omorika SE Europe 1891 <1940 Japanese cedar Cryptomeria japonica Japan 1849 <1950
33 Reasons for use of exotics Land N use AD in Denmark 1800 Around AD Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp 1800 Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland (8 %) Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
34 Reasons for use of exotics Need for timber Land N use AD in Denmark 1800 Around AD Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp 1800 Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland (8 %) Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
35 Egekrat Oak wood / shrub in Western Jutland
36 European silver fir Abies alba Nørreskov 1765 H = 46 m D = 1½ m European larch Larix decidua Tinghus 1776
37 Norway spruce Picea abies 50 years old
38 Reasons for use of exotics Need for timber Need for firewood/energy Land N use AD in Denmark 1800 Around AD Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp 1800 Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland (8 %) Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
39 Beech for firewood. Bognæs, Sealand 1931 Lejre Lokalhistoriske Arkiv
40 Sycamore (Great maple) Acer pseudoplatanus Dækning af variationen 1765 Farum Nørreskov
41 Reasons for use of exotics Need for timber Need for firewood/energy Need of pioneer species for afforestation on dunes and heathland Land N use AD in Denmark 1800 Around AD Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp 1800 Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland (8 %) Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
42 Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Challenges / problems Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and c Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural l Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
43 Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Challenges / problems Sanddrift Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and c Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural l Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
44 Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Challenges / problems Sanddrift Lack of shelter Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and c Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural l Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
45 Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Challenges / problems Sanddrift Lack of shelter Soil conditions Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and c Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural l Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
46 Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Challenges / problems Sanddrift Lack of shelter Soil conditions Low nutrient content Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and c Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural l Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
47 Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Challenges / problems Sanddrift Lack of shelter Soil conditions Low nutrient content Competition from heather Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and c Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural l Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
48 Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Challenges / problems Sanddrift Lack of shelter Soil conditions Low nutrient content Competition from heather Lack of experience Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and c Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural l Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
49 Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Challenges / problems Sanddrift Lack of shelter Soil conditions Low nutrient content Competition from heather Lack of experience Economy Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and c Town Salt marshes Woodland Lake Agricultural l Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
50 Introduced 1798, used from 1820 Mountain pine, Pinus mugo
51 Introduced 1829 Used since 1837 Austrian pine Pinus nigra
52 Reasons for use of exotics Need for timber Need for firewood/energy Need of pioneer species for afforestation on dunes and heathland Utiliarism Land N use AD in Denmark 1800 Around AD Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp 1800 Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland (8 %) Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
53 Reasons for use of exotics Need for timber Need for firewood/energy Need of pioneer species for afforestation on dunes and heathland Utiliarism Curiosity Land N use AD in Denmark 1800 Around AD Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp 1800 Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland (8 %) Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
54 Douglas fir Pseudotsuga menziesii
55 Noble fir, Abies procera
56 Production of christmas trees and greenery Since +/ Abies nordmanniana Abies procera
57 Examples Land N use AD in Denmark 1800 Around AD Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp 1800 Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland (8 %) Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
58 Examples Land N use AD in Denmark 1800 Around AD Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp 1800 Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland (8 %) Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
59 1768 Nåleskovens historie i Danmark Peter Friis Møller GEUS (33,3 %) Skov- og Naturrådgivning (66,7%) Videnskabernes Selskab
60 1768 Nåleskovens historie i Danmark (Drift Peter Friis Møller sand) GEUS (33,3 %) Skov- og Naturrådgivning (66,7%) Videnskabernes Selskab
61 Coastnear dune plantation Tisvilde Hegn
62 Coastnear dune plantation Tisvilde Hegn
63 1768 Nåleskovens historie i Danmark (Drift Peter Friis Møller sand) GEUS (33,3 %) Skov- og Naturrådgivning (66,7%) Videnskabernes Selskab
64 Plantation in Tisvilde From: Fritzbøger 1994 p. 77
65 Dunes Beech wood Abandoned field Anti sand ditch +/-1730 First (1750 ies), second and third generation Tisvilde Hegn september 2012
66 Deciduous Conifers Dune plantation , Tisvilde Hegn 1900 ha
67 Examples Land N use AD in Denmark 1800 Around AD Areal_vsk_dk_region.shp 1800 Wetlands Heathlands Sand dunes Shrubs and copses Town Salt marshes Woodland (8 %) Lake Agricultural land Kilometers Based on maps made by Videnskabernes Selskab
68 A Jutland shephard on the moors Frederik Vermehren 1855
69 Videnskabernes Selskab 1803
70 Afforestation of heathland 1888 Palsgård, Nørre Snede, Central Jutland Dansk Jagt- og Skovbrugsmuseum
71 Heathland plantation Store Hjøllund Central Jutland
72 Forest area Broadleaved Conifers Danish forest area Skove og Plantager 2006 Year
73 Afforestation on arable land (former heathland) 2012
74 Afforestation Goal from 1989: Doubling the forest area within one tree generation: To ca. 25 % in 2050/2100.
75 Forests in Denmark ,4 % Arealudnyttelsen i Da Arealudnyttelsen i Danmark Arable land Cities, roads etc. Lakes etc. Meadows etc. Heathland, bog, dune Forest, woodlands Agerland Byer, veje o.l. Søer og vandløb Eng og marsk Hede, klit, mose, kær Skov og plantage
76 Tree species distribution in the Danish forests Caucasian fir Noble fir Sitka spruce Other conifers Norway spruce Beech Oak Ash Maple Other broadleaved Caucasian fir Noble fir Silver fir Sitka spruce Other conifers Pine Norway spruce Beech Oak Other broadleaved Ash Maple Trad. Forest statistics 2000 National Forest Inventory 2006
77 Nåleskovens historie i Danmark Beech Is considered as the national tree of Denmark
78 Norway spruce Beech
79
80 Conifer related species
81 Douglas fir Pseudotsuga menziesii 1895 Height 52 meter Volume 20 m 3 Silkeborg Østerskov Central Jutland
82 Douglas fir Pseudotsuga menziesii Age 800 years Height 76 meter Diameter 2,9 m Cathedral Grove, Vancouver Island, BC
83 Douglas fir Pseudotsuga menziesii Age 800 years Height 76 meter Diameter 2,9 m Cathedral Grove, Vancouver Island, BC, Canada
84 Problems?
85 Problems! Afforestation of heathland 1888 Palsgård, Nørre Snede, Central Jutland Dansk Jagt- og Skovbrugsmuseum
86 Problems! Nature conditions Afforestation of heathland 1888 Palsgård, Nørre Snede, Central Jutland Dansk Jagt- og Skovbrugsmuseum
87 Problems! Nature conditions Insects Fungi Afforestation of heathland 1888 Palsgård, Nørre Snede, Central Jutland Dansk Jagt- og Skovbrugsmuseum
88 Weymouth Pine Pinus strobus
89 Weymouth Pine Pinus strobus White Pine Blister Rust Cronartium ribicola
90 Weymouth Pine Pinus strobus White Pine Blister Rust Cronartium ribicola Ribes species Pinus cembra
91 +/ Weymouth Pine Pinus strobus White Pine Blister Rust Cronartium ribicola Ribes species Pinus cembra
92 Deformation due to Pine Shoot Moth (Rhyacionia buoliana) Troldeskoven, Tisvilde Hegn
93 Problems?
94 Problems!
95 Problems! Due to silvicultural practise: Large stands of evenaged monocultures
96 Clearcut by man or storm
97 Conifer related species
98 Number of redlisted species Arable land Cities etc. Meadows Heathlands Coasts Dunes Rocks and blocks Bogs, wetlands Open dryland Forests Lakes and waters Number of species Wilhjelmudvalget 2001
99 Elimination of natural woodlands
100 From old, natural beechwood to sitka spruce. East Jutland. Spring 2012.
101 Invasive species Prunus serotina Pinus contorta Pinus mugo Picea sitchensis (Acer pseudoplatanus) Nåleskovens historie i Danmark Prunus serotina Pinus mugo Picea sitchensis
102 Sitka spruce
103 Great spruce bark beetle Dendroctonus micans Sitka spruce
104 Great spruce bark beetle Dendroctonus micans + Green spruce aphid Liosomaphis (Elatobium) abietina Sitka spruce
105 Norway spruce decline
106 Norway spruce decline Salt intolerance
107 Norway spruce decline Salt intolerance Mild winters
108 Norway spruce decline Salt intolerance Mild winters Airpollution
109 Norway spruce decline Salt intolerance Mild winters Airpollution Insects
110 Norway spruce decline Salt intolerance Mild winters Airpollution Insects Fungi
111 Norway spruce, Picea abies Sykes, Prentice & Cramer 1996 p. 207 Natural distribution efter Atlas Florae Europaeae
112 Migration routes of Norway spruce (Picea abies) Tollefsrud et al. 2008
113 Norway spruce, Picea abies Fra Sykes, Prentice & Cramer 1996 p. 207 Natural distribution Atlas Florae Europaeae Simulated distribution
114 Norway spruce (Picea abies) Model simulation of present distribution in southern Scandinavia Bradshaw, Holmqvist, Cowling & Sykes 2000 p
115 Norway spruce (Picea abies) Model simulation of future distribution in southern Scandinavia by 2 x the present CO 2 -content in the atmosphere Bradshaw, Holmqvist, Cowling & Sykes 2000 p
116
117
118 Problems / challenges to face
119 Problems / challenges to face Sustainable production
120 Problems / challenges to face Sustainable production Energy from biomass
121 Problems / challenges to face Sustainable production Energy from biomass Carbon fixation and storing
122 Problems / challenges to face Sustainable production Energy from biomass Carbon fixation and storing Nature protection; biodiversity
123 Problems / challenges to face Sustainable production Energy from biomass Carbon fixation and storing Nature protection; biodiversity New diseases e.g. Phytophthora
124 Problems / challenges to face Sustainable production Energy from biomass Carbon fixation and storing Nature protection; biodiversity New diseases e.g. Phytophthora Climate change
125 Wild service treed
126 Sweet chestnut
127 Conclusions Exotic tree species in Denmark Peter riis Møller GEUS (33,3 %) Skov- og Naturrådgivning (66,7%)
128 Conclusions Exotic tree species in Denmark Successful afforestation Peter riis Møller GEUS (33,3 %) Skov- og Naturrådgivning (66,7%)
129 Conclusions Exotic tree species in Denmark Successful afforestation High volume production Peter riis Møller GEUS (33,3 %) Skov- og Naturrådgivning (66,7%)
130 Conclusions Exotic tree species in Denmark Successful afforestation High volume production Peter riis Møller Production of high importance GEUS (33,3 %) Skov- og Naturrådgivning (66,7%)
131 Conclusions Exotic tree species in Denmark Successful afforestation High volume production Peter riis Møller Production of high importance Problematic management systems GEUS (33,3 %) Skov- og Naturrådgivning (66,7%)
132 Conclusions Exotic tree species in Denmark Successful afforestation High volume production Peter riis Møller Production of high importance Problematic management systems GEUS (33,3 %) Conflicts with nature protection Skov- og Naturrådgivning (66,7%)
133 Conclusions Exotic tree species in Denmark Successful afforestation High volume production Peter riis Møller Production of high importance Problematic management systems GEUS (33,3 %) Conflicts with nature protection Skov- og Naturrådgivning (66,7%) A part of the solutions for the future
134 Nåleskovens historie i Danmark Peter Friis Møller GEUS (33,3 %) Skov- og Naturrådgivning (66,7%) Thanks for your attention!
Power Planting. The Right Tree in the Right Place
Power Planting The Right Tree in the Right Place 2 Power Planting Trees and Power Lines We are committed to providing safe, reliable, low-cost electricity for the benefit of all our customers. However,
Power Planting. The Right Tree in the Right Place
Power Planting The Right Tree in the Right Place Trees and Power Lines We are committed to providing safe, reliable, low-cost electricity for the benefit of all our customers. However, trees that grow
NATURAL DURABILITY OF DIFFERENT WOOD SPECIES RESULTS AFTER FIVE YEARS TESTING IN GROUND CONTACT
NATURAL DURABILITY OF DIFFERENT WOOD SPECIES RESULTS AFTER FIVE YEARS TESTING IN GROUND CONTACT Flæte, P.O. 1, Evans, F.G. 2 & Alfredsen, G. 3 ABSTRACT Information given in EN 350-2 on natural durability
City of Parkersburg, WV Big Tree Database Revised to 4-18 - 2015 Submissions 2003-2015
City of Parkersburg, WV Big Tree Database Revised to 4-18 - 2015 Submissions 2003-2015 Scientific Name Common Name CBH HT CS BTP Location of Tree Flowering Trees & Ginkgo Acer negundo Boxelder, Ashleaf
Jino KWON Korea Forest Research Institute Korea Forest Service
* Jino KWON Korea Forest Research Institute Korea Forest Service 1 * Overview Formulating Restoration Plan Restoration Practices Follow-up Management Restoration Cases 2 17 th JULY, JEJU, Capacity-building
Identifying Pennsylvania Trees. Pennsylvania Forest Stewardship Program
Identifying Pennsylvania Trees Pennsylvania Forest Stewardship Program Tree Identification In this presentation you will learn to identify trees using the Summer Key to Pennsylvania Trees. Trees can be
United States Standards for Grades of Christmas Trees
United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Marketing Service Fruit and Vegetable Programs United States Standards for Grades of Christmas Trees Fresh Products Branch Effective October 30, 1989
The UK Timber Resource and Future Supply Chain. Ben Ditchburn Forest Research
The UK Timber Resource and Future Supply Chain Ben Ditchburn Forest Research Timber availability The landscape of timber availability in Great Britain and the United Kingdom is moving through a period
Certificate No. 169333-2014-AE-FIN-FINAS. This is to certify that STORA ENSO OYJ DIVISION WOOD PRODUCTS. Kanavaranta 1, 00160 Helsinki; Finland
\ DNV BUSINESS ASSURANCE CHAIN OF CUSTODY CERTIFICATE Certificate No. 169333-2014-AE-FIN-FINAS This is to certify that Kanavaranta 1, 00160 Helsinki; Finland meets the requirements of following international
Climate Change and Biodiversity: Implications for Monitoring, Science and Adaptive Planning RECOMMENDATIONS
6 RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1. Risk Analysis for Climate Change and Biodiversity at the Community Level for Planning/Policy Development The Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) process is recommended
The International Labour Exhibition People at work: one-hundred years of technical and social development: achievements and prospects, was held in
Acknowledgements Archivio Storico di Stato della Città di Torino Coop Agriforest sc, Città di Torino Antonio Citro, Maintenance, International Training Centre of the ILO Cristina Gastaldi, Learning Resources
Frink Park Site #2 Landscape Rehabilitation Plan Autumn 2001
Frink Park Site #2 Landscape Rehabilitation Plan Autumn 2001 Prepared by: David Bergendorf, Jennifer French, Stephen Van Hoven, Jessica Christensen, Joel Uttech, Janet Salsbury, Angelique Damitz, Audrey
VIRGINIA TECH CAMPUS TREE CARE PLAN 2008
VIRGINIA TECH CAMPUS TREE CARE PLAN 2008 1. PURPOSE The purpose of the Virginia Tech campus tree care plan is to identify the policies, procedures, and practices that are used in establishing, protecting,
Urban & Community Forest Master Plan
Urban & Community Forest Master Plan TOWNWN OF ATWATER, NY Prepared by: Atwater Bureau of Forestry Mr. Paul Linclon, Chair in Cooperation with NY Dept. of Environmental Conservation November, 1998 Introduction
Norwegian Forests. Policy and Resources
Norwegian Forests Policy and Resources 21 Forestry in Norway Norway has long traditions in forestry and forest management, and for using wood in construction and as a source of energy. Sawn wood and round
JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference 1. http://forest.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
JRC on 9 November 2009 Biosoil Conference 1 The European Forest Data Centre (EFDAC) Jesús San-Miguel-Ayanz http://forest.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ Outline FOREST Action 2 1. Role of the European Commission Joint
Tree factsheet images at pages 3, 4, 5
Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group Tree factsheet images at pages 3, 4, 5 Prunus serotina Ehrh. taxonomy author, year Ehrhart 1783 synonym - Family Rosaceae Eng. Name Black Cherry, Wild Cherry
SECTION 1 Applications submitted by the London Borough of Bromley. Application No : 14/05042/VAR Ward: Penge And Cator
SECTION 1 Applications submitted by the London Borough of Bromley Application No : 14/05042/VAR Ward: Penge And Cator Address : Land Rear Of 190 To 200 Kings Hall Road Beckenham OS Grid Ref: E: 536697
ARTICLE 25 REGULATION OF THE PLANNING, MAINTENANCE, AND REMOVAL OF TREES, SHRUBS, AND OTHER PLANTS
ARTICLE 25 REGULATION OF THE PLANNING, MAINTENANCE, AND REMOVAL OF TREES, SHRUBS, AND OTHER PLANTS SECTION 1: DEFINITIONS PARK TREES: Park Trees are herein defined as trees, shrubs, bushes, and all other
Arbor Day Tree Trivia
Arbor Day Tree Trivia What day is Arbor Day? The last Friday of April. (April 30, 2010) Who is the father of Arbor Day? J. Sterling Morton When was the first Arbor Day? 1872 Name Idaho's state tree. Western
FRAMEWORK FOR THE STRATEGIC URBAN FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN CITY OF GUELPH: 2008-2028 FINAL REPORT NOVEMBER 2007
FRAMEWORK FOR THE STRATEGIC URBAN FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN CITY OF GUELPH: 2008-2028 FINAL REPORT NOVEMBER 2007 Prepared for Operation Department City of Guelph Prepared by Urban Forest Innovations Inc.
INDEX PREFACE PHOTOS OF THE SCHOOLS PLANTS TREES
INDEX PREFACE PHOTOS OF THE SCHOOLS PLANTS TREES 1 PREFACE This bulletin, The Natural Surroundings At Our Schools is one of the final products of the project activities realized in the Comenius school
Christmas Trees Pseudotsuga menziesil (Douglas-fir), Abies grandis (Grand fir), Abies procera
Christmas Trees Pseudotsuga menziesil (Douglas-fir), Abies grandis (Grand fir), Abies procera (Noble fir) (Pinaceae) Fast Facts: Acres in Washington: 25,000 acres Number of growers: 300 Value of Production
Chamaecyparis nootkatensis Wetland Biophysical Setting Yellow Cedar Wetland Biophysical Setting
Chamaecyparis nootkatensis Wetland Biophysical Setting Yellow Cedar Wetland Biophysical Setting Conservation Status Rank: G2G4 S2S4 (imperiled to apparently secure) Introduction Poorly drained sites intermediate
WORKING PAPER. Institute for Economics
WORKING PAPER Institute for Economics Quantification and Monetary Valuation of Carbon Storage in the Forests of Germany in the Framework of National Accounting by Matthias Dieter and Peter Elsasser Bundesforschungsanstalt
Flood Damage Tree and Shrub Assessment Minot Park District, North Dakota
Flood Damage Tree and Shrub Assessment Minot Park District, North Dakota Executive Summary NDSU-North Dakota Forest Service Compiled by: Joel Nichols and Sharon Bartels, Community Forestry Specialists
The work we did in EVEHD
A Rescue Plan for a Unique Romanian Mountain Village Introduction The Romanian commune of Rîmeț is located in the south- east of the Trascău Mountains, in the Alba county and it comprises of 13 villages,
teacher s Guide Into the Forest
teacher s Guide Into the Forest Contents Acknowledgments... 2 What is OFRI?... 2 About Into the Forest... 3 How to use this guide... 3 Why teach about Oregon forests?... 3 Relevant education standards...
TREE PROTECTION POLICY AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION NEAR TREES
` Parks, Forestry & Recreation Urban Forestry Table of Contents TREE PROTECTION POLICY AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION NEAR TREES 1. Introduction 2. Table 1 - Tree Protection Zones 3. Tree Protection
TREE HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT
TREE HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT CLIENT: SITE: Mr Carl Denis Aylsham Manor care Home Norwich Road Norwich Norfolk NR11 6BN The grounds and gardens of Aylsham Manor Care Home Nick Coleman MSc (Arb) MArborA
Coastal Forests Restoration & Reforestation through Collaboration Among NGOs. Agriculture requires Forests! Mt. Fuji,the eternal symbol of Japanese
Coastal Forests Restoration & Reforestation through Collaboration Among NGOs What is OISCA? KEY message: Promoting sustainable FURUSATO (home community) development through capacity building, organic farming,
Vegetation dynamics in temperate lowland primeval forests
0 Vegetation dynamics in temperate lowland primeval forests Ecological studies in Bialowieza forest by J.B. FALINSKI (with the assistance of Krystyna Faliriska) 1986 DR W. JUNK PUBLISHERS a member of the
Red Alder Kitchen Cabinets How Does Application of Commercial Stains Influence Customer Choice?
United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station Research Note PNW-RN-556 Red Alder Kitchen Cabinets How Does Application of Commercial Stains Influence Customer
Stand Dynamics of Coast Redwood/Tanoak Forests Following Tanoak Decline 1
Stand Dynamics of Coast Redwood/Tanoak Forests Following Tanoak Decline 1 Kristen M. Waring 2 and Kevin L. O Hara 3 Abstract Current threats to North American forests increasingly include exotic tree pathogens
THE CHRISTMAS TREE INDUSTRY IN THE U.S.A. A STATUS REPORT M. L. McCormack, Jr. and Wolfgang Mieder
THE CHRISTMAS TREE INDUSTRY IN THE U.S.A. A STATUS REPORT M. L. McCormack, Jr. and Wolfgang Mieder There is a wide variation in the volume of Christmas trees produced by individual growers across north
Forest Fire Research in Finland
International Forest Fire News (IFFN) No. 30 (January June 2004, 22-28) Forest Fire Research in Finland Effective wildfire suppression and diminished use of prescribed burning in forestry has clearly eliminated
Fastigiate trees: fools gold or a winning strategy? Article in essentialarb Issue 13
Fastigiate trees: fools gold or a winning strategy? Article in essentialarb Issue 13 BTC/17/2004 Under the ever-increasing pressure for economic growth and better living conditions in the UK, the new battleground
Young People in European Forests
Young People in European Forests Third edition European contest about forests and forestry III 1 Contents: Introduction - Why do forests still exist? - Europe... 5 Where do forests grow? Forest area as
Table 1. Typical characteristics of angiosperms and gymnosperms. Angiosperms. Gymnosperms (flowers, with seeds in fruits)
Trees and Water By: S. Lee 1, Intern, Virginia Water Resources Research Center, A.L. Raflo, Research Associate, Virginia Water Resources Research Center, and J.L. Gagnon, Project Associate, Dept. of Forest
CITY OF NANAIMO BYLAW NO. 7126 A BYLAW FOR THE MANAGEMENT AND PROTECTION OF TREES WITHIN THE CITY OF NANAIMO
CITY OF NANAIMO BYLAW NO. 7126 A BYLAW FOR THE MANAGEMENT AND PROTECTION OF TREES WITHIN THE CITY OF NANAIMO WHEREAS a Council may, in accordance with the Community Charter, regulate, prohibit and impose
User's Guide to the Stand Prognosis Model
United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station Ogden, UT 84401 General Technical Report INT-122 April 1982 User's Guide to the Stand Prognosis
Celebrating the Trees of Grosse Pointe Woods
Celebrating the Trees of Grosse Pointe Woods Mayor Robert E. Novitke City Council Dona DeSantis-Reynolds Allen G. Dickinson Vicki A. Granger Lisa Pinkos Howle Darryl A. Spicher Peter N. Waldmeir City Administrator
1 Allen, J.A. 1877. History of the American Bison, Bison Americanus. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Geological Survey.
Over 1,700 trees representing more than 90 species comprise the Bucknell University Arboretum, an arboreal legacy representing over 150 years of wise stewardship and management. Trees representing 73 species
Preliminary Management Implications for Black Bears, Ursus Americanus, in the Catskill Region of New York State as the Result of an Ecological Study
Paper 22 Preliminary Management Implications for Black Bears, Ursus Americanus, in the Catskill Region of New York State as the Result of an Ecological Study EUGENE R. MCCAFFREY, GARY B. WILL and ANDREA
APPENDIX A PEST AND DISEASE PHOTO CHART
APPENDIX A PEST AND DISEASE PHOTO CHART This photographic appendix is designed to ease identification of disease and insect pest problems. Two photographs are provided for each pest, which are grouped
Ecological Survey of the Vegetation of the Yurok Research Natural Area, California. Dean Wm. Taylor, Ph.D. December, 1982.
Ecological Survey of the Vegetation of the Yurok Research Natural Area, California Dean Wm. Taylor, Ph.D. December, 1982 Report to: U.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Forest & Range Experiment Station
Sustainable forest management in Sweden
Sustainable forest management in Sweden Management and use of forests and forest land in Sweden is performed in such a way that aim to preserve biodiversity, productivity, regrowing capacity and vitality.
Forest Dendrology. Doc. Ing. Luboš Úradní ek, CSc.
MENDELOVA UNIVERZITA V BRN MENDEL UNIVERZITY IN BRNO LESNICKÁ A D EVA SKÁ FAKULTA FACULTY OF FORESTRY AND WOOD TECHNOLOGY Forest Dendrology Doc. Ing. Luboš Úradní ek, CSc. 2014 V tomto u ebním textu jsou
GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES ASSESSMENT 2015 COUNTRY REPORT. Turkey
GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES ASSESSMENT 2015 COUNTRY REPORT Turkey Rome, 2014 FAO, at the request of its member countries, regularly monitors the world s forests and their management and uses through the Global
Country report for Finland, March 2016
Country report for Finland, March 2016 NordGen Forest Kari Leinonen and Katri Himanen 1. Supply of seed and seedlings At the end of 2015, the Finnish national register had 143 forest tree seed orchards
Tree and forest restoration following wildfire
Peter F. Kolb (PhD) MSU Extension Forestry Specialist Adj. Assistant Professor Forest Ecology School of Forestry, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59808 Tel. (406) 243-4705, e-mail: efpfk@forestry.umt.edu
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: Arguments for our Future Environment
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: Arguments for our Future Environment How have we advanced our understanding of the links between biodiversity, ecosystem functions and ecosystem services? The issue
Oak Trees BASIC GROWING REQUIREMENTS FOR YOUR
They are beautiful in their peace, They are wise in their silence. They will stand after we are dust. They teach us, and we tend them. G.A. MacDunelmor BASIC GROWING REQUIREMENTS FOR YOUR Oak Trees The
Agricultural Extension Service The University of Tennessee PB1692. Wood Identification for Hardwood and Softwood Species Native to Tennessee
Agricultural Extension Service The University of Tennessee PB1692 Wood Identification for Hardwood and Softwood Species Native to Tennessee 1 Contents Introduction 3 Wood Surfaces 3 Macro Cross-section
TREE ORDINANCE THE CITY OF ACWORTH, GEORGIA
TREE ORDINANCE Of THE CITY OF ACWORTH, GEORGIA The City of Acworth Department of Community Development Planning and Zoning Division 4415 Senator Russell Avenue Acworth, Georgia 30101 TREE PROTECTION AND
Dichotomous Keys for the Arboretum Walk. Plant List
1 Dichotomous Keys for the Arboretum Walk Plant List Common name 1. Pin oak 2. Sweet gum 3. Red maple 4. Bur oak 5. River birch 6. Black cherry 7. Tulip poplar 8. Kentucky coffeetree 9. Catalpa 10. Honeylocust
Forestry Department. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES ASSESSMENT 2010 COUNTRY REPORT TURKEY
Forestry Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES ASSESSMENT 2010 COUNTRY REPORT TURKEY FRA2010/214 Rome, 2010 The Forest Resources Assessment Programme
THE OFFERING MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
LOGAN TIMBERLANDS LOGAN TIMBERLANDS THE OFFERING AFM Land Sales (AFMLS) invites interested parties to submit offers to purchase an investment grade, Appalachian hardwood property totaling 88,333± acres
Street Tree Inventory Report Concordia Neighborhood
Street Tree Inventory Report Concordia Neighborhood January 2011 Street Tree Inventory Report: Concordia Neighborhood January 2011 Compiled by: Angie DiSalvo, Portland Parks & Recreation Urban Forestry
Natural Disturbance-Based Silviculture for Restoration and Maintenance of Biological Diversity
Natural Disturbance-Based Silviculture for Restoration and Maintenance of Biological Diversity R.J. Mitchell, J.F. Franklin, B.J. Palik, L.K. Kirkman, L.L. Smith, R.T. Engstrom, and M.L. Hunter, Jr. Executive
A GUIDE TO PLANTING AND MANAGING TREES NEAR POWERLINES
A GUIDE TO PLANTING AND MANAGING TREES NEAR POWERLINES FOR SAFETY S SAKE Vegetation management near powerlines The right trees in the right place provide shade, privacy, wildlife habitat and help prevent
U.S. COLLEGE & UNIVERSITY ARBORETUMS
U.S. COLLEGE & UNIVERSITY ARBORETUMS Arnold Arboretum at Harvard University Boston, Massachusetts The Arnold Arboretum is the oldest public arboretum in North America and one of the world s leading centers
POCKWOCK - BOWATER WATERSHED STUDY
Contents Location of Study & Treatments..... 1 Site Characteristics.............. 2 Forest Composition.............. 3 Roads.... 3 Harvesting Information........... 4 Literature Cited.................
CITY OF SNOHOMISH Snohomish, Washington ORDINANCE 1917. Dedicated to David Zander
CITY OF SNOHOMISH Snohomish, Washington ORDINANCE 1917 Dedicated to David Zander AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF SNOHOMISH, WASHINGTON AMENDING SNOHOMISH MUNICIPAL CODE SECTIONS 14.31.020(C), 14.31.120, 14.41.030(C),
3.1. Succession, Recovery, and Renewal in Natural Communities. A35 Starting Point. What Happens to a Vacant Lot?
3.1 Succession, Recovery, and Renewal in Natural Communities Here is a summary of what you will learn in this section: Ecosystems change in predictable ways known as succession. Ecosystems can establish
10-6-11: WOODLAND AND TREE PRESERVATION:
10-6-11: WOODLAND AND TREE PRESERVATION: (A) Intent: It is the intent of the city of Farmington to protect, preserve and enhance the natural environment of Farmington, to encourage a resourceful and prudent
Examining pine spectral separability using hyperspectral data from an airborne sensor: An extension of field-based results
International Journal of Remote Sensing Vol. 28, No. 2, 20 January 2007, 431 436 Examining pine spectral separability using hyperspectral data from an airborne sensor: An extension of field-based results
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT SECRETARIAT-GENERAL FOR THE ENVIRONMENT DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT SECRETARIAT-GENERAL FOR THE ENVIRONMENT DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION INDEX INDEX... 3 INTRODUCTION... 11 PART ONE: BREAKDOWN OF THE CURRENT SITUATION... 17 1. FOREST
COMPARTMENT REVIEW RECORD OF CHANGES AND DECISIONS. Michigan Department of Natural Resources. Atlanta Management Unit. 2015 Year-of-Entry
COMPARTMENT REVIEW RECORD OF CHANGES AND DECISIONS Michigan Department of Natural Resources Atlanta Management Unit 2015 Year-of-Entry Atlanta Field Office October 31, 2013 The following documents the
European Forest Data Centre Biosoil/Biodiversity Forest Type Map 2006 P. Kempeneers, JRC T. Durant F. Sedano, JRC L. Seebach, JRC J. San-Miguel-Ayanz, JRC EC -, IES Land Management and Natural Hazard Unit
FORECASTING AND MONITORING MOISTURE CONTENT OF WOODY BIOMASS IN IRELAND AND OREGON TO IMPROVE SUPPLY CHAIN ECONOMICS Glen Murphy 1, Francisca Belart 2, Tom Kent 3 and Pieter D. Kofman 4 ABSTRACT Wood is
Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems
Chapter Test A CHAPTER 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Part A: Multiple Choice In the space at the left, write the letter of the term or phrase that best answers each question Part B: Matching 1
Effects of afforestation on biodiversity
Effects of afforestation on biodiversity Asrun Elmarsdottir, Arne Fjellberg, Gudmundur Halldorsson, Maria Ingimarsdottir, Olafur K. Nielsen, Per Nygaard, Edda Sigurdis Oddsdottir and Bjarni D. Sigurdsson
REPORT TO REGIONAL WATER SUPPLY COMMISSION MEETING OF WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 4, 2013 LEECH WATER SUPPLY AREA RESTORATION UPDATE
Making a difference... together Agenda Item #9 REPORT #RWSC 2013-17 REPORT TO REGIONAL WATER SUPPLY COMMISSION MEETING OF WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 4, 2013 SUBJECT LEECH WATER SUPPLY AREA RESTORATION UPDATE
Report from Life Coastal Woodlands. Forest management methods in the coastal woodlands
Report from Life Coastal Woodlands Forest management methods in the coastal woodlands Ida Wigrup, Swedish Forest Agency 2007 Content 1 Introduction 3 2 Regeneration cutting with nature conservation consideration
SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF IPS TYPOGRAPHUS INFESTATIONS IN SOUTH-EASTERN ALPS
SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF IPS TYPOGRAPHUS INFESTATIONS IN SOUTH-EASTERN ALPS Iris Bernardinelli 1, Fabio Stergulc 1, Gabriella Frigimelica 1, Pietro Zandigiacomo 1 and Massimo Faccoli 2 1) Department of Biology
Forest Management Plan Templates
Forest Management Plan Templates The following templates as described in the Forestry Schemes Manual 2011 can be used in support of all scheme applications as described in the scheme documents 2014-2020
18 voting members 44 stakeholders 114 email list. Senators: Wyden & Merkley Representative DeFazio
18 voting members 44 stakeholders 114 email list Senators: Wyden & Merkley Representative DeFazio State Representative Krieger State Senators: Roblan, Johnson, and Kruse Governor Brown s office County
Western Forest Products Sustainable Forest Management System CAN/CSA Z809-2008
Western Forest Products Sustainable Forest Management System CAN/CSA Z809-2008 Overview of Western Forest Products Forest Operations WFP holds the harvesting rights to 2 million hectares of Crown land
Planting and Tree Care for Roxborough Park. Keith Worley, Forester ISA Certified Arborist
Planting and Tree Care for Roxborough Park Keith Worley, Forester ISA Certified Arborist Where We Live: High elevation at the edge of Mountains and Plains. Harsh climates with: High winds. Drought periods
Although greatly MOUNTAINS AND SEA BRITISH COLUMBIA S AWIDE RANGE OF. Environment. Old Forests. Plants. Animals
BRITISH COLUMBIA is Canada s westernmost province. From island-dotted Pacific coast to spectacular Rocky Mountain peak, and from hot dry grassland to moist and majestic coastal forest, British Columbia
Specific Gravity and Other Properties of Wood and Bark for 156 Tree Species Found in North America
United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Northern Research Station Research Note NRS-38 Gravity and Other Properties of and for 156 Tree Species Found in North America Patrick D. Miles W.
Protecting Your Forest Asset
Multiage forests offer many options for improving forest health and reducing risk. Protecting Your Forest Asset MANAGING RISKS IN CHANGING TIMES REGIONAL PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATION SREF-FM-0018 Private
By Wendy Klooster and Bert Cregg Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University
By Wendy Klooster and Bert Cregg Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University In this edition of Conifer Corner, we are continuing our tour of the conifer form classes recognized by the American
Life Cycle Of A Plant Population
Life Cycle Of A Plant Population Seed Rain n=3 Growth And Mortality n=7 Seedling Cohort n=22 Environmental Sieve Seed Bank n=5 Copyright G. Bonan 22 Suvivorship Of Seedlings In A Northern Hardwood Forest
VIRGINIA. SUMMARY OF PLANT PROTECTION LAWS AND REGULATIONS Updated March, 2014
VIRGINIA VA - 1 of 5 SUMMARY OF PLANT PROTECTION LAWS AND REGULATIONS Updated March, 2014 Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Division of Consumer Protection Office of Plant Industry
Inventory Enhancements
Inventory Enhancements Chapter 6 - Vegetation Inventory Standards and Data Model Documents Resource Information Management Branch, Table of Contents 1. DETECTION OF CONIFEROUS UNDERSTOREY UNDER DECIDUOUS
UNCG CAMPUS TREE CARE PLAN. Protect and/or replace trees during construction project
UNCG CAMPUS TREE CARE PLAN 2014 l. Purpose Page 1 The purpose of the UNCG campus tree care plan is to set standards, policies, procedures, and tree practices that are used in planting, protecting, maintaining,
SWOT ANALYSIS: State of forests in north western part of POLAND
SWOT ANALYSIS: State of forests in north western part of POLAND Author: Piotr Bieniek Szczecin 2014 The State Forest (Lasy Państwowe), full name: The State Forests National Forest Holding (Państwowe Gospodarstwo
Poodle: A plant that is pruned and trained into balls or other formal shapes.
Poodle: A plant that is pruned and trained into balls or other formal shapes. Root-ball diameter: The average diameter of the widest portion of the root ball and that perpendicular to it. This shall be
THE ROLE OF FOOD, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES IN HUMAN NUTRITION Vol. II - Tree Domestication and the History of Plantations - J.W.
TREE DOMESTICATION AND THE HISTORY OF PLANTATIONS J.W. Turnbull CSIRO Forestry and Forest Products, Canberra, Australia Keywords: Industrial plantations, protection forests, urban forestry, clonal forestry,
Region of Georgia : Mountains
Region of Georgia : Mountains Northern most region of GA Cold weather in the winter Brasstown Bald is the highest point in Georgia Lots of creeks and streams High above sea level Poor soil for farming
Plant Price List. 2015-16 Season +44 (0) 1289 386755. www.cheviot-trees.co.uk
Plant Price List 2015-16 Season +44 (0) 1289 386755 www.cheviot-trees.co.uk THE SPECIALIST PRODUCER OF QUALITY CELL GROWN PLANTS Our state of the art nursery produces many millions of trees per year -
2. Wood as Energy Resource
2. Wood as Energy Resource 2.1 Amount of Consumption and Resources Wood is an important energy source all over the world. In Denmark energy wood is available in the form of forest chips, fuelwood, wood
Design for: Het Groeilokaal. By Henk Eshuis. Online PDC 2015 given by Geoff Lawton
Design for: Het Groeilokaal By Henk Eshuis Online PDC 2015 given by Geoff Lawton Project description Through facebook I got in contact with Astrid Huijbregts (http://www.hetgroeilokaal.nl/) who is starting
Text and photos: Juha Siekkinen, Life+ Return of Rural Wetlands Cover drawing: Jari Kostet Maps and aerial photos: National Land Survey of Finland
Life+ Return of Rural Wetlands Pikku Nuoluanjärvi Wetlands, Liminka Text and photos: Juha Siekkinen, Life+ Return of Rural Wetlands Cover drawing: Jari Kostet Maps and aerial photos: National Land Survey
Forest Resources of the Gila National Forest
United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station May 2008 Forest Resources of the Gila National Forest John D. Shaw New Mexico Gila National Forest About the author
Biodiversity Concepts
Biodiversity Concepts WHAT IS BIODIVERSITY? Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth. For any kind of animal or plant each individual is not exactly the same as any other; nor are species or ecosystems.
Invasive Insects and Pathogens
Invasive Insects & Pathogens Compliance & Maintaining Kiln Calibration & Certification New England Kiln Drying Association 2014 Fall Meeting Invasive Insects and Pathogens 1 Asian Longhorned Beetle (ALB)
2016 Healthy Yards Plant Guide
2016 Healthy Yards Plant Guide SUN KIT Each Wildflower Kit includes a tray of 17 wildflowers in 10cm pots Black-Eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta Average Height: 30 to 150 cm Quantity: 3 Flowers: Yellow, Orange,