The Economic Impact of Piedmont Virginia Community College Upon Its Service Region ( )
|
|
- Blaise Montgomery
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Economic Impact of Piedmont Virginia Community College Upon Its Service Region ( ) By Ronald B. Head, Executive Director Planning and Information Technology Office of Institutional Research Piedmont Virginia Community College Charlottesville, Virginia Research Report No November 1997
2 The Economic Impact of Piedmont Virginia Community College Upon Its Service Region ( ) Table of Contents Introduction...1 Methodology...2 Results...4 Conclusions...7 Selected Bibliography...8 i
3 The Economic Impact of Piedmont Virginia Community College Upon Its Service Region ( ) List of Tables Table 1: Economic Impact of PVCC Upon Its Service Region...4 Table 2: Economic Impact of PVCC Upon the State...6 Table 3: Comparison of PVCC Economic Impact Figures Between and ii
4 The Economic Impact of Piedmont Virginia Community College Upon Its Service Region ( ) Introduction Piedmont Virginia Community College (PVCC) plays a major role in the geographical region it serves, providing citizens from the counties of Albemarle, Buckingham, Fluvanna, Greene, Louisa, and Nelson, as well as from the City of Charlottesville, with the education and skills they need to lead more rewarding personal and professional lives. Study at PVCC leads to two-year degrees and certificates and allows students to transfer to four-year colleges and universities, obtain jobs, develop professional skills, and acquire knowledge to enrich their personal lives. In addition to serving individual students, the college provides workforce training to regional businesses and industries, economic development services to both businesses and government, and cultural events such as plays, art exhibitions, and lectures. One role often overlooked is economic. PVCC produces jobs, and its employees and students consume goods, utilize services, own or rent property, and invest financially in the community. Funds are circulated throughout the local economy through college expenditures, purchases of goods and services, salary payments, and capital construction. These funds, in turn, stimulate the local economy, leading to new jobs and additional spending. In short, the college has a significant economic impact upon the region it services. The economic impact of the college was measured four years ago, and the results were published in The Economic Impact of Piedmont Virginia Community College Upon Its Service Region (PVCC Institutional Research Report No. 2-94, March 1994). At that time, the college had a direct economic impact of 12.6 million dollars and a total estimated economic impact of 24.8 million dollars. Two-hundred twenty-six additional jobs were generated within the service region as a result of the college's presence, and for every dollar paid by service region localities, the college generated $1,629. Both the college and the economy have changed considerably in four years. These changes undoubtedly have affected the figures reported in the 1994 economic impact study. To determine whether in fact the economic impact of the college upon the service region has changed during this time prompted this present study. Its purpose was to replicate the findings of the earlier study. 1
5 Methodology In the March 1994 study, three different models were used to calculate the economic impact of PVCC upon its service region. The first was a model specifically designed by Dr. G. Jeremiah Ryan for community colleges, termed the "short cut" method; the second was a refined and improved version of the "short cut" method, developed by the Two-Year College Committee of the Eastern Association of College and University Business Officers (EACUBO);. The third was a model called IMPAC (IMPact Analysis for the Commonwealth), designed by the Virginia Employment Commission (VEC). To understand why these three different models were employed requires some background information. The model used most commonly to measure a college's economic impact was developed in 1971 by John Caffrey and Herbert Isaacs. This model depends upon numerous surveys to faculty, staff, students, local businesses, and community residents and relies heavily upon multiplier analysis to estimate indirect economic impact. It is a difficult model to implement and is less applicable to community colleges than to fouryear colleges or universities. As Ryan and Malgieri have noted, three objections to the Caffrey and Isaacs model exist when it is applied to community colleges: First, several of the economic estimates presented by Caffrey and Isaacs are either inappropriate or less appropriate for use by community college personnel.... Second, the survey of faculty and staff designed to produce estimates of their local spending presents a problem. This survey, which may be adapted for local purposes, presents several problems to the community college administrator who wishes to estimate the economic impact of his community college: the survey is difficult to adapt for a community college; the response rate among students is often too low to yield reliable information; and, most importantly, the development and implementation of the survey is a time-consuming task.... Third, a problem exists with the retail gravity model that was designed to enable researchers to determine the percentage of non-housing expenditures that an individual is likely to make in his local environment. The model is based on the gravity theory which states that the amount of money spent for non-housing expenditures is inversely proportional to the square of the distance to the point of purchase. This model presents certain problems to the community college economic impact estimator: The inherent mathematical complexity of the concept; the difficulty in obtaining appropriate retail sales data; and the difficulty in operationalizing a "sales area." [Ryan and Malgieri, 1992, pp. 4-5] Because of these objections, the "short cut" method was developed, and because both an improved version of the "short cut" method (the EACUBO model) and a statewide model (IMPAC) were available, the 1994 study presented results based upon three different economic impact models. This present study relies solely upon the EACUBO model and uses data. It is figures derived from the EACUBO model which have proved most useful to college officials when discussing the economic impact of PVCC upon its service region. The reason for this is that the EACUBO model is more accurate and sophisticated than the "short cut" model and is more applicable to community 2
6 colleges than the IMPAC model. There are limitations to the EACUBO model, however. As noted by its developers, Any study of this type only provides estimates of the real economic impact that colleges have on an area. Not included in this model are the following: expansion of the credit base of local banks due to college-related deposits expenditures by visitors to college-related events state and local taxes paid by employees increases in sales tax revenue due to college-related expenditures estimates of tax revenues foregone because of college property being tax-exempt These exclusions insure underestimation of the actual economic impact while simplifying data collection. [EACUBO, 1989, p. A9] One further limitation specific to PVCC which should be mentioned is that the capital construction costs of the new humanities and social sciences building, which began construction in , are not included. Before presenting results of the EACUBO model, it is worth discussing briefly the multiplier effect in economic impact analysis, because this is what drives the total estimated economic impact of an institution upon its community. The multiplier effect is based upon the notion that a portion of the money spent locally by residents results in additional jobs and services. As Caffrey and Isaacs note, approximately 35 cents of every dollar spent by community residents in local businesses is returned to the spenders as income. The remaining 65 cents is spent by the businesses for supplies and services from other businesses-- locally, statewide, and nationally. A portion of this, again, is spent on additional supplies and services, and this cycle continues, with diminishing returns each time, until eventually the income received by local residents from the initial dollar spent totals approximately 66 cents. The ratio of the total income, 66 cents, to the initial income received, 35 cents, is typically almost two to one, so that if a college has a direct economic impact of, say, $1,500,000, the indirect economic impact, using the multiplier of two, would be $3,000,000. Two multipliers are required by the EACUBO model, one for the local region and one for the state. Depending upon the geographical region of the country in which a community college is located, local multipliers range from 1.2 to 3.0, with 1.9 being an average. State multipliers are slightly higher, because states have such varied economic bases that fewer dollars are spent in neighboring states. The multiplier figures themselves are obtained from RIMS II (Regional Input-Output Modeling System), published by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. RIMS II consists of voluminous tables of input-output coefficients. 3
7 The multiplier selected from RIMS II for the local economy, 1.956, is the household sector multiplier for the Charlottesville MSA (Metropolitan Statistical Area). For the state as a whole, a multiplier of 2.10 was selected. Results Table 1 presents the economic impact of PVCC upon the service region. As can be seen, college expenditures within the service region included expenditures in the region by PVCC ($757,183), as well as student activity expenditures ($15,381), for a total of $772,564. Full-time students spent $5,172,930 within the service region, and part-time students spent $7,804,980, for a total of $12,977,910. Table 1: Economic Impact of PVCC Upon Its Service Region Item Amount College expenditures in service region $757,183 Student activity expenditures in service region $15,381 Total college expenditures in service region $772,564 Disposable income of service region employees spent in region on non-housing items $1,873,955 Expenditures of non-service region employees in-region on non-housing items (full-time) $11,000 Expenditures of non-service region employees in-region on non-housing items (part-time) $18,500 Rental expenditures by full-time college staff living in service region $269,422 Total employee expenditures $2,172,877 Expenditures by full-time students $5,172,930 Expenditures by part-time students $7,804,980 Total student expenditures $12,977,910 Total direct economic impact of PVCC on the service region $15,923,351 Mulitiplier effect Total estimated economic impact of PCC on the service region $31,146,075 Full-time employees living in the service region 213 Jobs related to PVCC 639 Full-time employment related to PVCC 852 Ratio of local government contribution to total economic impact $1.00 to $1,
8 Employee expenditures included $1,873,955 spent on non-housing items within the service region by employees living within the service region; $29,500 spent on non-housing items within the service region by employees living outside the service region; and $269,422 in rental expenditures by full-time college staff living within the service region. Rental expenditures were based upon 1990 census data. The total for employee expenditures was $2,172,877.. Combining college, employee, and student expenditures, the direct economic impact of PVCC upon its service region in was $15,923,351. Using multiplier analysis, the total estimated economic impact was $31,146,075. A total of 639 full-time jobs were directly related to the college. This figure is based upon FTE (full-time equivalent) figures derived from the model. A total of 852 full-time jobs were either directly or indirectly related to PVCC. What this means is that 213 additional jobs exist within the service region because of opportunities provided by the college. As far as the college's impact upon the State of Virginia as a whole, the direct economic impact was $16,224,436, and the total estimated impact was $34,071,316 (see Table 2). Six-hundred fifty-one full-time jobs were directly related to PVCC, and 885 were directly or indirectly related to the college throughout the Commonwealth. 5
9 Table 2: Economic Impact of PVCC Upon the State Item Amount College expenditures in State $875,493 Student activity expenditures in State $17,784 Total college expenditures in State $893,277 Employee non-housing expenditures $2,058,711 Expenditures of out-of-state employees in-state on nonhousing items (full-time) $0 Expenditures of out-of-state employees in-state on nonhousing items (part-time) $0 Rental expenditures by full-time college staff living in service region $294,538 Total employee expenditures $2,353,249 Expenditures by full-time students $5,172,930 Expenditures by part-time students $7,804,980 Total student expenditures $12,977,910 Total direct economic impact of PVCC on the service region $16,224,436 Mulitiplier effect 2.1 Total estimated economic impact of PCC on the service region $34,071,316 Full-time employees living in the service region 234 Jobs related to PVCC 651 Full-time employment related to PVCC 885 Ratio of local government contribution to total economic impact $1.00 to $6.20 As should be evident from these figures, in terms of economic investment, PVCC is a bargain. For every dollar of state funds invested in the college, $6.20 is returned, and for every dollar of local funds invested, $1, is returned. A comparison of these figures with figures used in the 1994 economic impact study is presented in Table 3. As can be seen, both the direct economic impact upon the service region and the total estimated impact have increased by 26% in four years. One-hundred thirty-two more full-time jobs within the service region are directly attributable to PVCC, and 125 more full-time job opportunities are provided by the college. The sponsor ratio for the service region has declined slightly, but for the state, it has risen. These changes in sponsor ratio are the result of declining state support and increasing local government support of community colleges within the last four years. 6
10 Table 3: Comparison of PVCC Economic Impact Figures Between and Item Figures Figures Difference Service Region College expenditures $772,564 $240,647 $531,917 Employee expenditures $2,172,877 $1,660,437 $512,440 Student expenditures $12,977,910 $10,741,680 $2,236,230 Direct economic impact $15,923,351 $12,642,764 $3,280,587 Total estimated economic Impact $31,146,075 $24,729,299 $6,416,776 Jobs related to PVCC Total full-time employment related to PVCC Ratio of local government contribution to total economic impact $1.00 to $1.00 to $1, $1, $26.52 State College expenditures $893,277 $1,203,368 -$310,091 Employee expenditures $2,353,249 $1,782,294 $570,955 Student expenditures $12,977,910 $10,741,680 $2,236,230 Direct economic impact $16,224,436 $13,727,342 $2,497,094 Total estimated economic Impact $34,071,316 $26,850,681 $7,220,635 Jobs related to PVCC Total full-time employment related to PVCC Ratio of State contribution to total economic impact $1.00 to $6.20 $1.00 to $6.13 $0.07 Conclusions In summary, PVCC has a direct economic impact upon the service region of nearly 16 million dollars and a total estimated impact of 31 million dollars. Two-hundred thirteen additional jobs exist within the service region because the college is located there. For every local dollar spent in support of PVCC, $1, is generated. The college's impact upon the state is even greater. The direct economic impact is over 16 million dollars and the total estimated impact is 34 million dollars. Two-hundred twenty-four additional jobs exist within the state because of PVCC's presence. Even though the college is heavily subsidized by the state, for every state dollar spent, the college returns $6.20. Clearly, PVCC has a considerable economic impact upon the region it serves. Economically, as well as educationally, the college is certainly one of the best bargains around. For every dollar spent by localities in support of the college, nearly $1,600 is returned. Few investments yield this rate of return, and viewed from this perspective, PVCC is an investor's dream. 7
11 Selected Bibliography Caffrey, John, and Isaacs, Herbert H., Estimating the Impact of a College or University on the Local Economy (Washington, D.C.: American Council of Education, 1971). Eastern Association of College and University Business Officers, Two-Year College Committee, The Economic Impact of Colleges on Their Communities and States (Jamestown, NY: Jamestown Community College, 1989). Head, Ronald B., The Economic Impact of Piedmont Virginia Community College Upon Its Service Region, PVCC Institutional Research Report No (Charlottesville, VA: Piedmont Virginia Community College, March 1994). Knapp, John L., Fox, Tyler J., McGrath, Richard D., and Cox, Robert W., The University of Virginia's Impact on the Charlottesville Metropolitan Area (Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia, Center for Public Service, October 1990). Lang, Ann D., An Economic Impact Analysis of the Piedmont Virginia Community College (Richmond, VA: Virginia Employment Commission, Economic Information Services, March 1994). Ryan, G. Jeremiah, and Malgieri, Patricia, Economic Impact Studies in Community Colleges: The Short Cut Method, Paper No. 48 (National Council for Resource Development Resource, February 1992). U.S. Department of Commerce, Regional Multipliers: A User Handbook for the Regional Input-Output Modeling System (RIMS II) (Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Economic Analysis, May 1986). 8
DOCUIENT RESUME ***********A***********************************************************
DOCUIENT RESUME ED 322 979 JC 900 482 AUTHOR Andrews, William M.; Lillibridge, Fred TITLE El Paso Community College Economic Impact Study. INSTITUTION El Paso Community Coll., Tex. PUB DATE Aug 90 NOTE
More informationThe Economic Impact of AAMC-Member Medical Schools and Teaching Hospitals
The Economic Impact of AAMC-Member Medical Schools and Teaching Hospitals Conducted for the AAMC by Tripp Umbach September 2009 Association of American Medical Colleges For additional information about
More informationThe Economic Impact Of Minnesota s State Colleges And Universities. An Update
The Economic Impact Of Minnesota s State Colleges And Universities An Update a report prepared for MnSCU August, 2002 Anton, Lubov & Associates, Inc. 15 South Fifth Street, Suite 765 Minneapolis, Minnesota
More informationEstimating the Effects of Spending
Economic Impacts of Protecting Rivers, Trails, and Greenway Corridors Estimating the Effects of Spending Contents Page Direct, Indirect, and Induced Effects 6-3 Multipliers 6-5 Economic Impact Models 6-7
More informationThe Economic Impact of Texas State University
The Economic Impact of Texas State University James P. LeSage 1 Fields Endowed Chair for Urban and Regional Economics McCoy College of Business Administration Department of Finance and Economics Texas
More informationVII. DIRECT, INDIRECT, AND INDUCED ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF UC SAN DIEGO
VII. DIRECT, INDIRECT, AND INDUCED ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF UC SAN DIEGO THE CONCEPT OF INDIRECT AND INDUCED ECONOMIC IMPACTS The impact of UC San Diego on the local, regional, and state economies is greater
More informationThe local economic impact of Bemidji State University
The local economic impact of Bemidji State University A U G U S T 2 0 0 7 The local economic impact of August 2007 Prepared by: Paul A. Anton and Allen Burns Wilder Research 1295 Bandana Boulevard North,
More informationplanning market analysis & site location services Economic Impact Analysis:
market analysis planning Economic Impact Analysis: The economic benefits achieved in Texas as a result of collecting sales taxes from online-only retailers March 2011 & site location services INTRODUCTION
More informationhigher Education and Its Effects on the Washington s Economy
` Chapter VI: Public Benefits of Higher Education ` Higher education opens the door to more jobs in today s economy The number of jobs requiring higher levels of education has increased substantially,
More informationThe Economic Impact of Virginia Wesleyan College in Hampton Roads June 2013
The Economic Impact of Virginia Wesleyan College in Hampton Roads June 2013 By James V. Koch Board of Visitors Professor of Economics Old Dominion University Norfolk, Virginia 23529 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Virginia
More informationB-286237. September 26, 2000. The Honorable William F. Goodling Chairman, Committee on Education and the Workforce House of Representatives
United States General Accounting Office Washington, DC 20548 Health, Education, and Human Services Division B-286237 September 26, 2000 The Honorable William F. Goodling Chairman, Committee on Education
More informationMassachusetts Community Colleges
Massachusetts Community Colleges CONTENTS Executive Summary... 1 The Massachusetts Community Colleges - Benefits to Students and the Commonwealth... 3 The Massachusetts Community Colleges - Benefits to
More informationNCICU EXECUTIVE SUMMARY DEMONSTRATING THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF NORTH CAROLINA S INDEPENDENT COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES FEBRUARY 2015
NCICU EXECUTIVE SUMMARY DEMONSTRATING THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF NORTH CAROLINA S INDEPENDENT COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES FEBRUARY 2015 FEBRUARY 2015 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY North Carolina Independent
More information1960-61. United States
61-61 United States By, the U.S. population had surpassed 179 million, a gain of 19.0 percent from. The median age had decreased to 29.5 (28.7 for men and.3 for women), the first decline since 1900. The
More informationBusiness and Technology Incubator Economic Impact Analysis
Missouri University of Science and Technology Business and Technology Incubator Economic Impact Analysis Prepared by: The Office of Technology Transfer and Economic Development May 19, 2009 2009 Table
More informationThe Economic Impact of Technical College System of Georgia Institutions on their Service Delivery Areas Economies in FY 2012
The Economic Impact of Technical College System of Georgia Institutions on their Service Delivery Areas Economies in FY 2012 January 2014 A Study Commissioned by The Technical College System of Georgia
More information1.0 TUITION AND FEES. Trends in College Pricing 2014 by the College Board.
1.0 TUITION AND FEES 1.1 National Trends Concerns over the rising costs of higher education have been raised for many years and have significantly influenced state policies regarding tuition and fees.
More informationRICHMOND, VA NASHVILLE, TN COMPARISON
RICHMOND, VA NASHVILLE, TN COMPARISON BOUNDARIES 1: The Richmond MSA The Richmond MSA consists of 13 counties and 17 jurisdictions with a land area of 4,667 square miles. It includes the four cities of
More informationTHE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF SELECTED PROFESSIONALS ON THE ECONOMY OF THE STATE OF NEVADA
TECHNICAL REPORT UCED 2005/06-27 THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF SELECTED PROFESSIONALS ON THE ECONOMY OF THE STATE OF NEVADA UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, RENO THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF SELECTED PROFESSIONALS ON THE ECONOMY
More informationThe Economic Impact of the New Hospital on the Economy of Drumright, Creek County, Oklahoma
The Economic Impact of the New Hospital on the Economy of Drumright, Creek County, Oklahoma Drumright Creek County Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service Oklahoma Office of Rural Health Rural Health Policy
More informationThe Economic Effect of Urban Colleges on their Surrounding Communities
Urban Studies, Vol. 42, No. 7, 1161 1175, June 2005 The Economic Effect of Urban Colleges on their Surrounding Communities Annette Steinacker [Paper first received, January 2004; in final form, September
More informationTHE PROJECTED ECONOMIC AND FISCAL IMPACTS OF A TENNESSEE HISTORIC REHABILITATION INVESTMENT INCENTIVE
THE PROJECTED ECONOMIC AND FISCAL IMPACTS OF A TENNESSEE HISTORIC REHABILITATION INVESTMENT INCENTIVE February 2014 Prepared by: Economic Impact Group, LLC. Copyright 2014 Economic Impact Group, LLC. EXECUTIVE
More informationbillion paid to private sector workers during 2012. Focus on Meeting and Convention Segment. The convention and
Executive Summary Applied Analysis was retained by the Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority (the LVCVA ) to review and analyze the economic impacts associated with its various operations and southern
More informationTHE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA HOW A MAJOR RESEARCH UNIVERSITY AFFECTS THE LOCAL AND STATE ECONOMIES
THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA HOW A MAJOR RESEARCH UNIVERSITY AFFECTS THE LOCAL AND STATE ECONOMIES WELDON COOPER CENTER FOR PUBLIC SERVICE University of Virginia P. O. Box 400206 Charlottesville,
More informationCity Council Budget Worksession
City Council Budget Worksession Agenda and Materials December 19, 2013 Basement Conference Room, 6:00 8:00PM 1. FY 2015 Budget Process Update 2. FY 2015-2019 Revenue and Expenditure Projections and Long
More informationHigher Education Employment Report
Higher Education Employment Report First Quarter 2015 / Published May 2015 Executive Summary The number of jobs in higher education noticeably declined in 2015. This is in contrast to the past two years
More informationThe local economic impact of Inver Hills Community College
The local economic impact of Inver Hills Community College A U G U S T 2 0 0 7 The local economic impact of August 2007 Prepared by: Paul A. Anton Wilder Research 1295 Bandana Boulevard North, Suite 210
More informationTHE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF AEROSPACE AND DEFENSE FIRMS ON THE STATE OF ARIZONA
THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF AEROSPACE AND DEFENSE FIRMS ON THE STATE OF ARIZONA Final Report September 2010 L. William Seidman Research Institute W. P. Carey School of Business Arizona State University Tempe,
More informationTHE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF BICYCLING IN COLORADO. Summary of Findings
THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF BICYCLING IN COLORADO Summary of Findings Total economic benefit from bicycling in Colorado is over $1 billion annually Manufacturing Total annual revenue $763 million 513 FTEs -
More informationWest Piedmont Workforce Investment Network (WIA) And Career Training
The Regional Economic Impact of the West Piedmont Workforce Investment Network January 2009 Mangum Economic Consulting, LLC is a Richmond, Virginia based firm that specializes in producing objective economic,
More informationSIX-YEAR PLAN: ADDRESSING TOP JOBS 21 THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
SIX-YEAR PLAN: ADDRESSING TOP JOBS 21 THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA September 2011 Every student in Virginia deserves the opportunity to get a high-quality education at an affordable price. Virginia s higher
More informationAnalysis Brief. Trends in Public Higher Education: Enrollment, Prices, Student Aid, Revenues, and Expenditures
Analysis Brief Trends in Higher Education Series Trends in Public Higher Education: Enrollment, Prices, Student Aid, Revenues, and Expenditures Sandy Baum Senior Fellow, George Washington University Graduate
More informationECONOMIC IMPACT TOOL: SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS Cherokee Hills National Scenic Byway CASE STUDY AMERICA S BYWAYS RESOURCE CENTER AUGUST 16, 2012
AMERICA S BYWAYS RESOURCE CENTER ECONOMIC IMPACT TOOL: SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS Cherokee Hills National Scenic Byway CASE STUDY AUGUST 16, 2012 mountainview@utah.gov www.udot.utah.gov/mountainview CONTENTS
More informationEconomic Impacts of the University of California, Riverside
Economic Impacts of the University of California, Riverside Fiscal Year 2009-10 Prepared for: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE Prepared by: CBRE CONSULTING Page intentionally left blank for duplex printing
More informationPrepared. for: Motion. Picture. Prepared HR&A. Advisors, 99
Economic and Fiscal Impacts of the New York State Film Production Tax Credit Prepared for: Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) December 3, 2012 Prepared by: HR&A Advisors, Inc. 99 Hudson St, Third
More informationThe Economic Impact of Commercial Airports in 2010
The Economic Impact of Commercial Airports in 2010 January 2012 Prepared for: Airports Council International North America Prepared by: CDM Smith 8805 Governor s Hill Drive Cincinnati, Ohio 45249 Table
More informationEli Lilly. and Company. in Indiana
Economic Eli Lilly Impact of and Company in Indiana The Economic Impact of Eli Lilly and Company on the State of Indiana and the Indianapolis-Carmel Metropolitan Statistical Area June 2009 Prepared by
More informationHow Equal Pay for Working Women would Reduce Poverty and Grow the American Economy*
IWPR #C411 January 2014 How Equal Pay for Working Women would Reduce Poverty and Grow the American Economy* Heidi Hartmann, Ph.D., Jeffrey Hayes, Ph.D., and Jennifer Clark Persistent earnings inequality
More informationOffice of the President Phone: 774.455.7710 333 South Street, Suite 400 Fax: 774-455-7730
Office of the President Phone: 774.455.7710 333 South Street, Suite 400 Fax: 774-455-7730 Shrewsbury, Massachusetts 01545 www.massachusetts.edu As part of the Commonwealth s budget process, the University
More informationFlickr: Randy Pertiet. Baltimore s Inner Harbor: Economic Impact, Importance, and Opportunities for Investment October 31, 2013
Flickr: Randy Pertiet Baltimore s Inner Harbor: Economic Impact, Importance, and Opportunities for Investment October 31, 2013 Executive Summary: Baltimore s Inner Harbor drives substantial economic and
More informationThe Contributions of the Film & Video Production Industries to Oregon s Economy in 2005
The Contributions of the Film & Video Production Industries to Oregon s Economy in 2005 An Economic Impact Analysis for the Oregon Film & Video Office ECONOMICS FINANCE PLANNING 888 SW Fifth Avenue Suite
More informationEvaluating the Economic Impact of Film Production Incentives in South Carolina
Evaluating the Economic Impact of Film Production Incentives in South Carolina Prepared by Division of Research Douglas Woodward, Ph.D. Director, Division of Research Professor of Economics Paulo Guimaraes,
More informationPUBLIC DISCLOSURE. March 02, 2009 COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT ACT PERFORMANCE EVALUATION. First National Bank of Michigan Charter Number 24637
O SMALL BANK Comptroller of the Currency Administrator of National Banks Washington, DC 20219 PUBLIC DISCLOSURE March 02, 2009 COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT ACT PERFORMANCE EVALUATION First National Bank of Michigan
More informationThe Economic Impact of the Health Sector on the Economy of Dallas County, Iowa a. Daniel Otto and Georgeanne Artz b
The Economic Impact of the Health Sector on the Economy of Dallas County, Iowa a Daniel Otto and Georgeanne Artz b The importance of medical and health facilities as community service providers is well
More informationIntroduction. Current methodology
Estimation of Software in the U.S. National Accounts: New Developments by Carol Moylan Bureau of Economic Analysis U. S. Department of Commerce Washington, DC 20230, USA Introduction In 1999, as part of
More informationThe Economic Impact of N.C. A&T
Value DEMONSTRATING THE ECONOMIC OF NORTH CAROLINA A&T STATE UNIVERSITY TO THE PIEDMONT TRIAD AND THE STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA JANUARY 2015 NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL AND TECHNICAL STATE UNIVERSITY (N.C.
More informationThe New indicator of Minnesota - A SimpleYet Complex Idea
J Minnesota will have sustainable, strong economic growth Previous wording: Minnesota will have sustained, above average, strong economic growth that is consistent with environmental protection 1990 1993
More information2001-02 Tuition and Fee Report. Virginia s State-Supported Colleges and Universities
STATE COUNCIL OF HIGHER EDUCATION FOR VIRGINIA 2001-02 Tuition and Fee Report Virginia s State-Supported Colleges and Universities JUNE 20, 2001 A SCHEV REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Virginia s college affordability
More informationEconomic Impact of Redeveloping The World Trade Center Site: New York City, New York State, And the New York-New Jersey Area
Economic Impact of Redeveloping The World Trade Center Site: New York City, New York State, And the New York-New Jersey Area Appleseed October 30, 2003 Executive Summary The redevelopment of the World
More informationA Status Report on Advancing Virginia Through Higher Education: The Systemwide Strategic Plan For Higher Education in Virginia
October 23, 2006 A Status Report on Advancing Virginia Through Higher Education: The Systemwide Strategic Plan For Higher Education in Virginia State Council of Higher Education for Virginia Advancing
More informationPROFILE OF CHANGES IN COLORADO PUBLIC SCHOOL FUNDING
PROFILE OF CHANGES IN COLORADO PUBLIC SCHOOL FUNDING 988-89 TO 998-99 Prepared for THE COLORADO SCHOOL FINANCE PROJECT Colorado Association of School Boards Colorado Association of School Executives Colorado
More informationChanges in Self-Employment: 2010 to 2011
Changes in Self-Employment: 2010 to 2011 American Community Survey Briefs By China Layne Issued January 2013 ACSBR/11-21 INTRODUCTION From December 2007 to June 2009, the United States experienced an economic
More informationThe economic impact of Minnesota State Colleges and Universities
The economic impact of Minnesota State Colleges and Universities F E B R U A R Y 2 0 1 3 The economic impact of Minnesota State Colleges and Universities February 2013 Prepared by: Jose Y. Diaz and Gabriel
More informationNational Heavy Duty Truck Transportation Efficiency Macroeconomic Impact Analysis
National Heavy Duty Truck Transportation Efficiency Macroeconomic Impact Analysis Prepared for the: Union of Concerned Scientists 2397 Shattuck Ave., Suite 203 Berkeley, CA 94704 Prepared by: Marshall
More informationFederal Student Loan Debt: 1993 to 2004
Issue Brief June 2005 Federal Student Loan Debt: 1993 to 2004 University officials, lenders, and policy makers typically monitor annual federal student loan volume (the number of loans made and the total
More informationMeasurement of Economic Costs in School Programs for Children and Youth Introduction Opportunity Cost and Resource Use
Measurement of Economic Costs in School Programs for Children and Youth Eric Slade, Ph.D. Center for School Mental Health Analysis and Action Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University of Maryland
More informationHow To Study The Trends In Higher Education In California
RAND Trends in the California Higher Education Sector and Its Environment Cathy Krop, Stephen Carroll, Carlos Rivera DRU-1622IET January 1997 Prepared for the California Education Roundtable lnstititute
More informationThe Impact of American University on the District of Columbia Economy. Research Summary
The Impact of American University on the District of Columbia Economy Research Summary Prepared for The Consortium of Universities of the Washington Area By Stephen S. Fuller, Ph.D. Dwight Schar Faculty
More informationRICHMOND, VA TAMPA, FL COMPARISON
RICHMOND, VA TAMPA, FL COMPARISON BOUNDARIES 1: The Richmond MSA The Richmond MSA consists of 20 jurisdictions and has a land area of 5,717 square miles. It includes the 4 cities of Richmond, Petersburg,
More informationMEMORANDUM. Discussion of the Requirements for the Alien Entrepreneur (EB-5) Immigrant Visa
Tel: (808) 542-5572 Law Offices of KahBo Dye-Chiew 201 Merchant Street, Suite 2302 Honolulu, Hawaii 96813 Email: kdyechiew@gmail.com MEMORANDUM RE: Discussion of the Requirements for the Alien Entrepreneur
More informationWorkforce Training Results Report
Report December 2008 Secondary Career and Technical Education (CTE) Secondary CTE serves high school age youth in approximately 238 school districts and 10 Skills Centers throughout the state, preparing
More informationEconomic Impact Analysis of PSE&G s Capital Expenditure Program
Economic Impact Analysis of PSE&G s Capital Expenditure Program Submitted to: PSE&G June 2014 Joseph J. Seneca, Michael L. Lahr, Will Irving Contents Introduction... 1 Project Expenditure Data... 2 Methodology...
More informationThe Economic Impact of a Rural Dentist Gerald A. Doeksen, Fred C. Eilrich and Cheryl F. St. Clair, National Center for Rural Health Works
National Center for Rural Health Works www.ruralhealthworks.org August 2014 Research Study The Economic of a Rural Dentist Gerald A. Doeksen, Fred C. Eilrich and Cheryl F. St. Clair, National Center for
More informationNOV 2015. The ECONOMIC VALUE of IDAHO PUBLIC COLLEGES & UNIVERSITIES. Main Report. Analysis of the Economic Impact & Return on Investment of Education
NOV 2015 The ECONOMIC VALUE of IDAHO PUBLIC COLLEGES & UNIVERSITIES Main Report Analysis of the Economic Impact & Return on Investment of Education 1 CONTENTS 4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 Economic
More informationNYS Community Development Block Grant PROGRAM GUIDELINES
ANDREW M. CUOMO GOVERNOR DARRYL C. TOWNS COMMISSIONER/CEO NYS Community Development Block Grant Economic Development Small Business Assistance PROGRAM GUIDELINES TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND...
More informationPUBLIC DISCLOSURE. January 22, 2007 COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT ACT PERFORMANCE EVALUATION. Virginia Heritage Bank. 11166 Fairfax Boulevard
PUBLIC DISCLOSURE January 22, 2007 COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT ACT PERFORMANCE EVALUATION Virginia Heritage Bank 3374298 11166 Fairfax Boulevard Fairfax, Virginia 22030 Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond P. O.
More informationTHE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF THE PORTS OF LOUISIANA AND THE MARITIME INDUSTRY
THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF THE PORTS OF LOUISIANA AND THE MARITIME INDUSTRY Prepared by: TIMOTHY P. RYAN UNIVERSITY OF NEW ORLEANS February, 2001 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The ports of Louisiana and the maritime
More informationStatistical appendix. A.1 Introduction
A Statistical appendix A.1 Introduction This appendix contains contextual information to assist the interpretation of the performance indicators presented in the Report. The following four key factors
More informationPolicy Brief June 2010
Policy Brief June 2010 Pension Tension: Understanding Arizona s Public Employee Retirement Plans The Arizona Chamber Foundation (501(c)3) is a non-partisan, objective educational and research foundation.
More informationServing the Community Well:
Serving the Community Well: The Economic Impact of Wichita s Health Care and Related Industries 2014 Prepared for the Physicians who care for our patients, our community and our profession Economic impact
More informationAn Examination of the Graduation Rates and Enrollment Trends in Industrial Technology Baccalaureate Programs from 1988-1998
Volume 17, Number 3 - May 21 to July 21 An Examination of the Graduation Rates and Enrollment Trends in Industrial Technology Baccalaureate Programs from 1988-1998 By Dr. Tao C. Chang & Dr. John C. Dugger
More informationTrends in Higher Education Series. Trends in College Pricing
Trends in Higher Education Series Trends in College Pricing 2006 Introduction This report, based on the College Board s Annual Survey of Colleges, provides up-to-date information on tuition and other expenses
More informationBOR: The Challenge and the Opportunity. BOR Meeting, March 15, 2012
BOR: The Challenge and the Opportunity BOR Meeting, March 15, 2012 Educational success as a driver of economic success If state policymakers want to improve their state s economic performance, then they
More informationENROLLMENT PROJECTIONS MARYLAND PUBLIC COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES. June 2013 (Updated 7/19/2013)
ENROLLMENT PROJECTIONS 2013 2022 MARYLAND PUBLIC COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES June 2013 (Updated 7/19/2013) MARYLAND HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION 6 North Liberty Street 10 th Floor Baltimore, MD 21201 Maryland
More informationVIDEO GAMES. 21 the st CENTURY THE 2014 REPORT BY STEPHEN E. SIWEK. www.theesa.com. www.theesa.com
VIDEO GAMES in 21 the st CENTURY THE 2014 REPORT BY STEPHEN E. SIWEK www.theesa.com www.theesa.com ENTERTAINMENT SOFTWARE ASSOCIATION Executive Summary Video Games in the 21st Century: The 2014 Report
More information2007 Report on Reciprocity Agreements and Other Student Exchange Options
December 2006 2007 Report on Reciprocity Agreements and Other Student Exchange Options Overview The Higher Education Coordinating Board (HECB) is required by state law (RCW 28B.15.754, 28B.15.736, and
More informationThe Department of Labor s Employment
Insurance Benefits in the Jacksonville, Florida Construction Industry Results of a 998 test survey of wages and s for full-time construction workers in the Jacksonville, FL, area indicate that access to
More informationGAO SCHOOL FINANCE. Per-Pupil Spending Differences between Selected Inner City and Suburban Schools Varied by Metropolitan Area
GAO United States General Accounting Office Report to the Ranking Minority Member, Committee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives December 2002 SCHOOL FINANCE Per-Pupil Spending Differences between
More informationAnalysis Brief March 2013
Trends in Higher Education Series College Board Advocacy & Policy Center Analysis Brief March 2013 How Students and Parents Pay for College Kathleen Payea Policy Analyst, The College Board Sandy Baum Senior
More informationDEMONSTRATING ECONOMIC
FEBRUARY 2015 DEMONSTRATING THE COLLECTIVE ECONOMIC COLLECTIVE VALUE OF DEMONSTRATING ECONOMIC VALUE OF NORTH CAROLINA COMMUNITY COLLEGES NORTH CAROLINA COMMUNITY COLLEGES FEBRUARY 2015 MAIN REPORT 1 CONTENTS
More informationA Lee County Economic Impact Study Prepared for
A Lee County Economic Impact Study Prepared for PRIVATE EQUITY GROUP, LLC Dr. Gary Jackson Director, Regional Economic Research Institute Lutgert College of Business Florida Gulf Coast University January
More informationChapter V: How Washington Compares with Other States
Chapter V: How Washington Compares with Other States Key Facts about Higher Education in Washington Page 56 Washington s public four-year colleges are highly productive in degree completion... An undergraduate
More informationThe Economic Impact of Texas State University-San Marcos
The Economic Impact of Texas State University-San Marcos James P. LeSage 1 McCoy Endowed Chair of Urban and Regional Economics McCoy College of Business Administration Department of Finance and Economics
More informationEconomic and Rate Impact Analysis of Clean Energy Development in North Carolina 2015 Update
February 2015 Economic and Rate Impact Analysis of Clean Energy Development in North Carolina 2015 Update Prepared for North Carolina Sustainable Energy Association 4800 Six Forks Rd Suite 300 Raleigh,
More informationWisconsin's Great Cost Shift
Dēmos Wisconsin's Great Cost Shift HOW HIGHER EDUCATION CUTS UNDERMINE THE STATE'S FUTURE MIDDLE CLASS I n today s economy, a college education is essential for getting a good job and entering the middle
More informationMEASURING ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF PROJECTS AND PROGRAMS
Economic Development Research Group April 1997 MEASURING ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF PROJECTS AND PROGRAMS GLEN WEISBROD, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GROUP BURTON WEISBROD, ECONOMICS DEPT., NORTHWESTERN UNIV.
More information2014 AICUP Economic and Community Impact Report Methodology and Data Sources
2014 AICUP Economic and Community Impact Report Methodology and Data Sources Definitions Independent colleges and universities in Pennsylvania This universe is the 96 non-profit, degree-granting institutions
More informationIndustrial Rents and Land Values in the Sydney Property Market
150 Kim JOURNAL of the ASIAN REAL ESTATE SOCITEY 1998 Vol. 1 No. 1: pp. 150-160 Industrial Rents and Land Values in the Sydney Property Market Jinu Kim Faculty of the Built Environment, The University
More informationTourism s. 1997 98 to 2011 12. Tourism s. Economy
Tourism s Contribution to the Australian Economy 1997 98 to 2011 12 Tourism s Contribution to the Australian Economy Authors: Jai Kookana and Tien Duc Pham ISBN 978-1-922106-91-9 (PDF) 978-1-922106-92-6
More informationIn today s economy, a college education is essential for
Virginia s Great Cost Shift How Higher Education Cuts Undermine the State s Future Middle Class robert hiltonsmith & mark huelsman In today s economy, a college education is essential for getting a good
More informationRegional Economic Impact Analysis
Section III: Applying Knowledge Regional Economic Impact Analysis Summary In this activity, teachers present a lecture related to assessing regional economic impacts and students use this knowledge to
More informationMassachusetts $ Savings and Job Gains from Energy Efficiency in Buildings & Transportation
Massachusetts $ Savings and Job Gains from Energy Efficiency in Buildings & Transportation Marc Breslow, Ph.D. Director of Transportation & Buildings Policy Executive Office of Energy & Environmental Affairs
More informationEconomic base approach
This memorandum is preliminary in nature and subject to revision and review. Any views expressed are not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston or of the Federal Reserve System. To: Dr.
More informationSTILL DOING MORE WITH LESS COMMUNITY COLLEGES CONTINUE TO CONFRONT RISING ENROLLMENTS AND ERODING BUDGETS
STILL DOING MORE WITH LESS COMMUNITY COLLEGES CONTINUE TO CONFRONT RISING ENROLLMENTS AND ERODING BUDGETS Enrollments continue to explode as institutional budgets continue to erode according to a new national
More informationVIRGINIA NATIONAL BANKSHARES CORPORATION ANNOUNCES THIRD QUARTER FINANCIAL RESULTS
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE VIRGINIA NATIONAL BANKSHARES CORPORATION ANNOUNCES THIRD QUARTER FINANCIAL RESULTS Charlottesville, VA November 4, 2015 Virginia National Bankshares Corporation (OTCQX: VABK) (the
More informationThe Status of Women in Guilford County, North Carolina
IWPR # R363 November 2012 The Status of Women in Guilford County, North Carolina Women in Guilford County, and in North Carolina as a whole, have made significant progress in the last few decades. The
More informationThe Economic Impacts of Angelo State University
The Economic Impacts of Angelo State University Prepared by: Bradley T. Ewing, Ph.D. Rawls Professor of Operations Management Texas Tech University Rawls College of Business (806) 742-3939 bradley.ewing@ttu.edu
More informationBarriers and Opportunities The Transition from 2 to 4-year Institutions
Barriers and Opportunities The Transition from 2 to 4-year Institutions Pamela Brown New York City College of Technology, City University of New York The National Academies September 11, 2013 1 Community
More informationSchool District Bond Issues
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF TREASURY BUREAU OF STATE AND AUTHORITY FINANCE SCHOOL BOND QUALIFICATION AND LOAN PROGRAM 2014 Annual Report Table of Contents 1 Program Overview 3 Statewide Perspective 4 School
More informationEXECUTIVE SUMMARY. Where Value Meets Values: The Economic Impact of Community Colleges
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Where Value Meets Values: The Economic Impact of Community Colleges ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT & RETURN ON INVESTMENT OF EDUCATION FEBRUARY 2014 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY America s community
More information