Minimum Documentation Fiche 2003

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1 Minimum Documentation Fiche 2003 of buildings, sites and neighbourhoods of the composed by national/regional working party of: DOCOMOMO COLOMBIA 0.1 Picture of building Ilustration 1 Depicted item: Exterior view from the center of the campus Ciudad Universitaria UNAL Source: NIÑO M, Carlos, Arquitectura y Estado; Empresa Editorial Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Bogotá, ISBN: pp. 178, figura 244. Tomado de Archivo del MOPT (Ministerio de Obras Públicas Colombia Hoy en el Archivo Nacional de Colombia Bogotá) Date: c db code 1. Identity of building/group of buildings/urban scheme/landscape/garden 1.1 current name of building: Faculty of Law National University of Colombia 3

2 1.2 variant or former name: Faculty of Law- National University of Colombia number & name of street: Carrera 30 No Town: Bogotá Province/state: Cundinamarca zip code: Country: Colombia national grid reference: Latitude: 4 38'7.69"N / Longitude: 74 5'1.86"W classification/typology: Educational EDC Protection status & date: National - Bien de Interés Cultural (Cultural Interest Asset); Resolution III-1995 (Proposed); Decreto VIII-1996 (Declared); Delimited Area of Influence: Decreto III History of building 2.1 Original brief/purpose: Faculty of Law: Classrooms, administrative staff, services Dates: commission/completion: Office of National Buildings from the Ministry of 14 Public Works 1938 / Construction: Ministry of Public Works: Architectural and other designers: Architect Alberto Wills Ferro / Office of National 15 Buildings from the Ministry of Public Works Others associated with building: Architect Luz Amorocho / architect Guillermo Melo Significant alterations with dates : two classrooms in the first floor were reformed - between (unknown exact date) - a third floor was added for offices an meeting rooms part of the hall on the second floor was adapted for classrooms. Project by Architect Luz Amorocho ( Planning office UNINAL ) first floor modified to introduce a cafeteria area, on the second floor a new deposit area cleared and more office space in the third floor. Project by Architect Guillermo Melo ( Planning office UNINAL ) 2.6 Current use: Law Faculty Building - No. Classrooms: 18 with aprox capacity of seats; No. of Teaching Laboratories: 1 with aprox. capacity of 21 seats; No of auxilary space: 1; Teaching facilities: 1 Library, 2 spaces for photocopies and publications; No of administrative offices: 8 with aprox. Capacity of 15 people; No of teachers offices: 1 with capacity for 2 teachers; Cafeteria: Current condition: The building is in a state of good repair and it is in use today. The third floor addition made a great impact in the whole of the building diminishing its aesthetic significance Description 3.1 General description: The composition of the building is based on classical principles of symmetry in plan, with a very generous hall in the center, which permits access from both sides of the building. This disposition responds to the general project for the campus done by the German Architect Leopoldo Rother ( ) with the participation in 1937 of the also German Architect Erich Lange; concentric in disposition, the circulation walk and driveways enclose the axial disposition of the 20

3 five original faculties: Law, Architecture, Engineering; Medicine and Chemistry around a big lawn open space in the center. A two floor building with a sloped roof and parapets above the roof line. The building has two principal but different facades, one to the external walkway, and the other to the central lawn. The hall in the center of the composition is a big architectural event with symmetric stairways on both sides landing towards the external facade on to the driveway. A purist volume composition painted white punctuated by a series of identical openings in a symmetrical disposition, with horizontal and vertical lines emphasized in grey, probably concrete, elements; the window panel in the center of the composition is a significant feature of the composition although one of the least preserved. 3.2 Construction: concrete structure, with a wooden structured roof finished in terracotta tiles ( tejas de barro ). Masonry walls finished in plaster painted white ( vinyl painting water based ). Iron railings and window framing painted white with oil painting. Terrazzo floor finishing. (3,583 m2 of construction) 3.3 Context: The campus of the National University of Colombia is a govermental project promoted by the President Alfonso López Pumarejo in his first period during the years In the year 1935 a law (ley 68 de 1935) passed in which the National University of Colombia was reconstituted as an autonomous organism which permitted a conceptual renewal of the academic scheme as well as the administrative organization. This is a consequence of 10 years during which the Kemmerer Commission (an economic specialist consultant group coming from USA) accompanied the government. The German specialist in education Fritz Karsen was consulted for the revision of the existent scheme and a new proposal which could promote the liberal interests of modernization. The new program insisted in the creation of a global university scheme, organized in departments integrated around five groups around the five Faculties which represented the principal areas of knowledge, bearing in mind the needs of a nation. These departments shared administrative and general academic and student services. An international search for the professionals who could develop such an urbanistic and architectural project was called upon; the Architect Leopoldo Rother responded from Germany and came to work in the Office of Public Buildings from the Ministry of Public Works. There beside Fritz Karsen started working on the project, the Architect Alberto Wills Ferro was the director of the office at the ministry, and finally the project was presented to the president

4 Around the year 1937 there appears another German Architect Erich Lange who gets part in the final project to be built. He has a great significance in the definition of the project since the original conception of Rother was much more rationalistic in terms of morphology and composition, while the former defined the project much more in a traditionalistic manner with Deco detailing of the plan and the facades. The project for the campus of the National University of Colombia has had several modifications from the origin, but still show a very solid urban conception which still prevails. 4 Evaluation Technical: In general terms the building presents no technical assets, it is built in the typical way for the time and although it involves the use of concrete for the structure, 4.1 the roof is still worked in wood and finished in terracotta tiles. Masonry walls, plastered and painted white with vinyl painting on a water base. Iron railings and window frames, painted white in oil base painting. Terrazzo floor finishes. Social: The incidence of the National University campus in Bogotá was of great significance for the community since it constituted the laboratory of modern architecture for the younger generations in Colombia; besides being in the physical 4.2 educational campus experiencing the modern architecture, the architects which made these projects were actually the teachers of these people who latter became the architects of the nation. The buildings isolated constitute also the representation of a new structure of thought during the modernization of the nation. Cultural & Aesthetic: The reference of the National University to the people in 4.3 Colombia is of great significance because it constituted the aperture of the public university to the population. The buildings in the campus also represent the diversity

5 4.4 of cultural interests and manifestations since the seventy years since the first urban traces in of the campus have seen several interventions of international (in the origin) and national architects trained in Colombia. The site constituted one of the first modern manifestations at such scale and is still a reference in terms of patrimonial recognition. The building of the Faculty of Law is a very interesting icon since it represents the other lines in the development of modern architecture during the canonical years of 20s and 30s; the composition of the building is classical in its basis but is influenced by Deco tendencies. Historical: The building constitutes an icon in the development of the National University campus since it is the one of the original buildings in the project which got to be built. One could make a resemblance of the façade of this building with the architectonic tendencies during the thirties in New York as well as other major cities in the United States, a geometric composition of the façade with big window panels and emphasized vertical lines. 4.5 General assessment: The building of the Faculty of Law in the National University of Colombia campus in Bogotá represents the interests of a traditional society which is interested in showing a modern image to the citizens Documentation 5.1 principal references: 1. AMOROCHO, Luz, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Planta Física , Bogotá, Proa Monografías Arquitectura 1, Ediciones Proa, Bogotá, (No registra ISBN ISNN) 2. NIÑO M, Carlos, Arquitectura y Estado; Empresa Editorial Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Bogotá, ISBN: CORTÉS S., Rodrigo (Dirección y Coordinación general), Ciudad aparte. Proyecto y realidad en la Ciudad Universitaria de Bogotá, Bogotá; Panamericana Formas e Impresos S.A.; 2006; ISBN: ARANGO C., Silvia, Historia de un Itinerario, Bogotá; UNIBIBLOS Universidad Nacional de Colombia; 2002; ISBN: secondary references: 1. ANGULO FLÓREZ, Eduardo. Cincuenta años de arquitectura: Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá), Asociación de Arquitectos, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, DEL CASTILLO DAZA, Juan Carlos. Bogotá, el tránsito a la ciudad moderna 1920 a Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Bogotá. Editora Guadalupe. Bogotá 2003 ISBN: DEVIA JIMÉNEZ, Martha. Leopoldo Rother en la Ciudad Universitaria. Escuela de arquitectura y Urbanismo, Facultad de Artes. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá ISBN: Instituto Colombiano de Cultura. Monumentos nacionales de Colombia Catálogo. Investigación CEAM. Dirigida por Alberto Saldarriaga. Editorial Escala, Bogotá Ministerio de Relaciones exteriores, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Facultad de artes-. Universidad de los Andes Facultad de Arquitectura-. La arquitectura en Colombia. (Síntesis de la exposición). Dirección general de la investigación: arq. Silvia Arango. Editorial Escala, Bogotá ISBN

6 6. SALDARIAGA ROA, Alberto. Bogotá Siglo XX, urbanismo, arquitectura y vida urbana, Alcaldía Mayor, departamento administrativo de planeación distrital, visual material attached: 1. Ministry of Public Works Archives today in the Nacional Archive of Colombia Bogotá ( Archivo Ministerio de Obras Públicas (MOPT) ) 2. IGAC Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazi Bogotá (Colombia) Reporter/date: Paula Echeverri Montes & Roberto Londoño Niño Department of 5.3 Architecture UNIANDES / Bogotá, Agosto Septiembre

7 6. Fiche report examination by ISC/R name of examining ISC member: date of examination: approval: Wp/ref. no: comments: NAI ref. no: