VANITHASHRREE RAJA 21 ST OCTOBER 1988 SERVER, CPU & HARDISK NETWORK MONITORING SYSTEM 2011/2012 EN. ALIAS MOHD

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1 VANITHASHRREE RAJA 21 ST OCTOBER 1988 SERVER, CPU & HARDISK NETWORK MONITORING SYSTEM 2011/2012 EN. ALIAS MOHD

2 I hereby declare that I have read this report and in my opinion, this report is sufficient in terrn of scope and quality for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering (Electrical - Telecommunication). Signature : Name of Supervisor : EN. ALIAS MOHD Date : 28 th JUNE 2012

3 SERVER, HARDISK AND CPU MONITORING SYSTEM VANITHASHRREE RAJA A report submitted that fulfill requirement in terms of the scope and quality for the award for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering (Electrical-Telecommunications) Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia JUNE 2012

4 I declare that this thesis entitled Server, CPU & Hardisk Monitoring System is the result of my own research except as cited in the references. This thesis has not been accepted for any degree and is not concurrently submitted in candidature of any other degree. Signature : Name : VANITHASHRREE RAJA Date : 23th JUNE 2012

5 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER TITLE PAGE TABLE OF CONTENTS ii DEDICATION iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT v ABSTRACT vi ABSTRAK vii LIST OF TABLES viii LIST OF FIGURES ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS x 1. INTRODUCTION Introduction to network monitoring system Problem Statement Condition of Fulfillment Scope of Project Thesis Outline 5 2. LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction Open Source Network Monitoring System Comparisons of Open Source Network Monitoring System METHODOLOGY Introduction Nagios Core 3.2 Installation Nagios Plugins Installation Web Interface Configuration 18

6 iii 3.5. NRPE Installation SMS Configuration via Google Calendar iphone Webpage and Webclip Configuration RESULTS& DISCUSSION Introduction Nagios Server, CPU & Hardisk Monitoring Result Project Achievement Discussion CONCLUSION& RECOMMENDATION Conclusion Recommendations 61 BIBLIOGRAPHY 62 APPENDIX A 63

7 iv To my beloved family, Mr. Raja Mrs. Logaswari Ms. Vanijah Sri Ms. Vanishasri Mr. Manigandan And my inspiration, Mr. Remnesh Kumar

8 v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT At the outset, I would like to convey my heartiest gratitude to my supersivor, Mr. Alias Mohd by thanking for unceasing guidance and moral support. His advices and sense of responsibility is highly appreciated. I would also grab this opportunity to thank the administrators from the FKE IT Unit, for the continuous technical assistance. My deepest gratitude goes to my family who are always there for me and the engineer from Air Product Malaysia. Pvt Ltd, Mr. Remnesh Kumar for guiding me throughout the completion period of this final year report.

9 vi ABSTRACT Network monitoring is a system that consistently monitors status of the servers together with their performance of the CPU and storage. Network monitoring system is able to alert the network administrators via and SMS whenever there are occurrences of errors on the network such as server failure, load congestion or slow performance. The task of network monitoring system is to guard the performance and alert the administrators whenever faulty occurs in the network. The purpose of this project is to monitor servers in Faculty of Electrical Engineering (FKE) network and it mainly focuses on the status or performance of servers. It is able to send notification to the administrators during the downtime and uptime of these servers..the alert or notification that will be covered in this project is through and SMS (Short Messaging Service).In addition, the system will be able to monitor the status and performance of the memory and storage of FKE servers. In this project, the performance of the servers will be monitored through network monitoring software that is Nagios Core 3.2 which at the same time, it sends out notification whenever the problem arises in the servers.

10 vii ABSTRAK Pemantauan rangkaian ialah satu sistem yang sentiasa memantau status pelayan serta prestasi mereka CPU dan penyimpanan. Rangkaian sistem pemantauan mampu untuk memberi amaran kepada pentadbir rangkaian melalui e-mel dan SMS apabila terdapat kejadian kesilapan pada rangkaian seperti kegagalan pelayan, kesesakan beban atau prestasi perlahan.tugas sistem pemantauan rangkaian adalah untuk menjaga prestasi dan memberi amaran kepada pentadbir apabila kegagaan berfungsi dalam rangkaian.tujuan projek ini adalah untuk memantau pelayan di Fakulti rangkaian Kejuruteraan Elektrik (FKE) dan terutamanya menumpukan kepada status atau prestasi pelayan. Ia mampu untuk menghantar pemberitahuan kepada pentadbir semasa downtime dan uptime pelayan ini.. Amaran atau pemberitahuan yang akan dilindungi di dalam projek ini adalah melalui e-mel dan SMS (Khidmat Pesanan Ringkas). Di samping itu, sistem ini akan mampu untuk memantau status dan prestasi ingatan dan penyimpanan pelayan FKE. Dalam projek ini, prestasi pelayan akan dipantau melalui perisian pemantauan rangkaian iaitu Nagios Core yang pada masa yang sama, ia menghantar pemberitahuan apabila masalah timbul dalam pelayan.

11 viii LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE Table Comparison in Open Source Network Monitoring 11 System Table Descriptions of Nagios Directory and Content 17 Table Descriptions of Directives & its Descriptions 32

12 ix LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE Figure 3.1 Configuration Steps of Server, CPU & Hardisk 12 Figure 3.2 Nagios Core 3.2 installation mechanism 14 Figure 3.3 Architecture of Nagios 20 Figure 3.4 Overview of Nagios Configuration Procedure 21 Figure 3.5 Basic Block Diagram of NRPE Configuration 25 Figure 3.6 Flow Chart of Google Calendar Configuration 44 Figure 4.1 Nagios Service Detail 50 Figure 4.2 Service Overview for All Host Groups 51 Figure 4.3 Host Status 52 Figure 4.4 Status Grid For All Host Group 53 Figure 4.5 Nagios Notification Alert 54 Figure4.6 Notification 55 Figure 4.7 Notification Content 55 Figure 4.8 SMS Notification Content 56 Figure 4.9 Nagios Webapp 57 Figure 4.10 NagiosAuthentication in iphone 58 Figure 4.11 Nagios Webpage in iphone 58

13 x LIST OF ABBREVATIONS SMS - Short Messaging Service CPU - Central Processing Unit OS - Operating System PHP - Hypertext Peripheral FKE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol FTP - File Transfer Protocol SQL - Structured Query Language SSH - Secure Shell GSM - Global System for Mobile Communications GPRS - General Packet Radio Service SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol GCC - GNU Compiler Collection NRPE - Nagios Remote Plugin Executor

14 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Thesis Objective The network monitoring is crucial to ensure consistent network stability in order to monitor the performance of a network which consists of several servers or hosts by determining to the uptime and downtime of the servers. The objective to be accomplished in this project is to establish a network monitoring system that is able monitor the status of the server besides the storage and memory level of the servers and able to send notification to the administrators via and SMS prior to the occurrence of errors in servers of the FKE network.

15 2 1.2 Problem Statement Network failures and downtime is not new in today s fast moving world. Network failures cause the users to face difficulties to run an application programs. The fault or errors will eventually cause data loss, and also, in case the network stops operating then the user will be unable to access to various computers. Therefore, a network monitoring system is important to enable the administrator to be consistently updated with current status of server. Otherwise, the errors occurred in the network will only be grasped when the user notice that the server is inaccessible. This then will delay the troubleshooting process and will effect dissatisfactions among the users due to the inconvenience and inefficient network. The network monitoring system is crucial in order to ensure the health of the network in an organization. Many network monitoring service are available on market nevertheless it is expensive to employ the utility in a small network like FKE. Therefore, this project is to carry out a monitoring system that follows the needs of the current FKE network. This monitoring system implements open source operating system and Nagios 3.2 as the network monitoring system as the module of Nagios can be enhanced and updated from time to time, and they are at no cost besides they provide excellent service of server monitoring.

16 3 1.3 Condition of Fulfillment The criteria that can fulfill the conditions of an efficient server, CPU and Hardisk are the monitoring system must be able to send to notification directly to the key administrator or the administrators. This can enhance or shorten the time taken to identify the particular error or outages occur in a network. The troubleshooting process consumes times and sometimes, it can be very tedious and cause congestion in the network and hence affects our daily tasks that involve IT infrastructures. Apart from that, an efficient network monitoring system must be able to identify the outages and also the changes made by the novice and immediately reports the intruder s action the administrators. The proactive solution for an efficient and conversant network monitoring system feature mainly focuses on the alerting system. In Nagios, the alerting system can be implemented in 3 ways and they are via pagers, and also SMS. The notification can only be implemented during the administrators working hours or when the administrators are around their monitoring computer. Henceforth, probability for occurrence of outages is still high for the reason that the administrator will not be monitoring their PC 24 hours a day. Therefore, the administrators will not be able to monitor the server, CPU and Hardisk anytime and anywhere they want. From this, the alerting system via SMS is the best pro-active solution can be implemented in FKE server, CPU and Hardisk monitoring system.

17 4 1.4 Scope of Project Scope of a project is crucial since it acts as a guideline of the project. The scopes of this project are as listed. 1. Operating System (OS) that will be utilized to implement this project is Ubuntu Oneiric Ocelot or Ubuntu The operating system based on the distribution of Debian Linux as the open source software. Ubuntu is applicable on both desktop and server edition. Ubuntu is sponsored by Canonical Ltd, a UK-based company. The operating system is entirely cost free, and can be utilized to improvise the software. Ubuntu supports security fixes, patches to critical bugs and minor updates to programs. Ubuntu is freely available for community and also professional support. It is suitable for desktop and server usage. This Ubuntu server will act as monitoring workstation in this project. 2. Nagios Core 3.2 is the open source network monitoring software that will be setup in the monitoring workstation to monitor servers in FKE network. Nagios Core 3.2 is an Open Source IT monitoring system in the standard demanded by the industry today. Nagios is able to diagnose and resolve the faulty or error occurs in an IT infrastructure before the error causes harmful consequences on the business processes. The basic function of Nagios is that it is able to manage the entire network monitoring system or IT infrastructure to ensure the fidelity of the network whilst ensuring the services, applications, and systems in a particular network are functioning at their peak.the Nagios is highly demanded also due to the alerting facility. Nagios can notify a technical staff or the administrator of the network in the event of failure. 3. The system can notify the administrators whenever the problem occurs in the servers of the network. The alerts sent are in the form of and SMS.

18 5 1.5 Thesis Outline This thesis consists of six chapters which start with Introduction followed by Literature Review, Methodology of the project, Results and Discussion, last but not least Conclusion and Future Consideration. Chapter One covers the objectives, problem statement, condition of fulfillment of the project and also the scope of the project. This chapter is concerned on the understanding what this project is mainly about. Chapter Twoconsists of introduction of literature review that has been completed in this project. It contains the explanation of the network monitoring tools that are available in market and also the explanation of network monitoring tool that has been utilized in this project. This chapter is mainly for the understanding on the network monitoring softwares that are available other than what is utilized in this project. Chapter Three contains the methodology of this project. The reader will be able to understand how this project has been established where the detail and procedures are shown step by step in this chapter. Chapter Four is the results obtained from the project. The results have been described and explained clearly to provide in depth understanding to the reader. The achievement of the project has been stated here as well. Chapter Five consists of the conclusion and the discussion of the project. The future consideration has been stated in conclusion. Future consideration is vital in suggesting the future development for this project.

19 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction Network monitoring system is a system that monitors the components in a network consistently for the slow, failing hosts or server and alert the failure instantly to the administrator through its alerting system such as pagers, or SMS. Network monitoring system is also capable of detecting the errors caused by server crash, errors in connection, overloaded devices and etc.network monitoring system ensures the hosts in a network in working in their optimum level and perfect health. There are many network monitoring system available in market today, some of most efficient network monitoring applications are Munin, Cacti, Monit and also Nagios Core.

20 7 2.2 Open Source Network Monitoring System Many organizations keeps track of the servers in their networks, relevant people should be informed in case the server fails. There are varieties of commercial network monitoring tools available for this purpose, however they are really expensive, require dedicated monitoring servers. Hence, free software community has come out with application which do the same task as the expensive ones, but they are less demanding since they do not require dedicated servers where the machines are able to be shared with other software beside network monitoring system software. The open source network monitoring system is cost free and efficient. The examples of open source monitoring system are such as Nagios Core, Munin, Monit and Cacti Munin Network Monitoring System Munin is a system or network monitoring application that is capable of monitoring the performance of computers in a network. Munin displays the output in the form of graphs via web interface. The function of Munin is expandable by installing plugins and play capabilities. Munin has variety of 500 monitoring plugins, SANs and applications. Munin consistently monitors the capacity and the other limited resources such as storage of the computer and is able to crop out the problem on the performance by indication what s different today in the form of graph. Basically, Munin uses the RRDtool and uses Perl scripting language. It is built on master/node architecture whereby master will connect to all nodes in the network at regular intervals and inquire data from the nodes where the data will be storedin RRD files. Munin is rated as one of the most efficient network monitoring application and vastly used by administrators due to its reliability.

21 Cacti Network Monitoring System Cacti is one of the most efficient web-based network monitoring application available on market today. It is also afront-end open source application which is designed by using graphing tool. Generally, Cacti is used to monitor the CPU load and Bandwidth utilization in term of graph-time series if data of metrics. Cacti s most common usage is by polling a router interface or network switch through SNMP. The front-end capability is able to handle multiple hosts, each with own graph sets, which can also use web hosting providers such as for dedicated server, virtual private server as well as collocation provider in term of displaying the statistics of bandwidth to the customers. Cacti configure the data collection by itself, which enables some of the setups to be monitored without manual configuration of RRDTool. The function of Cacti can be expanded to monitor thousands of host by using shell scripts that is executable. Other than that, it has the capability of generating IP SLA reports like most of the network monitoring software, where it is also capable of logical grouping. The advantage of Cacti is that it has the ability if trend prediction, and auto discovery by using plugins. Cacti is also able to notify the administrators whenever the server is down Monit Network Monitoring System Monit is normally used as agent of network monitoring system that is able to monitor all hosts and services in a network. It is capable of starting a service which has not run, restart if there is no responds from the host and terminate or suspend the service if it utilizes too much of resources. The services monitored by Monit are such as CPU performance, load, disk usage, memory, filesystems, files directories for all the changes on the hosts. The users are allowed to set the threshold values in order to define the scope of the

22 9 services, the notification preferences as well as the specific action desired in a host. As for data storage, Monit collects the information and store them in database. Monit is able to drill-down and filter the functions that exist to investigate upon the collected data. Monit is user friendly and convenient where it can be accessed from web-interface. The performances, status and events of the hosts will be updated as according to the schedule and displayed in the form of tables, charts and graphs Nagios Core Nagios Core is an Open Source IT monitoring system in the standard demanded by the industry today. Nagios is able to diagnose and resolve the faulty or error occurs in an IT infrastructure before the error causes harmful consequences on the business processes. The basic function of Nagios is that it is able to manage the entire network monitoring system or IT infrastructure to ensure the fidelity of the network whilst ensuring the services, applications, and systems in a particular network are functioning at their peak.the Nagios is highly demanded also due to the alerting facility. Nagios can notify a technical staff or the administrator of the network in the event of failure. It allows them to formulate and perform before the outages affect the end-users or customers.the benefits provided by the Nagios Core are comprehensive monitoring, visibility, awareness, problem remediation, trending and capacity planning, reports and also extendable architecture. The compressive planning is Nagios Core provides critical infrastructures for all mission. They are including applications, operating systems, services, network protocols and network infrastructures. It also provides central view of the whole network through visibility.

23 10 Most importantly, Nagios is able to alert the administrators via pagers, and SMS. It also comprises multi-user notification capabilities in order to ensure the notifications reach the right people.apart from all this advantages, Nagios covers the remediation of the problems. Remediation of the problems allows the administrator to automatically restart the failed servers, applications, services or devices whenever the outages have been detected. Nagios also has its own trending and capacity planning. It allows the organization to plot for infrastructure advancements before the outdated system instigate unexpected stresses or abruptness. It allows the community to extend the architecture of Nagios by developing add-ons extend core functionally and not to forget the capability of generating reports by providing records of outages, alert response for later analyses and also the notification to keep Nagios systematic and well-equipped.therefore, Nagios is most suitable network monitoring system that can be carried out in this report. The qualities and services provided are suitable to establish reliable monitoring service in order to ensure the performance of the users in FKE.

24 Comparison of Open Source Network Monitoring System Table Comparison in Open Source Network Monitoring System Name Agent SNM P Plugins Alerts WebApp Distributed Monitoring Inventory Data Storage Method Munin Yes Yes Yes Partial Viewing Unknown Unknown RRDtool Oracle,MySQL, Zabbix Supported Yes Yes Yes Full Control Yes Yes PostgreSQL, IBM DB2,SQLite OpenNMS Supported Yes Yes Yes Full Control Yes Yes JRobin,PostgreS QL Spiceworks Supported Yes Yes Yes Full Control Yes Yes Sqlite Icinga Supported Via plugin Yes Yes Full Control Yes Via plugin MySQL,Postgre SQL,Oracle Database Nagios Supported Via plugin Yes Yes Yes Yes Via plugin Flat file,sql

25 CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY The software and operating system required to for network monitoring system are as listed in Figure 3.1. Ubuntu Oneiric Ocelot Apache2 Web Server Configuration MySQL Configuration PHP Configuration Nagios 3.3 Configuration Nagios Plugins Configuration Remote Access to Ubuntu (SSH) SMS Gateway / Tools Figure 3.1 : The Configuration steps of Server, CPU and Hardisk

26 Introduction The methodology of this project is as shown in Figure 3.2. The required hardware and software for the project must be identified. The configuration of the software requires source codes or command. Once the configurations are successful, next proceed to the programming language involved for the SQL database, whereby in this project, the programming language used is PHP. The functionality of the project will then tested in Nagios script or modules as well as the alerting system. Finally, the project can be implemented in FKE when it is complete. The workstation at the FKE IT room will be used to monitor servers, Control Processing Unit (CPU) and Hardisk in FKE network. The monitoring workstation is running on Ubuntu LTS operating system. In order to implement network monitoring system, the network monitoring software, Nagios 3.2 and the plugins must be installed on the monitoring workstation. When the installation is successful, Nagios will then periodically monitor the servers to be monitored such as HTTP, SSH, and FTP services. The status of the server can be viewed in the Nagios notification that appears on the screen. The network monitoring system will monitor and alert the administrator from time to time in the event of outages. The task to be accomplished here is after the installation of Nagios and the plugins, the monitoring system has to be modified and configured. This can be implemented by modifying the Nagios script in the existing module. The successful configuration will then enable the monitoring system to send SMS from the system to the administrator simultaneously with the occurrence of faults on the servers. Once the configuration is done, the servers, CPU and hardisk can be monitored by configuring ssh config for servers in Ubuntu while for the CPU and Hardisk can be monitored by configuring telnet. This will enable the workstation to be remotely monitored. Besides that, the SMS tools and modem has to be identified in order to notify the administrators via SMS service. The SMS tool that is available on the market is GSM or GPRS modem. This tools can be utilized in this project since it is affordable,

27 14 fully customizable by PHP, Linux embedded operating system, Apache embedded web server, SQLite embedded SQL server, and the example of one of these tools are SMS FoxBox. The SMS tools can also be achieved by using the currently available service in Google which is called Google Calendar Service. This service is cost free, and most importantly supports the Ubuntu operating system, Nagios 3.2, as well as MySQL web server and PHP programming language. Nagios Core installation on the Ubuntu Server Monitoring System Configuration Configuration and compilation of Nagios Plugins in Ubuntu Server Configuration of SMS Alerting System Define services, hosts, contacts of the monitored servers Figure 3.2 :Nagios Core 3.2 installation mechanism

28 Installation of Nagios Core 3.2 Program Nagios is able to monitor private services and the attributions of the Linux operating machines such as the memory usage, the CPU load, the disk usage, the service states, running processes, logged in users and etc. The service available provided by the Windows machines, such as HTTP, FTP, SSH, SMTP and etc, can be monitored at ease through the steps that will be stated Section Most commonly, the Nagios and the plugins will be installed underneath /usr/local/nagios, where Nagios will be configured to monitor a few aspects of the local system such as CPU load, disk usage and etc. The Nagios web interface will be accessible at at the end of the project.the packages required for the Nagios Core 3.2 Setups are Apache2, PHP, GCC compiler and development libraries as well as GD development libraries. Refer Appendix A for further details on configurations Installation of Nagios The installation of Nagios uses simple instruction on how to install Nagios from source (code). The installation for Nagios can be done by using the steps provided as shown. Nagios Core 3.2 requires the users to login as root user in Terminal. 1. The user is required to create a new Nagios user account. 2. A directory is required specially to store downloads. 3. Source code for the tarballs of Nagios has to be downloaded. 4. Extract the source codes of the tarballs. 5. Compilation of Nagios source code

29 16 Each step has the source code on its own. The code used for the Nagios 3.2 configurations are as stated below. The installation should be done as a root user. ubuntufke@ubuntu# sudo su ubuntufke@ubuntu# nautilus gksudo root@ubuntu# sudo apt-get install apache2 root@ubuntu# sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5 root@ubuntu# sudo apt-get install build-essential root@ubuntu# sudo apt-get install libgd2-dev root@ubuntu# sudo apt-get install libgd2-xpm-dev root@ubuntu# /usr/sbin/useradd -m -s /bin/bash Nagios root@ubuntu# passwd Nagios This step is to key in the password for root user. root@ubuntu# /usr/sbin/groupadd Nagios root@ubuntu# /usr/sbin/usermod -G NagiosNagios root@ubuntu# /usr/sbin/groupadd nagcmd root@ubuntu# /usr/sbin/usermod -a -G nagcmd Nagios root@ubuntu# /usr/sbin/usermod -a -G nagcmd www-data Make directory to store the download files in a particular folder. root@ubuntu# mkdir ~/downloads root@ubuntu# cd ~/downloads root@ubuntu/downloads# wget

30 17 wget tar.gz tar xzf Nagios tar.gz cd Nagios with-command-group=nagcmd make all make install make install-init make install-config make install-commandmode 3.3 Nagios Plugins Installation Plugins is crucial to construct a monitoring system based on the specification. Plugins enable users to improvise the hosts and also the services check via files configuration. The installation for Nagios Plugins comprises few steps as well. The steps are as listed below. 1. The source code of the tarballs should be downloaded for Nagios Plugin. 2. Next, extract the source code from the tarballs. 3. Last but not least, compile all the source code and plugins is then ready to be installed. 4. The detailed steps to extract and compilation of Nagios plugins are as shown.

31 18 cd../ tar xzf Nagios-plugins tar.gz cd Nagios-plugins Nagios-plugins #./ configure Nagios-plugins # -- with Nagiosuser=Nagios with-nagios-group=nagios Nagios-plugins # make Nagios-plugins # make check Nagios-plugins # make install 3.4 Web Interface Configuration Web interface has to be re-configured after the installation of both Nagios Core and Nagios Plugin. The steps for web interface installation are as provided below. 1. The Nagios web config file should be installed in the Apache conf.d directory. 2. Nagiosadmin has to be created in order to log in into Nagios web interface. 3. Restart the Apache to load the new settings. 4. Below are the source codes for Web Interface configuration, make install-webconf In order to login to the web server, the Nagiosadmin account and password have to be created. Lastly, restart Apache for the new setting to take effect. htpasswd c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users Nagiosadmin root@ubuntu/downloads# /etc/init.d/apache2 reload

32 19 The next step in order to proceed with the network monitoring project is to start the Nagios using some simple source code and the login to the web server. The Nagios interface must be able to access to The configuration of Nagios has to be done to enable the network monitoring system to alert the administrator via SMS in the event of outages.the installations of Nagios 3.2, Nagios plugins and web interface are sufficient to monitor only the localhost. The directory that has been configured earlier consists of the sample scripts that are not efficient to monitor the hosts in the workstation. The Nagios configuration creates directory where the information of the hosts to be monitored, the contacts to be notified, and other information that are essential in monitoring the networks. The directory is located at usr/local/nagios as illustrated in Table Table : The descriptions of Nagios directory and contents Directory Contents usr/local/nagios/bin usr/local/nagios/sbin usr/local/nagios/share usr/local/nagios/etc usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg usr/local/nagios/etc/objects usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg The program of Nagios Core Contains the CGIs files Contains HTML files for web interface and online documentation Contains main, resource, object, and CGI configuration files Settings directory of main configuration file Definition of the object files Definitions of hosts, services and group Contacts for notification purposes usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg The definition of characteristics of the services and the time period

33 Nagios Configuration Nagios configurations files have to be edited before implement them in the actual network monitoring system. The Figure 3.3 shows the architecture of Nagios. The configuration file is the Config file, there are plain text files, and used to define the services and hosts to be checked during Nagios network monitoring. Figure 3.3 : The Architecture of Nagios The Config file contains Main Configuration File, Object Definition File, Resource File, and CGI Config File and commonly located in /usr/local/nagios/etc/. The Main Configuration File will be read by both config file and CGIs. The Nagios Main Configuration File is titled as Nagios.cfg, where it contains directives that direct the monitoring operation of Nagios. The CGI Configuration File is named as cgi.cfg. It basically contains the directives that influence the CGIs. Other than Nagios.cfg and cgi.cfg, the next important configuration setup is the Object Definition File, where the hosts, services, contacts, contactgroup, hostgroup and

34 21 command are defined here. This file determines the host and services that needed to be monitored in Nagios Monitoring System. The user-defined macros are normally stored in Resource.cfg. It contains database connection setting which is not reachable by CGIs.Nagios configuration has to be done before starting to operate Nagios. These configurations are important to tailor the monitoring features as according to own preferences. These files are located in /usr/local/nagios/etcfolder, and it contains cgi.cfg, Nagios.cfg, resource.cfg, nrpe.cfg and object configuration folder which contains commands.cfg, contact.cfg, localhost.cfg, and ubuntufke.cfg (remote host and services definition for nrpe). The architecture of object configuration folder is as shown in Figure 3.4. Figure 3.4 Overview of Nagios Configuration Procedure

35 22 The steps for Nagios Configuration are as follow. a) Main Configuration File (/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg) This directory contains the object definitions to be used in Nagios monitoring. The directory contains commands to be executed in order to run in the monitoring system. The commands in Nagios.cfg has to be uncommented simply by removing # at the front of the each command in order to be executed. cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/host.cfg cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/ubuntufke.cfg cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hostgroup.cfg b) Service and Host Checks It is necessary to enable this option in order to direct Nagios to perform its checks whenever the Nagios operation start or restart. It can be done by enabling (placing 1 ) the options in Nagios.cfg. execute_service_checks=1 accept_passive_service_checks=1 execute_host_checks=1 accept_passive_host_checks=1

36 23 c) Event Handler Option This option enables Nagios to run checks on the defined hosts and services event handlers. This step can be done in the Nagios.cfg file. enable_event_handlers=1 d) Notification Option This option determines if Nagios send host and services notification alert once the Nagios restarts. The command to enable the notification can be found in Nagios.cfg itself. enable_notifications=1 e) Authentication Usage This option determine if CGIs utilize authentication when displaying the information of host and service information while executing commands to Nagios for further processing. It is advised to enable the authentication to avoid unauthorized access to Nagios besides minimizing the risk of service attack. This option can be enabled in cgi.cfg file. use_authentication=1

37 24 f) Authorization This option will define the users that are allowed to access pages without authentication. This unauthenticated access is allow within secured domain only, which only allow those who are behind the firewall to view the current status without authentication. default_user_name=guest authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin The procedures above are only simple and essential steps configuration, where Nagiosis still not ready to monitor any host yet. The setup is only complete when the information of the host to be monitored is added. The hosts to be monitored have to be defined in local.cfg object file, located in /usr/local/nagios/etc/objetcs directory. The project implemented at FKE consists of four hosts and they are the monitoring host itself that is ubuntufke, psm, blog and conference. The definition of host of object file is as stated below for each host setup.

38 25 The following is the host definition for localhost, with IP address define host{ use generic-host host_name localhost alias ubuntufke address check_command check-host-alive max_check_attempts 2 check_interval 1 retry_interval 1 check_period 24x7 contact_groups admins notification_interval 1 notification_period 24x7 notification_options d,u,r } The following is the host definition for fkeubuntu, with IP address define host{ use generic-host host_name fkeubuntu alias FKEubuntu address check_command check-host-alive max_check_attempts 2 check_interval 1 retry_interval 1 check_period 24x7 contact_groups admins notification_interval 1 notification_period 24x7 notification_options d,u,r }

39 26 The following is the host definition for blog, with IP address define host{ use generic-host host_name blog alias blog address check_command check-host-alive max_check_attempts 2 check_interval 1 retry_interval 1 check_period 24x7 contact_groups admins notification_interval 1 notification_period 24x7 notification_options d,u,r } The following is the host definition for psm, with IP address define host{ use generic-host host_name psm alias psm address check_command check-host-alive max_check_attempts 2 check_interval 1 retry_interval 1 check_period 24x7 contact_groups admins notification_interval 1 notification_period 24x7 notification_options d,u,r }

40 27 The following is the host definition for conference, with IP address define host{ use generic-host host_name conference alias conference address check_command check-host-alive max_check_attempts 2 check_interval 1 retry_interval 1 check_period 24x7 contact_groups admins notification_interval 1 notification_period 24x7 notification_options d,u,r }

41 28 The definitions above will define the hosts in Nagios, the condition can be viewed individually. The hosts can be viewed in group as well, where the following host group definition will group them and can be viewed in form of group. The definition should be defined in localhost.cfg that used to define host. define hostgroup{ hostgroup_name linux-servers alias Linux Servers members localhost,fkeubuntu,blog,psm,conference } The next step to monitor hosts using Nagios is to define services. The services can be defined in localhost.cfg. In this project, the services to be monitored are type of metric associated with the host, which is response to ping, number of user, free disk space, cpu load and etc. The configuration below shows the services definition for the hosts. The definition for PING service is as shown. Nagios will display warning when the PING service threshold level is 20% and display critical when the threshold level reaches 60%. define service{ host_name localhost,blog,psm,conference,fkeubuntu service_description PING check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60% max_check_attempts 2 check_interval 1 retry_interval 1 check_period 24x7 contact_groups admins notification_interval 1 notification_period 24x7 notification_options w,c,r }

42 29 Below is the definition of a service to inspect the disk space of the root partition on the localhost. It will display warning if the disk is less than 20% free, and display critical if less than10% free space on partition. define service{ host_name localhost service_description Root Partition check_command check_local_disk!20%!10%!/ max_check_attempts 2 check_interval 1 retry_interval 1 check_period 24x7 contact_groups admins notification_interval 1 notification_period 24x7 notification_options w,c,r } Next is the definition of a service to check the number of currently logged in users on the localhost where it displays warning if20 users logged in, and displays critical if more than 50 users. define service{ host_name localhost service_description Current Users check_command check_local_users!20!50 max_check_attempts 2 check_interval 1 retry_interval 1 check_period 24x7 contact_groups admins notification_interval 1 notification_period 24x7 notification_options w,c,r }

43 30 Below is the definition of a service to check the number of currently running procs on the monitoring host. It will display warning if it exceeds more than 250 processes, and displays critical if it is more than 400 users. define service{ host_name localhost service_description Total Processes check_command check_local_procs!250!400!rszdt max_check_attempts 2 check_interval 1 retry_interval 1 check_period 24x7 contact_groups admins notification_interval 1 notification_period 24x7 notification_options w,c,r } The following is definition of a service to check the load on the local machine. define service{ host_name localhost service_description Current Root Load check_command check_local_load!5.0,4.0,3.0!10.0,6.0,4.0 max_check_attempts 2 check_interval 1 retry_interval 1 check_period 24x7 contact_groups admins notification_interval 1 notification_period 24x7 notification_options w,c,r }

44 31 In order to check swap usage of localhost, define the following to display critical if less than 10% of swap is free, warning if less than 20% is free. define service{ host_name localhost,fkeubuntu,blog,psm,conference service_description Swap Usage check_command check_local_swap!20!10 max_check_attempts 2 check_interval 1 retry_interval 1 check_period 24x7 contact_groups admins notification_interval 1 notification_period 24x7 notification_options w,c,r } While for a service to check SSH on the local machine, definition should be done as follow to disable notifications for this service by default, as not all users may have SSH enabled. define service{ host_name blog,psm,conference,fkeubuntu service_description SSH check_command check_ssh max_check_attempts 2 check_interval 1 retry_interval 1 check_period 24x7 contact_groups admins notification_interval 1 notification_period 24x7 notification_options w,c,r }

45 32 Last but not least, definesthe service to check HTTP on the local hosts, define disable notifications for this service by default, as not all users may have HTTP enabled. define service{ host_name localhost,psm,conference,fkeubuntu,blog service_description HTTP check_command check_http max_check_attempts 2 check_interval 1 retry_interval 1 check_period 24x7 contact_groups admins notification_interval 1 notification_period 24x7 notification_options w,c,r }

46 33 The services and hosts can be monitored by stating the host name and the services to be monitored. The descriptions of the directives or services defined above are explained in the Table 3.4.2below. Table : The descriptions ofdirectives and description Directive Description host_name To define the host, to be discovered by Nagios. Alias Definition or description the longer of host. Address Definition of IP Address of the host. service_description Definition of the services desired to be checked. check_command Define the command that to be checked. max_check_attempts Define the maximum number of time that Nagios will retry the scheduled host check if the host state detected is any other than OK state. check_interval To define the interval between the regularly scheduled checks of hosts. retry_interval Define the time that Nagios waits before schedule re-checks on the hosts. check_period Specify the name of time period which active check of the host can be made. contact_groups A list of contact group which the notification needed to be sent whenever the host is down. It supports multiple contacts, where they should be defined where should be separated by commas. notification_interval Define the time (in minute) that Nagios waits before resend notification a contact if the contact if the state of host is unreachable or down. notification_period Specify the name of time period which active notification of the host can be sent to the contact. notification_options Command used to determine when the notifications to be sent. There are five commands description to send out the

47 34 notification alert, and they are as follow, a) d to send the notification when it is in down state b) u to send notification when the state is unreachable c) r to send notification during the recovery state, when it is recovered and OK d) f to send notification when hosts starts and stops flapping e) s to send notification when the scheduled downtime starts and ends Lastly, if the notification is required, then the contact has to be assigned. The notification system will send alert to the administrator whose contact has been defined in contact.cfg which is at /usr/local/nagios/objects directory. define contact{ contact_name use alias service_notification_options host_notification_options service_notification_commands service-by-sms host_notification_commands host-by-sms } Nagiosadmin generic-contact Nagios Admin alert@fkegraduate.utm.my w,u,c,r d,u,r notify-service-by- ,notifynotify-host-by- ,notify-

48 35 The configuration for Nagios is complete with notification alert, where it is not complete without NRPE configuration if it is required in the system. NRPE is required in a system that consists of remote host. Monitoring host by itself is unable to obtain the CPU Load and the performance state of Hardisk where it can only monitor services such as HTTP and FTP. Therefore, NRPE is needed to extend the function of Nagios by obtaining the status of CPU and Hardisk from a remote host. 3.5 NRPE Installation 3.5. The basic block diagram for NRPE configuration is as shown in the Figure Nagios check_nrpe e NRPE check_disk check_load Monitoring Host Remote Linux Host Figure 3.5 : Basic Block Diagram NRPE Configuration Basically, the monitoring host must be running a Nagios server, and next install NRPE on the monitoring host. Install the same version of NRPE in the remote host and then proceed with installing Nagios plugins in the remote host. The steps for NRPE configuration are as follow. a) Install NRPE in the remote host whereby NRPE requires the installation of xinetd and libssl-dev and followed by installing daemon, therefore type the following lines into the terminal.

49 36 install xinetd apt-get install libssl-dev tar.gz tar xzf nrpe-2.13.tar.gz nrpe all install-plugin install-daemon install-daemon-config install-xinetd b) Next step is to configure Daemon so that it is able to communicate with the Nagios server at the monitoring host, and it can be done by editing /etc/xinetd.d/nrpe and add the adding the monitoring host s IP address. nano /etc/xinetd.d/nrpe # default: on # description: NRPE (Nagios Remote Plugin Executor) service nrpe { flags = REUSE socket_type = stream port = 5666 wait = no user = Nagios group = Nagios server = /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe server_args = -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg --inetd log_on_failure += USERID

50 37 disable = no only_from = } c) Thirdly, type the following into terminal. nano /etc/services insert the following line into services file nrpe 5666/tcp # NRPE d) The configuration is partially done, it verification can be done by typing netstat -at grep nrpe, while the result should look as illustrated below. (tcp 0 0 *:nrpe *:* LISTEN) e) The NRPE configuration at the remote host is now successful, the next step is to setup NRPE at the monitoring host by editing Nagios.cfg file. nano /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg Insert the following lines: cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/vanithashrree.cfg f) The file name vanithashrree.cfg is for the remote host that has to be monitored in the network. Once the file is assigned, then proceed with adding the services in the host. nano /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/host1.cfg define host{ use linux-server;

51 38 host_name vanithashrree; alias vanithashrree; address ; } define service{ use generic-service host_name remotehost service_description CPU Load check_command check_nrpe!check_load } define service{ use generic-service host_name remotehost service_description Current Users check_command check_nrpe!check_users } define service{ use generic-service host_name remotehost service_description /dev/root Free Space check_command check_nrpe!check_sda1 } define service{ use generic-service host_name remotehost service_description Total Processes check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs } define service{ use generic-service

52 39 host_name remotehost service_description Zombie Processes check_command check_nrpe!check_zombie_procs } The final step is to verify and restart Nagios. The NRPE configuration is now complete and ready to use. 3.6 SMS Configuration via Google Calendar SMS (Short Message Service) alerting system can be configured in Nagios using GSM modem such as FoxBox modem, though GSM functions just like normal prepaid card, where administrator will need to reload in order for it to send the SMS to the contacts that were assigned. This project has come out with a system that is able to send SMS alert to the administrator without charging anything, that is by using the existing free utility that is available on market. Therefore, it can be done by using Google Calendar service to send SMS to the administrator. All it takes is the few steps as listed and as illustrated in the Figure 3.6.

53 Figure 3.6 : Flow Chart of Google Calendar Configuration 40

54 41 a) In Mobile Setup, few details will be requested and they are the country, mobile number and the verification code. The verification code will be provided by Gmail from the SMS that will be sent to the mobile number that has been configured in Mobile Setup. b) The Mobile Setup is done, where the Google Calendar is able to communicate with the mobile phone. Next, click on Calendars and then choose notification. This section determines the preferences of notifications, on how the user is preferred to be notified on the events. On the event reminders, choose SMS and set the time to 1 minute after the event. The configuration is now done and Nagios will be able to notify the administrator whenever downtime occurs. c) Once the Google Calendar setup is done, move on to setup the interface between Nagios and Google Calendar. Next,create new file call sendsms in /usr/bin/ and add the following lines. #!/usr/bin/python author = 'mw AT nme.pl' version = '1.1' date = 'pia lip 31 10:42:26 CEST 2009' class setup: class google: login = alert@fkegraduate.utm.my password = 'fkepsm2012' retries = 3 from elementtree import ElementTree import gdata.calendar.service

55 42 import gdata.service import atom.service import gdata.calendar import atom import getopt import sys import string import time class CalendarNotify: def init (self): self.cal_client = gdata.calendar.service.calendarservice() self.cal_client. = setup.google.login self.cal_client.password = setup.google.password self.cal_client.source = 'api' self.cal_client.programmaticlogin() def reminder(self,event,minutes): for a_when in event.when: if len(a_when.reminder) more than 0: a_when.reminder[0].minutes = minutes else: a_when.reminder.append(gdata.calendar.reminder(minutes=minutes)) self.cal_client.updateevent(event.geteditlink().href, event) def event(self,title,where=none): try: # add event event = gdata.calendar.calendarevententry()

56 43 event.title = atom.title(text=title) #event.content = atom.content(text=content) if where: event.where.append(gdata.calendar.where(value_string=where)) start_time = time.strftime('%y-%m-%dt%h:%m:%s.000z', time.gmtime(time.time() + 180)) end_time = time.strftime('%y-%m-%dt%h:%m:%s.000z', time.gmtime(time.time() )) event.when.append(gdata.calendar.when(start_time=start_time, end_time=end_time)) new_event = self.cal_client.insertevent(event, '/calendar/feeds/default/private/full') # add reminder self.reminder(new_event,1) except: return False return True def parse(args): where = None if len(args): if args[0][0] == '@': where = args.pop(0) count = 0 while count < setup.retries: if cal.event(' '.join(args),where): break count += 1 try: cal = CalendarNotify() except:

57 44 printmore thanmore thansys.stderr, 'Unable to login to Google Calendar!' exit(1) if name == ' main ': args = sys.argv name = args.pop(0) if not len(args): printmore thanmore thansys.stderr, 'Usage: %s [@where] message\n' % name exit(1) parse(args) d) In order to run the script, install python libraries which have in utilized in the script. Simply install by inserting the lines into terminal. easy_install elementtree easy_install gdata e) Send test SMS to mobile to ensure that the python is function properly. test

58 45 f) To edit Nagios configuration, contact.cfg should be edited as follow. service_notification_options w,u,c,r host_notification_options d,u,r service_notification_commands notify-service-by- ,notifyservice-by-sms host_notification_commands notify-host-by- ,notify-host-bysms g) While, add the following lines into the command.cfg. # 'notify-host-by-sms' command definition define command{ command_name notify-host-by-sms command_line sendsms "$NOTIFICATIONTYPE$: $HOSTNAME$ - $HOSTSTATE$" } # 'notify-service-by-sms' command definition define command{ command_name notify-service-by-sms command_line sendsms "$NOTIFICATIONTYPE$: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ - $SERVICESTATE$" } h) The configuration for free SMS alert is now completed. Therefore, restart Nagios and receive free SMS alert whenever there is any problem is the monitoring system.

59 iphone Webpage and Webclip configuration (Novelty) Basically, in a server, the html script will be stored in /usr/local/nagios/share and the files that are useful in webpage display are index.php, main.php and side.php. The utilitiesthat are needed to simulate Nagios webpage in iphone are iphone Simulator, which is MobiOne Emulator, Safari Web Browser and Safari Webkit. The html scripts in share directory are for the display of the Nagios Webpage in normal computer web browser, therefore it is better to create a copy of all these three files as iphone.php, main1.php and side1.php, so that the changes made in the scripts will not affect the existing Nagios Website that have been setup previously. The procedures are listed. 1. Open index.php and add the following line <title>nagios Webapp</title> if ((navigator.useragent.indexof('iphone')!= -1) (navigator.useragent.indexof('ipod')!= -1)) { document.location = "iphone.php"; } 2. Next, add these lines into iphone.php <title>nagios Core</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initialscale=1.0; maximum-scale=1.0 > <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="images/sblogo.png" type="image/png"> Set the page size as follow <frameset cols="30%,70%">

60 47 3. Add the following lines in main1.php and side1.php <title>nagios Core</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initialscale=1.0; maximum-scale=1.0 > <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="images/sblogo.png" type="image/png"> 4. To create webclip, add the desired logo into /usr/local/nagios/share/images folder. Next, simply go to iphone Safari and press add bookmark, select add to home screen, edit displayed title and press add. The webclip then will appear at the homepage.

61 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Introduction The configurations stated in Chapter 3 contain the sample scripts to monitor basic server, which is the localhost. The scripts have to be altered in order to fulfill the requirement of FKE Network Monitoring System. The basic functions or service needed in the project are network monitoring for server, which is the localhost, cpu of local and remote host that is monitored via localhost, as well the status of the Hardisk of both local and remote hosts. Apart from that, the network monitoring system must be able to send notification to the administrator via SMS. Therefore, this will eventually get rid of the manual network monitoring task carried out by the administrators.prior configuration, tests and troubleshooting as shown in Chapter 3, the network monitoring system is able to operate properly. The homepage of Nagios can be accessed at where it will require authentication such as the username and password of Nagios. The authentication is crucial to prevent lurking and unsecured network monitoring. Nagios webpage only allows the authorized administrator to access the webpage. Nagios homepage basically consists of documentation, current status of the network, such as tactical overview, services, host groups, hosts, map, and etc. This project is more concerned on the services of Nagios.

62 Results NagiosService Detail Figure 4.1 shows the service detail of the servers that have been monitored by Nagios. Service details consists of the name of hosts in the network, the services that have been assigned, the status of the services and host, the last check time, the duration, checking attempts, as well as status information.the page displays sufficient information that are needed to monitor a network. The status will display the status OK, WARNING or CRTICAL whenever the host is operating in perfect condition or when the service fails, and the reason of failure will be stated in the status information column to ease recovery or maintenance purpose. Figure 4.1 :Nagios Service Detail

63 Service Overview For All Host Groups Figure 4.2 shows the service overview for all host groups. The information that can be extracted from the display is name of the host, status of the host, number of services and the status of the services. The name of the host s are clearly stated, hence there would not be any trouble to identify the failure of the hosts. However, the disadvantage of service overview is that it does not display the name of the services that are down or failed to function properly. For instant, the figure below show the status of the services, that indicates that 7 OK, 1 critical, but it does not display which service is critical, therefore, it is not sufficient to provide the detailed information on network monitoring. Figure 4.2 : Service Overview For All Host Groups

64 Host Status Details For All Host Groups Figure 4.3below shows the host groups overview of Nagios. As shown in the figure below, the host that defined earlier into localhost.cfg will be displayed in the host groups overview. The hosts are blog, conference, fkeubuntu, localhost and psm. These are the host available in FKE network and are being monitored here. The status UP indicates that the hosts are in good condition while the indication down shows the host failure, where the status information have also been stated, that the failure is due to the host check timed out. Figure 4.3 :Host Status Details For All Host Groups

65 Status Grid For All Host Groups Figure 4.4 is the status grid for all host groups. The status grid for all host groups shows the hosts available for the linux servers, where it displays the hosts in grid and it also displays the services assigned for each hosts. Unlike host group overview, status grid for all host groups do not display UP or DOWN but it uses colour that differs according to the status of the services and hosts. The red tone indicated that the system or host is down, and green tone indicates that the system is OK. The disadvantage of status grid for all host groups is that it doesn t display the status information that explains the cause of the downtime or failure. Figure 4.4 : Status Grid For All Host Groups

66 Nagios Notification Alert Figure 4.5 shows the notification service which will send alert to the administrator whenever downtime occurs. The notification command shows that the notification alerts have been sent via and SMS to the administrator. The Figure 4.6 tofigure 4.7 and the s received by the administrator. The alerts the administrators on the name of the host that failed, the faulty occurred in the host and the time of failure. The then will be converted to activity in Google Calender and will be sent to the administrator via SMS for immediate action to be taken. Figure 4.5 : Nagios Notification Alert Figure 4.6 : Notification

67 54 Figure 4.7 : Notification Content (Critical) Figure 4.8 shows the SMS received at the administrators whenever the downtime occurs. The SMS consists of the details of type of problem occurred in the servers, the status of problem, such as critical, warning or recovery, day, date and time the problem occurred and also the address of the administrator. Figure 4.8 : SMS Notification Content (Critical)

68 iphone Webpage and Webclip The configuration of iphone webclip and Webpage enable the administrators who own iphone to access to Nagios webpage anytime and anywhere they wish. The main concern of the idea is to provide convenience to the administrators besides upgrading Nagios a step closer as to the latest technology. The Figure 4.9 and Figure 4.10 show the webclip of Nagios to access Nagios from iphone and the authentication process for secured access to the monitoring website while Figure 4.11displays Nagios Webpage in iphone. Figure 4.9 :Nagios Webclip

69 56 Figure 4.10 :Nagios Authetication in iphone Figure 4.11 :Nagios Webpage in iphone

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