SOKOINE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE FACULTY OF FORESTRY AND NATURE CONSERVATION

Transcription

1 SOKOINE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE FACULTY OF FORESTRY AND NATURE CONSERVATION CURRICULUM FOR B.Sc. WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT DEGREE PROGRAMME September 2008

2 ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Background The B.Sc. Wildlife Management degree programme at SUA started in After three years the University adopted a semester system, which necessitated review of all curricula. Consequently, in 2001, a new B.Sc. Wildlife Management curriculum under the semester system became operational. Since 2001 several issues have emerged. For instance, the University decided to engage consultants to carry out a study on the curricula, performance of graduates where they are employed and needs assessment of employers in relation to the training offered in various undergraduate degree programmes. The training needs assessments, job market surveys and tracer studies identified some deficiencies that had to be addressed. Among them were: i. Skills and competencies are not adequately provided by the existing curriculum and thus it has to be significantly revised. ii. There were inadequacies in providing the necessary training to prepare students to effectively and efficiently handle their jobs after graduation. iii. Many graduates lack business and entrepreneurship skills. Apart from these findings by the consultants, the existing curriculum has more contact hours than there should be. This was a result of rounding up of credits when the University went into semester system, which caused unnecessary increase of contact hours per course. Also, SUA has been facing problems linked to inadequate funds to carry out the training effectively. A prominent problem has been insufficient funds to conduct field practical training. It was thus necessary to review all curricula at the University, including curriculum for B.Sc. Wildlife Management to address the emerging challenges. Major improvements in the reviewed curriculum include: 1. Introduction of new courses such as Introduction to Animal Behaviour, Climate Change and Natural Resources, Environmental Physiology, Automobile Operating Principles, Introduction to Coastal and Marine Ecosystems, Introduction to Tourism, Tourism, Environment and Development, Economics of Tourism, Introduction to Tourism Marketing, Tour Guiding Techniques, Customer Care and Interpersonal Skills, Basic Sociology, and Human Resource Management. Since wildlife management is basically management of people s use of the resource, and tourism, most of which is wildlife-based, is now number one in Tanzania s economy, these new courses are expected to enhance the skills and competencies of graduates. Other new courses such as Entrepreneurship & Feasibility Studies will build the graduates business and entrepreneurial skills. 2. Promotion of some courses such as Ballistics, Wildlife Entomology and Parasitology, Ichthyology and Conservation of Wetlands from elective to core. These are courses that are also fundamental to a student of wildlife management. 3. Deletion of some courses such as Biochemistry, Animal Biotechnology, Intervention Strategies of Development and Planning, and Management of Development, which have less importance to wildlife managers. 4. Reduction of field practical training for First Year students from four to three weeks and deletion of the two-week Long Field Trip for finalists. This has been done as a cost-cutting measure. As a result field practical training for finalists has been reduced by two weeks from five to three. In total field practical training period has been reduced by 16.7% from 18 to 15 weeks. 5. Reduction of contact hours for some courses by re-introducing decimal points in credits. This has left room for new courses.

3 iii 6. Making it easier for people to join the programme by softening entry qualifications and widening the catchment area (see Section 10). Generally, the new curriculum will prepare students to effectively and efficiently handle a variety of jobs after graduation. Justification Since the current curriculum has some deficiencies, the review exercise is aimed at addressing the identified deficiencies and making sure that the training is abreast with emerging global issues for producing graduates who are conversant with many facets in this dynamic world. The revised curriculum has, therefore, included new courses, including new concepts in entrepreneurship and job market preparation skills. BSc Programme Aims The main aims of the revised curriculum for BSc. Wildlife Management is to enable production of wildlife experts who are equipped with the necessary technical, analytical, managerial and entrepreneurial skills in wildlife management and related industries for sustainable development. Specific aims of the revised curriculum and the degree programme in general are to: Provide the necessary background in technology and analytical skills, which will enable graduates to plan, design and manage wildlife enterprises and industries for sustainable wildlife practices in a multidisciplinary environment. Impart skills required in conducting basic and applied wildlife research, extension work and consultancy. Prepare graduates to address environmental and conservation issues. Prepare graduates for self-employment. Provide a sound base from which graduates can embark on postgraduate training leading to research in wildlife and related careers. PRINCIPAL LEARNING OUTCOMES A. KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF SUBJECT Upon successful completion of the degree programme, graduates will be able to: A1. Demonstrate understanding of the basic concepts and theories of wildlife management and relate them to practical work-based situations; A2. Demonstrate understanding of new and emerging technologies for consumptive wildlife utilization and processing of trophies; A3. Demonstrate analytical and managerial skills for sustainable wildlife management practices in multi-disciplinary environments; A4. Demonstrate knowledge and skills to access relevant information pertaining to wildlife management or allied fields; A5. Apply their knowledge and skills to identify and mitigate a range of wildlife management problems facing the wildlife-related business industry, government, NGOs and CBOs; A6. Apply multi- and interdisciplinary approaches to plan, design and execute appropriate research in wildlife management; A7. Evaluate alternative wildlife-related economic investments and marketing strategies for different enterprises; A8. Carry out inventory of wildlife resources in reserves, national parks and other wildlife-rich areas for management and marketing purposes; A9. Identify principal wildlife species and demonstrate knowledge of their habitats and values (economic, ecological ); A10. Identify and manage principal wildlife pests and diseases;

4 iv A11. Demonstrate understanding and employ geographical information system (GIS) and mapping softwares in the field of wildlife management; A12. Use relevant computer packages to understand and/or solve wildlife management-related problems. Teaching Strategy Lectures and audio visual presentations are the main ways of imparting knowledge and skills. Others include seminars where specific cases studies may be used; tutorials; laboratory and wildlife field practical; and self study. Individual supervised research projects are also conducted. Learning strategy Lectures are the principal method of delivery of A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, and A6. Laboratory and field practical and field excursions in all years complement lectures and develop basic and advanced knowledge A7 A12. Seminars within small groups are widely used to train their communication skills. Research project in year 3 imparts and develops independent learning skills A6. Self study and assignments involve access to information from research papers, books and electronic resources. Problem-based learning A6 and computer assisted learning A12 apply. Assessment Method Written class exams (class tests and end of semester examinations) are the principle method of assessment for knowledge and understanding in most courses in all years. Timed essays, laboratory and field practical reports and other course work assignments, delivered verbally, written or both are also assessed. In addition to the above, field practicals/excursion must be passed. The individual written research project reports in year 3 are orally presented and assessed. B. SKILLS AND OTHER ATTRIBUTES DISCIPLINE-SPECIFIC/PRACTICAL SKILLS A successful student will be able to: B1. Plan and design projects, set experiments, collect and analyse data, interpret and write reports in the field of wildlife management. B2. Identify wildlife species, describe their habits, values and habitats; identify and manage wildlife diseases, and undertake antipoaching operations. B3. Assess environmental, social and economic impacts of wildlife related investments. B4. Promote and market wildlife resources locally and internationally. B5. Identify and investigate wildlife-related problems or issues, through appropriately planned and designed research projects, and present reports of the findings using reasoned arguments to draw clear conclusions and/or recommendations. B6. Apply a range of methods to measure, evaluate and monitor the statuses of wildlife species and habitats. B7. Observe legal aspects and manage trade in live animals and wildlife products. B8. Prepare quality general management plans for wildlife protected areas using appropriate approaches and technologies. B9. Review documents in wildlife management and related fields. B10. Identify and mitigate wildlife resource related problems. B11.Transform wildlife resource from a liability to an asset for sustainable development. Teaching strategy

5 v Professional skills relevant to wildlife management are demonstrated in lectures, seminars, laboratory classes, computing sessions, workshops and directed field work and practical exercises. Module leaders and demonstrators facilitate development of these skills. Learning strategy Students acquire skills (B1-B7) through a hand-on approach in most courses. Problem-solving skills will be developed through students working in groups on selected case studies which are based on typical real-world problems preparing for presentation and discussion of the problem in the class. Students will be required to write and present a research project report before graduation. Essays on given subjects. Field practical training at the end of each year. Assessment methods These skills are assessed through course work examinations and final examination. Field work assignments. Essays on given subjects. Laboratory and practical reports and exercises. Research project report. Oral and poster presentations. C. COGNITIVE/INTELLECTUAL SKILLS A successful student will be able to: C1. Apply wildlife management knowledge and skills to a range of resource management problems facing wildlife business industry, government departments, CBOs and NGOs. C2. Apply multi-disciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches to generate research questions and to identify and use appropriate methods in reaching and reporting conclusions (to plan, conduct and write reports on appropriate researches regarding wildlife). C3. Evaluate alternative wildlife economic investments, and marketing strategies for different enterprises. C4. Gather, analyse, synthesise, and evaluate critically information, research papers and publications regarding wildlife. C5. Plan, conduct and write reports on wildlife management projects and allied fields C6. Understand subject-specific concepts, theories, and principles. Teaching strategy Teaching strategy will be done through lectures, excursions, seminars, tutorials and independent reading. Learning strategy Students learn through problem-solving approach, handling data and group discussion. Students are required to participate in lectures, seminars, practical and field trips, and work on course assignments. Self learning developed through provision of explicit directed learning tasks. Oral presentations of individual and group projects. Assessment Methods Assessment involves research project reports, assignments, case studies, seminar presentations, oral tests. D. TRANSFERABLE SKILLS

6 vi A successful student will be able to: D1. Communicate information, ideas, problems, arguments and solutions about aspects of wildlife management effectively and professionally by written, graphical and verbal forms to both specialist and non-specialist audiences. D2. Collect, record, analyse, interpret and present data from a range of sources using appropriate analytical techniques. D3. Use appropriate IT packages (word processing, standard and statistical software) to solve natural resources management problems. D4. Demonstrate interpersonal skills and team work spirit. D5. Demonstrate skills and knowledge to progress to an appropriate postgraduate degree in wildlife management, or allied fields. D6. Assess environmental, social and economic impacts of wildlife conservation. Teaching strategy Lectures combine traditional presentation with interactive discussion and real-time development of models supported by the use of Information Technology. Use of IT is embedded in many courses as well as specialized modules offered in the programme. Independent student centered work requiring completion by specific deadlines. Tutorials, oral communication and presentations are practiced in seminars. Learning strategy The learning methods consist of a mixture of effective timed oral presentations, written communication and team work embedded in courses. Students are required to use Library resources and learn through production of essays, reports and case studies. Assessment methods These skills are assessed in conjunction with cognitive knowledge through a variety of strategies including; group projects, fieldwork reports, group and individual oral presentations and research project report. Course work and end of semester university examinations. Observation and measurement of tasks and demonstrations, participation in field practical training. Evaluation of research projects report. Attributes of the graduates Graduates of the B.Sc. Wildlife Management using this curriculum shall have sufficient knowledge and skills to be employed in the public and private sectors / Non governmental and Community-based organisations. The duration of the degree programme The duration of the degree programme according to this curriculum will be 6 semesters for full time students and up to 12 semesters for part time students. This takes into consideration the semester guidelines and standards set by the University. Further, a minimum of 72 Credits will be required for a student to graduate and student will normally be expected to have a course load of at least 12 credits per semester consisting of all core courses and selected elective courses. Admission and Examinations

7 vii Admission requirements and course assessments are presented in section 10 and 7 of the curriculum respectively. However, special examination regulations for the B.Sc. (Wildlife Management) programme have been revised and are presented in section 11. The pass mark for each examination (theory and practical/oral) has remained to be 50% and there shall be no compensation of marks scored in one examination for another. Students will continue to do their Research Projects in the last 2 semesters and will be examined. The grading system and degree classification will be as stipulated in the General University Examination regulations. Course Structure The course structure for the B.Sc. (Wildlife Management) programme is shown in Table 1. Table 1. BSc (Wildlife Management) curriculum course structure Course Ante Course Title Lect Pract Sem Credits SEMESTER 1 Core courses WLM 101 Animal Kingdom AS 102 Introductory Genetics VM 118 Vertebrate Anatomy BTM 100 Introduction to Tourism FEC 101 CIT 100 Sub-total Introduction to Economics Introduction to Microcomputers Elective courses 1 *MTH 104 General Mathematics I BTM 102 Tourism, Environment and Development VM 119 General Histology **SC 100 Communication Skills I Sub-total Total *Guided elective all students have to take this course because of its importance. **Elective but mandatory to those classified as poor in English. SEMESTER 2 Core courses FBL 101 Forest Botany FBL 102 Principles of Ecology FBL 103 Introduction to Soil Science VM 125 Animal Physiology MTH 106 Introductory Statistics Sc 101 Sub-total Communication Skills II Elective courses 1 Elective courses listed under each semester are just indicative. The student is free to elect any course from any Department/Faculty, but MUST first consult his/her academic advisor and the relevant Department.

8 viii AEA 102 Introduction to Agribusiness BTM 108 Economics of Tourism WLM 102 First Aid and Emergency Care Sub-Total Total SEMESTER 3 Core courses WLM 201 Mammalogy WLM 202 Ornithology WLM 203 Herpetology WLM 204 Ballistics VM 235 Wildlife Entomology and Parasitology WLM 206 Ichthyology FEC 202 Introduction to Natural Resources and Environmental Economics Sub-total Elective courses FMM 202 Forest Biometry EE 209 Introduction to Social Research BTM 200 Introduction to Tourism Marketing WLM 212 Sub-total Total Conservation of Wetlands SEMESTER 4 Core courses WLM 207 Range Ecology and Management WLM 208 Principles and Techniques of Wildlife Management WLM 209 Wildlife Population Ecology WLM 210 Wildlife Nutrition WLM 211 Introduction to Animal Behaviour FMM 102 Introduction to Remote Sensing and GIS VM 261 Wildlife Diseases Sub-total Elective courses BTM 210 Customer Care and Interpersonal Skills CIT 200 Computing Applications FBL 208 Sub-Total Total Climate Change SEMESTER 5 Core courses WLM 301 Wildlife Policies and Legislation WLM 302 Wildlife Conservation Education and Extension WLM 303 Criminology and Wildlife Law Enforcement WLM 304 Participatory Wildlife Conservation WLM 312 Research Project I

9 ix Sub-Total Elective courses WLM 305 Biodiversity Conservation and Monitoring BTM 303 Introduction to Coastal and Marine Ecosystems BTM 300 Tour Guiding Techniques AEA 304 Sub-total Total Business Strategy SEMESTER 6 Core courses WLM 306 Wildlife Protected Area Planning WLM 307 Infrastructure in Wildlife Protected Areas WLM 308 Wildlife Utilisation WLM 309 Wildlife-Based Tourism & Ecotourism FEC 304 Entrepreneurship skills and Development ENV 306 Environmental Impact Assessment WLM 312 Research Project II Sub total Elective courses WLM 310 Environmental Physiology WLM 311 Automobile Operating Principles FEC 301 Principles of Administration and Management FEC 305 Introductory Marketing and Financial Accounting BTM 308 Sub-Total Total Human Resource Management Field practical training The Faculty continues to attach great importance to practical training, as an essential requirement of the degree programme. The field practical schedule is shown below: Semester 2 Weeks WLM 101 Animal Kingdom (lab practical at UDSM) 1 WLM 101 Animal Kingdom 1 FBL 101 Forest Botany & FBL 102 Principles of Ecology 1 Total 3 Semester 4 Laboratory practical at CAWM, Mweka (WLM 201 (Mammalogy), WLM 202 (Ornithology), WLM 203 (Herpetology) & WLM 204 (Ballistics)) 3 WLM 207 Range Ecology and Management 1 WLM 201 Mammalogy, WLM 202 Ornithology & WLM 203 Herpetology 2 WLM 208 Principles and Techniques of WM and WLM 209 Wildlife Population Ecology 1 WLM 206 Ichthyology & WLM 212 Conservation of Wetlands 1

10 x VM 261 Wildlife Diseases 1 Total 9 Semester 6 WLM 304 Participatory Wildlife Conservation & 302 Wildlife Conservation Education and Extension 1 WLM 306 Wildlife Protected Area Planning & WLM 307 Infrastructure in Protected Areas 1 WLM 308 Wildlife Utilisation & WLM 309 Wildlife-Based Tourism & Ecotourism 1 Total 3 However, according to this curriculum, field practical arrangements have been changed to reflect the current budgetary constraints. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... ii Background... ii Justification... iii

11 REVISED CURRICULUM FOR B.Sc. (Wildlife Management) DEGREE PROGRAMME ii PRINCIPAL LEARNING OUTCOMES... iii Teaching Strategy... iv TABLE OF CONTENTS... x 1. BACKGROUND JUSTIFICATION AIMS OF THE BSC PROGRAMME PRINCIPAL LEARNING OUTCOMES...4 Teaching Strategy ASSESSMENT OF LEARNER OUTCOMES ATTRIBUTES OF GRADUATES DURATION OF THE DEGREE PROGAMME ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS SPECIAL EXAMINATION REGULATIONS FOR B. SC. (WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT) GRADING SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION OF THE DEGREE PROGRAMME COURSE STRUCTURE FIELD PRACTICALS TRAINING PROGRAMME PROGRAMME DETAILED COURSE CONTENTS FIELD PRACTICAL TRAINING CONTENTS MODALITIES...Error! Bookmark not defined. 16. EXAMINATION SCHEME...63

12 3 1. BACKGROUND The B.Sc. Wildlife Management degree programme at SUA started in After three years the University adopted a semester system, which necessitated review of all curricula. Consequently, in 2001, a new B.Sc. Wildlife Management curriculum under the semester system became operational. Since 2001 several issues have emerged. For instance, the University decided to engage consultants to carry out a study on the curricula, performance of graduates where they are employed and needs assessment of employers in relation to the training offered in various undergraduate degree programmes. The training needs assessments, job market surveys and tracer studies identified some deficiencies that had to be addressed. Among them were that: i. Skills and competencies are not adequately provided by the existing curriculum and thus it has to be significantly revised. ii. There were inadequacies in providing the necessary training to prepare students to effectively and efficiently handle their jobs after graduation. iii. Many graduates lack business and entrepreneurship skills. Apart from these findings by the consultants, the existing curriculum has more contact hours than there should be. This was a result of rounding up of credits when the University went into semester system, which caused unnecessary increase of contact hours per course. Also, SUA has been facing problems linked to inadequate funds to carry out the training effectively. A prominent problem has been insufficient funds to conduct field practical training. It was thus necessary to review all curricula at the University, including curriculum for B.Sc. Wildlife Management to address the emerging challenges. Major improvements in the reviewed curriculum include: 1. Introduction of new courses such as Introduction to Animal Behaviour, Climate Change and Natural Resources, Environmental Physiology, Automobile Operating Principles, Introduction to Coastal and Marine Ecosystems, Introduction to Tourism, Tourism, Environment and Development, Economics of Tourism, Introduction to Tourism Marketing, Tour Guiding Techniques, Customer Care and Interpersonal Skills, Basic Sociology, and Human Resource Management. Since wildlife management is basically management of people s use of the resource, and tourism, most of which is wildlife-based, is now number one in Tanzania s economy, these new courses are expected to enhance the skills and competencies of graduates. Other new courses such as Entrepreneurship & Feasibility Studies will build the graduates business and entrepreneurial skills. 2. Promotion of some courses such as Ballistics, Wildlife Entomology and Parasitology, Ichthyology and Conservation of Wetlands from elective to core. These are courses that are also fundamental to a student of wildlife management. 3. Deletion of some courses such as Biochemistry, Animal Biotechnology, Intervention Strategies of Development and Planning, and Management of Development, which have less importance to wildlife managers. 4. Reduction of field practical training for First Year students from four to three weeks and deletion of the two-week Long Field Trip for finalists. This has been done as a cost-cutting measure. As a result field practical training for finalists has been reduced by two weeks from five to three. In total field practical training period has been reduced by 16.7% from 18 to 15 weeks. 5. Reduction of contact hours for some courses by re-introducing decimal points in credits. This has left room for new courses.

13 4 6. Making it easier for people to join the programme by softening entry qualifications and widening the catchment area (see Section 10). Generally, the new curriculum will prepare students to effectively and efficiently handle a variety of jobs after graduation. 2. JUSTIFICATION Since the current curriculum has some deficiencies, the review exercise is aimed at addressing the identified deficiencies and making sure that the training is abreast with emerging global issues for producing graduates who are conversant with many facets in this dynamic world. The revised curriculum has, therefore, included new courses, including new concepts in entrepreneurship and job market preparation skills. 3. AIMS OF THE BSC PROGRAMME The main objectives of the revised curriculum for BSc. Wildlife Management is to enable production of wildlife experts who are equipped with the necessary technical, analytical, managerial and entrepreneurial skills in wildlife management and related industries for sustainable development. Specific aims of the revised curriculum and the degree programme in general are to: Provide the necessary background in technology and analytical skills, which will enable graduates to plan, design and manage wildlife enterprises and industries for sustainable wildlife practices in a multidisciplinary environment. Impart skills required in conducting basic and applied wildlife research, extension work and consultancy. Prepare graduates to address environmental and conservation issues. Prepare graduates for self-employment. Provide a sound base from which graduates can embark on postgraduate training leading to research in wildlife and related careers. 4. PRINCIPAL LEARNING OUTCOMES A. KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF SUBJECT Upon successful completion of the degree programme, graduates will be able to: A1. Demonstrate understanding of the basic concepts and theories of wildlife management and relate them to practical work-based situations; A2. Demonstrate understanding of new and emerging technologies for consumptive wildlife utilization and processing of trophies; A3. Demonstrate analytical and managerial skills for sustainable wildlife management practices in multi-disciplinary environments; A4. Demonstrate knowledge and skills to access relevant information pertaining to wildlife management or allied fields; A5. Apply their knowledge and skills to identify and mitigate a range of wildlife management problems facing the wildlife-related business industry, government, NGOs and CBOs; A6. Apply multi- and interdisciplinary approaches to plan, design and execute appropriate research in wildlife management; A7. Evaluate alternative wildlife-related economic investments and marketing strategies for different enterprises;

14 5 A8. Carry out inventory of wildlife resources in reserves, national parks and other wildliferich areas for management and marketing purposes; A9. Identify principal wildlife species and demonstrate knowledge of their habitats and values (economic, ecological ); A10. Identify and manage principal wildlife pests and diseases; A11. Demonstrate understanding and employ geographical information system (GIS) and mapping softwares in the field of wildlife management; A12. Use relevant computer packages to understand and/or solve wildlife managementrelated problems. Teaching Strategy Lectures and audio visual presentations are the main ways of imparting knowledge and skills. Others include seminars where specific cases studies may be used; tutorials; laboratory and wildlife field practical; and self study. Individual supervised research projects are also conducted. Learning strategy Lectures are the principal method of delivery of A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, and A6. Laboratory and field practical and field excursions in all years complement lectures and develop basic and advanced knowledge A7 A12. Seminars within small groups are widely used to train their communication skills. Research project in year 3 imparts and develops independent learning skills A6. Self study and assignments involve access to information from research papers, books and electronic resources. Problem-based learning A6 and computer assisted learning A12 apply. Assessment Method Written class exams (class tests and end of semester examinations) are the principle method of assessment for knowledge and understanding in most courses in all years. Timed essays, laboratory and field practical reports and other course work assignments, delivered verbally, written or both are also assessed. In addition to the above, field practicals/excursion must be passed. The individual written research project reports in year 3 are orally presented and assessed. B. SKILLS AND OTHER ATTRIBUTES DISCIPLINE-SPECIFIC/PRACTICAL SKILLS A successful student will be able to: B1. Plan and design projects, set experiments, collect and analyse data, interpret and write reports in wildlife management. B2. Identify wildlife species, describe their habits, values and habitats; identify and manage wildlife diseases, and undertake anti-poaching operations. B3. Assess environmental, social and economic impacts of wildlife related investments. B4. Promote and market wildlife resources locally and internationally. B5. Identify and investigate wildlife-related problems or issues, through appropriately planned and designed research projects, and present reports of the findings using reasoned arguments to draw clear conclusions and/or recommendations. B6. Apply a range of methods to measure, evaluate and monitor the statuses of wildlife species and habitats. B7. Observe legal aspects and manage trade in live animals and wildlife products.

15 6 B8. Prepare quality general management plans for wildlife protected areas using appropriate approaches and technologies. B9. Review documents in wildlife management and related fields. B10. Identify and mitigate wildlife resource related problems. B11.Transform wildlife resource from a liability to an asset for sustainable development Teaching strategy Professional skills relevant to wildlife management are demonstrated in lectures, seminars, laboratory classes, computing sessions, workshops and directed field work and practical exercises. Module leaders and demonstrators facilitate development of these skills. Learning strategy Students acquire skills (B1-B7) through a hand-on approach in most courses. Problemsolving skills will be developed through students working in groups on selected case studies which are based on typical real-world problems preparing for presentation and discussion of the problem in the class. Students will be required to write and present a research project report before graduation. Essays on given subjects. Field practical training at the end of each year. Assessment methods These skills are assessed through course work examinations and final examination. Field work assignments. Essays on given subjects. Laboratory and practical reports and exercises. Research project report. Oral and poster presentations. C. COGNITIVE/INTELLECTUAL SKILLS A successful student will be able to: C1. Apply wildlife management knowledge and skills to a range of resource management problems facing wildlife business industry, government departments, CBOs and NGOs. C2. Apply multi-disciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches to generate research questions and to identify and use appropriate methods in reaching and reporting conclusions (to plan, conduct and write reports on appropriate researches regarding wildlife). C3. Evaluate alternative wildlife economic investments, and marketing strategies for different enterprises. C4. Gather, analyse, synthesise, and evaluate critically information, research papers and publications regarding wildlife. C5. Plan, conduct and write reports on wildlife management projects and allied fields. C6. Understand subject-specific concepts, theories, and principles. Teaching strategy Teaching will be done through lectures, excursions, seminars, tutorials and independent reading.

16 7 Learning strategy Students learn through problem-solving approach, handling data and group discussion. Students are required to participate in lectures, seminars, practical and field trips, and work on course assignments. Self learning developed through provision of explicit directed learning tasks. Oral presentations of individual and group projects. Assessment Methods Assessment involves research project reports, assignments, case studies, seminar presentations, oral tests. D. TRANSFERABLE SKILLS A successful student will be able to: D1. Communicate information, ideas, problems, arguments and solutions about aspects of wildlife management effectively and professionally by written, graphical and verbal forms to both specialist and non-specialist audiences. D2. Collect, record, analyse, interpret and present data from a range of sources using appropriate analytical techniques. D3. Use appropriate IT packages (word processing, standard and statistical software) to solve natural resources management problems. D4. Demonstrate interpersonal skills and team work spirit. D5. Demonstrate skills and knowledge to progress to an appropriate postgraduate degree in wildlife management, or allied fields. D6. Assess environmental, social and economic impacts of wildlife conservation. Teaching strategy Lectures combine traditional presentation with interactive discussion and real-time development of models supported by the use of Information Technology. Use of IT is embedded in many courses as well as specialized modules offered in the programme. Independent student centered work requiring completion by specific deadlines. Tutorials, oral communication and presentations are practiced in seminars. Learning strategy The learning methods consist of a mixture of effective timed oral presentations, written communication and team work embedded in courses. Students are required to use Library resources and learn through production of essays, reports and case studies. Assessment methods These skills are assessed in conjunction with cognitive knowledge through a variety of strategies including; group projects, fieldwork reports, group and individual oral presentations and research project report. Course work and end of semester university examinations. Observation and measurement of tasks and demonstrations, participation in field practical training. Evaluation of research projects report.

17 8 7. ASSESSMENT OF LEARNER OUTCOMES Assessment of students for courses with practical components shall be as follows: a) Student s reports on practical work in the laboratory/field shall carry 10% of the total marks. b) Laboratory/field practical tests shall carry 25% of the total marks. c) Tests, essays, seminars and assignments shall carry 25% of the total marks; d) The end of semester university examination shall carry 40% of the total marks. Assessment of students for courses with no practical components shall be by giving tests, quizzes, essays, assignments and/or seminar presentations at appropriate stages during the semester. Class tests, assignments and quizzes shall carry 40% of the total marks; and end-of-semester examination shall carry 60% of the total marks. The pass mark for each subject shall be 50% and there shall be compensation of marks scored in one examination for another within one subject. Each student shall be required to undertake a Research Project in the last two semesters for which a report must be completed and submitted for examination at least two weeks before the final end-of-semester examinations begin. 8. ATTRIBUTES OF GRADUATES Graduates are expected to have competence in general and specific aspects of wildlife management and be able to integrate acquired skills and knowledge needed in various areas of the wildlife sector for socio-economic development of the country. They should be able to work in: i) Government ii) Non-governmental organizations iii) Universities and other training institutions iv) Research institutions v) Private companies Graduates should also be able to use their managerial and entrepreneurial skills for selfemployment by starting their own businesses. 9. DURATION OF THE DEGREE PROGAMME In accordance with the semester guidelines and standards, the duration of the degree programme will be 6 semesters for full time students and up to 12 semesters for part time students. In order to graduate, candidates in the BSc. Wildlife Management degree programme will require a minimum of 72 Credits. A student will normally be expected to have a course load of at least 12 credits per semester consisting of all core courses and selected elective courses. A student in the programme will be allowed to take any elective/core courses from any degree programme in consultation with his/her academic advisor. The elective courses shown in the curriculum are not exhaustive but only indicative.

18 9 10. ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS i) A Level Candidates Two principal level passes in Biology/Botany/Zoology, Chemistry and Physics/Geography passed at the same sitting. The sum of the three principal subjects passed at A level should not be less than 4.0 OR Two principal level passes in either Biology/Botany/Zoology and Chemistry/Physics/Geography passed at separate sittings provided they are both of Grade C or higher. ii) Diploma Candidates with Credits or Distinction Diploma in Wildlife Management, Forestry, Beekeeping, Animal Health or Animal Production passed at Second Class (Credit) or above from a recognized college AND Passes in FOUR relevant subjects at O level or TWO relevant principal passes of E grade at A level. iii) Diploma Candidates with PASS Diploma in Wildlife Management, Forestry, Beekeeping, Animal Health or Animal Production passed at PASS from a recognized college AND Passes in FOUR science subjects at O level or equivalent. The science subjects MUST include Mathematics, Chemistry, Biology/Botany/Agriculture and Physics/Geography. This category of applicants shall be required to sit and pass a Mature Age Entry Examination (MAEE). iv) Certificate Candidates Certificate in Wildlife Management, Forestry, Beekeeping, Animal Health or Animal Production passed at Credit/Distinction AND Passes in FOUR science subjects at O level or equivalent. The science subjects MUST include Mathematics, Chemistry, Biology/Botany/Agriculture and Physics/Geography. This category of applicants shall be required to sit and pass a Mature Age Entry Examination (MAEE). 11. SPECIAL EXAMINATION REGULATIONS FOR BSc. (WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT) In addition to the University s general examination regulations, the following regulations will apply in the Bachelor of Science in Wildlife Management degree programme. Candidates must satisfy the examiners in written examinations, practicals (laboratory and field) and seminars. Examiners may require a candidate to appear for an oral examination. (i) Coursework and end of semester assessments

19 10 Assessment of students for courses with practical components shall be as follows: a) Student s reports on practical work in the laboratory/field shall carry 10% of the total marks. b) Laboratory/field practical tests shall carry 25% of the total marks. c) Tests, essays, seminars and assignments shall carry 25% of the total marks; d) The end of semester university examination shall carry 40% of the total marks. Assessment of students for courses with no practical components shall be by giving tests, essays, assignments and/or seminar presentations at appropriate stages during the semester. Course work assessment and end of semester examination shall carry 40% and 60% of the total marks respectively. In addition to the above, field practicals/excursion must be passed. (ii) Pass mark The pass mark for each examination (theory and practical/oral) shall be 50%. There shall be no compensation of marks scored in one examination for another. (iii) Research Projects Each candidate shall be required to undertake a Research Project in the last 2 semesters for which a report must be completed and submitted for examination at least 2 weeks before semester 6 University examinations begin. Each candidate shall be required to appear for an examinable oral presentation of his/her Research Project proposal in semester 5. (iv) Field Practical Training The Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation attaches great importance to practical training, as an essential requirement of the degree programme. The relevant Department shall carry out the assessment of the field practical training. 12. GRADING SYSTEM The grading system shall be as stipulated in the General University Examination Regulations. 13. CLASSIFICATION OF THE DEGREE Classification of the degree shall be as stipulated in the General University Examination Regulations. 14. PROGRAMME COURSE STRUCTURE Course Ante Course Title Lect Pract Sem Credits SEMESTER 1 Core courses WLM 101 Animal Kingdom AS 102 Introductory Genetics VM 118 Vertebrate Anatomy BTM 100 Introduction to Tourism FEC 101 Introduction to Economics

20 11 CIT 100 Introduction to Microcomputers Sub-total Elective courses 2 **SC 100 Communication Skills BTM 102 Tourism, Environment and Development VM 119 General Histology *MTH 104 General Mathematics I Sub-total Total *Guided elective; all students have to take this course because of its importance. **Elective but mandatory to those classified as poor in English. SEMESTER 2 Core courses FBL 101 Forest Botany FBL 102 Principles of Ecology FBL 103 Introduction to Soil Science VM 125 Animal Physiology MTH 106 Introductory Statistics SC 101 Communication Skills II Sub-total Elective courses AEA 102 Introduction to Agribusiness BTM 108 Economics of Tourism WLM 102 First Aid and Emergency Care Sub-Total Total SEMESTER 3 Core courses WLM 201 Mammalogy WLM 202 Ornithology WLM 203 Herpetology WLM 204 Ballistics VM 235 Wildlife Entomology and Parasitology WLM 206 Ichthyology FEC 202 Introduction to Natural Resources and Environmental Economics Sub-total Elective courses FMM 202 Forest Biometry EE 209 Introduction to Social Research BTM 200 Introduction to Tourism Marketing WLM 212 Conservation of Wetlands Elective courses listed under each semester are just indicative. The student is free to elect any course from any Department/Faculty, but MUST first consult his/her academic advisor and the relevant Department.

21 12 Sub-total Total SEMESTER 4 Core courses WLM 207 Range Ecology and Management WLM 208 Principles and Techniques of Wildlife Management WLM 209 Wildlife Population Ecology WLM 210 Wildlife Nutrition WLM 211 Introduction to Animal Behaviour FMM 102 Introduction to Remote Sensing and GIS VM 261 Wildlife Diseases Sub-total Elective courses BTM 210 Customer Care and Interpersonal Skills CIT 200 Computing Applications FBL 208 Sub-Total Total Climate Change SEMESTER 5 Core courses WLM 301 Wildlife Policies and Legislation WLM 302 Wildlife Conservation Education and Extension WLM 303 Criminology and Wildlife Law Enforcement WLM 304 Participatory Wildlife Conservation WLM 312 Research Project I Sub-Total Elective courses WLM 305 Biodiversity Conservation and Monitoring BTM 303 Introduction to Coastal and Marine Ecosystems BTM 300 Tour Guiding Techniques AEA 304 Sub-total Total Business Strategy SEMESTER 6 Core courses WLM 306 Wildlife Protected Area Planning WLM 307 Infrastructure in Wildlife Protected Areas WLM 308 Wildlife Utilisation WLM 309 Wildlife-Based Tourism & Ecotourism

22 13 FEC 304 Entrepreneurship skills and Development ENV 306 Environmental Impact Assessment WLM 312 Research Project II Sub total Elective courses WLM 310 Environmental Physiology WLM 311 Automobile Operating Principles FEC 301 Principles of Administration and Management FEC 305 Introductory Marketing and Financial Accounting BTM 308 Sub-Total Total Human Resource Management

23 FIELD PRACTICALS TRAINING PROGRAMME Semester 2 Weeks WLM 101 Animal Kingdom (lab practical at UDSM) 1 WLM 101 Animal Kingdom 1 FBL 101 Forest Botany & FBL 102 Principles of Ecology 1 Total 3 Semester 4 Laboratory practical at CAWM, Mweka (WLM 201 (Mammalogy), WLM 202 (Ornithology), WLM 203 (Herpetology) & WLM 204 (Ballistics)) 3 WLM 207 Range Ecology and Management 1 WLM 201 Mammalogy, WLM 202 Ornithology & WLM 203 Herpetology 2 WLM 208 Principles and Techniques of WM and WLM 209 Wildlife Population Ecology 1 WLM 206 Ichthyology & WLM 212 Conservation of Wetlands 1 VM 261 Wildlife Diseases 1 Total 9 Semester 6 WLM 304 Participatory Wildlife Conservation & 302 Wildlife Conservation Education and Extension 1 WLM 306 Wildlife Protected Area Planning & WLM 307 Infrastructure in Protected Areas 1 WLM 308 Wildlife Utilisation & WLM 309 Wildlife-Based Tourism & Ecotourism 1 Total 3

24 PROGRAMME DETAILED COURSE CONTENTS SEMESTER 1 CORE COURSES WLM 101 Animal Kingdom 2.0 Credits (45L-30P) Pre-requisite: None Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to: 1. Demonstrate understanding of the characteristics of members of the Animal Kingdom. 2. Demonstrate familiarity with different groups in the Animal Kingdom. 3. Identify members of the Animal Kingdom using external structural features and/or behaviour. Contents: Evolutionary relationships of animal phyla. Study of the animals: Invertebrates; basic structure and biology of protozoa, nematoda, mollusca and anthropoda. Vertebrates; Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia. The chordate plan, its establishment and elaboration as exemplified by the lower chordates. The adaptability of the plan as seen in the lives of extant Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia. Practical training: Observation and identification of representative invertebrates, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. 1. Starr, C. & Taggart, R Biology. The Unity and Diversity of Life (6 th Edn). Wadsworth Publishing Company, Inc. Belmont. 2. Young, J.Z The Life of Vertebrates (3 rd Edn). Educational Low-Priced Books with Oxford University Press, Oxford. 1. John.G. Williams & Norman Arlott Collins Field Guide: Birds of East Africa. HarperCollins Publisher, London. 2. Theodor. Haltenorth & Helmut Diller Collins Field Guide: Mammals of Africa including Madagascar. HarperCollins Publisher, London 3. Tracey Hawthorne Bill Brach s Field Guide to the Snakes and other Reptiles of Southern Africa. (Ed B. Brach). New Holland Publishers Ltd, London. 4. Welty, J.C. & Baptista, L The Life of Birds (4 th ed.). Saunders College Publishing, New York. 5. Webster, D. & Webster, M Comparative Vertebrate Morphology. Academic Press, New York/London.

25 16 AS 102 Introductory Genetics 1.0 credit (20L-20P) Pre-requisites: None Learning outcome: Upon completion of this course the student will be able to demonstrate an understanding of the fundamental principles of heredity in eukaryotes and the way in which biological information is stored, expressed and passed from one generation to the next. Contents: Definition of terms related to genetics, Importance of genetics in Agriculture. Mendelian genetics: inheritance at a single locus and Mendel s principle of segregation, inheritance at two loci and Mendel s principle of independent assortment, Extension of Mendelian principles to multiple alleles. Sex-linkage.Types of gene expression and gene interactions. Chromosomal basis of inheritance. Mitosis and cell division, meiosis and gametogenesis. Sex determination in mammals and birds. Genetic linkage and genetic mapping in Eukaryotes. The structure and function of genetic material: DNA as genetic material, RNA as genetic material, the chemical composition of DNA and RNA, the physical structure of DNA. The organization of DNA into chromosomes. DNA replication and recombination. The transcription process and RNA molecules. The genetic code and translation of the genetic message. Regulation of gene expression and development in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. Mutations: Chromosomal mutations - Variations in chromosome structure and variations in chromosome number. Gene mutation - types of gene mutations and causes of mutations. Practical: Observation of inheritance of some traits in different farm animals, predicting the outcome of matings among different genotypes, construction of linkage maps, isolation of genetic material. VM 118 Vertebrate Anatomy 2.5 Credits (50L-50P) Co-requisite: WLM 101 or the equivalent Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to: 1. Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of vertebrate anatomy 2. Identify gross morphology of vertebrates. Contents: Introduction: morphological characteristics and classification of vertebrates, organs and systems of the vertebrate body. A study of comparative osteology, arthrology, myology, splanchnology, neurology, sensory organs and the integument of the vertebrates with emphasis to species adaptation.