How best will students learn?

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1 Diploma Curriculum Scope and Sequence documentation Page 1 of 10 Subject: Biology Grade 11 Grade level: SL/HL Topic/ Unit Title and length of unit Topic 1: Cell Biology hr (SL) 6 weeks Content Specific Skills to be developed Graphing in Excel Calculating standard deviation Skill: Use of a light microscope to investigate the structure of cells and tissues, with drawing of cells. Calculation of the magnification of drawings and the actual size of structures and ultrastructures shown in drawings or micrographs. (Practical 1) Skill: Drawing of the ultrastructure of prokaryotic cells based on electron micrographs. Drawing of the ultrastructure of eukaryotic cells based on electron micrographs. Interpretation of electron micrographs to identify organelles and What do we want students to learn? Learning Outcomes Cell Theory Ultrastructure of Cells Membrane Structure Membrane Transport The Origin of Cells Cell Division How best will students learn? Sample activities Viewing cells with microscope Biological drawings of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and calculating magnification Graphing with Excel, calculating and graphing standard deviation Practical on osmolarity in potatoes Observing mitosis under microscope Sorting the order of events in mitosis Planning and performing a mitosis skit Cell Biology Jeopardy How will we know what students have learned? Sample assessment tasks Formative and summative Biozone pages and worksheets Quiz Unit test Lab report on osmolarity Link to Learner Profile/ school philosophy communicator inquirer risk-taker balanced reflective Notes for teachers Links ToK/ international Mindedness and other curriculua Links to Mathematics Internationalmindedness: Stem cell research has depended on the work of teams of scientists in many countries who share results thereby speeding up the rate of progress. However, national governments are influenced by local, cultural and religious traditions that impact on the work of scientists and the use of stem cells in therapy. There is a difference between the living and the non-living environment. How are we able to know the difference? Internationalmindedness: Microscopes were invented simultaneously in different parts of the world at a time when information travelled slowly. Modernday communications have allowed for improvements in the ability to collaborate, enriching scientific endeavour. Resources Textbook Biology pg 56-63; 66-77; 80-81; Textbook 2015: pg 1-60 Biozone Workbook pg 7-10, 12-16, 18, 20-30, McGraw Hill animations Lab equipment, including microscopes Videos, especially Stephanie Castle Quizlet games Computers PowerPoint

2 Diploma Curriculum Scope and Sequence documentation Page 2 of 10 deduce the function of specialized cells. Skill: Drawing of the fluid mosaic model. Analysis of evidence from electron microscopy that led to the proposal of the Davson- Danielli model. Analysis of the falsification of the Davson- Danielli model that led to the Singer-Nicolson model. Skill: Estimation of osmolarity in tissues by bathing samples in hypotonic and hypertonic solutions. (Practical 2) Skill: Identification of phases of mitosis in cells viewed with a microscope or in a micrograph. Determination of a mitotic index from a micrograph. The world that we inhabit is limited by the world that we see. Is there any distinction to be drawn between knowledge claims dependent upon observations made by sense perception and knowledge claims dependent upon observations assisted by technology? The explanation of the structure of the plasma membrane has changed over the years as new evidence and ways of analysis have come to light. Under what circumstances is it important to learn about theories that were later discredited? A number of scientific discoveries are claimed to be incidental or serendipitous. To what extent might some of these scientific discoveries be the result of intuition rather than luck? Topic 2: Molecular Biology hr (SL) 8 weeks Skill: Drawing molecular diagrams of glucose, ribose, a saturated fatty acid and a generalized amino acid. Identification of biochemicals such Molecules to Metabolism Water Carbohydrates and Lipids Proteins Enzymes Observing the properties of water in a circus of labs Drawing molecular diagrams Observing the denaturation of enzymes Practical on enzyme specificity of lactase Computer simulations of Daily quiz questions Biozone and worksheets Semester exam Lab report on investigating how some communicator principled inquirer risk-taker well-balanced reflective There are conflicting views as to the harms and benefits of fats in diets. How do we decide between competing views? The story of the elucidation of the Textbook Biology Pg. 37; 42-45; ; ; ; Textbook

3 Diploma Curriculum Scope and Sequence documentation Page 3 of 10 as sugars, lipids or amino acids from molecular diagrams. Skill: Use of molecular visualization software to compare cellulose, starch and glycogen. Determination of body mass index by calculation or use of a nomogram. Skill: Drawing molecular diagrams to show the formation of a peptide bond. Skill: Design of experiments to test the effect of temperature, ph and substrate concentration on the activity of enzymes. Experimental investigation of a factor affecting enzyme activity. (Practical 3) Structure of DNA and RNA DNA Replication, Transcription and Translation Cell Respiration Photosynthesis transcription and translation Experiment on how ph affects enzyme activity Planning an investigation on enzyme activity Making a model DNA molecule Measuring photosynthesis in a pondweed Building a model of a DNA molecule Group presentations on knowledge of certain topics as prompted by projected photos respiration and photosynthesis Visible learning as students complete projected diagrams respiration and photosynthesis Students to use respirometers to observe cell respiration in peas using traditional method Two games of Jeopardy variable affects enzyme activity Lab report on how some variable affects the rate of photosynthesis structure of DNA illustrates that cooperation and collaboration among scientists exists alongside competition between research groups. To what extent is research in secret antiscientific? What is the relationship between shared and personal knowledge in the natural sciences? 2015: pg Biozone Workbook: Pg ; 68-80; 85; Lab equipment, including lactase, ph sensors, respirometers Videos, especially Stephanie Castle Quizlet games Computers PowerPoint Skill: Drawing simple diagrams of the structure of single nucleotides of DNA and RNA, using circles, pentagons and rectangles to represent phosphates, pentoses and bases.

4 Diploma Curriculum Scope and Sequence documentation Page 4 of 10 Skill: Use a table of the genetic code to deduce which codon(s) corresponds to which amino acid. Analysis of Meselson and Stahl s results to obtain support for the theory of semiconservative replication of DNA. Use a table of mrna codons and their corresponding amino acids to deduce the sequence of amino acids coded by a short mrna strand of known base sequence. Deducing the DNA base sequence for the mrna strand. results from experiments involving measurement of respiration rates in germinating seeds or invertebrates using a respirometer. Skill: Drawing an absorption spectrum for chlorophyll and an action spectrum for photosynthesis.

5 Diploma Curriculum Scope and Sequence documentation Page 5 of 10 Design of experiments to investigate the effect of limiting factors on photosynthesis. Separation of photosynthetic pigments by chromatograph. (Practical 4) Topic 7.1: Higher-level DNA Structure and Replication 3 hrs 1 week results of the Hershey and Chase experiment providing evidence that DNA is the genetic material. Utilization of molecular visualization software to analyse the association between protein and DNA within a nucleosome. Nucleosomes help to supercoil the DNA. DNA structure suggested a mechanism for DNA replication. DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the 3 end of a primer. DNA replication is continuous on the leading strand and discontinuous on the lagging strand. DNA replication is carried out by a complex system of enzymes. Some regions of DNA do not code for proteins but have other important functions. Use JMol software to analyse association between protein and DNA Animation of Hershey and Chase experiment Semester Exam Questions Highly repetitive sequences were once classified as junk DNA showing a degree of confidence that it had no role. To what extent do the labels and categories used in the pursuit of knowledge affect the knowledge we obtain? Textbook Biology Pg. 392; Textbook 2015: pg Biozone Workbook: Pg Quizlet games Computers PowerPoint Topic C: Ecology and Conservation C.1 C.4 & HL C.5-C.6 15 hrs Standardlevel 5 weeks 25 hrs Higherlevel a data set that illustrates the distinction between fundamental and realized niche. Use of a transect to correlate the distribution of plant or animal species with Species and communities Communities and ecosystems Impacts of humans on ecosystems Conservation of biodiversity Additional higher level topics Population ecology Nitrogen and phosphorus cycles Interpreting and analysing graphs of niches Use a transect to see how position on a slope affects distribution of plant species Compare pyramids of energy from rainforests and taiga Analyze climographs and answer questions Interpret Gersmehl diagrams Compare soil nutrients and Daily quiz questions Biozone and worksheets DDT Debate Unit Test (combined with Topic 4) communicator principled inquirer risk-taker caring well-balanced reflective Random samples are taken in studies involving large geographical areas or if limited time is available. Is random sampling a useful tool for scientists despite the potential for sampling bias? Internationalmindedness: The issues around the Textbook Biology pg , , , , 557, , , , 541, Higher-level: ; , 571, 551,

6 Diploma Curriculum Scope and Sequence documentation Page 6 of 10 8 weeks total of SL & HL an abiotic variable. Skill: Comparison of pyramids of energy from different ecosystems. Analysis of a climograph showing the relationship between temperature, rainfall and the type of ecosystem. Construction of Gersmehl diagrams to show the interrelationships between nutrient stores and flows between taiga, desert and tropical rainforest. data showing primary succession. Investigation into the effect of an environmental disturbance on an ecosystem. biodiversity of plants in an undisturbed and disturbed area of campus using transects Calculate biodiversity index for samples of organisms modelling and applied on campus and during Group IV Project Debate on DDT usage for the eradication of malaria in Uganda Draw and label the Nitrogen Cycle (Higher-level) Model population growth of rabbits (PHET) (Higher-level) Jeopardy revision game growing global human population are of international concern regardless of different growth rates in different countries. Textbook 2015: pg ; ; Higher-level: Worksheets made by myself or Chris Paine or old Biozone photocopied sheets Quizlet games Lab equipment, including quadrats Computers Videos, especially Crash Course PowerPoint data illustrating the causes and consequences of biomagnification. Evaluation of eradication programmes and biological control as measures to reduce the impact of alien species.

7 Diploma Curriculum Scope and Sequence documentation Page 7 of 10 the biodiversity of two local communities using Simpson s reciprocal index of diversity. Additional Higher-Level Skills: Skill: Modelling the growth curve using a simple organism such as yeast or species of Lemna. Skill: Drawing and labelling a diagram of the nitrogen cycle. Assess the nutrient content of a soil sample. Topic 4: Ecology hr 3 weeks (taught intertwined with Topic C) Skill: Classifying species as autotrophs, consumers, detritivores or saprotrophs from a knowledge of their mode of nutrition. Setting up sealed mesocosms to try to establish sustainability. (Practical 5) Testing for association between two species using the chi-squared test with data obtained by quadrat sampling. Recognizing and interpreting statistical significance. Species, communities and ecosystems Energy flow Carbon cycling Climate change Designing a pond food web with information and picture given Set up sealed pond mesocosms and monitor for three weeks Use quadrats to examine association between grass and clovers Use chi-squared test to test for association between species Use probability tables to interpret statistical significance Construct pyramids of energy to correct mathematical dimensions Make posters of the carbon cycle in groups Complete the carbon cycle through visible learning and a projected image Jeopardy revision game Biozone and worksheets Unit test (Combined with Topic C) communicator principled inquirer risk-taker caring well-balanced reflective TOK: Areas of Knowledge Mathematics Internationalmindedness: The need for sustainability in human activities could be discussed and the methods needed to promote this. The precautionary principle is meant to guide decision-making in conditions where a lack of certainty exists. Is certainty ever possible in the natural sciences? Textbook Biology pg , , , , 557, , , , , Textbook 2015: pg Worksheets made by myself or Chris Paine Biozone Pg

8 Diploma Curriculum Scope and Sequence documentation Page 8 of 10 Skill: Quantitative representations of energy flow using pyramids of energy. Skill: Construct a diagram of the carbon cycle. Lab equipment, including quadrats Quizlet games Computers Videos, especially Crash Course PowerPoint Topic 5: Evolution and Biodiversity hr 4 weeks Skill: Construction of dichotomous keys for use in identifying specimens. Skill: Analysis of cladograms to deduce evolutionary relationships. Evidence for evolution Natural selection Classification of biodiversity Cladistics Foraging finches activity foraging for food outside with beaks Analyzing cladograms Constructing cladograms Following dichotomous keys Making a dichotomous key of leaves collected at school Online game Who Wants to Live a Million Years Online simulation of peppered moth evolution Examining specimens of organisms Making a board game of classification Playing Quizlet on classification during class time Biozone and worksheets Unit test Evolutionary history is an especially challenging area of science because experiments cannot be performed to establish past events or their causes. There are nonetheless scientific methods of establishing beyond reasonable doubt what happened in some cases. How do these methods compare to those used by historians to reconstruct the past? Natural Selection is a theory. How much evidence is required to support a theory and what sort of counter evidence is required to refute it? Internationalmindedness: There are international codes of nomenclature and agreements as to the principles to be followed in the classification of living organisms. Textbook Biology pg , , , , 57, , , , , Textbook 2015: pg Worksheets made by myself or Chris Paine Biozone Pg Small things for foraging lab eg shells, peas, peanuts, wrapped candies, etc Quizlet games Computers Videos, especially from

9 Diploma Curriculum Scope and Sequence documentation Page 9 of 10 openculture.com PowerPoint Topic 10.3: Higher-level Gene Pools and Speciation 3 hours 1 week Skill: Comparison of allele frequencies of geographically isolated populations. and explain concepts relation to: A gene pool consists of all the genes and their different alleles, present in an interbreeding population. Evolution requires that allele frequencies change with time in populations. Reproductive isolation of populations can be temporal, behavioural or geographic. Speciation due to divergence of isolated populations can be gradual. Speciation can occur abruptly. Analysis of graphs showing different types of evolution Finding examples of different types of evolution Identifying rate of evolution for different examples of evolution Biozone and worksheet Unit test Punctuated equilibrium was long considered an alternative theory of evolution and a challenge to the long established paradigm of Darwinian gradualism. How do paradigm shifts proceed in science and what factors are involved in their success? Textbook Biology pg Textbook 2015: pg Worksheets made by myself or Chris Paine Biozone Pg Quizlet games Computers PowerPoint Presentation Topic 7.2: Higher-level Transcription and Gene Expression 3 hr 1 week changes in the DNA methylation patterns. Transcription occurs in a 5 to 3 direction. Nucleosomes help to regulate transcription in eukaryotes. Eukaryotic cells modify mrna after transcription. Splicing of mrna increases the number of different proteins an organism can produce. Gene expression is regulated by proteins that bind to specific base sequences in DNA. The environment of a cell and of an organism has an impact on gene expression. Analysis of DNA methylation patterns. Worksheet Final exam The nature versus nurture debate concerning the relative importance of an individual s innate qualities versus those acquired through experiences is still under discussion. Is it important for science to attempt to answer this question? Textbook Biology pg Textbook 2015: pg Worksheet made by myself Biozone Pg.

10 Diploma Curriculum Scope and Sequence documentation Page 10 of Quizlet game Computers Videos, especially from openculture.com PowerPoint Presentation Introduction to Internal Assessment 1 week Exploration and personal engagement selecting a topic and planning an investigation Students will be able to: Select an appropriate and engaging topic for their IA Write an Aim, Hypothesis, Variables and Method that demonstrates full appreciation of all aspects of the IA Assess sample IAs and critique/grade Critique sample IA together in class Search through Web resource, textbooks, and syllabus for topic of interest Draft of report from Aim through Method comments made Final IA submitted in Grade 12 communicator principled inquirer Textbook Biology All pages Textbook 2015: All pages Checksheet for IA Biozone All pages Computers PowerPoint