Medical Assistant I. Table of Contents. Health Occupations Related Content Standards 2

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1 This course is the first of three courses designed to assist the student to develop attitudes, behaviors, and skills necessary to achieve a successful career as a multi-skilled medical assistant. Emphasis is placed on comprehension, administrative clerical skills, and general clinical applications for entry-level employment. Topics will include critical thinking skills that are reinforced by oral and written communication skills. Anatomy and physiology will be utilized to help identify normal ranges and abnormalities. Diseases, signs and symptoms, medical terminology, treatments, diagnostic testing, clerical skills, and physical examinations will be studied. Appropriate work-based learning strategies for this course are laboratory skills simulations, projects, teamwork, and career and technical student organizations. For two credits to be granted, class time must meet the requirements in Bulletin 741, and additional work must be assigned and evaluated. Recommended prerequisites: Introduction to Health Careers and Medical Terminology Table of Contents Health Occupations Related Content Standards 2 Introduction to 7 Anatomy and Physiology 7 Medical Terminology 8 Medical Law 8 Social and Ethical Issues 8 Human Relations/Communication 8 Patient Relations/Attitudes/Behavior 8 Equipment Use and Safety 9 Physical Examination 9 Personal Contact 9 Knowledge of Diseases 9 Vital Signs 10 CPR/First Aid 10 Diagnostic Testing 11 Laboratory Skills 11 Clinical Applications 11 Resources 13 Internet Sites 13 Page 1

2 Louisiana Health Occupations Education Related Content Standards *All benchmarks are not marked for all Health Occupations courses. Introduction to Med. Assistant I Anatomy and Physiology Medical Terminology Medical Law Medical & Ethical Issues Human Relations/Communications Patient Ed./Attitudes/Behavior Equipment Use and Safety Physical Examinations Personal Conduct Knowledge of Diseases Vital Signs CPR/First Aid Diagnostic Testing Laboratory Skills Clinical Applications Strand 1.0: Academic Foundation Standard 1.1 Health Occupations students will know the subject matter required for proficiency within their area and utilize this knowledge as needed in their role. 1. Read and write proficiently. 2. Interpret charts, graphs, reports, and manuals. 3. Perform mathematical operations, including computations and conversions, weights and measures. 4. Master use of health care terminology, symbols, and abbreviations specific to career area. 5. Apply knowledge of life sciences such as biology, anatomy and physiology, chemistry, physics, and human growth and development. 6. Utilize knowledge of disease processes relating to body systems. 7. Research the history and current trends specific to career health occupations. 8. Identify career challenges, responsibilities, and specific health occupation skills. Strand 2.0: Communication Standard 2.1 Health Occupations students will use appropriate verbal and nonverbal communication to establish an effective therapeutic relationship. 1. Recognize the importance of effective communication. 2. Evaluate others ability to communicate and comprehend. 3. Demonstrate a knowledge of attitudes and behaviors that act as communication barriers. 4. Identify elements necessary for meaningful communication to take place. Page 2

3 Louisiana Health Occupations Education Related Content Standards *All benchmarks are not marked for all Health Occupations courses. Introduction to Med. Assistant I Anatomy and Physiology Medical Terminology Medical Law Medical & Ethical Issues Human Relations/Communications Patient Ed./Attitudes/Behavior Equipment Use and Safety Physical Examinations Personal Conduct Knowledge of Diseases Vital Signs CPR/First Aid Diagnostic Testing Laboratory Skills Clinical Applications 5. Adapt to individual needs, including paraphrasing or translating. 6. Demonstrate an understanding of multicultural and multilingual needs and capabilities. 7. Use tools of communication specific to each facility s policy and procedures. 8. Access and process electronically produced information. 9. Practice confidentiality in all facets of communication. Strand 3.0: Health Care Systems Standard 3.1 Health Occupations students will understand how their role fits into the overall health care environment. 1. Explain the organizational structure in health care facilities. 2. Utilize facility resources, staff, policy, and procedure manuals. 3. Participate in career and technological student organizations, such as VICA and HOSA. Standard 3.2 Health Occupations students will identify how key systems affect services performed and quality care. 1. Explain the array of services available to clients, patients, and residents. 2. Identify methods of reimbursements affecting the quality of health care delivery. Strand 4.0: Employability Skills Standard 4.1 Health Occupations students will understand how employability skills enhance their employment opportunities and career satisfaction. 1. Research various health occupations, career opportunities, employer expectations, and employment outlook. 2. Investigate various health occupations, career options, and educational requirements. 3. Contrast certification, registration, and licensure. Page 3

4 Louisiana Health Occupations Education Related Content Standards *All benchmarks are not marked for all Health Occupations courses. Introduction to Med. Assistant I Anatomy and Physiology Medical Terminology Medical Law Medical & Ethical Issues Standard 4.2 Health Occupations students will demonstrate key employability skills and will maintain and upgrade skills as necessary. 1. Utilize analytical skills to solve problems and make decisions regarding employment. 2. Exhibit personal skills, such as attendance, time management, and individual responsibility. 3. Demonstrate professional conduct, integrity, and appearance. 4. Acquire technology skills. 5. Practice flexibility in adapting to changing situations. 6. Develop and complete professional portfolio. Strand 5.0: Ethics and Legal Responsibilities Standard 5.1 Health Occupations students will understand their legal responsibilities, limitations, accepted ethical practices, and the implications of their actions within the health care environment. 1. Understand malpractice, negligence, and other liability issues. 2. Demonstrate and understanding of the importance of the Patient s Bill of Rights and Code of Ethics. 3. Contrast Scope of Practice for specific careers. 4. Recognize the significance of patients, residents, and clients confidentiality. Human Relations/Communications Patient Ed./Attitudes/Behavior Equipment Use and Safety Physical Examinations Personal Conduct Knowledge of Diseases Vital Signs CPR/First Aid Diagnostic Testing Laboratory Skills Clinical Applications Page 4

5 Louisiana Health Occupations Education Content Standards Curriculum Framework *All benchmarks are not marked for all Health Occupations courses. Introduction to Med. Assistant I Anatomy and Physiology Medical Terminology Medical Law Medical & Ethical Issues Human Relations/Communications Patient Ed./Attitudes/Behavior Equipment Use and Safety Physical Examinations Personal Conduct Knowledge of Diseases Vital Signs CPR/First Aid Diagnostic Testing Laboratory Skills Clinical Applications Standard 5.2 Health Occupations students will perform their duties according to regulations, policies, laws, ethical codes, and legislated rights of patients, residents and clients. 1. Operate within the Scope of Practice. 2. Comply with legal requirements for documentation. 3. Report any activity that adversely affects the health, safety, or welfare of clients or fellow workers. 4. Recognize and respect the patient s rights associated with religious and cultural differences. 5. Promote justice and equal treatment for all persons. 6. Maintain patient confidentiality. Strand 6.0: Safety Practices/Infection Control Standard 6.1 Health Occupations students will understand the rationale, regulations, recommendations, and training that govern safety practices and infection control in health care facilities. 1. Identify the functions of OBRA, OSHA, and other governing agencies. 2. Describe OSHA mandates and Standard Precautions to control the spread of infection and prevent injury. 3. Identify principles for proper body mechanics for patient and self. 4. Identify proper procedures in the event of fire and other emergencies. Standard 6.2 Health Occupations students will prevent injury or illness by following approved health and safety policies and procedures. 1. Demonstrate Standard Precautions to control the spread of infection. Page 5

6 Louisiana Health Occupations Education Related Content Standards *All benchmarks are not marked for all Health Occupations courses. Introduction to Med. Assistant I Anatomy and Physiology Medical Terminology Medical Law Medical & Ethical Issues Human Relations/Communications Patient Ed./Attitudes/Behavior Equipment Use and Safety Physical Examinations Personal Conduct Knowledge of Diseases Vital Signs CPR/First Aid Diagnostic Testing Laboratory Skills Clinical Applications 2. Safely operate commonly used equipment. 3. Demonstrate proper emergency procedures and protocols. 4. Apply the principles of proper body mechanics for patient and self. 5. Comply with pertinent regulatory guidelines. Strand 7.0: Interpersonal Skills and Teamwork Standard 7.1 Health Occupations students will understand the role and responsibilities of each member of the health care team and interact professionally. 1. Respect interdisciplinary, cultural, and religious differences among team members and health care recipients. 2. Practice team membership skills, such as cooperation, leadership, and communication. 3. Effectively manage conflict within the workplace. 4. Interact consistently within the facility guidelines and lines of authority. Strand 8.0: Procedure Implementation Standard 8.1 Health Occupations students will perform procedures within their scope of career-specific practice, utilizing criteria as established by governmental agencies and industry-specific standards. 1. Gather necessary equipment and supplies for specific procedure. 2. Perform procedures accurately in a timely manner. 3. Clean and properly maintain equipment and work area. 4. Document and report all actions, observations, and results of procedures to instructor/supervisor. 5. Make suggestions to supervisor regarding procedure modifications, if appropriate. Page 6

7 This course guideline was written for 1 credit. If 2 credits are granted, two requirements must be met: 1. Time allowance must meet the requirement for minutes of classroom instruction. 2. Additional assignments, projects, or work experiences must be given and evaluated. Unit One Introduction to (The student will be able to ) 1. Analyze medical assisting course. 2. Differentiate between a medical assistant and an employee. 3. Analyze the role of the medical assistant in the health care setting. 4. Explain the impact of medical assistant skills in a medical office or hospital setting. 5. Discuss the impact of the wide use of technology in the health care setting. 6. Determine the role of the medical assistant in today s multicultural, global society. 7. Analyze and discuss medical assistant opportunities in the medical field. 8. Analyze and discuss medical assistant components and job strategies. 9. Analyze adventures and advantages of the medical assistant. 10. Discuss disadvantages of medical assistant duties and responsibilities. 11. Select a job site of interest to you. 12. Select a job opportunity of interest to you. Unit Two Anatomy and Physiology 1. Explore the structure and function of the skeletal system. 2. Explain in basic terms the structure and function of the muscular system. 3. Discuss the structure and function of the endocrine system. 4. List and explain the structure and function of the urinary system. 5. Translate understanding of the structure and function of the reproductive system. 6. Restate the structure and function of the gastrointestinal system. 7. Summarize the structure and function of the nervous system. 8. Present the structure and function of the respiratory system. 9. Relate understanding of the structure and function of the cardiovascular system. 10. Demonstrate knowledge of the structure and function of the integument system. 11. Relate in simple terms the structure and function of the special senses. 12. Discuss the disorders of the body such as diseases, conditions, and syndromes. Page 7

8 Unit Three Medical Terminology 1. Review the word part and identify the word root, prefixes, and suffixes. 2. Define and correctly spell medical terminology. 3. List common abbreviations and symbols. Unit Four Medical Law 1. Identify the various types of consents and know when to obtain each. 2. Review disclosure laws and what must be reported. 3. Discuss what constitutes confidential information and what can be disclosed in certain situations. 4. Recognize legal responsibilities of the medical assistant. 5. State the medically related laws such as the Good Samaritan Law, Drug Storage and Record Maintenance, and Drug Enforcement Agency regulations. 6. Define legal terminology associated with medical law. 7. Discuss credentialing requirements of medical professionals. Unit Five Social and Ethical Issues 1. Know the principles of medical ethics established by the American Medical Association. 2. Define terminology associated with medical social and ethics. 3. Identify the ethical response for various situations in a medical facility. 4. Recognize and identify unethical practices associated with the medical field. Unit Six Human Relations/Communication 1. Identify emotional reactions of different age groups and mental capacities. 2. Respond appropriately to the emotional needs of patients and their families. 3. Develop coping skills to deal with problems and issues to yourself healthy. 4. Employ appropriate interpersonal skills in the workplace. Unit Seven Patient Education/Attitudes/Behavior 1. Develop various methods of teaching to instruct patients using verbal, nonverbal, and written instructions. 2. Educate patients as directed, in areas of nutrition, diet, medication, body mechanics, and treatment procedures. 3. Document patient instruction properly. 4. Discuss different learning styles of the patients. 5. Maintain a positive attitude and remain non-judgmental. Page 8

9 Unit Eight Equipment Use and Safety 1. Become familiar with office equipment such as computers, business machines, copy machines, shredders, calculators, adding machines, and vital sign equipment. 2. Practice using how to use an upright scale, pediatric scale, and a chair scale. 3. Demonstrate with equipment used to calculate patient weights and measures. 4. Practice proper phone manners and etiquette when taking messages and scheduling. 5. Maintain inventory of medical and office supplies. 6. Arrange for equipment maintenance and repair, and maintain warranty and service files. 7. Employ procedures for maintaining and ensuring confidentiality and safety in the work place when using equipment. Unit Nine Physical Examination 1. Obtain medical history, employing appropriate terminology and abbreviations. 2. Differentiate between subjective and objective data. 3. Demonstrate positioning patients according to the examination being done. 4. Demonstrate and drape the patient for each examination maintaining privacy. 5. List the methods used when for physical examinations. 6. Become familiar with pediatric examinations, including Apgar scoring, head circumference measurements, and growth charts. 7. Review procedures for gynecological and obstetrical examinations, including Pap smears, breast examinations, and routine obstetric examinations. 8. Compete far and near visual acuity tests with accuracy. 9. Perform color vision testing with accuracy. Unit Ten Personal Conduct 1. Analyze insight into your own beliefs and attitudes. 2. Work on not being judgmental when giving patient care. 3. Practice good manners and use etiquette at all times. 4. Exhibit qualities of a good role model for other students. 5. Dress appropriately at all times. 6. Exhibit characteristics of a positive role model for every one around you. Unit Eleven Knowledge of Diseases 1. Compare and contrast medical terms associated with medical asepsis. 2. Familiarize yourself with the details of transmission and prevention of the spread of microorganisms. 3. Follow OSHA guidelines for blood borne pathogens. Page 9

10 4. Follow medical aseptic procedures when working. 5. Perform appropriate hand washing procedures at all times. 6. Practice using surgical aseptic techniques. 7. Employ surgical hand washing and gloving procedures. 8. Interpret medical terminology associated with surgical procedures. 9. Recognize terminology related to sterilization procedures. 10. List and explain the procedures for disinfection of various types of equipment. 11. Discuss MSDS sheets and various chemicals in the medical area. 12. Differentiate signs and symptoms of diseases and be aware of common diseases. Unit Twelve Vital Signs 1. Accurately perform vital signs and record appropriately. 2. Recognize normal and abnormal vital signs and report in a timely manner. 3. Obtain a pulse, and know the location of other available sites that can be used. 4. Record pulse appropriately, and report abnormal measurements. 5. Count respirations accurately; record and report abnormal respiratory findings. 6. Obtain adult heights and weights; record and report appropriately. 7. Utilize the terminology used for abnormal measurements. 8. Perform and record pediatric height and weight. 9. Differentiate types, care, and handling of thermometers. 10. Practice obtaining temperatures via different routes. (example: oral, rectal, axillary) 11. Compare normal ranges for each method of temperature. 12. Record temperature using correct abbreviations and symbols. 13. List the fever classifications. 14. Demonstrate proper care of equipment. 15. Summarize the importance of obtaining and reporting abnormal vital signs and body measurements. Unit Thirteen CPR/First Aid 1. Practice CPR and Heimlich maneuver skills. 2. Identify what is needed in an emergency cart or crash tray. 3. Identify first aid emergencies and associated procedures (i.e., strokes, heart attacks, seizures, respiratory difficulty, fracture, sprains, strains, head injuries, poisonings, lacerations, epitaxis, injuries, and foreign bodies). 4. Demonstrate knowledge of terminology and abbreviations associated with first aid. 5. Discuss the legal responsibilities of the medical assistant as they apply to reporting and action taken in CPR and first aid. 6. Report emergencies as required by law. Page 10

11 Unit Fourteen Diagnostic Testing 1. Utilize medical terminology and abbreviations. 2. Explore procedure for allergy testing. 3. Identify terminology used with allergy testing. 4. Observe intradermal skin testing in health care facility. 5. Employ Universal Blood and Body Fluid precautions and Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) Guidelines. 6. Establish and perform quality control procedures. 7. Encourage proper care and use of laboratory equipment, including microscopes, scopes, centrifuge, refractors, and glassware. 8. Demonstrate knowledge for obtaining sterile, clean catch, timed, drug screening specimens. 9. Gain knowledge about performing urinalysis, including physical characteristics, chemical (dipstick), and microscope preparation. 10. Perform urine glucose by reagents and tablet. 11. Observe blood specimen collections by venipuncture and finger sticks. 12. Observe the discuss procedures for proper disposal of blood products. 13. Perform steps for obtaining a throat swab, culture, stool specimen, and sputum specimen. 14. Assist in obtaining a cerebral spinal fluid specimen. 15. Label and handle reference laboratory specimens; complete request forms. 16. Maintain appropriate records and documentation procedures. 17. Identify microorganism categories and their growth patterns. 18. Demonstrate knowledge for preparing a patient for an EKG, lead marking codes, mounting, abnormal readings, and procedure for obtaining a rhythm strip. 19. Identify special ECG procedures such as the Holter Monitor and the treadmill. Unit Fifteen Laboratory Skills 1. Demonstrate the ability to perform vital signs accurately and with precision. 2. Observe venipuncture sticks and become aware of procedures for obtaining blood and disposal of blood products. 3. Practice obtaining urine and stool specimens and know how to handle safely. 4. Incorporate safety and infection control in all job duties. 5. Demonstrate the ability to perform heights and weights accurately. 6. Label and handle reference lab specimens accurately and safely. 7. Prepare lab slides for microscopic examinations. 8. Complete appropriate records and document procedures. 9. Practice performing EKGs, mounting, and rhythm strips. Unit Sixteen Clinical Applications 1. Develop skills in assisting with a physical examination. 2. Perform vital signs, CPR, First Aid, and laboratory skills with confidence and precision. Page 11

12 3. Demonstrate appropriate steps for obtaining and labeling specimens. 4. Employ procedures for infection control and safety. 5. Compare and contrast methods for sterilization procedures. 6. Evaluate procedures for maintaining a safe working environment. 7. Demonstrate the ability to communicate successfully with patients, staff, and family members. 8. Create a positive self- image and develop good interpersonal skills. 9. Show an ability to chart and document appropriately. Page 12

13 Resources Badasch, S. & Chesebro, D. (2000). Introduction to Health Occupations: Today s Health Care Worker. (5 th ed). New Jersey: Prentice Hall Health. Farese, L. S., et al. (2002). Marketing Essentials. New York: Glencoe McGraw-Hill. Gerdin, J. (1997). Health Career Today (2 nd ed.). St. Louis: Mosby Lifeline. Glencoe. M (1998). Nursing Assistant Fundamentals: A Patient-Centered Approach. Columbus, Ohio: Glencoe/McGraw Hill and Chestnut Hill Enterprises, Inc. Simmers, L. (2000). Diversified Health Occupations (5 th ed.). New York: Delmar Publishers Sorrentino, S. A. (1996). Nursing Assistants (4 th Edition). St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book, Inc. Roth, R. A., & Townsend, C. E. (2000). Nutrition & Diet Therapy (7 th Edition). Albany: NY: Delmar. Internet Sites All Allied Health Schools. US Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Medical Assistants. Hotjobs a yahoo company. St. Augustine School of Medical Assistants. Medical Office Assistant Training. Medical Assisting Technology. American Medical Association. American Medical Association. Medical Assistants. Page 13