Managing Diversity. Third Edition. Toward a Globally Inclusive Workplace (DSAGE. Michalle E. Mor Barak. University of Southern California

Transcription

1 Third Edition Managing Diversity Toward a Globally Inclusive Workplace Michalle E. Mor Barak University of Southern California (DSAGE Los Angeles London New Delhi Singapore Washington DC

2 Contents List of Boxes, Figures, and Tables Preface and Acknowledgments ix xiii ± Introduction and Conceptual Framework 1 The Challenge of Managing Diversity in a Global Context 2 Tensions Posed by Global Workforce Trends 3 Diversity and Exclusion: A Critical Workforce Problem 6 The Inclusive Workplace Model 8 Conceptual Framework and Organization of the Book 12 PART I: THE GLOBAL CONTEXT FOR DIVERSITY MANAGEMENT 15 2 Diversity Legislation in a Global Perspective: Equality and Fairness in Employment 17 The International Bill of Human Rights and Employment Rights 18 Importance and Influence of the Declaration of Human Rights 22 Implementation 23 Diversity-Related Employment Legislation 26 Broad-Based Antidiscrimination Legislation 26 Practical Implications 40 Appendix 2.1. Universal Declaration of Human Rights 42 Appendix 2.2. Global Antidiscrimination and Equal Rights Legislation Checklist of Protections Offered by a Select Number of Countries 47 > Discrimination, Equality, and Fairness in Employment: Social Policies and Affirmative/Positive Action Programs 55 Discrimination and Equality in Employment 56 Theoretical Perspectives of Discrimination and Affirmative Action 59 Social Policies and Affirmative/Positive Action Programs 61

3 Principles of Affirmative Action and Positive Action Programs 64 The Public Debate Over Affirmative and Positive Action Policies 69 Global Demographic Trends: Impact on Workforce Diversity 77 Martha Farnsworth Riche and Michalle E. Mor Barak International Population Trends 78 National Trends 89 D Sodoeconomic Transitions: The New Realities of the Global Workforce 99 Martha Farnsworth Riche and Michalle E. Mor Barak Worker Migration 101 Occupational Diversity 104 Migration of Employers 106 Implications for Diversity of Gender, Disability, and Sexual Orientation 111 Educational Trends and Workforce Diversity 112 PART II: SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES OF WORKFORCE DIVERSITY Defining Diversity in a Global Context: Prejudice and Discrimination 121 Workforce Diversity Defined 122 Toward a Global Definition of Diversity 134 Stereotypes and Prejudice 137 Dehumanization and Oppression 145 Employment-Related Discrimination 147 / Vive la Difference? Theoretical Perspectives on Diversity and Exclusion in the Workplace 153 Diversity and Exclusion: A Critical Workforce Problem 154 Theoretical Underpinnings of the Inclusion-Exclusion Construct 156 Research on Organizational Demography Documenting Exclusion 159 Social Psychological Theories on Diversity and Intergroup Relations Culture and Communication in the Global Workplace 175 The Cultural Context for the Global Workplace 176 Cross-Cultural Communication 185 Effective Cross-Cultural Communication 187

4 7 Interpersonal Relationships in a Global Work Context 197 Jeffrey Sanchez-Burks and Michalle E. Mor Barak Cultural Styles and Relational Mental Models 199 Diversity in Interpersonal Relationships 202 Interpersonal Relationships and Cross-Cultural Communication 207 Theoretical Perspectives on Interpersonal Cross-Cultural Communication 207 PART III: MANAGING A DIVERSE WORKFORCE IN THE GLOBAL CONTEXT THE INCLUSIVE WORKPLACE Diversity Management and Leadership: Paradigms, Rationale, and Key Elements 217 Defining Diversity Management 217 From Equal Rights Laws, to Affirmative/Positive Action, to Diversity Management 220 Diversity Management Paradigms 223 The Impetus for Implementing Diversity Management 228 Characteristics and Limitations of Diversity Management 230 Organizational Leadership and Diversity Management 232 An Overview of the Inclusive Workplace Model: Managing the Globalized Workforce Diversity 237 Diversity Management and the Inclusive Workplace 238 The Inclusive Workplace: Level I Inclusion Through Diversity Within the Work Organization 241 Inclusive Policies and Practices 242 Barriers and Benefits of Implementing the Inclusive Approach at Level I 245 Case Illustration: Level I Inclusion Through Diversity Within Work Organizations Denny's, Inc. 249 Questions for Discussion and Further Analysis 256 The Inclusive Workplace: Level II Inclusion Through Corporate-Community Collaborations 259 Inclusive Policies and Practices 261 Barriers and Benefits of Implementing the Inclusive Approach at Level II 263 Case Illustration: Level II Inclusion Through Corporate-Community Collaboration Unilever 266 Questions for Discussion and Further Analysis 273

5 14 The Inclusive Workplace: Level III Inclusion Through State/National Collaborations Barriers and Benefits of Implementing the Inclusive Approach at Level III 280 Case Illustration: Level III Inclusion of Disadvantaged Groups at the National/State Level Eurest 282 Questions for Discussion and Further Analysis 288 The Inclusive Workplace: Level IV Inclusion Through International Collaborations 291 Barriers and Benefits to Implementing the Inclusive Approach at Level IV 295 Case Illustration: Level IV Inclusion Through Global Collaborations The Fair Trade Company 296 Fair Trade History 297 Global Village and the Fair Trade Company 299 Fair Trade Future 301 Questions for Discussion and Further Analysis Toward a Globally Inclusive Workplace: Putting the Pieces Together 305 The Value Base for the Inclusive Workplace 305 Implementation of the Inclusive Workplace 307 Appendix 311 References, 325 Index 373 About the Author 391