Das TOP500-Projekt der Universitäten Mannheim und Tennessee zur Evaluierung des Supercomputer Marktes. Hans-Werner Meuer Universität Mannheim
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1 Das TOP500-Projekt der Universitäten Mannheim und Tennessee zur Evaluierung des Supercomputer Marktes Hans-Werner Meuer Universität Mannheim Informatik - Kolloquium der Universität Passau 20. Juli 1999
2 Outline TOP500 Approach HPC-Market as of 6/99 Market Trends, Architecture Trends, Technology Trends WWW Service for TOP500
3 Background Information - Started in 6/93 by Jack J. Dongarra, Hans W. Meuer and Erich Strohmaier TOP500 Motivation - Basis for analysing the HCP market - Quantification of observations - Detection of trends (market, architecture, technology)
4 TOP500 Procedure Listing of the 500 most powerful Computers in the World for scientific/technical applications Yardstick: R max /LINPACK Updating halfyearly
5 TOP500 Limitations Snapshot in Time LINPACK R max overestimates MPP-Systems Actual Usage is unknown
6 TOP500 Status 1. List in June 1993 Accepted by Users and Manufacturers 13. List on June 12, 1999
7 Dongarra's TOP500 List of World's Fastest Supercomputers Released at Mannheim Conference CRPC researcher Jack Dongarra of the University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Laboratory is one of three renowned computer scientists who assemble the legendary TOP500 List of the world's fastest supercomputers. Released twice a year since 1993, the list features sites with the most powerful computer systems, determined with information from a questionnaire sent to high-performance computer (HPC) experts, computational scientists, manufacturers, and the Internet community at large. Dongarra, Hans Meuer of the University of Mannheim, and Erich Strohmaier of the University of Tennessee released their June 1999 TOP500 List at the 14th Mannheim Supercomputing Conference and Seminar, held June in Mannheim, Germany.
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9 TOP500 list - Data shown Manufacturer Manufacturer or vendor Computer Type indicated by manufacturer or vendor Inst. Site Customer Location Location and country Year Year of installation/last major update Field of Appl. Academic,Research,Industry,Vendor,Class. # Proc. Number of processors R max Maxmimal LINPACK performance achieved R peak Theoretical peak performance N max Problemsize for achieving R max N 1/2 Problemsize for achieving half of R max N world Position within the TOP500 ranking
10 TOP10 6/99 RANK MANU- FACTURER COMPUTER RMAX [GF/S] 1 Intel ASCI Red SGI ASCI Blue Mountain 1608 INSTALLATION SITE COUNTRY YEAR Sandia National Labs Albuquerque Los Alamos National Laboratory AREA OF INSTALLATION # PROCS USA 1999 Research 9472 USA 1998 Research SGI T3E Government USA 1998 Classified Hitachi SR8000/ University of Tokyo Japan 1999 Academic SGI T3E Government USA 1997 Classified SGI ORIGIN SGI T3E Los Alamos National Laboratory/ACL UK Meteorological Office Bracknell USA 1999 Research 2048 UK IBM SP Silver 547 IBM Poughkeepsie USA SGI T3E SGI T3E Naval Oceanographic Office, Bay Saint Louis UK Centre for Science Manchester USA 1999 Research/ Weather Research/ Energy Research/ Weather UK 1998 Academic 612
11 TOP10 6/99 RANK MANU- FACTURER COMPUTER RMAX [GF/S] 1 Intel ASCI Red SGI ASCI Blue Mountain 1608 INSTALLATION SITE COUNTRY YEAR Sandia National Labs Albuquerque Los Alamos National Laboratory AREA OF INSTALLATION # PROCS USA 1999 Research 9472 USA 1998 Research SGI T3E Government USA 1998 Classified Hitachi SR8000/ University of Tokyo Japan 1999 Academic SGI T3E Government USA 1997 Classified SGI ORIGIN SGI T3E Los Alamos National Laboratory/ACL UK Meteorological Office Bracknell USA 1999 Research 2048 UK IBM SP Silver 547 IBM Poughkeepsie USA SGI T3E SGI T3E Naval Oceanographic Office, Bay Saint Louis UK Centre for Science Manchester USA 1999 Research/ Weather Research/ Energy Research/ Weather UK 1998 Academic 612
12 TOP10 in Europe 6/99 RANK (EUROPE) RANK (WORLD) MANU- FACTURER COMPUTER RMAX [GF/S] 1 7 SGI T3E INSTALLATION SITE COUNTRY YEAR United Kingdom Meteorological Office UK 1997 AREA OF INSTALLATION Research/ Weather 2 10 SGI T3E UK Centre for Science UK 1998 Research 3 15 SGI T3E Deutscher Wetterdienst Germany SGI T3E SGI T3E Max-Planck-Gesellschaft MPI/IPP Forschungszentrum Juelich (FZJ) Research/ Weather Germany 1997 Research Germany 1999 Research 6 22 SGI T3E HWW/Universitaet Stuttgart Germany 1996 Industry 7 32 SGI T3E 234 Forschungszentrum Juelich (FZJ) Germany 1996 Research 8 36 SGI T3E CINECA Italy 1999 Academic 9 39 SGI T3E University of Edinburgh UK 1997 Academic Fujitsu VPP700/ ECMWF UK 1997 Research/ Weather
13 TOP10 in Europe 6/99 RANK (EUROPE) RANK (WORLD) MANU- FACTURER COMPUTER RMAX [GF/S] 1 7 SGI T3E INSTALLATION SITE COUNTRY YEAR United Kingdom Meteorological Office UK 1997 AREA OF INSTALLATION Research/ Weather 2 10 SGI T3E UK Centre for Science UK 1998 Research 3 15 SGI T3E Deutscher Wetterdienst Germany SGI T3E SGI T3E Max-Planck-Gesellschaft MPI/IPP Forschungszentrum Juelich (FZJ) Research/ Weather Germany 1997 Research Germany 1999 Research 6 22 SGI T3E HWW/Universitaet Stuttgart Germany 1996 Industry 7 32 SGI T3E 234 Forschungszentrum Juelich (FZJ) Germany 1996 Research 8 36 SGI T3E CINECA Italy 1999 Academic 9 39 SGI T3E University of Edinburgh UK 1997 Academic Fujitsu VPP700/ ECMWF UK 1997 Research/ Weather
14 Outline TOP500 Approach HPC-Market as of 6/99 Market Trends, Architecture Trends, Technology Trends WWW Service for TOP500
15 TOP 500 6/99 Japan 11% Others 2% Systems installed USA 60% Europe 27% Total: 500
16 TOP 500 6/99 Japan 14% Others 1% R max installed Europe 23% USA 62% Total: 39,1 Tflops
17 TOP 500 6/99 Systems Systems Installed In Manufactured In USA Japan Europe Other Total USA Japan Europe Total Systems R max [GFLOPS] Installed In Manufactured In USA Japan Europe Other Total USA , ,5 Japan 289,9 4201,3 844,2 89,5 5424,9 Europe Total ,3 8895, ,4
![[GFLOPS] Installed In Manufactured In USA Japan Europe Other Total USA 23902 1322 7991 407,5](/docs-images/50/15477576/images/page_17.jpg "33622,5 Japan 289,9 4201,3 844,2 89,5 5424,9 Europe 0 0 60 0 60 Total 24192 5523,3 8895,2 497")
18 Switzerl. Benelux Germany Spain France UK Italy GUS Scandin. 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% TOP 500 6/99 Number of systems installed in Europe Total: 134
19 Austr./Switz. Benelux Germany Spain France UK Italy Scandin. 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% TOP 500 6/99 R max installed in Europe Total: 8,8 Tflops
20 TOP 500 6/99 Bundesländer Baden-Württemberg 20 Bayern 16 Berlin # Systems Hamburg Hessen Niedersachsen 0 Jun 93 Nov 93 Jun 94 Nov 94 Jun 95 Nov 95 Jun 96 Nov 96 Jun 97 Nov 97 Jun 98 Nov 98 Jun 99 Nordrhein-Westfalen Rheinland-Pfalz
21 TOP 500 6/99 Bundesländer Brandenburg 3 Bremen # Systems 2 1 Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Saarland Sachsen Sachsen-Anhalt 0 Jun 93 Nov 93 Jun 94 Nov 94 Jun 95 Nov 95 Jun 96 Nov 96 Jun 97 Nov 97 Jun 98 Nov 98 Jun 99 Schleswig-Holstein Thüringen
22 HP Compaq Fujitsu Hitachi IBM Intel NEC SGI SUN Other 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% TOP 500 6/99 Number of systems installed Total: 500
23 TOP 500 6/ Europe - Manufacturers Total: 134 # Systems Fujitsu Others HP IBM NEC SGI Sun
24 Outline TOP500 Approach HPC-Market as of 6/99 Market Trends, Architecture Trends, Technology Trends WWW Service for TOP500
25 Performance Development TF/s Performance [GFlop/s] Intel XP/S140 Sandia 0.4 SNI VP200EX Uni Dresden Fujitsu 'NWT' NAL Cray Y-MP M94/4 KFA Jülich Fujitsu 'NWT' NAL Cray Y-MP C94/364 'EPA' USA N=1 Hitachi/Tsukuba CP-PACS/2048 N=500 SGI POWER CHALLANGE GOODYEAR Intel ASCI Red Sandia Sun Ultra HPC 1000 News International Intel ASCI Red Sandia Sun HPC Merril Lynch Intel ASCI Red Sandia 24.7 SGI T3E900/38 CIEMAT Jun-93 Nov-93 Jun-94 Nov-94 Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Jun-98 Nov-98 Jun-99
26 Performance Development Performance [GFlop/s] Intel XP/S140 Sandia 0.4 SNI VP200EX Uni Dresden Fujitsu 'NWT' NAL Cray Y-MP M94/4 KFA Jülich Fujitsu 'NWT' NAL Cray Y-MP C94/364 'EPA' USA SUM N=1 Hitachi/Tsukuba CP-PACS/2048 N=500 SGI POWER CHALLANGE GOODYEAR Intel ASCI Red Sandia Sun Ultra HPC 1000 News International Intel ASCI Red Sandia Sun HPC Merril Lynch Intel ASCI Red Sandia 24.7 SGI T3E900/38 CIEMAT Jun-93 Nov-93 Jun-94 Nov-94 Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Jun-98 Nov-98 Jun-99
27 Nov-98 Jun-99 Jun-98 Nov Continents others Japan Europe USA/Canada Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-94 Jun-94 Nov-93 Jun-93
28 Continents - Performance USA/Canada Japan Europe others Jun-99 Jun-93 Nov-93 Jun-94 Nov-94 Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Jun-98 Nov-98 Performance [GFlop/s]
29 Nov-98 Jun Europe - Countries others Switzerland Benelux Scandinavia France UK Germany Nov-94 Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Jun-98 Jun-94 Nov-93 Jun-93
30 Nov-98 Jun-99 Jun-98 Nov Producers Europe Japan USA Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Jun-95 Nov-94 Jun-94 Nov-93 Jun-93
31 Jun Producers - Performance USA Japan Europe Jun 93 Nov 93 Jun 94 Nov 94 Jun 95 Nov 95 Jun 96 Nov 96 Jun 97 Nov 97 Jun 98 Nov 98 Performance [GFlop/s]
32 Manufacturer others "Japan Inc" Intel TMC Convex/HP IBM Cray SGI Sun Nov-98 Jun-99 Jun-98 Jun-94 Nov-94 Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Nov-93 Jun-93
33 Manufacturer - Performance Cray/SGI IBM Sun Convex/HP TMC Intel "Japan Inc" Jun-93 Nov-93 Jun Nov-94 Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Jun-98 Nov-98 Jun-99 Performance [GFlop/s]
34 Manufacturers represented in TOP500 Lists Fujitsu... Hitachi... Intel... NEC... TMC... Compaq... Convex... Cray... Cray Computer... Digital... Hewlett-Packard... IBM... KSR... MasPar... Meiko... Ncube... Parsytec... SGI... Siemens... Sun... Jun 93 Nov 93 Jun 94 Nov 94 Jun 95 Nov 95 Jun 96 Nov 96 Jun 97 Nov 97 Jun 98 Nov 98 Jun 99
35 Nov-98 Jun-99 Jun Customer Type Vendor Classified Academic Industry Research Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Nov-94 Jun-94 Nov-93 Jun-93
36 Jun Industrial Applications unknown non floating point floating point Jun 94 Nov 94 Jun 95 Nov 95 Jun 96 Nov 96 Jun 97 Nov 97 Jun 98 Nov 98 Nov 93 Jun 93
37 Customer Type - Performance Research Industry Academic Classified Vendor 10 Jun-93 Jun-94 Jun-95 Jun-96 Jun-97 Jun-98 Jun-99 Performance [GFlop/s]
38 Nov-98 Jun-99 Jun Processor Type SIMD Vektor Scalar Nov-94 Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Jun-94 Nov-93 Jun-93
39 Nov-98 Jun-99 Jun Chip Technology ECL CMOS/ proprietary CMOS/ off the shelf Nov-94 Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Jun-94 Nov-93 Jun-93
40 Nov 98 Jun Chip Technology others Inmos Transputer SUN MIPS HP intel Power Alpha Nov 94 Jun 95 Nov 95 Jun 96 Nov 96 Jun 97 Nov 97 Jun 98 Jun 94 Nov 93 Jun 93
41 Architectures SIMD Cluster MPP SMP Single Processor NOW Nov 98 Jun 99 Jun 98 Nov 93 Jun 94 Nov 94 Jun 95 Nov 95 Jun 96 Nov 96 Jun 97 Nov 97 Jun 93
42 Excerpt from TOP500 RANK MANU- FACTURER COMPUTER RMAX INSTALLATION SITE COUNTRY YEAR AREA OF INSTALLATION 49 Compaq Alpha Server SC Compaq Computer Corp. Littleton # PROC USA 1999 Vendor Sun HPC 450 Cluster Sun, Burlington USA 1999 Vendor Self-made Cplant Cluster Sandia National Laboratories USA 1998 Research Self-made Avalon Cluster 48.6 Los Alamos National Lab/ CNLS USA 1998 Research Siemens hpcline Cluster 30.4 Universitaet Paderborn/PC2 Germany 1999 Academic Self-made Parnass2 Cluster 29.6 University of Bonn/ Applied Mathematic Germany 1999 Academic 128
43 Performance Development Sum N=1 N=10 N=100 N=500 Jun-93 Nov-93 Jun-94 Nov-94 Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Jun-98 Nov-98 Jun-99 Performance [GFlop/s]
44 Performance Development Sum N=1 N=10 N=100 N=500 Jun-93 Nov-93 Jun-94 Nov-94 Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Jun-98 Nov-98 Jun-99 Performance [GFlop/s]
45 Performance Development PFlop/s Sum 1 TFlop/s N=1 N=10 N= N=500 Jun-93 Jun-94 Jun-95 Jun-96 Jun-97 Jun-98 Jun-99 Jun-00 Jun-01 Jun-02 Jun-03 Jun-04 Jun-05 Performance [GFlop/s]
46 Outline TOP500 Approach HPC-Market as of 6/99 Market Trends, Architecture Trends, Technology Trends WWW Service for TOP500
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50 Vielen Dank für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit! Diese Powerpoint-Präsentationsfolien Präsentationsfolien können Sie unter folgender URL herunterladen:
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