Keeping Landcare Group Volunteers Safe OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH INFORMATION FOR LANDCARE GROUPS WORKING ON PRIVATE LAND AND PRIVATE LAND OWNERS

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1 Keeping Landcare Group Volunteers Safe OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH INFORMATION FOR LANDCARE GROUPS WORKING ON PRIVATE LAND AND PRIVATE LAND OWNERS First published by NZ Landcare Trust in February 2004 Updated and republished in August 2011

2 2 CONTENTS Introduction 2 Private Land Owner Obligations 3 Towards Landcare Groups Public Liability 4 Keeping Landcare Group Volunteers Safe on Privately Owned Land 4 What Kinds of Health and Safety Duties 4 are Landcare Groups Responsible For? What is a Volunteer? 4 What is an Employer? 5 Key Steps to Providing a General 6 Duty of Care for Volunteers Responsibilities of Volunteers 8 Health and Safety Management by the 9 Moehau Environment Group Keeping Landcare Group Volunteers Safe 9 on Public Land Landcare Groups and Contractors or 10 Self Employed Persons Appendix A: Reference List 11 Appendix B: Further Sources of Information 11 INTRODUCTION Landcare group membership nearly always consists of volunteers who contribute long hours plus a considerable array of valuable skills to improve sustainable land management practices in New Zealand. The Health and Safety in Employment Act (1992) outlines the legal obligations required by organisations to look after their volunteers, plus a range of good practices associated with the management of volunteer health and safety. Please note that the occupational safety and health obligations can vary according to: (1) The nature of the relationship an organisation has with the volunteer. (2) The legal owner of the land that landcare group activity or works is taking place on. This document focuses primarily on the obligations and best practices for: Private landowners Landcare group volunteers working on privately owned land Public land (page 17) It also discusses issues such as public liability, health and safety for volunteers on public land, and health and safety issues concerning contractors or self employed people. Disclaimer This information is a guide only and may not be accurate for all situations. Every effort has been made to include the most recent information on the legal obligations and best practices concerning health and safety issues for landcare group volunteers working on private land and private landowners. These obligations and/or best practices can be subject to review. The information in this document should not be used as a substitute for legal or other expert advice. NZ Landcare Trust accepts no responsibility for any action or non action that may arise from use of this guide. Acknowledgements The NZ Landcare Trust would like to thank the following people for their assistance in compiling this document: Terry Williams, Jim Nieman and David Bellamy Occupational Safety and Health, Christchurch Office Nigel Clark Greater Wellington Gavin Forrest Federated Farmers of New Zealand Wayne Todd Moehau Environment Group, Coromandel Gary Harrison Landcare Research, Hamilton

3 3 PRIVATE LAND OWNER OBLIGATIONS TOWARDS LANDCARE GROUPS Responsibilities Land owners are legally required to advise all people who have asked permission to enter on their land (authorized visitors) of any significant, out of the ordinary hazard arising from work on the farm which could harm visitors. A significant hazard arises from some work activity on the farm, and would not normally be expected by a visitor. An out of the ordinary hazard may include: tree felling blasting earth moving machinery where pest control operators are working Warnings may be given in any form that the visitor is likely to understand. A verbal warning may be sufficient, and should be given at the time that the visitor is given permission to visit the farm. A warning can be given by a farm manager if he or she is the person giving permission for volunteers to enter the property. If a group of people are visiting a farm, it may be sufficient to give a warning to a representative of that group. It is important for landcare groups to have good communication processes established between designated landcare group members and land owners to ensure that all landcare group volunteers are regularly kept up to date with information about any new hazards on private land they are working on. Land owners are responsible for providing safe access to the place of work. Land owners are entitled to: refuse the right of entry, or ask landcare group volunteers to stop work if they think that landcare group volunteers are failing to take appropriate duty of care, or using unsafe equipment. check with volunteers that they have adequate health and safety management procedures in place. check with volunteers that they have the required skills to use plant in machinery. check the intended use of plant and machinery. Land owners are not responsible: for ensuring that visitor s plant or equipment is safe and suitable to use, or that they know how to use it in a safe manner. if a person acts irresponsibly or creates their own hazard. In instances where land owners may be considered liable by other parties, if that land owner can show that they took all due diligence or were without fault, they are not guilty of an offence. If a land owner can demonstrate that they did all they could be reasonably expected to prevent serious harm from happening, then that land owner is not guilty of an offence. Land owners must warn any contractors that have been engaged by landcare groups of any hazards those contractors are likely to encounter on their land. If land owners provide equipment or machinery for landcare group volunteers it is the land owner s responsibility to ensure that it is safe and suitable to use. Landowners are not required to provide safety gear with equipment or machinery they lend to volunteers, but should ensure such persons are aware of the need of any safety equipment required. Land owners are not legally required to inform authorised visitors of the following hazards, but may wish to include warnings on: tracks or bridges overhead power lines underground services ditches fences Any tracks or bridges that are unsafe to use should be marked.

4 4 PUBLIC LIABILITY Public Liability Insurance Most landcare groups are not able to afford public liability insurance due to the high costs involved. Individual members of landcare groups which do not hold public liability insurance are therefore liable for any of their own actions that cause harm. Examples of such harm could include: starting a fire which causes damage to a farm or crown land accidental release of bait poison into waterways damage to property such as fences or bridges accidental killing of livestock or pets Fire If a landcare group member sets or accidentally lights a fire which causes damage to property, then that person may be liable for the damage caused by the fire, plus fire suppression costs 1. The Rural Fire Authority, NZ Fire Services or private land owners are able to claim for firerelated damage under Fires and Rural Fires Act, Regional Councils may also become involved in court action if a fire which causes damage was issued a permit. Civil Action Private land owners are entitled to seek reparation for damage through the Disputes Tribunal, or the local District Court through civil action. If the landcare group does not have public liability insurance, the individual member of the landcare group which caused that damage is liable for their own actions. Landcare Groups as Employers Landcare groups which act as employers will be liable for any actions by employees that cause damage. What Can Landcare Groups Do? Landcare group members should consider public liability issues when they develop their hazard identification register. Good health and safety practices can then be extended to those actions which may incur public liability. For example, a group could ban smoking and matches on a work site, and ensure that every vehicle on the work site carries a fire extinguisher. KEEPING LANDCARE GROUP VOLUNTEERS SAFE ON PRIVATELY OWNED LAND What Kinds of Health and Safety Duties are Landcare Groups Responsible For? Different landcare groups will have different levels of responsibility, or legal obligations under the Health and Safety in Employment Act (1992) and amendments (2003). These obligations vary according to: 1. the status of the volunteer 2. the status of the landcare group as an employer 3. the legal owner of the land that landcare group activity is taking place on. What is a Volunteer? Definition of volunteer: A volunteer is a person who - (a) (i) does not expect to be rewarded for work to be performed as a volunteer; (ii) receives no reward for work performed as a volunteer; and (b) does not include a person who is in a place of work for the purpose of receiving on the job training or gaining work experience. There are two classes of volunteers. The first class of volunteers are people who are working for a nonemployer (see below for a definition of non-employer), and are covered by a duty of care. The second class of volunteer is people who are working for an organisation which also employs people, and are covered by enforceable duties. Volunteers covered by enforceable duties include those people who are: People participating in on-the-job training, and work experience programmes. Volunteers who are working for your group and: - The group has approved their voluntary work - The volunteers are working on an ongoing regular basis - The volunteer is performing work that is integral to the groups business If landcare group members are undertaking any activities that may incur public liability, it is recommended that groups consult with a legal expert and/or an insurance broker on this matter. Landcare groups members need to be informed of whether they have cover or not. The NZ Landcare Trust will not take out public liability insurance on behalf of any landcare group. 1 Fires and Rural Fires Act, 1977, Section 43.

5 5 What is an Employer? An employer means a person (or organisation) who or that employs any other person to do any work for hire or reward. Landcare Groups as Non-Employers Most landcare groups in New Zealand are nonemployers, because no payment or reward is exchanged in return for any voluntary work undertaken by landcare group members. Non-employers have a general duty of care to provide for the safety of the volunteers. This general duty of care encourages non-employers to consider and put into place plans for safety arrangements that are appropriate to the kinds of activities volunteers are involved in. See page 11 for an outline of general duty of care. Department of Labour is legally required to provide advice for any non-employer organisation on appropriate practices for keeping volunteers safe. Landcare Groups as Employers Some landcare Groups employ staff. Under the Health and Safety Employment Act, these groups have enforceable duties towards their employees. If employers fail to ensure the safety of employees, volunteers, or visitors, they can be held liable and prosecuted. Enforceable duties include: a general duty of employers to take all practicable steps to provide a safe working environment. an obligation to train and supervise employees on health and safety matters. an obligation to ensure employee participation in health and safety decisions and planning. Landcare groups as employers must have a systematic approach to dealing with hazards. It is important that landcare groups who are employers contact the local Department of Labour branch for further information on their legal obligations concerning the provision of good health and safety practices for their employees. Landcare Groups As Employers And Who Have Volunteers Working For Them Landcare groups who are employers are also required to apply the same enforceable duties to: 1. People participating in on-the-job training, and work experience programmes. 2. Volunteers who are working for your group and: The group has approved their voluntary work The volunteers are working on an ongoing regular basis 2 The volunteer is performing work that is integral to the groups business 3 Rewarding Volunteers With In-Kind Contributions In some cases a landcare group may be considered as an employer if the group rewards a volunteer in a way that contributes significantly to that person s daily living requirements. This reward must be substantial and of a concrete nature. If you think your landcare group may fit into this category, contact your local Department of Labour office to clarify the status of your group as an employer. Exclusion From Enforceable Duties Some volunteers are excluded from the enforceable duties expected of landcare groups who are employers, even if they are undertaking approved, ongoing regular activity that is integral to group business. These kinds of volunteers include people who are: Participating in fund raising (some landcare group voluntary activity may be included in this category). Assisting in any activities for an educational institution offsite (some landcare group voluntary activity may be included in this category e.g. landcare group members who work with schools). Assisting with sports and recreation for a sports club, recreation club, or educational institution. Providing care for another person in the volunteer s home. These volunteers are excluded from coverage under enforceable duties, but are covered by duty of care, outlined on page This definition appears to be open to interpretation, as there is currently no case law which tests the definition. 3 People participating in on-the-job training with Landcare groups who are nonemployers, plus volunteers who are (1) carrying out approved duties, (2) working on an ongoing regular basis, (3) performing work on a regular and ongoing basis (4) Performing work that is integral to the groups business for Landcare Groups who are non-employers are NOT covered by enforceable duties. They are covered by duty of care provisions. This document focuses on providing information for landcare groups who are non-employers, since only a minority of landcare groups employ staff. Landcare groups who are employers should contact their local Department of Labour office for further information on their legal obligations concerning health and safety responsibilities for employees.

6 6 Key Steps to Providing a General Duty of Care for Volunteers Non-employer organisations are required to provide a general duty of care for their volunteers. General duty of care can be considered as a series of recommendations of good practices to ensure that landcare group volunteers are safe whilst they are undertaking voluntary work for a landcare group. Managing Hazards For volunteers covered by duty of care, the Act encourages voluntary groups or organisations to take into account and manage hazards in the workplace. A hazard is any potential or actual source of harm. Examples of hazards include: 1. Take all practicable steps to ensure the health and safety of the volunteer while at work 2. Manage hazards 3. Training and supervision 4. Involve volunteers in safety planning and decisions 5. Report injuries and illnesses 6. Provide health and safety information for volunteers 7. Duties of volunteers and employees 8. Prepare for emergencies Take All Practicable Steps To Ensure The Health And Safety Of The Volunteer While At Work. This means doing everything that is reasonable in the circumstances. Landcare groups should: Be aware of the harm that might occur. Know what can be done to eliminate or reduce the hazard. Consider the cost of doing something relative to the harm that could occur if you do nothing. A work process The physical environment Equipment External factors An input into the work process The way work is organised Access to important information Construction Catering for individual needs The way machinery, equipment or vehicles are used. Working at height, working in crowded areas, working at high or low temperatures. Chainsaws, vehicles, securing loads during transportation. Careless action by other volunteers or workers. Agrichemicals. Work shifts are too long. Ensure that safety instructions are easily understood by volunteers. Safety of temporary building structures. Ensuring that a diabetic person gets meals, or people with disabilities are assigned appropriate work. Many hazards can be easily identified (e.g. the use of chainsaws), but not all hazards will be obvious, and can increase in significance or impact over time. Examples of such hazards include: Repetition strain from constant lifting of loads Fatigue from working long hours Working off site e.g. sunburn Hazards can also occur through having untrained, or new volunteers, newly installed equipment, and changing tasks or processes.

7 7 Landcare groups may find it useful to develop a systematic approach to dealing with hazards. There are several parts to this: 1. Identify all hazards in the workplace 2. Identify the significant hazards. Work out which ones need immediate attention and which are or lesser concern. 3. Take action to deal with the hazards. Landcare groups may choose to: remove the hazard altogether (e.g. remove dangerous machinery) Isolate the hazard (store chemicals safely) Minimise the likelihood of harm (e.g. train volunteers in safe work procedures, or use personal protective equipment such as earmuffs). Once hazards have been identified, it is a good idea to: 4. Review the situation regularly. Identify new hazards, and what can be improved to manage them. 5. Adapt processes as new equipment, processes and people are brought into place. A copy of a hazard register form is available from: Training And Supervision Organisations or groups are not legally required to train or supervise volunteers. However, it is recommended that organisations or groups train and supervise volunteers if appropriate. This may include instances where volunteers are using hazardous machinery or chemicals. Workers need to have sufficient knowledge and experience to work safely, or they need to be supervised by an experienced person. Involve Volunteers In Safety Planning And Decisions Organisations or groups are not legally required to involve volunteers in safety planning and decisions. If your volunteers are providing ongoing and regular work for the group, it is good practice to involve them in safety planning and decisions. Some volunteers will have valuable knowledge and experience to contribute to and improve the management of health and safety in the work place. Report Injuries And Illnesses Landcare groups should report cases of serious harm to volunteers covered by a duty of care to their local branch of the Department of Labour. However doing so is a recommended practice, and can help prevent future accidents. Reporting serious harm can include the following details: 1. Particulars of the persons employer 2. Details of person involved in an accident 3. When and where the accident happened. 4. A record of the sequence of events leading up to the injury, illness 5. Details of any witness to the incident 6. Controls that were in place and why they didn t work 7. What treatment was provided 8. Any actions that can be taken, or changes made, that will reduce or eliminate the possibility of the incident occurring again. Any accidents should be reported to the landowner. Serious harm means death, or harm of a kind or description declared by the Governor-General by Order in Council to be serious for the purposes of the Act; and "seriously harmed" has a corresponding meaning. Until such an Order in Council is made, the following types of harm are defined in Schedule 1 as "serious harm" for the purposes of the Act: 1. Any of the following conditions that amounts to or results in permanent loss of bodily function, or temporary severe loss of bodily function: respiratory disease, noise-induced hearing loss, neurological disease, cancer, dermatological disease, communicable disease, musculoskeletal disease, illness caused by exposure to infected material, decompression sickness, poisoning, vision impairment, chemical or hot-metal burn of eye, penetrating wound of eye, bone fracture, laceration, crushing. 2. Amputation of body part. 3. Burns requiring referral to a specialist registered medical practitioner or specialist outpatient clinic. 4. Loss of consciousness from lack of oxygen. 5. Loss of consciousness, or acute illness requiring treatment by a registered medical practitioner, from absorption, inhalation or ingestion of any substance. 6. Any harm that causes the person harmed to be hospitalised for a period of 48 hours or more commencing within 7 days of the harm's occurrence.

8 8 Provide Health And Safety Information For Volunteers Volunteers should be provided with this information to ensure the safety of everyone. Volunteers can be informed of: all existing or potential hazards emergency procedures and location of emergency equipment hazards the volunteer may be exposed to while at work hazards the volunteer may create while at work which could harm others how to minimise the likelihood of those hazards becoming a source of harm to others This information can be provided verbally before the commencement of work. Preparing For Emergencies Plan how your Landcare Group will manage any emergency that might arise in the work place. Identify the type of emergency situations your group is most likely to be exposed to. Have a good quality first aid kit available, and inform volunteers who to go to if they need first aid treatment. Train a landcare group member in first aid. Ensure that individuals or a group are able to communicate with emergency services, e.g. a landcare group volunteer carries a cell phone. This is particularly important for volunteers who are working by themselves in isolated areas. Make sure people know who to contact in case of an emergency, and safe transport is available. Check if any volunteers have any medical conditions before the work commences, e.g. allergies. Other Good Practices A trained supervisor should oversee any hazardous landcare group activities. Many landcare groups involve children in their onthe-ground activities as part of the landcare ethic of learning by doing. Ensure that they are supervised appropriately, especially around significant hazards. Only volunteers properly trained in using certain kinds of machinery, equipment or chemicals should be permitted to use that machinery, equipment, or chemicals. For example, the application of certain kinds of agrichemicals is undertaken only by those who have attended a GrowSafe course. 4 If volunteers are spending long hours on site, adequate provision may have to be made for providing toilets, or appropriate disposal of human waste. If a considerable number of volunteers are working over a large area, it could be useful to develop a system to ensure that all volunteers are accounted for at the end of the day. Responsibilities of Volunteers Volunteers Covered by Duty of Care Volunteers covered by duty of care do not have the same obligations as those who are working in a similar role to an employee under this provision (see below). It is recommended that landcare groups request that all volunteers, regardless of the work they are undertaking, should consider that they have a duty to ensure that no action or inaction on their part while at work harms anyone else, including themselves. Responsibilities Of Volunteers Working In A Similar Role To An Employee While At Work Volunteers working in a similar role to an employee have a duty to ensure that no action or inaction on their part, while at work, harms anyone else, including themselves. Volunteers covered by enforceable duties must: Take all practicable steps to use protective equipment and to wear protective clothing. Not undertake work which is unsafe or which involves unsafe practices. Make unsafe work situations safe, or if this is not possible, inform a supervisor. Know about and follow the workplace s health and safety practices and procedures, including reporting of work-related accidents, illnesses and injuries and hazards. Cooperate with the monitoring or workplace hazards and employees health. Comply with any improvement and prohibition notices issued for the workplace. 4 Check with the supplier of the chemical if you are in doubt about the application of a chemical, or if a Grow Safe certificate is required to apply the chemical.

9 9 Case Study Health and Safety Management by the Moehau Environment Group The Moehau Environment Group (MEG) implements an animal pest control projects on privately owned and DOC lands in the Northern Coromandel. Before establishing any bait stations or traps, MEG negotiates a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with each landowner. This MOU sets out key health and safety obligations of the two parties, and includes the following requirements: The landowner will inform MEG prior to the commencement of work of any known significant, out of the ordinary work-related hazard on the property. MEG will inform the landowner of any new or unusual hazards that MEG personnel notice in the course of their work. MEG is responsible for placing interpretive signs to inform the public of the project. MEG will give notification of seven days before any pest control work begins, and will take all care to ensure awareness of stock movements, electric fencing and gate status. The actual practice of warning landcare group members or other visitors associated with landcare groups can include a more extensive range of hazards. KEEPING LANDCARE GROUP VOLUNTEERS SAFE ON PUBLIC LAND Some landcare groups undertake voluntary work on public land. The statutory body responsible for administering that land has enforceable duties towards volunteers. Most territorial authorities have developed, or are developing their own occupational safety and health processes for volunteers. Landcare groups should contact the relevant territorial authority to clarify the health and safety procedures for working on public land required by that authority. Some regional councils: Require landcare groups to comply with Department of Labour guidelines on application for funding for groups. Restrict certain kinds of activity altogether (e.g. some forms of pest control). Allow volunteers to take part in some activities only if supervised by council staff. Allow volunteers to take part in some activities unsupervised if they have attended appropriate training, such as a Grow Safe course. It is possible that these practices and requirements will evolve over time, and may vary across the different territorial authorities. Contact your local regional or district council to clarify these issues before commencing work. In addition, MEG makes annual applications to the Ministry Of Health for approval to use specified toxins. These applications require explicit notifications in the local newspaper and a letter is sent to inform and engage (if necessary) all affected local landowners. With some toxins, the police, schools, DOC, and pig hunting clubs need to be informed independent to the general public newspaper notice. MEG also guides groups of visitors over private land as part of their environmental education activities. Before the tours start, (and on an ongoing basis wherever necessary) MEG works with landowners to identify hazards which may include bridges, spikes, electric fences, ditches, and stock. Visit MEG at:

10 10 LANDCARE GROUPS AND CONTRACTORS OR SELF EMPLOYED PERSONS Landcare Groups Acting As A Principal (refer Section 18 of HSE Act 1992) Some landcare groups engage the services of contractors to carry out tasks such as trapping, fencing, or felling trees. Contractors may be individual self employed persons, or companies who have employees. Landcare groups who use contractors are legally classified as the principal. Only single legal entities are entitled to be a principal (e.g. an individual person, a charitable trust, an incorporated society, or a company). The principal is required to take all practicable steps to ensure that the contractor, or contractor s employees come to no harm in the work place. The nature of the steps required of the principal can vary according to the principals knowledge of the work environment. In general terms, the greater the knowledge that the principal has of the work environment and processes, the principal must have greater involvement to ensure that all practicable steps have been taken to ensure workplace health and safety for the contractor. For example, a major construction company which sub-contracts some of its work to another company is usually required to have a reasonably close involvement in ensuring workplace safety in the workplace of the sub contractor. An individual person who knows very little about construction, and engages the services of a Master Builder to build his or her house is only required to request that the contractor works safely on the construction site. This is because that principal is not knowledgeable about health and safety issues on construction sites, and a Master Builder should have the necessary understanding of safe work practices on a construction site. Determining the nature of the practicable steps which a principal must take to ensure that the work place is safe for the contractor can be a complex process, and is subject to case law. It is recommended that any landcare group which is acting as a principal contact Department of Labour to clarify the nature of the steps it must take. Duties Of Contractors Companies who tender for contracts and employ workers are responsible for the health and safety of their employees at an enforceable level. Please note that contractors who have employees are also required to apply enforceable duties to: 1. People participating in on-the-job training, and work experience programmes. 2. Volunteers who are working for your group/ alongside the contractor and: The group has approved their voluntary work The volunteers are working on an ongoing regular basis The volunteer is performing work that is integral to the groups business. 3. Employees. Contractors, employees of contractors, and self employed persons, have a duty to ensure that no action or inaction on their part, while at work, harms anyone else (i.e. volunteers), or themselves. For example, a self employed fencer has an obligation to ensure that their actions do not harm volunteers who may be assisting him or her on this work. It is possible that members of a landcare group which is acting as the principal may work as volunteers alongside the contractor or self employed person they have engaged. The status and duties of the landcare group member in this instance is no longer that of the principal, but of volunteer. The contractor, contractor employee, or self employed person is therefore responsible for the safety of the volunteers. Landcare Groups in Control of Workplaces (refer Section 16 of HSE Act 1992) When a group is in control of a workplace they have additional responsibilities the HSE Act These can be summarised as: 1. Full duty to: a) People in the vicinity b) People lawfully at work c) People who have paid to be there. 2. Warning duty: implies duty to warn of hazards.

11 11 APPENDIX A: REFERENCE LIST The information in this document was sourced from the following publications: Department of Labour (2003 Update) Farm Health and Safety farmshsepackage.shtml Department of Labour (2003) Working Safely for Your Community: Health and Safety Guidelines for Community and Voluntary Organisations working-safely.pdf Department of Labour If Visitors to My Farm are Injured, Am I Liable? farm-visitors.html APPENDIX B: FURTHER SOURCES OF INFORMATION All publications listed on the websites should be available in hard copy from your local Department of Labour office. Department of Labour This website provides user-friendly information on health and safety duties of employers, contractors, self employed people, and volunteers. Examples include: Health and Safety in Employment Act: Health and Safety in Contracting Situations: contracting-guide/contracting-health-safety.pdf Principal s fact sheet: pdf Recording and Reporting Serious Harm fact sheet: reportingseriousharm.pdf Volunteers on a Marae fact sheet: volunteersmarae.pdf Department of Labour Website This website has an extensive list of publications which provides good information on best practices for ensuring health and safety in the workplace. Farming shtml#ag A Guide for Farmers to Manage Hazards in the Workplace farmerscf.pdf Chemicals Guidelines on Personal Protection for Agrichemical Users A guide to the safe use of agrichemicals in forestry Forestry A guide to the Safe Use of Chainsaws River and Stream Operations - The Approved Code of Practice for Safety and Health in Tree Work Part Workplace Health and Safety Strategy for New Zealand to First Aid Guidance Notes on Providing First Aid Equipment, Facilities and Training Appendix 1: Training courses for first aid trainers or instructors Appendix 2: Course syllabus for first aid in the workplace Appendix 3: Additional course modules for first aid personnel Appendix 4: Suggested minimum contents for workplace first aid kits Appendix 5: Suggested minimum contents for vehicle or lone worker's first aid kit Appendix 6: Assessment of first aid needs checklist Forms First Aid Register Form Hazard Identification and Registration Form NZ Landcare Trust. PO Box Hamiton wwwlandcare.org.nz