Cellular Coverage Analysis Closeout Document. April 13, 2015

Transcription

1 Cellular Coverage Analysis Closeout Document April 13, 2015

2 Table of Contents 1.- Cellular Gap Analysis Overview Summary of findings Project Timeline Project Methodology Geographic Target Boundaries Drive Testing Methodology Coverage Analysis Methodology Wireless Technologies Definitions Benchmarking Summary of Results Part A Cellular Gap Analysis Alpharetta Coverage Analysis Future Site Coverage Analysis Network Model w/fcc Spectrum Available Traffic Forecast Vs. Network Quality Analysis City of Alpharetta Additional Recommendations

3 Cellular Gap Analysis Overview Outdoor Benchma rking Data Collection Indoor Benchmarking Data Collection Passive Crowdsou rcing Data Baseline Design Inputs From the 1 st round of drive testing the results collected allowed areas within the City of Alpharetta to be identified which need some improvement per operator and band. A combination of active Benchmarking (Drive Test) and passive Data (crowdsourcing) was used to create the network baseline quality as well as site survey analysis in the field in order to identify the height of the sites and more accurate depiction of site antenna model/configuration. Using the drive test data, the input from the surveys, and high resolution clutter data, model tuning was performed. Utilizing all inputs, propagation models per technology and per carrier are developed which provide new site or reuse of existing sites. Utilizing all inputs, recommendations are also provided on how operators may accommodate growth based on demand from the expected population increases, the expected traffic growth and the social media data location. Predication of network quality using the evolution of social demand, traffic demand, and how that can affect network behaviors 3

4 Summary of Findings Drive Testing Coverage within the city of Alpharetta for service subscribers falls within acceptable performance measurements for voice quality. No significant variance was noted from the standard. Street level coverage reports reflect performance for in-vehicle devices. It is important to realize that in-building coverage quickly diminishes due to varying properties of construction materials. Data for 4G measured no significant throughput concerns Data throughput for 3G measured below expected results for 3 carriers 4 Coverage & Gap Analysis Results reflect coverage within the city boundaries and have gaps or areas of significant loss of signal which may impact the user experience. Utilizing existing facilities, new tower placement, and optional technologies are described in the Coverage Gap Analysis section which may improve those areas identified. Network efficiencies decrease as coverage is impeded by constructed buildings resulting in carriers needing new solutions to ensure the customer expectations are met. These factors apply not only to initial network access but also to connected mode network performance and throughput. 4

5 Summary of Findings (cont) FCC Spectrum Available Analysis conducted reflects prediction model should unused spectrum be implemented. NOTE: Spectrum depth available to carriers is a direct result of network capital expenditure investment. Carriers will deploy spectrum as necessary to meet the capacity needs of the network while properly marrying the coverage properties of the spectrum to the solution being deployed. Traffic Growth & Quality of Service Without planning on the part of the carriers and the city, capacity will reach critical levels in the future. NOTE: 4G LTE is key component in the phenomenon of global data growth. LTE networks covered about 20% of the world population in 2013 and the number is expected to grow to more than 65% by Along with Video M2M will be underlying driver of the increased data traffic. 5 5

6 Project Timeline City of Alpharetta Project Time Line Duration Start Finish Project Cellular Coverage - RFP: /15/2015 4/17/2015 Step 1: Data Collection 22 1/27/2015 2/25/2015 Step 2: RF Reports 3 2/13/2015 2/17/2015 Step 3: Site Survey 11 2/9/2015 2/23/2015 Step 4: Model Tuning Per Carrier 10 2/16/2015 2/27/2015 Step 5: Baseline RF Predictions 24 3/2/2015 4/02/2015 Step 6: Project Deliverables **addendum 25 3/2/2015 4/08/2015 4/17/2015 6

7 Project Methodology Step 1 Data Collection What: Benchmarking and crowdsourcing analysis of the filed data Why: create a baseline with the current quality of wireless cellular networks Step 2 RF Reports LCC Project Approach What: document General What: Post Methodology Process the data to analyze the coverage and network quality per carrier Why: understand the site location according to DT data Step 3 RF Site Survey and get more information about the tower location and site configuration Why: heights cannot be obtained from DT data Step 4 Model Tuning What: using data from Step 2 and 3, the RF model will be tuned according to Alpharetta morphology. This will tune the azimuths and site location. On addition, the coverage predictions will be tuned with the DT data Why: with this process the site STEP BY STEP location METHODOLOGY and azimuths will be tuned. Step 5 Baseline RF Predictions What: using overture and true site location data, the RF predictions will be done per carrier, technology and band Why: create the baseline of the current service for the carriers Step 6 Simulations for sites reuse, carrier deployment + Network Evolution What: using overture we will simulate how the wireless coverage looks like reusing sites, deploying additional carriers and network evolution using current social demand 7

8 City of Alpharetta Project Target The outlined area highlights the area of study that had been defined for the project analysis 8

9 Drive Testing Methodology Equipment Setup 9 3G Voice calls and Downlink and Uplink Speed tests were carried during the test

10 Coverage Analysis Methodology The following were used in predication models where their horizontal beam-widths are found to match for all carriers 65 Degrees = Commscope SBNH-1D6565B Radio Power: We will assume the use of 40W radios for all bands and all technologies, including but not limited to LTE, WCDMA and GSM Mechanical tilt: 2 degrees down-tilt for all technologies and all carriers Electrical tilt: 2 degrees electrical down-tilt for all technologies and all carriers Cable Feeder Loss : We used the use of Commscope 1-5/8 Feeders (LDF7-50A). The specific loss of each feeder will be determined based on Antenna height + 20 of slack (assumed for top and bottom runs). We used that fiber is used for all LTE sites for all carriers. 10

11 Wireless Technologies Definitions Wireless Alternatives System Definitions DAS Small Cell Solutions Matrix Radio Frequency Overview 11

12 Alternatives to Macro sites Wireless Alternatives Distributed Antenna System Outdoor Indoor Small Cell Solutions Outdoor Indoor City Owned Tower System Tower Company in RoW (Right of Way) solution 12

13 System Definitions Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS) Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS) eliminate dead spots for cellular handsets, ipads, and laptops by picking up and repeating signals throughout office buildings, warehouses and other structures. They are increasingly popular for businesses who want to provide clients and employees seamless voice and data communication wherever they are and Operators who need to increase capacity. 13

14 System Definitions Indoor Distributed Antenna Systems (idas) For an indoor DAS (idas) network, remote antennas are strategically placed throughout a building and are connected with fiber to a single hub containing the wireless service provider s equipment. The indoor DAS solution provides building owners with a single system to address their wireless needs and provides wireless carriers with a system that allows them to tailor their RF signal to meet their specific coverage and capacity needs. 14

15 System Definitions Outdoor Distributed Antenna Systems (odas) An outdoor DAS (odas) network consists of a central hub location which links, via fiber, a system of strategically placed antenna locations (or nodes) to provide carriers with pinpoint coverage not provided by traditional coverage methods. In addition, antennas can be placed on street lights or utility poles or cleverly camouflaged as street signs, boulders or other objects. 15

16 System Definitions Small Cell Networks The macro layer (cell towers) provides coverage to virtually everywhere in North America. However, capacity is another issue entirely. Today it is a very common occurrence to have good signal strength but insufficient bandwidth while attending a sporting event, visiting a hospital, shopping during the holidays, staying at a hotel or any place where there are many users. Distributed Antenna System (DAS) Networks and small cells are being deployed to provide coverage in targeted locations, moving radios closer to the subscriber, and or to providing additional call and data-handling capacity in areas with concentrated demands for wireless services. Because DAS Network installations can require significant upfront capital investment, especially when deployed outdoors, due primarily to the costs associated with designing and installing multiple Nodes and miles of fiber optic cabling. The design of DAS Networks involves unique considerations that make the design and deployment of the network different from the traditional macro-cellular engineering process. It is important that the design be performed by individuals that understand the differences. 16

17 System Definitions Small Cell Networks Cont. In contrast, small cell solutions are typically deployed piecemeal to provide coverage or enhance capacity in much smaller areas with a single wireless communications technology for a single wireless carrier. While each small cell installation is similar to a single DAS Node installation in that it requires a communications link back to the larger network, an electric power source, and location space, an appropriately configured small cell can generally be deployed to provide an immediate solution to a more isolated and smaller coverage or capacity challenge in a manner that requires much less upfront design work, planning and capital investment than DAS facilities. Microcells are usually deployed to improve network coverage and capacity in a given area. Microcells can be used outdoors and indoors, often in high-traffic areas like public transportation spaces or a single city block with heavy cellular traffic. Microcells are smaller than a DAS solution, and is a more compact equipment size, and lower transmit power and are typically intended for installations in enterprise environments up to 200,000 to 300,000 square feet. Wireless service providers use them to fill coverage gaps in high-traffic environments like hospitals, Hotels, Universities, railway stations, subway platforms, bus terminals, and large office complexes. Outdoor Microcells are often mounted on the side of a building or in the PROW (Public Right of Way) on utility poles, street light poles, traffic signal poles, etc. They are typically supported by fiber optic backhaul connections. 17

18 18 System Definitions Small Cell Alternative outdoor solutions

19 System Definitions Solutions Matrix 700MHz Mostly macro cells Small cells/das Cell edge Fill-in coverage Advanced Wireless Services (AWS) Smaller footprint Macro + More Small In-building Emerging solutions Venues Femto Cell/Small Cell Rapid deployment Very localized 19

20 Radio Frequency Overview Factors Affecting a Line Of Site RF Signal Environmental and equipment factors affect RF propagation. Some of these factors include: Environmental and physical factors Trees Signal strength will decrease with leaves Absorption Reflection Diffraction Scattering Equipment factors Receiver sensitivity Transmitter power Antenna height Antenna design Environmental and physical factors can negatively affect propagation and limit the maximum range of the signal. 20

21 Radio Frequency Overview Absorption RF energy is also lost to absorption when radio waves travel through substances. Any nonmetallic (non-conducting) objects in the path between the endpoint and receiver will absorb some of the signal, reducing the signal strength and signal range. Permanent obstructions, such as buildings, trees and other foliage, along with large dense objects, such as thick concrete walls (especially with no windows) absorb RF signals Terrain can also act as an obstruction. Hills and other landscape features located between the endpoint and receiver may absorb significant amounts of the RF signal. Depending on the day and the season, signal paths may have different absorption characteristics. During the summer, trees will have more absorption due to foliage. Conversely, less absorption occurs during the winter months. Wet trees absorb more than dry trees. Pine trees absorb more than leafy trees. Absorption characteristics for a specific signal path can change permanently due to additions and removal of various objects, such as new or renovated buildings, landscaping changes, etc. 21

22 Radio Frequency Overview Reflection Metal and other conducting objects reflect RF signals. Metal structures and materials like aluminum siding and flashing, walls with metal lathe or rebar, chain link fences, vehicles, water towers, and metal meter vault and pit lids all cause RF reflections. Endpoints located in basements might have to contend with metal furnaces, boilers, water heaters, metal ducts and pipes. Radio signals traveling over relatively smooth ground or bodies of water can also experience ground reflections. Frozen lakes and crusted snow cover can also cause ground reflections. Reflected signals create multiple paths of the same signal that might be out-of-phase with each other. 22

23 Radio Frequency Overview Diffraction Diffraction is a common natural phenomenon that affects light, sound, radio and other coherent waves. Abrupt changes and sharp edges of path obstructions can lead to signal diffraction, which changes the signal direction. Diffraction normally causes signal distortion; however, communications might occur even though the line of sight is entirely obstructed and the signal is distorted. 23

24 Radio Frequency Overview Scattering The direction of radio waves can also be altered through scattering. An example of scattering is the effect on a beam of light in fog. Radio waves are similarly scattered when they encounter randomly arranged objects of wavelength size or smaller, such as water droplets or vegetation. For reference, the wavelength of a 900 MHz signal is about 13 inches. Recall that both water and vegetation also absorb some of the signal. 24

25 25 Benchmarking Summary of Results

26 Description Drive testing is a process of measuring and assessing the coverage, capacity and Quality of Service (QoS) of radio network. It requires the use of a specialized personnel and equipment to collect and analysis for performance results within a geographic boundary. It provides for the realistic prediction of what a subscriber experiences during testing period. The data collected during a drive test consists of and measures: Signal Strength RF Interference Site Information QoS Signal Quality Dropped/Blocked/Failed Calls Service Level Stats GPS Coordinates/Locations 26

27 27 Drive Test Route

28 High Level Voice Call Summary Carrier A Carrier B Carrier C Carrier D Call Setup Success Rate 98.49% 98.63% 99.04% Call Completion Rate 99.86% 99.58% 99.68% 98.60% Call Completion Success Rate 98.35% 98.22% 98.71% 97.68% Total Calls Completed Calls Dropped Calls Failed Calls Based on the results from the drive test period there are multiple indications of top performing carriers that vary in areas of measure. Overall Carrier C 99.1% Carrier A 98.9% Carrier B 98.8% Carrier D 98.4% 28

29 High Level Throughput Summary Based on the results from the drive test period there are top performance indicators for carriers in both categories 29

30 Summary Importance Options The drive data and summary of results only reflect a portion of what a typical subscriber may experience during the course of the test period. This information does not reflect the overall performance of any one individual carrier or overall standings within the city of Alpharetta. Conclusions are across the board, opportunities to encourage newer technologies for demand growth, improve level of service, and address current service concerns for service assurance. The city will experience increased coverage and capacity with targeted wireless solutions. These solutions can include: Macro Sites Outdoor DAS (Distributed Antenna Systems) Outdoor Small Cells In-building results also reflected a need for additional coverage. Options available for this solution can include: Indoor DAS Indoor Small Cell 30

31 31 Part A Cellular Gap Analysis

32 Description RF Engineering and Post Processing Mobile Device Data Demand Accuracy Social Demand Data Auto Design Environment Accuracy Overture Site Survey Data Signal Analysis Signal & Site DB Accuracy RF Data 32

33 33 Carrier C

34 Drive Test Plots LTE RSRP Definition of Table Strong Coverage Indoor Coverage In-vehicle coverage Medium Coverage intermittent Indoor Coverage Weak Coverage poor indoor Coverage weak In-vehicle coverage Outdoor Coverage 34

35 Drive Test Plots Carrier C LTE RSRP Cellular Tower 35

36 Drive Test Plots LTE RSRP Definition of Table Peg Counts for drive testing. This graph shows the occurrence of signal strengths from -30db to -150db. 36 RSRP (Reference Signal Receive Power) is the average power of Resource Elements (RE) that carry cell specific Reference Signals (RS) over the entire bandwidth, so RSRP is only measured in the symbols carrying RS. While RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) is a parameter which provides information about total received wide-band power (measure in all symbols) including all interference and thermal noise. In LTE, RSRP provides information about signal strength and RSSI helps in determining interference and noise information. This is the reason, RSRQ (Reference Signal Receive Quality) measurement and calculation is based on both RSRP and RSSI.

37 37 Drive Test Plots Carrier C LTE RSRP

38 38 Drive Test Plots Carrier C UMTS RSCP

39 39 Drive Test Plots Carrier C UMTS RSCP

40 40 Drive Test Plots Carrier C Voice Quality

41 41 Carrier C Voice RSCP/Call Drops

42 42 Carrier B

43 43 Drive Test Plots Carrier B LTE RSRP

44 44 Drive Test Plots Carrier B LTE RSRP

45 45 Drive Test Plots Carrier B CDMA Ec

46 46 Drive Test Plots Carrier B CDMA Ec

47 47 Carrier B 3G Voice Quality

48 48 Carrier B Voice Ec/Call Drops

49 49 Carrier A

50 Drive Test Plots Carrier A LTE RSRP Addendum 4/17/15 50

51 Drive Test Plots Carrier A LTE RSRP Addendum 4/17/15 51

52 52 Drive Test Plots Carrier A CDMA Ec

53 53 Drive Test Plots Carrier A CDMA Ec

54 54 Carrier A 3G Voice Quality

55 55 Carrier A Voice Ec / Call Drops

56 56 Carrier D

57 Drive Test Plots Carrier D LTE RSRP Addendum 4/17/15 57

58 Drive Test Plots Carrier D LTE RSRP Addendum 4/17/15 58

59 59 Drive Test Plots Carrier D UMTS RSCP

60 60 Drive Test Plots Carrier D UMTS RSCP

61 61 Carrier D UMTS Voice Quality

62 Carrier D Voice RSCP/Call Drops Addendum 4/17/15 62

63 In-Building and Business Park Locations The following locations were tested for outdoor and indoor collection: 1150 Sanctuary Parkway # Haynes Bridge Road 1000 Windward Concourse 63

64 Sanctuary Parkway LTE RSRP

65 Sanctuary Parkway UMTS RSCP/CDMA Ec

66 1150 Sanctuary Parkway (Indoor) LTE RSRP Carrier A Carrier B rrier CCa Carrier D 66

67 1150 Sanctuary Parkway (Indoor) UMTS RSCP/CDMA Ec Carrier A Carrier B Carrier C Carrier D 67

68 1150 Sanctuary Parkway (Indoor) UMTS RSCP/CDMA Ec Carrier A Carrier B Carrier C Carrier D 68

69 Haynes Bridge Road (Parking Lot) LTE RSRP

70 11605 Haynes Bridge Road (Indoor) LTE RSRP Carrier A Carrier B Carrier C Carrier D 70

71 11605 Haynes Bridge Road (Indoor) UMTS RSCP/CDMA Ec Carrier A Carrier B Carrier C Carrier D 71

72 Windward Concourse (Parking Lot) LTE RSRP

73 Windward Concourse (Parking Lot) UMTS RSCP/CDMA Ec

74 1000 Windward Concourse (Indoor) LTE RSRP Carrier A Carrier B Carrier C Carrier D 74

75 1000 Windward Concourse (Indoor) UMTS RSCP/CDMA Ec Carrier A Carrier B Carrier C Carrier D 75

76 Summary Importance The drive data and summary of results only reflect a portion of what a typical subscriber may experience during the course of the test period. This information does not reflect the overall performance of any one individual carrier or overall standings within the city of Alpharetta. It is represented as a snapshot and prediction of service and not conclusive. 76

77 77 Alpharetta Coverage Analysis

78 Alpharetta Site Location Detail Name Latitude Longitude SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE

79 Carrier C Site Latitude Longitude OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE

80 Carrier B Site Latitude Longitude OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE

81 Carrier D Site Latitude Longitude OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE

82 Carrier A Site Latitude Longitude OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE OSITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE OSITE OSITE

83 Spectrum Listing 83 Information provided by

84 Baseline Prediction Carrier A LTE 2.5 Ghz Pending 4/17/

85 Baseline Prediction Carrier A LTE 850 Mhz Pending 4/17/

86 86 Baseline Prediction Carrier A - WCDMA 850 Mhz

87 87 Baseline Prediction Carrier A - WCDMA 1900 Mhz

88 Baseline Prediction Carrier A - LTE 700 Mhz 88 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

89 89 Baseline Prediction Carrier B - WCDMA 1900 Mhz

90 Baseline Prediction Carrier D LTE 2100 Mhz 90 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

91 Baseline Prediction Carrier D LTE 700 Mhz Pending 4/17/

92 92 Baseline Prediction Carrier B - CDMA 850 Mhz

93 Baseline Prediction Carrier B LTE 700 Mhz 93 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

94 Baseline Prediction Carrier B - LTE 2100 Mhz 94 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

95 95 Baseline Prediction Carrier A - CDMA 1900 Mhz

96 Baseline Prediction Carrier A LTE 1900 Mhz 96 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

97 Observations & Recommendations Modify w/new drive data Importance: When reviewing this section, consider this is a model used and in conjunction with the drive plot data, one can gain perspective how coverage can impact the user experience. Based on the observation and analysis of the prediction data, we were able to generate candidate sites which are listed under Future Site Coverage Analysis section. They are circled and shown in the following slides as: Future Site 1 including All Carriers Future Site 2 including All Carriers Colo Site 01 including Carrier B and Carrier A 97

98 98 Future Site Coverage Analysis

99 Prediction Carrier C - WCDMA 850 Mhz Before 99

100 Carrier C - WCDMA 850 Mhz After 100

101 Baseline Prediction Carrier C - WCDMA 1900 Mhz Before 101

102 Carrier C - WCDMA 1900 Mhz After 102

103 Baseline Prediction Carrier C - LTE 700 Mhz Before 103 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

104 Carrier C - LTE 700 Mhz After 104 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

105 Baseline Prediction Carrier D - WCDMA 1900 Mhz Before 105

106 Baseline Prediction Carrier D - WCDMA 1900 Mhz After 106

107 Baseline Prediction Carrier D LTE 2100 Mhz Before 107 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

108 Carrier D LTE 2100 Mhz After 108 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

109 Baseline Prediction Carrier D - LTE 700 Mhz Before Pending 4/17/

110 Carrier D - LTE 700 Mhz After Pending 4/17/

111 Baseline Prediction Carrier B - CDMA 850 Mhz Before 111

112 Carrier B - CDMA 850 Mhz After 112

113 Baseline Prediction Carrier B LTE 700 Mhz Before 113 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

114 Baseline Prediction Carrier B LTE 700 Mhz After 114 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

115 Baseline Prediction Carrier B - LTE 2100 Mhz Before 115 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

116 Baseline Prediction Carrier B - LTE 2100 Mhz After 116 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

117 Baseline Prediction Carrier A - CDMA 1900 Mhz Before 117

118 Future Prediction Carrier A - CDMA 1900 Mhz After 118

119 Baseline Prediction Carrier A LTE 1900 Mhz Before 119 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

120 Future Prediction Carrier A LTE 1900 Mhz After 120 *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE.

121 Baseline Prediction Carrier A LTE 2.5 Ghz Before Pending 4/17/

122 Carrier A - LTE 2.5 Ghz After Pending 4/17/

123 Baseline Prediction Carrier A - LTE 850 Mhz Before Pending 4/17/

124 Carrier A - LTE 850 Mhz After Pending 4/17/

125 125 Network Model w/fcc Spectrum Available

126 Observations & Recommendations Importance: The following 4 slides show the prediction for the potential future use of the spectrum for each of the carriers. We have identified that each carrier has additional un-used spectrum and created a predictive coverage model for those. Per carriers we have: Carrier C: 2300 LTE MHz Carrier B: 1900 LTE Mhz 126

127 127 Predictive Coverage Carrier C LTE 2300 Mhz

128 128 Predictive Coverage Carrier B LTE 1900 Mhz

129 129 Traffic Forecast Vs. Network Quality Analysis

130 City of Alpharetta 5 Year to 10 Year Projection Model The following 4 slides show the Statistics of population s demand and how they are served by the current Modulation Schemes. We assume a increase in demand of 100% each year to extrapolate the future demand and test how the current network would fare if it remains the same. We can observe that there is a large decrease of demand covered at higher modulation schemes over the years proving that additional resources would be needed to cover the demand. 130

131 Carrier C Predictive Coverage per Modulation Scheme RCENTAGE OF DEMAND COVERED 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 14% 53% 32% 6% 6% 8% 5% 5% 7% Today Year 5 Year 10 MODULATION SCHEME USED 64 QAM 16 QAM QPSK 131

132 Carrier A Predictive Coverage per Modulation Scheme PERCENTAGE OF DEMAND COVERED 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Today Year 5 Year 10 MODULATION SCHEME USED 64 QAM 16 QAM QPSK 132

133 Carrier B Predictive Coverage per Modulation Scheme PERCENTAGE OF DEMAND COVERED 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Today Year 5 Year 10 MODULATION SCHEME USED 64 QAM 16 QAM QPSK 133

134 Carrier D Predictive Coverage per Modulation Scheme PERCENTAGE OF DEMAND COVERED 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Today Year 5 Year 10 MODULATION SCHEME USED 64 QAM 16 QAM QPSK 134

135 135 City of Alpharetta Additional Recommendations

136 Observations & Recommendations Modify w/new drive data 4/17/15 Importance: The following slides show the additional areas lacking coverage in the city of Alpharetta after the deployment of potential future site and site re-use. Recommendations that additional solutions be implemented in those areas of interest to increase the coverage. Recommendations include the deployment of DAS and outdoor small cells at high frequencies in those specific areas of interest to adequately serve the demand. City will need to work with the carriers to achieve a balance between the need for macro sites and this small cell solution. In some instances, a macro site will serve the public better than a small cell or DAS solution. 136

137 137 Future Prediction Carrier C - WCDMA 1900 Mhz

138 138 Future Prediction Carrier D - WCDMA 1900 Mhz

139 Future Prediction Carrier D - LTE 700 Mhz Add w/new drive data Pending 4/17/

140 140 Carrier A - CDMA 1900 Mhz

141 Future Prediction Carrier A - LTE 2.5 Ghz Add w/new drive data Pending 4/17/

142 Future Prediction Carrier A - LTE 850 Mhz Add w/new drive data Pending 4/17/

143 Future Prediction Carrier B - LTE 2100 Mhz *The Legend has been modified to account for the difference in Pilot power between 3G and 4G LTE. 143

144 144 Future Technologies and Deployment Network Models

145 145 Future Technologies & Deployment Network Models In addition to the recommended placement of future macro sites, COA should consider deploying and Small Cells. Some of the latest Small Cells are engineered with enough processing overhead and capability to support future releases of the standards, which makes it a good long term investment for COA. Deployment of Small Cells will assist COA in keeping up with capacity demands as the population rises in the years to come. Furthermore, the placement of Small Cells will fill any coverage holes as carriers move towards high band frequencies to accommodate increased network usage. Also, Smalls Cells will utilize existing public property for antenna placement, which is a plus for COA because it would stay within the high constraints.

146 146 Pending addendum 4/17/2015

147