THE IMPACT OF MATRIX TREATMENT (FAMILY TRAINING) IN REDUCING THE AMOUNT OF DRUG CONSUMPTION IN CRACK ADDICTS

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1 Indian J.Sci.Res. 7() : , 20 ISSN : (Print) ISSN : (Online) THE IMPACT OF MATRIX TREATMENT (FAMILY TRAINING) IN REDUCING THE AMOUNT OF DRUG CONSUMPTION IN CRACK ADDICTS MOHSEN MANSOOBIFAR a, MAHMOOD BORJALI b AND SEYYED HOSSEIN SEID c ab Department of Psychology, College Of Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University,Alborz, Iran c Department of Clinical Psychology, College Of Psychology, Karaj Branch,Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran ABSTRACT Trend in drug abuse and addiction is the main issues in the field of social harms that has preoccupied minds of many researchers.regarding the importance of this issue, the aim of this study who referred to the Karaj clinic with irritants crack in 203.In order to select case group available sampling was used.the total number of participants were all patients who referred to clinics in the city of Karaj with irritants crack and was to investigate the impact of matrix treatment (family training ) in reducing the amount of drug consumption in crack addicts. The population were included all patients stimulants selected 30 patients randomly and has been put them in an experimental and control groups. The instrument was Addiction Severity Index Questionnaire (Mc Lylan, 200). For data analysis, multivariate analysis of covariance was used. The results of this study indicated that matrix treatment (family training) was effective in reducing the consumption of crack in addicts than in the control in their group status, legal status and family status. KEYWORDS: Matrix treatment (family training), the consumption of drugs, Narcotic substances Drug use is one of the major problems of many countries in the world; however, drug addiction is as a relatively new special condition in the late eighteenth century and early nineteenth century. Addiction is a chronic, relapsing disorder that can threat to individual and social health. Drug abuse is now recognized as one of the major social harm so that not only is a danger to public and individual health but also it provides the background for psychological and moral decadence. (Adiojeks, Brizet, Marsh, Lazon and Anis, 2009). One of the dangerous drug crack that is most common today. Some of crack addiction symptoms can be included marked changes in personality and behavior, loss of focus, weight loss, disappearance appliances, home prices and the lack of explanation for the amount of spent money, traveling with addicts, significant confusion, behavior vindictive toward male supporters with family and friends, irregular sleep pattern, apparent neglect of Adornment Extreme paranoia (suspicion of all), restlessness and an early indication of crack abuse, abrupt separation of physical / psychological family circle and his dramatic behavior change (Zakariaie, 20). Currently, treatment of addiction is in the first line of defense in the fight against disease behavior, such as AIDS and hepatitis, and one of the most important public health problems in the world (Mato et al, 2006). Review of previous studies shows the effectiveness of drug treatment preservative without psychosocial intervention that is poor because of low and high rates of loss drug compliance (Rimza et al, 2005). Now the American Psychiatric Association (999) should be considered Psychosocial treatment of the major components of any type of substance abuse treatment programs."matrix" is the name of the first specific treatment for amphetamine substance that its original model has been developed in Western countries. This method includes group therapy sessions for patients, family and group psychotherapy sessions for family members, and other interventions and skills training necessary for avoiding this substance. (Ravsen et al, 990).Regarding the importance of this area of investigation the question in present study is whether the matrix treatment (family training) is effective in reducing drug consumption in addicted who are dependent in heroin? METHOD The researchers used a quasi-experimental and conducted in pre-test - post-test with control group. Therefore, 30 patients who were suffering from crack addiction in Karaj were selected after matching for their age, sex, and lack of personality Corresponding author

2 disorder. These patients after doing these preliminaries has been trained such as ethics and describe the treatment period matrix (family training) therapy and education groups. INSTRUMENTS Addiction Severity Index: In order to evaluate the clinical status of patients, Addiction Severity Index, Fifth Edition (Mac Lylan et al, 995) was used.it is a semi-structured interview that implemented by trained researchers through face to face interaction with patients. This questionnaire collected patients problems in each area during the last 30 days, last year and their lifetime. This scale contains 6 questions. Eight questions are about a medical condition, 27 questions are about the job situation, 2 questions are regarding the status of drugs and alcohol, 27 questions are on legal status, family status, and 3 of questions are about the patient's mental status. Evaluating the reliability and validity of the Persian version used in this study has been done by Atef et al, Department of Tehran University, in cooperation with the National Center for Addiction Studies and budget of the Center for Combating Drugs (Minooei et al, 2002). RESULTS In Table, the mean and standard deviation of consumption in the pre-test and post-test and control groups are presented. Table : The mean and standard deviation of consumption in the pre-test and post-test and control and experimental groups control SD M 0 / 0 /7 0 /09 0 /08 0 /28 0 /53 0 /32 0 /9 0 / 0 /0 0 /0 0 /25 0 /8 0 /28 0 /32 0 / 0 /0 0 /9 0 /08 0 /3 0 /9 0 /7 Experimental(crack) SD M 0 /2 0 /23 0 / 0 /2 0 /2 0 /58 0 /9 0 /8 0 / 0 /3 0 /37 0 /09 0 /2 0 / 0 /09 0 /3 0 /08 0 /3 0 /5 0 /7 0 /09 0 /7 0 /2 0 /29 stages variable Medical status Job status legal status Family status Mental status narcotic substance use As shown in Table () the findings indicate a decrease in mean of Addiction Severity scales in experimental with each other and with the control group on indicators of family status, mental status, and narcotic substance use According to some of these dependent variables and testing this variable and pre-test and post-tests of multiple covariance (MANCOVA) was used. Therefore, independent variables were in the crack experimental and control groups and pre-test sizes of indicators were covariate variables (medical status, job status, legal status, family status, mental status, and substance use) and post-test sizes of indicators (medical status, job status, legal status, family status, mental status, and substance use) were dependent variables. Bartlett's test has been used in order to Investigating the correlation between the size of the dependent variables. The results indicated that the test is meaningful. (p<0.05) This matter shows that there is sufficient correlation between the dependent measures for multiple covariances. According to Levens test, the results of the test of equality of error variance is not significant.this implies that the error variance between the independent variables is the same for all levels. Indian J.Sci.Res. 7() : , 20

3 Table 2: The results of multiple covariance test about experimental and control groups in the amount of crack use F 3 /0* 3 /0* 3 /0* 3 /0* Error df Based on the above table it can be said that Fyla track statistics, Wilks' lambda, T tracing Hatlyng largest epilhizous show that it is possible to reject the equality hypothesis based on the dependent Assumed df Amount 0 /78 0 / 2 / /7 0 /0 **P< 0 /05 tests Fyla track Wilks' lambda Hatlyng T track Largest epilhizous Groups Group variables for both groups. Now, to understand which of the variables are the differences, analysis of variance between groups test has been used. Table 3: The results of variance analysis test for the effect of groups and interaction in the amount of crack consumption Size of effect 2 0 /0 0 /007 0 /37 0 /3 Sig 0 /26 0 /92 0 /96 0 /73 0 /30 0 /0 F /25 0 /0 0 /89 37 /5 6 /7 Mean square df Collected square 0 /7 0 /7 0 / 0 / 0 /0 **P< 0 /05 *P< Dependent variable Medical status Job status Salary status Family status Mental status Substance use Source of changes Groups As it can be seen in Table 3, despite the differences between control and experimental groups,as previously mentioned,analysis of variance shows significant differences between experimental and control groups (p<0.05).so,it would be say matrix treatment (family training ) has led to better performance in the experimental group on employment status, legal status, family status than control group. Mean of experimental group at substance use indicators in Table clearly shows this matter. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS As we know, dependency on narcotic substance for different reasons impedes growth and development of human beings and cause destruction of human life. Effects and negative, harmful and destructive individual, family, social, moral, spiritual abuse, dependence and addiction has caused that addicts and their families and authorities try to do special actions for preventing to return to addiction and get help from specialists such as psychiatrists, psychologists, counselors and social workers. Drug abusing increases the risk of injury and death, interpersonal violence, road accidents, increased risk behavior, unwanted pregnancies, diseases such as AIDS and academic problems (Flisher, Zierrogel,, & Charlton,996, Miller Listing and Smith, 200) Thus, addiction and substance abuse problems should be known as one of the most bio - psycho - social problems.(robinson and Bridge, 2003, Goldstein and Velko, 2002, the National Institute of Drug Addiction, 2007; Cui and Ryan, 2007). This study carried out to evaluate the efficacy of Matrix treatment (family training) in reducing drug use in addicts who are dependent to crack. Results of multivariate analysis of covariance indicated that Matrix treatment (family training) was effective on reducing the consumption of alcohol, crack in addicts and also was effective on employment status, legal status, family status of control group. These findings indicate the effectiveness of these interventions in reducing the return and reduce consumption in opiate-dependent individuals. These findings are consistent with the results of studies by Kalduie (20), Rawson, Ebert, McCann, Smith and Ling (990), Bishop Tau and colleagues (997), Ebert, Landvn and Rawson (2002) Indian J.Sci.Res. 7() : , 20

4 and Roll et al (2009). The goal of Matrix treatment is to create a framework that drug abusers are able to achieve these goals and are included: stop to using drugs, holding therapy, learning issues that are critical to addiction and return, receive guidance and support from the therapist and trained family members who have been affected by addiction and understanding self-help program and monitoring by urine tests. Increasing patient and family information about the disease of addiction and addictive behavior, how to create and how to treat them. Skills for preventing of drug craving induced and control it. Skills, relapse prevention and management of suspected cases of slip and ways to stay clean Healthy life skills such as planning, communication with others, and entertainment... Improving psychological and mental problems with their stress. Management of physical disorders associated with addiction. Model Matrix (Rawson et al, 995) was established in response to the demand for outpatient treatment for substance abuse treatment services.the purpose of this program was to develop a model for outpatient substance abuse needs of patients and also responsive protocol repeated stimuli and to make the assessment. Drug treatment greatly eclipsed that previous research areas (Marley and Gordon, 995). Which are related to group and family therapy, medication education, self-help participation and supervision and observation on drug abuse.more than 5000 people who addicted to cocaine and over,000 people who use methamphetamine have been treated with this method. The experience of patients was the source of information that have been used in progress to determine comprehensive treatment models. This model extends to brings treatment to the clinical needs of consumers of alcohol and dependent individuals to opioid (Roll, Rawson, Ling,& Shoptaw,2009). Some of limitations of this study were included due to time and space limitations of this study as well as restrictions access, this research didn t conducted on all groups of opiatedependent. Based on the obtained results of this study, it can be offered in the Matrix Model can be used in treatment and addiction centers, The treatment depends on the family are suggested according to the results of research. REFERENCES American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fourth Edition (translated by Mohammad Reza Nikhkoo and Avadis Yans, 2002). Tehran: speech. Zkikariaie, MA (2002). Addiction Research, Journal of Substance Abuse. Second year. Spring. No. 6. Lavasani, F. (992). Investigation on style in paranoid delusions,harm and injury and comparison with psychiatric controls. Master's thesis. Allameh Tabatabai University. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences. Kalduie, A. (20). Comparative efficacy of mindfulness-based matrix and prevent the return of the combined approach in preventing the return of people referring to addiction Zahedan, unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Allameh Tabatabai University. Minooie,,M and Salehi, M.. (2002). Evaluating the feasibility, reliability, validity and standardization of tests MAC-R, AAS, APS to identify individuals at risk and prone to substance abuse among high school students in Tehran. Journal of Substance Abuse, the first year of the third number. Botvin, G. J., Griffin, K. W. M., Diaz, T., & fill- Williams, M. (200) Drug abuse prevention among minority adolescents: one- Year follow- up of a school- based preventive intervention. Prevention Science, 2,-3. Choi, S., & Ryan., J. (2007). Co- occurring problems for substance abusing mothers in child welfare: Matching services to improve family reunification. Children and Youth Services Review, 29, Flisher, a. J. Zierrogel, C. F., & Charlton, D. O. (996). Risk taking behavior of cape peninsula high school students. Part X. Multivariate relationships among behaviors. Indian J.Sci.Res. 7() : , 20

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