ME2110 Lecture 9 : Concept Evaluation (ctnd.) Technical Design Presentations (ctnd.)
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1 ME2110 Lecture 9 : Concept Evaluation (ctnd.) Technical Design Presentations (ctnd.) GIT
2 Outline 1. Review Design Phases Covered Problem Understanding, Design Specification 2. Concept Generation (review) 3. Concept Evaluation (continued) What is structured concept generation? 4. Design Tool 8 Evaluation Matrices 5. Technical Design Presentations 2
3 PRODUCT LIFECYCLE 1. Phases of Design Start End A. Customer/Product Requirements (Problem Understanding) B. Design Specification C. Conceptual Design I. Concept Generation II. Concept Evaluation D. Detail Design E. Prototyping F. Design Finalization I. Specification for Production Manufacturing Usable Life End of Life Concurrent NOT Linear 3
4 1. Design Tools to-date A. Customer/Product Requirements Problem understanding, Initial Analysis DT1 P.U.F B. Design Specification Target Performance Metrics, Design Constraints C. Conceptual Design I. Concept Generation II. DT2 H.o.Q DT4 Design Spec. Sheet DT5 Functional Decomposition DT6 S.P.M Concept Evaluation DT5 Evaluation Matrices DT3 Function tree DT7 Morph. Chart 4
5 1. DT2 House of Quality Primary design tool in QFD Ensures comprehensive understanding of design task and product requirements Builds on P.U.F by adding rooms for: Design Trade-off & Analysis Identification Design Target Specification Customer Competitive Assessment Technical Competitive Assessment Identifies key design requirements for product non-subjectively GIT 5
6 2. Concept Generation Systematic identification of design alternatives Many alternatives Synthesis of concepts from function-level design solutions (How s) Design Tools DT5 Functional Decomposition DT6 Solution Principles Matrix DT7 Morphological Chart 6
7 2. DT5 Function Decomposition E Dough Additives I Shape Dough E loss Shaped Dough Dough Feed in 1 Prepare 2 Dispense 3 Shape 4 Separate 5 Feed Out 6 Shaped Dough Return 7 Additives Waste Waste Waste
8 2. DT6 - Solution Principle Matrix Example: Design of a Pencil Sub-function 1: Make an Erasable Mark Sub-function 2: Erase an Erasable Mark S u b - f u n c S o l u t i o n P r i n c i p l e s ( I d e a / S o u r c e ) I d e a : ( M e c h a n i c a l ) R u b o n M a t e r i a l ( M e c h a n i c a l ) S q u i r t M a t e r i a l ( M e c h a n i c a l ) P l a c e M a t e r i a l ( l i k e L e t t e r s e t ) S o u r c e : S t a n d a r d p r o d u c t T e a m # 2 L e t t e r s e t A c i d e t c h i n g ( C h e m i c a l ) C h a n g e p a p e r c o m p o s i t i o n ( C h e m i c a l ) C h a n g e p a p e r c o l o r ( l i k e L i t m u s p a p e r ) ( E l e c t r i c a l ) B u r n p a p e r ( s p a r k ) ( l i k e o l d f a s h i o n e d s t r i p c h a r t r e c o r d e r s ) ( E l e c t r i c a l ) E l e c t r i f y P a p e r ( g l o w d i s c h a r g e ) ( E l e c t r i c a l ) S t a t i c c h a r g e t o h o l d m a r k o n ( l i k e E t c h - A - S k e t c h ) F i s h e r S c i e n t i f i c T e a m # 3 T e a m # 1 E t c h - A - S k e t c h ( T h e r m a l ) B u r n p a p e r ( f l a m e ) ( T h e r m a l ) H e a t p a p e r ( g l o w d i s c h a r g e ) ( T h e r m a l ) M e l t o n M a r k ( M a g n e t i c ) A t t a c h m a g n e t i c m a t e r i a l ( l i k e r e f r i g e r a t o r m a g n e t s ) T e a m # 2 T e a m # 2 W a x s e a l s G i f t S t o r e ( B i o l o g i c a l ) G r o w b a c t e r i a, f u n g u s ( B i o l o g i c a l ) M o d i f y ( d i g e s t?) p a p e r ( O p t i c a l ) C h a n g e l i g h t p r o p e r t i e s o f ( O p t i c a l ) C h a n g e l i g h t ( h o l o g r a m ) p a p e r ( r e f l e c t a n c e, p o l a r i t y ) T e a m # 2 B i o T e c h M a g a z i n e T e a m # 2 T e a m # 2 ( M e c h a n i c a l ) R u b o f M a t e r i a l ( M e c h a n i c a l ) T a k e o f m a t e r i a l ( M e c h a n i c a l ) C o v e r m a r k ( C h e m i c a l ) C h a n g e p a p e r c o m p o s i t i o n ( l i k e w h i t e o u t ) S t a n d a r d p r o d u c t T e a m # 2 T e a m # 1 T e a m # 2 ( C h e m i c a l ) C h a n g e p a p e r c o l o r ( l i k e d y i n g f a b r i c t h e s a m e c o l o r a s a s t a i n ) GIT ( C h e m i c a l ) C h a n g e m a r k ( e. g., b l e a c h ) ( E l e c t r i c a l ) B u r n o f f m a r k ( s p a r k ) T e a m # 1 T e a m # 2 T e a m # 2 E T C. 8
9 2. Combining Solution Principles Sub- Functions \Solutions 1 2 j m 1 F 1 S 11 S 12 S 1j S 1m 2 F 2 S 21 S 22 S 2j S 2m i F i S i2 S ij S im n F n S n1 S n2 S nj S nm 1 2 Combination of Principles Combination 1: S 11 + S S n1 Combination 1: S 11 + S S n2 GIT ME 2110: Creative Decisions and 9
10 Start Line 2. DT6 Example : A Simple Competition Objective: Place mass from Start line and place on target 20 ft 12.5 ft 6.25 ft 10
11 2. DT6 Example : A Simple Competition Start with a Function Tree Place Mass on Target Generate Power Transmit Power Hit Target Brake on Target Move Mass Navigate to Target 11
12 2. DT6 Example : A Simple Competition Type of Energy Working Principle 1 2 Mechanical Hydraulic Electrical Thermal m m h v Pot. Energy Moving Mass h Liquid Res. Pot. E. Flowing Liquid Battery +V- Inductance, L Mass M, s, T Heated Liquid 3 Flywheel w J Superheated Steam 4 5 J w F v Spring Wheel on incline Plane Other Springs Comp. Gas F 6 Hydraulic reservoir e.g, Piston Different working principles to satisfy the function store energy by varying the type of energy. 12
13 2. DT-6 The Morphological Chart Going from concept to physical reality Store/ Acquire Power Transmit Power Brake on Target Move Mass Navigate to Target Gravity Mouse Traps Car Hit by Trap Rip Cord Effect Ramp Catapult Rolling Friction String Break Anchor Rubber Stopper... Rolling Sliding Projectile Launch Equal Size Wheels Larger Front Wheels
14 2. DT-6 Morph Chart Example Concept 1: Gravity+Ramp+Friction Brake Concept 2: Mousetrap+Rip Cord+String Brake Concept 3: Gravity+Mousetrap+Friction Brake Store/ Acquire Power Gravity Mouse Traps Transmit Power Brake on Target Move Mass Navigate to Target Car Hit by Trap Rip Cord Effect Ramp Catapult Rolling Friction String Break Anchor Rubber Stopper... Rolling Sliding Projectile Launch Equal Size Wheels Larger Front Wheels 14
15 Outline 1. Review Design Phases Covered Problem Understanding, Design Specification 2. Concept Generation (review) 3. Concept Evaluation (continued) What is structured concept generation? 4. Design Tool 8 Evaluation Matrices 5. Technical Design Presentations 15
16 3. Concept Evaluation Intro Example THE BIG EGG-HUNT ME 2110: Creative Decisions and Design
17 3. Concept Evaluation Intro Example The Egg Basket Central Nest ME 2110: Creative Decisions and Design 17
18 3. Concept Evaluation Intro Example A) Each rotten egg in your zone is -3 points B) Each regular egg (from the middle level of the nest)in your zone is 1 pt. C) Each Big Egg (from the top level of the nest) in your zone is 3 pts. D) All eggs in your basket are valued at 3X the above values. 18
19 3. DT8 Evaluation Matrices Concept Criteria A B C D E F + - S D A T U M + = better than datum; - = worse than datum; S = same as datum
20 6. DT8 1 st Level Evaluation Matrices Concept Criteria Cost Safety Gathering Ability Robustness Ease of Assembly + - s Bunny Snake Voodoo Spell D A T U M S _ + S S = better than datum; - = worse than datum; S = same as datum _ _ _ _ _
21 6. DT8 Evaluation Scales Pts. Meaning 0 unsatisfactory 1 just tolerable 2 adequate 3 good 4 very good (ideal) Pts. Meaning 0 absolutely useless solution 1 very inadequate solution 2 weak solution 3 tolerable solution 4 adequate solution 5 satisfactory solution 6 good solution with few drawbacks 7 good solution 8 very good solution 9 solution exceeding the requirement 10 ideal solution 21
22 6. DT8 2 nd Level Evaluation Matrices Concept Criteria A: low material cost B: easy assembly C: short testing time D: simple construction E: functional safety F: simple operation Total Relative = Total/
23 6. DT8 3 rd Level Evaluation Matrices WEIGHT (0-4) C1 (RUB ON - RUB OFF) C2 (PLACE ON - TAKE OFF) WORKING PRINCIPLE: MAKES ERASABLE MARK REMOVES ERASABLE MARK EMBODIMENT: HOLDS POINT PRODUCTION: FEW PARTS SIMPLE TO MAKE ASSEMBLY: EASY 3 3 OPERATION: COMFORTABLE TO USE LOW USE FORCE C3 (PLACE ON - RUB OFF) MAINTENANCE: SHARPENABLE SAFETY: DOESN T HARM USER BY BREAKING INTO SMALL, HARMFUL PARTS NOT POISONOUS TOTAL POINTS: 23
24 Conceptual Design Summary 1. Formulate Many Alternate Concepts DT5 Functional Decomposition DT6 S.P.M 2. Evaluate Concepts DT5 Evaluation Matrices DT7 Morph. Chart 3. Select Concepts for Further Refinement 24
25 PRODUCT LIFECYCLE 2. Phases of Design Start End A. Customer/Product Requirements B. Design Specification C. Conceptual Design I. Concept Generation II. Concept Evaluation D. Detail Design E. Prototyping F. Design Finalization I. Specification for Production Manufacturing Usable Life End of Life Concurrent NOT Linear GIT 25
26 Outline 1. Review Design Phases Covered Problem Understanding, Design Specification 2. Concept Generation (review) 3. Concept Evaluation (continued) What is structured concept generation? 4. Design Tool 8 Evaluation Matrices 5. Technical Design Presentations 26
27 6. Technical Presentations Things to Cover How to organize the talk The deliverables we need to see How to use and display graphics: Specification lists Function trees Morph Charts Concept drawings Evaluation Tables Warnings about slide design 27
28 Introductory Design Project Display Planning or analysis tools House of Quality Function Tree Specifications Morph Chart Designs Speak Identify and describe drawings Identify and describe planning tools 28
29 Before and After the Talk Face the audience Remove your cap Introduce yourself and your team End the talk with this statement: Thank you. I ll be happy to answer questions. 29
30 Guidelines for Presenting Images Describe and explain the diagrams and charts that you display on the screen Use a pointer to highlight the things you talk about Use specific, descriptive words to name your concepts, their subsystems and their components Avoid Photographs 30
31 Questions to Address During the Talk For Systems or Subsystems What makes [this] good or bad? What should we remember about this design? For House of Quality What relationships are important? What do relationships mean to you as designers? How do relationships impact your design work? 31
32 Displaying Figures and Tables on slides Choose light backgrounds Make displays fill the screen Show descriptive slide title OR figure caption You must describe your figures and tables to the audience: What is it? Why is it presented? What should the audience see? Some tools need reformatting for screen display 32
33 J. Donnell / ME 2110, FALL '09 33
34 J. Donnell / ME 2110, FALL '09 34
35 Specifications (for CD Mover) Slide Titles can be compressed to make room for displays D = Demand Specification W = Wish Issued: For: CD Rom Moving Device Page 1 Changes D/W Requirements Resp. Source Move CD Rom to target. Focus on Your Input! Geometry D Fit within 24x12x12 inch area Instructor Kinematics W Quick acceleration Mfg. Engineer W Straight line " W Smooth acceleration " Forces D Operates with mouse traps Instructor D Gravity " Spec sheet is cropped to allow for larger fonts 35
36 Slide Title Function Tree (for CD Mover) Retrieve CD and Place on Target Activate System Move To CD Stop At CD Manipulate CD Defend Result Rows align for ease of reading End Forward Motion Anchor Capture Device Capture CD Deliver CD Protect Our CD Move Their CD Use one noun and one verb per box 36
37 Morph Chart (for CD Mover) Row heads from Function Tree Simple diagrams Generate Power Mouse Trap Gravity Transmit Power Trap turns axle Car hit by trap Ramp Projectile / Catapult Move to CD / Target Rolling Sliding Projectile Move / Pick-up CD Suction Tape covered platform Trap hits disc Catch line Brake on CD / Target Anchored String aroung axle Rubber stopper deployed Two or three words per cell J. Donnell / ME 2110, FALL '09 37
38 Conveyor Concept (for Fear Factor) Grabbing Arm Descriptive Title is shown on the slide Conveyor Belt Claw arm Wheels This Drawing: Fills the slide Has labels Shows complete system 38
39 Evaluation Matrix (for Baggage Claim) Fonts around 20 pt. CONCEPT CRITERIA Drive Distance Size Speed Low Cost Ease of Operation Ease of Production Ease of Reset Functional Safety Total Relative= Total/32 J. Donnell / ME 2110, FALL ' Concepts identified by name, by drawing or both Highlight scores that make a difference 39
40 Focus, color and information Important information must visually dominate any figure or table When possible, important information should be clustered and centered Color is best reserved to highlight important information Light colors often give you the greatest flexibility 40
41 Clustered information permits focus D = Demand Specification W = Wish Issued: For: CD Rom Moving Device Page 1 Changes D/W Requirements Resp. Source Move CD Rom to target. Geometry D Fit within 24x12x12 inch area Instructor Kinematics W Quick acceleration Mfg. Engineer W Straight line " W Smooth acceleration " Forces D Operates with mouse traps Instructor D Gravity " 41
42 Motion, Sound and information Motion should highlight important information Animated concept drawings are very helpful Animated Text Is Not Helpful Sound is best avoided Unless the sound IS the information 42
43 Strong colors obscure information. Motion can make us look away from the drawing J. Donnell / ME 2110, FALL '09 43
44 Photographs are difficult to pull off Pneumatics for whacking arms Sliders for mobility Mousetraps Gravitydeployed ramp 44
45 Light is hard to control 45
46 You control the light in drawings Return motor/spindle subsystem Primary release solenoid bracket Drawer slider arms Cross support/diversion arm mounting Diversion arm Control box Rat-whacking arm/mousetrap subsystem Diversion arm launch mousetrap Weight for arms Bug chute 46
47 Outline 1. Review Design Phases Covered Problem Understanding, Design Specification 2. Concept Generation (review) 3. Concept Evaluation (continued) What is structured concept generation? 4. Design Tool 8 Evaluation Matrices 5. Technical Design Presentations Questions? 47
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