CENTRAL AMERICAN COMMISSION FOR MARITIME TRANSPORT

Transcription

1 CENTRAL AMERICAN COMMISSION FOR MARITIME TRANSPORT Statistical Summary Network Members of Central American Port Statistics Year 2011 For a Competitive Region and Integrated Development of Maritime Transport and International Commerce

2 Credits Network members of Central American port statistics Guatemala Daniel Humberto Lemus Calderon CIBIGUA Puerto Barrios Ramiro Antonio Ortiz Flores Empresa Portuaria Nacional Santo Tomas de Castilla Jaime Rolando Rousselin Comisión Portuaria Nacional Ana Luisa Mejía Empresa Portuaria Quetzal El Salvador Iris Lisseth Perla Conde Puerto Corsain Jade Rivera Autoridad Marítima Portuaria de El Salvador Salvador Ernesto Maya Sánchez CEPA ACAJUTLA Honduras Argentina Mejia Martinez Empresa Nacional Portuaria de Honduras Nicaragua Filemon Bonilla Empresa Portuaria Nacional- Nicaragua Miguel Angel Malespin Ministerio de Transporte e Infraestructura MTI Costa Rica dgta@mti.gob.ni Rocio Valverde Rojas JAPDEVA rvalverde@japdeva.go.cr Gustavo Chavarría Valverde INCOP gchavarria@incop.go.cr Panamá Jackeline Ulloa Autoridad Marítima de Panamá julloa@amp.gob.pa COCATRAM Otto Guillermo Noack Serrano Director Ejecutivo COCATRAM onoack@cocatram.org.ni José Dopeso Aparicio Director de Asunto Marítimos y Portuarios jdopeso@cocatram.org.ni Marli Ocampo Hernández Analista Estadística mocampo@cocatram.org.ni C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 2

3 INDEX Foreword... 6 Conventional Signs... 7 Acronyms Cargo Movement Cargo handled by country and port Foreign trade and port traffic Cargo handled by seaboard Cargo handled by quarter Cargo handled by type of handling Cargo handled in CACM ports Origin and destination of cargo Vessels attended to Containers and trailer trucks TABLES Table 1: Cargo handled in ports by country... 8 Table 2: Central American Isthmus: Cargo handled by port Error! Marcador no definido. Table 3. Central American Isthmus: Value and volume of foreign trade by country Table 4. Central American Isthmus: Volume of foreign trade and cargo handled at seaports, Table 5: Cargo offloaded and loaded on the Caribbean seaboard by port Table 6: Cargo offloaded and loaded on the Pacific seaboard by port (thousands of MT), Table 7. Distribution of cargo handled in ports by year by type of handling (percentages) C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 3

4 Table 8. Comparative percentage distribution of cargo by country by type of handling CHARTS Chart No. 1: Percentage of cargo handled by country... 9 Chart No. 2. Central American Isthmus: Cargo handled by port Chart No. 3. Central American Isthmus: Cargo offloaded and loaded by seaboard Chart No. 4. Cargo handled in ports by quarter and by country Chart No. 5. Cargo offloaded in ports by quarter by country (Thousands of MT), Chart No. 6. Cargo loaded in ports by quarter by country Chart No. 7. Central American Isthmus: Volume of containerized cargo by seaboard Chart No. 8. Central American Isthmus: Total cargo moved in ports by type of handling Chart No. 9. Central American Isthmus: Cargo offloaded in ports by type of handling Chart No. 10. Central American Isthmus: Cargo loaded by type of handling Chart No. 11. Central American Isthmus: Cargo moved in ports by type of handling by seaboard Chart No. 12. Distribution of cargo offloaded and loaded in the CACM by seaboard (percentage), Chart No Total cargo handled in ports by CACM countries Chart 14.- Total cargo by type of handling handled in CACM ports Chart Central American Isthmus: Origin and destination of cargo handled in ports by geographic region of the world Chart Central American Isthmus: Percentage of cargo handled in ports by geographic region of the world Guatemala: Origin and destination of cargo by geographic region Acajutla: Origin and destination of cargo by geographic region (MT) Honduras: Origin and destination of cargo by geographic region C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 4

5 Nicaragua: Origin and destination of cargo by geographic region Costa Rica: Origin and destination of cargo by geographic region Panama: Origin and destination of cargo by geographic region Chart 17.-Central American Isthmus: Origin of cargo handled in ports by country by geographic region of the world (thousands of MT Chart 18.-Central American Isthmus: Destination of cargo handled in ports by country by geographic region of the world Chart No Central American Isthmus: Percentage distribution by type of vessel Chart No. 20. Percentage distribution by type of vessel in CACM ports Chart No Central American Isthmus: Container traffic in ports Chart No Central American Isthmus: Container traffic by seaboard ANNEXES Port traffic in Central America, Vessel Arrivals in Central America, Container throughput at Central America Summary Table. - Central America: Traffic by Ports Table 1.- Central America: Cargo Throughput by country and ports Table 2: Central America: Vessel arrivals by port, quarterly Table 3: Central America: Vessel arrivals by ship type Table 4: Traffic by cargo type Table 4-A. Central America: Traffic offloaded by cargo type Table 4-B: Central America: Traffic loaded by cargo type Table 5: Central America: Origin and Destination of cargo geographic regions Table 7: Central American: Container throughput in TEU Table 8:. Central American: Cruise vessels and passengers arrivals by port, (units), Glossary of Terms LIST OF COUNTRIES BY REGION OF THE WORLD C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 5

6 C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 6

7 Foreword The Central American Maritime Transport Commission (COCATRAM) is pleased to present to the maritime port community of the Central American isthmus this Summary of Maritime Port Statistics for 2010 as a tool for support in decision-making and research in the subsector. This Statistical Summary is structured in two parts, the first with three sections: Cargo, Vessels, and Containers that briefly take up the main aspects of port performance in the Central American region in The second part contains the annexes with statistical tables that consolidate the regional information. The main sources of information are the Port Companies and Authorities of the region that compile national port statistics through the members of the Central American Network of Maritime Port Statistics that has functioned since 2000, coordinated by COCATRAM. Information is presented from the 40 ports for international service operated by State and private companies in Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. The three sections making up the first part of the Summary present in a general and commented manner the information related to cargo, vessels, and container traffic in relation to the ports, countries, total volume of foreign trade, type of handling, origin and destination of the cargo by port and geographic region, type of vessel, and container size, among others. For the second straight year, this issue includes the Origin and Destination of the cargo, as well as a glossary of terms used that are related to the Statistical Summary, offering the users other elements for consideration in decision-making. COCATRAM, together with the port companies and authorities of the Central American isthmus, has maintained its commitment to publishing this document, completely aware of its great importance. C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 7

8 Conventional Signs - : Data not applicable : Information not available 0 : Figure did not reach the first expressed unit Acronyms C : C.C.T. : COCATRAM : C.P.T. : CACM : MIT : PATSA : PPC : PPB : P : TEU : MT : Caribbean Seaboard Colon Container Terminal Central American Commission of Maritime Transport. Colon Port Terminal Central American Common Marked Manzanillo International Terminal Petro America Terminal S.A Panama Port Cristobal Panama Port Balboa Pacific Seaboard Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit Metric Ton C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 8

9 1. Cargo Movement 1.1 Cargo handled by country and port The total volume of cargo moved in Central American ports in 2011 was 116, thousand MT, 12, thousand MT (11.42%) more than in Unloading during this period accounted for 68, thousand MT or 58.95% of the total, while loading accounted for 47, thousand MT or 41.05% of the total. The Caribbean ports moved 60, thousand MT or 52.06% of the total for the isthmus with a 28.09% share of offloading and 23.96% of loading, while the ports on the Pacific seaboard moved 55, thousand MT or 47.94% of the total, with a 30.87% share of offloading and 17.09% of loading. Table 1: Cargo handled in ports by country (Thousands of MT), Country 2011 Distribution percentage Distribution percentage 2010 Difference percentage Guatemala 18, % 16, % 8.45% El Salvador 5, % 5, % 8.45% Honduras 12, % 10, % 14.70% Nicaragua 3, % 3, % 14.24% Costa Rica 14, % 13, % 5.44% CACM 53, % 49, % 9.32% Panama 62, % 54, % 13.87% CENTRAL AMERICAN 116, % 104, % 11.72% Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama As in 2010, the ports of the Central American isthmus saw an increase in cargo movement at the ports. According to the table above, Honduras and Nicaragua had the greatest increases with 14.7% and 14.24%, respectively, followed by Panama with 13.87%, El Salvador and Guatemala with 8.45%, and Costa Rica with 5.44%. The table shows comparative data for 2010 and 2011 for cargo distribution by country, in relative terms. The countries maintained their percentage share of the distribution of cargo moved in the isthmus, with not very significant differences. The chart below shows cargo distribution for the countries of the isthmus and we can see that as in previous years, Panama accounted for a little more than half of the cargo moved in the region (52.63%) in 2011 and the rest of the countries maintained their share compared to previous years, with only a slight variation. C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 9

10 Chart No. 1: Percentage of cargo handled by country (Thousands of MT and Percentages), 2011 Guatemala 18, % Panama 62, % El Salvador 5, % Honduras 12, % Costa Rica 14, % Nicaragua 3, % Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama In 2011, Guatemala had 8.45% more cargo movement at its ports compared to 2010 with the Pacific representing 57.11% of the total and the Caribbean 42.89%. Unloading accounted for 61.44% of the country s total cargo movement and loading accounted for 38.56%. The ports of Quetzal, Santo Tomás de Castilla, and the Boyas de San José Terminal had cargo increases of 12.02%, 10.61%, and 7.09%, respectively, while Port Barrios decreased by -4.22% in 2011 compared to Quetzal accounted for 45.81% (8, thousand MT) of the country s total cargo movement, while Santo Tomás de Castilla accounted for 28.68% (5, thousand MT) in absolute figures. Cargo movements at Port Barrios and the Boyas de San José Terminal in Guatemala represented 14.21% and 11.31%, respectively. As in 2010, cargo movement in El Salvador continued to increase. In 2011, there was an 8.45% increase that represented thousand MT more than in Its main port at Acajutla accounted for 95.02% of this increase. Even with operations getting underway at the port of La Unión, in 2011 Acajutla did not suffer a drop in cargo handling, but instead continued to increase its share as it did in 2010 with 7.68% more than in the previous period. Corsain, which had a drop in cargo movement in 2010, increased by 9.55% in 2011 over 2010 and the port at La Unión that began operations in June 2010 managed to move thousand MT in C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 10

11 In 2011, this country had a 14.70% increase over Its main port, Cortés, was fourth in the isthmus in terms of cargo handling in the region with 8.01% of all the cargo for the region. The total cargo offloaded in the country accounted for 60.09% of this, while the Caribbean ports moved 86.40% of the country s cargo. The port at San Lorenzo had a 40.58% in cargo flow compared to 2010, while Castilla, Cortés, and Tela had cargo movement increases of 12.36%, 11.69%, and 5.93%, respectively. The port at La Ceiba saw a % decrease in cargo movement during this period. Compared to 2010, Nicaragua increased its cargo movement by 14.27% with the Arlen Siú Port having the greatest increase (23.89%). The Port of Corinto (the country s main port with 97.70% of all cargo) had a 16.61% increase, while Puerto Cabezas, Puerto Sandino, and El Bluff increased by 12.12%, 8.34%, and 4.61%, respectively. Costa Rica had a 5.44% increase in 2011 compared to Its main port, Limón-Moín on the Caribbean seaboard, moved 70.23% of the total (55.17% offloaded and 44.83% loaded). The variation in cargo volume at the Limón-Moín port from 2010 to 2011 was almost imperceptible (under 1%). Caldera had an 18.88% increase during this period, Golfito moved 3.28% of the cargo on the Pacific side, Puntarenas had a 55.02% increase, and the Fertica Terminal had an increase of 13.32%. Although there was no increase in the volume of cargo handled in 2010, there was a 13.87% increase in 2011, equivalent to 7, thousand MT % of the cargo was moved in its Caribbean ports with the remaining 47.54% being moved on the Pacific. 55.6% of the total cargo was offloaded and 44.4% was loaded. The PPB, MIT, and PPC ports, as in 2010, continued to lead in terms of the volume of cargo handled in the this country, with movements of 23,718.6 thousand MT, 13,306,70 thousand MT, and 7, thousand MT, respectively. The most significant increases in 2011 compared to 2010 happened at the Granelera Terminal with an increase of % (going from thousand MT in 2010 to thousand MT in 2011), at the PPC where 2, thousand MT (38.86%) more were moved than in 2010, at Chiriquí Grande with a 36.03% increase, at MIT with an increase of 23.11%, and at PPB that increased by 15.67%, equivalent to 3, thousand MT. In 2011, CPT and Samba Bonita had drastic declines compared to 2010 since both stopped operating in February 2011, in the case of CPT because of being remodeled. Charco Azul, which had a drop in cargo volume in 2010, continued to decline in 2011 in a %. Chart 2 below shows the volume of cargo handled in the ports of the isthmus. C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 11

12 Chart No. 2. Central American Isthmus: Cargo handled by port (Thousands of MT), , , , , , PPB Limón-Moín Quetzal Acajutla Chiriquí Grande Charco Azul T. Petrolero Corinto San Lorenzo PATSA Puerto Castilla Almirante Golfito La Unión Corsain El Bluff T. Samba Bonita La Ceiba C.P.T. 13, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 12

13 Tabla 2: Carga Manipulada en puertos de Centroamérica (Miles de Tm), Años Diferencia Puerto Litoral Absoluta Porcentual PPB P 23, , , % M.I.T C 13, , , % Limón-Moín C 9, , % Cortés C 9, , % Quetzal P 8, , % PPC C 7, , , % Acajutla P 5, , % Santo Tomas de Castilla C 5, , % Chiriquí Grande C 4, , , % Caldera P 3, , % Charco Azul P 3, , , % C.C.T. C 3, , % T. Petrolero C 2, , % Barrios C 2, , % Corinto P 2, , % Boyas de San José P 2, , % San Lorenzo P 1, , % T. Decal P 1, , % PATSA P , % Sandino P % Puerto Castilla C % T. Granelera C % Almirante C % Tela C % Golfito P % T. Punta Morales P % La Unión P % T. Fertica P % Corsain P % Arlen Siu C % El Bluff C % Cabezas C % T. Samba Bonita C % Quepos P % La Ceiba C % Puntarenas P % C.P.T. C % Total 116, , , % Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 13

14 1.2 Foreign trade and port traffic The value of exports in 2011 was 33,023, thousand million dollars, an increase of 44.40% over 2010, while imports amounted to 70,346, thousand million dollars, an increase of 31.75% compared to the year before. In regards to the volume exported, there was an increase by 16.98% compared to the 22,113,165 thousand MT recorded in Import volume increased by 11.91%. Table 3 below shows the figures for value and volume of foreign trade for each country of the isthmus in 2011 going by sea, land, and air. The figures include imports and exports, current or definitive, for active refining or final assembly and for the free trade zones. Table 3. Central American Isthmus: Value and volume of foreign trade by country (Thousands of US $ and Thousands of MT), 2011 Country Imports Exports Total Value (CIF) Volume Value (FOB) Volume Value Volume Guatemala 16,609, , ,463, , ,072, , El Salvador 10,118, , ,308, , ,426, , Honduras 8,952, , ,897, , ,849, , Nicaragua 5,060, , ,335, , ,395, , Costa Rica 18,263, , ,233, , ,497, , CACM 59,004, , ,238, , ,242, , Panamá 11,341, , , , ,126, , Total 70,346, , ,023, , ,369, , Guatemala: pdf El Salvador: Source: Honduras: Nicaragua: ENERO DICIEMBRE pdf Costa Rica: de%20comercio%20exterior.pdf Panamá: C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 14

15 Table 4 compares the volumes of foreign trade and cargo handled in the region s seaports by country for the total imported and exported in Table 4. Central American Isthmus: Volume of foreign trade and cargo handled at seaports, (Thousands of MT), 2011 Country Foreign Trade Imports Exports Total Offloaded Foreign Trade Loaded Foreign Trade Maritime Cargo Guatemala 11, , , , , , El Salvador 7, , , , , , Honduras 6, , , , , , Nicaragua 4, , , , , Costa Rica 9, , , , , , CACM 39, , , , , , Panamá 6, , , , , , Total 45, , , , , , Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama and web sites of Guatemala: pdf El Salvador: Source: Honduras: Nicaragua: ENERO DICIEMBRE pdf Costa Rica: de%20comercio%20exterior.pdf Panamá: Cargo handled by seaboard In 2011, the Caribbean ports moved 60, thousand MT or 52.05% of the total moved in the isthmus, a 14.44% increase over Of the total percentage of cargo moved on this seaboard, 28.09% was offloaded and the remaining 23.96% was loaded. The Pacific seaboard, which in 2010 saw a decline in cargo movement, managed to increase movement at its ports by 9.98% in 2011 with 56, thousand MT handled, or 48.38% of the total for the region, with 29.88% unloaded and 17.82% loaded. On the Caribbean seaboard in 2011, the cargo was mainly handled in six ports that account for 82.12% of the total: MIT in Panama with 13,306.7 thousand MT, Limón-Moín in Costa Rica with 9, thousand MT, Puerto Cortés in Honduras with 9, thousand MT, PPC with 7, thousand MT, Santo Tomás de Castilla in Guatemala with 5, thousand MT, and Chiriquí C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 15

16 Thosusand of MT P O R T S T A T I S T I C A L S U M M A R Y F O R T H E C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N I S T H M U S Grande in Panama with 4, thousand MT. Manzanillo, Cortés, Limón-Moín, and Chiriquí Grande are among the ports with the most loading and unloading on this seaboard. In 2011 on the Pacific in terms of cargo movement, the ports of PPB in Panama with cargo movement of 23, thousand MT, Quetzal in Guatemala with 8, thousand MT, Acajutla in El Salvador with 5, thousand MT, Caldera in Costa Rica with 3, thousand MT, and Charco Azul in Panama with 3, thousand MT. Together they represented 81.97% of the cargo moved on the Pacific seaboard. The most notable amount of loading and unloading on this seaboard was at the ports of PPB, Quetzal, and Acajutla. Chart No. 3 and Tables 5 and 6 below show the behavior of cargo handling by seaboard (loaded and offloaded and the absolute and percentage figures for Chart No. 3. Central American Isthmus: Cargo offloaded and loaded by seaboard (Thousands of MT) , , , , , , Caribbean Pacific seabord Botth seabord seabord Offloaded 32, , , Loaded 27, , , Total 60, , , Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 16

17 Table 5: Cargo offloaded and loaded on the Caribbean seaboard by port (thousands of MT), 2011 Ports General Cargo Containerized Ro Ro Dry Bulk Liquid Bulk Others Total O L O L O L O L O L D E D E Total Santo Tomas de Castilla , , , , , Barrios Puerto Cortés Tela La Ceiba Puerto Castilla Cabezas El Bluff Arlen Siú , , , , , , , , , , , Limón-Moín , , , , , , Bocas Fruit Co. (Almirante) Chiriquí Grande , , , Colon Port Terminal Colon Container Terminal (C.C.T.) , , , Manzanillo Int l Terminal (M.I.T) - - 6, , , , , Panama Port Co.Cristobal , , , , , T. Granelera T. Petrolero Total , , , , , , , , , , , Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 17

18 Table 6: Cargo offloaded and loaded on the Pacific seaboard by port (thousands of MT), 2011 Ports General Cargo Containerized Ro Ro Dry Bulk Liquid Bulk Others Total Quetzal Boyas de San José La Unión Acajutla Corsain San Lorenzo Corinto Sandino Caldera Puntarenas Terminal Punta Morales Terminal Fertica Golfito Quepos Charco Azul Panama Port Co.Balboa O L O L O L O O L O L O L O O , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Pedregal Petro America Terminal, S.A. (PATSA) , , , T. Decal Total , , , , , , , , , , Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 18

19 1.4 Cargo handled by quarter In 2011, the Central American region had average movements of 29, thousand MT with the second quarter having the greatest volume of cargo (31, thousand MT) and the first quarter with the least (27, thousand MT). Chart No. 4 below shows the tendency for cargo movement for the region and for the countries during the four quarters of Chart No. 4. Cargo handled in ports by quarter and by country (thousands of MT), , , CENTRAL AMERICA 25, GUATEMALA 20, EL SALVADOR 15, HONDURAS 10, NICARAGUA 5, COSTA RICA - I II III IV PANAMA Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama During 1 st quarter 2011, the isthmus had a 9.26% increase compared to 2010, with the growth rates in Nicaragua and Guatemala being the highest (29.60% and 24.67%) and the lowest rates of increase being in Costa Rica and Panama (2.64% and 5.09%). Honduras and El Salvador also had growth during this quarter (12.03% and 6.67% compared to 2010). The 2 nd quarter had a 13.15% increase in over cargo movement compared to the same period the year before. Panama and Honduras had the biggest increases with 24.35% and 16.95%, respectively, while Guatemala and Nicaragua had a drop of -4.7% and -4.91%, respectively. El Salvador increased by 5.63% and Costa Rica saw a slight rise of about one per cent. The 3 rd quarter 2011 had a 14.24% increase in cargo compared to the same quarter in 2010 with all countries showing increases: Honduras, 16.94%; Guatemala, 16.41%; Panama, 14.72%; Nicaragua, 11.37%; Costa Rica, 10.75%; and El Salvador, 7.25%. The 4 th quarter, like the 3 rd, saw growth in all countries compared to the same period in The region overall had a 10.10% increase. The growth rates by country were quite variable with Guatemala and Costa Rica increasing the least (2.34% and 8.64%, respectively) and Nicaragua and El Salvador with the greatest increase (25.84% and 15.05%, respectively. Honduras and Panama also had increases (12.66% and 11.07%, respectively). C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 19

20 The quarterly volumes of offloading in Central America in 2011 were quite similar, with the 1 st quarter having the least amount of offloaded cargo handled (15, thousand MT) and the greatest volume being reached in the 2 nd quarter of the year (18, thousand MT). In the 3 rd quarter, the ports offloaded 17, thousand MT and in the 4 th quarter, 16, thousand MT were offloaded. Chart 5 below shows the tendency followed by the countries in terms of volumes of offloaded cargo in the ports of each country, following the tendency of the total curves described above. 20, Chart No. 5. Cargo offloaded in ports by quarter by country (Thousands of MT), , , , , , , , , , I II III IV CENTRAL AMERICA GUATEMALA EL SALVADOR HONDURAS NICARAGUA COSTA RICA PANAMA Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama The curve for offloading in the region climbed between the 1 st and 2 nd and then declined during the 3 rd and 4 th quarters. The CACM countries had the same trend, although a bit smoother, giving the impression of handling constant cargo volumes throughout the year. Panama is the exception since its curve has no decline between the 3 rd and 4 th quarters, but instead an increase, going from 8.6 million MT in the 3 rd quarter to 8.9 million MT in the 4 th. Nicaragua also bucked this trend towards decline between the 3 rd and 4 th quarters, but it is imperceptible on the curve because of the low volumes handled at its ports. In regards to the tendency for cargo loaded by quarter in the ports of the region in 2011, Chart 6 shows the total curve showing the same tendency described above for total cargo movement and movement of offloaded cargo. However, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua diverge from this current and instead show decreases in the 2 nd quarter compared to the 1 st and Guatemala and El Salvador show increases between the 3 rd and 4 th quarters of the year. C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 20

21 Panama shows a sunken curve that reflects the increase between the 1 st and 2 nd quarters and then a decrease in the 3 rd and 4 th quarters. 14, Chart No. 6. Cargo loaded in ports by quarter by country (Thousands of MT), , CENTRAL AMERICA GUATEMALA 10, EL SALVADOR 8, , , , HONDURAS NICARAGUA COSTA RICA PANAMA - I II III IV Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama 1.5 Cargo handled by type of handling In 2011, cargo movement by type of handling was similar to previous years with 2.71% of all cargo in General Cargo, 59.47% Containerized, less than 1% Ro-Ro, 11.04% Bulk Solids, 24.71% Bulk Liquids, and 1.51% Others. Table 7 gives information for the last five years as well as total volumes by year handled in the region. Table 7. Distribution of cargo handled in ports by year by type of handling (percentages) Year General Cargo Containerized Ro-Ro Dry Bulk Liquid Bulk Others Total (Thousands of MT) , , , , , Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 21

22 Thosusand of MT P O R T S T A T I S T I C A L S U M M A R Y F O R T H E C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N I S T H M U S General Cargo in 2011 increased over 2010 by 16.04%, going from 2,716.7 thousand MT in 2010 to 3, thousand MT in 2011 with 69.83% moved through Caribbean ports and 30.17% through Pacific ports. Offloading accounted for 64.49% and loading represented 35.51%. The ports with the most movement of General Cargo were Limón-Moín with thousand MT, Santo Tomás de Castilla with thousand MT, Granelera Terminal that went from thousand MT in 2010 to thousand MT in 2011, Almirante with thousand MT, and Caldera with thousand MT. Containerized Cargo amounted to 69, thousand MT in 2011, a 17.38% increase over Offloading represented 46.90% of the cargo, equivalent to 32, thousand MT, 16.01% more than in The amount loaded was 36, thousand MT, equivalent to 54.43% of the Containerized Cargo and an increase over 2010 of 17.23%. The ports with the largest shares of Containerized Cargo were PPB with 22, thousand MT, MIT with 12,963 thousand MT, Limón-Moín with 7, thousand MT, PPC with 6, thousand MT, Cortés with 3, thousand MT, and Santo Tomás de Castilla with 3, thousand MT. The Caribbean seaboard accounted for 58.48% of the Containerized Cargo, while the Pacific had a 41.52% share. Chart 7 shows the breakdown of these figures, including the volumes of containerized cargo loaded and offloaded by seaboard. Chart No. 7. Central American Isthmus: Volume of containerized cargo by seaboard (Thousands of MT), , , , , , , , Caribbean seabord Pacific seabord Botth seabord Offloaded 16, , , Loaded 24, , , Total 40, , , Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama The amount of Ro-Ro cargo handled in 2011 was thousand MT, a % decline in volume compared to % was moved through Caribbean ports. Santo Tomás de Castilla saw a drop in cargo volume (-91.39%), as did Limón-Moín (-46.79%) and PPC (-66.02%), while C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 22

23 Cortés and MIT had increases in this kind of cargo of 38.36% and 4.65%, respectively. The Pacific ports handled 31.06% of this cargo and the amount handled by Quetzal dropped by %. In 2011, Bulk Solids accounted for thousand MT, an increase of 10.69% over 2010 (11, thousand MT). Offloaded cargo represented 77.58% and loaded cargo represented 22.42%. The greatest volumes of bulk solids went through Pacific ports, which accounted for 77.53%. The ports with the largest shares were Quetzal with 4, thousand MT moved, Caldera with 2, thousand MT, and Acajutla with 1, thousand MT. For Bulk Liquids, 28, thousand MT were moved in 2011, with 79.65% offloaded and 20.35% loaded. The ports handling the largest volumes of bulk liquids on the Caribbean were: Chiriquí Grande (4.5 million MT), Petrolera (2.7 million MT), Limón-Moín (2.2 million MT), and Cortés (1.8 million MT), while on the Pacific the ports of Charco Azul, Acajutla, Boyas de San José, and Decal Terminal led with 3.4 million MT, 2.2 million MT, 2.0 million MT, and 1.5 million MT, respectively. Chart 8 below shows the distribution of cargo in 2011 by type of handling, as well as the volumes for each type. Chart No. 8. Central American Isthmus: Total cargo moved in ports by type of handling (thousands of MT), 2011 Liquid Bulk 28, % Others 1, % General CargO 3, % Dry Bulk 12, % Ro Ro % Contanerizd 69, % Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama In regards to cargo volumes offloaded in the isthmus in 2011, they amounted to 68, thousand MT, which represents 58.96% of the region s total and an increase of 11.09%, 6.8 million C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 23

24 MT more than the year before. Except for Ro-Ro cargo, all forms of handling increased compared to the previous period. Nicaragua had the greatest increase over 2010 for offloaded cargo (20.08%) with increases in containerized cargo (23.58%), Ro-Ro (30.68%), bulk solids (26.05%), and bulk liquids (19.16%), while general cargo declined by %. Panama had a 14.19% increase in offloading with general cargo increasing by %, containerized cargo by 21.37%, Ro-Ro by 2.95%, and bulk liquids by 53.59%. Meanwhile, there was -3.22% less of bulk Dry. El Salvador came in third place for offloading by country with 12.71% more than the past period. Handling of general cargo increased by 10.21%, containerized cargo by 19.22%, bulk solids by 13.17%, and bulk liquids by 9.20%. Continuing with increases by country, there were also increased volumes of offloading in Guatemala, Honduras, and Costa Rica (8.04%, 7.27%, and 2.68%, respectively). Offloading of general cargo declined in Guatemala (-10.68%) and increased in Honduras and Costa Rica (30.77% and 15.49%, respectively). The three countries had increased loading of containerized cargo (13.42%, 5.44%, and 2.05%, respectively), while loading less Ro-Ro cargo (-42.48%, %, and %, respectively). Bulk solids increased by 7.63% in Guatemala, 25.44% in Honduras, and 9.69% in Costa Rica, while bulk liquids had increased offloading in Guatemala (8.02%) and decreases in Honduras and Costa Rica (-1.29% and -2.64%, respectively). The greatest volumes of offloaded cargo came as containerized, bulk liquids, and bulk solids, which together accounted for 95.20% of all offloaded cargo. Chart 9 shows offloaded volumes in the region in 2011 by type of cargo with the respective percentages of the total offloaded. Chart No. 9. Central American Isthmus: Cargo offloaded in ports by type of handling (thousands of MT), 2011 Liquid Bulk 22, % Otros % General Cargo 2, % Dry Bulk 9, % Ro Ro % Containerizd 32, % Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 24

25 Meanwhile, the total loaded in 2011 amounted to 47, thousand MT, 5, thousand MT more than in Honduras had the greatest increase in loading (28.05%), followed by Panama (13.48%) and Guatemala and Costa Rica (9.10% and 9.04%, respectively), while El Salvador and Nicaragua had less volume loaded (-6.45% and -5.31%, respectively). For the region, general cargo loaded dropped slightly (less than -1.0%) in all countries except Costa Rica, where it increased by %. Containerized cargo increased by 17.23% and all the countries of the region had an increase. Nicaragua, Panama, and El Salvador had the biggest increases with 24.76%, 22.15%, and 19.32%, respectively, followed by Guatemala, Honduras, and Costa Rica with increases of 13.86%, 11.72%, and 4.69%, respectively. Ro-Ro cargo loading dropped by % in the isthmus; however it increased by % in Honduras. Bulk solids increased in the region by 24.89% with increases in the ports of Costa Rica by % and in the ports of Honduras by %. On the other hand, bulk liquid loading in the region decreased by % with volumes declining in Nicaragua (-48.16%), El Salvador (-37.7%), Panama (-14.83%), Guatemala (-3.00%), and Honduras (-2.9%), while they increased by % in Costa Rica. Chart 10 below shows the distribution of cargo loaded in the region by type of handling, as well as the volumes for Chart No. 10. Central American Isthmus: Cargo loaded by type of handling (thousands of MT), 2011 Containerized 36, % Ro Ro % Dry Bulk 2, % Liquid Bulk 5, % Others % General Cargo 1, % Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 25

26 Chart No. 11. Central American Isthmus: Cargo moved in ports by type of handling by seaboard (thousands of MT), , , , , , , , , , General Cargo Catainerized RoRo Dry Bulk Liquid Bulk Others Caribe 1, , , , , Pacifico 1, , , , Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama Table 8. Comparative percentage distribution of cargo by country by type of handling (percentages), Años General Cargo Containerized Ro Ro Dray Bulk Liquid Bulk Others Guatemala , , El Salvador , , Honduras , , Nicaragua , , Costa Rica , , CACM , , Panamá , , Central America , , Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 26

27 1.6 Cargo handled in CACM ports Cargo movement in the Central American Common Market (CACM) increased in 2011 by 9.32%, equivalent in absolute figures to 4.6 million MT more than in The volume of cargo in 2011 was 53, thousand MT, of which 33, thousand MT were offloaded and 20, thousand MT were loaded. The Caribbean seaboard accounted for 28, thousand MT or 52.68% of the cargo transit in the CACM, while the Pacific ports moved 25, thousand MT or 47.32%. Chart 12 shows the percentage distribution of cargo moved in the CACM by seaboard broken down by loaded and offloaded. Chart No. 12. Distribution of cargo offloaded and loaded in the CACM by seaboard (percentage), % 62.81% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 27.33% 25.34% 35.48% 37.19% 20.00% 11.84% 10.00% 0.00% Caribbean Seabord Pacific Seabord CACM Offloaded Loaded Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama In regards to the share of cargo by country, Costa Rica had its share decline from 27.31% in 2010 to 26.33%. Guatemala s share also declined (33.92% in 2011 compared to 34.21% in 2010). Nicaragua s share of 6.37% in 2011 was similar to what it was in 2010 (6.10%). El Salvador went from 10.93% in 2010 to 10.8% in 2011, while Honduras had a slight increase of 1.04 percentage points. Chart 13 shows the share of cargo by country as well as cargo volume for each country in C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 27

28 Chart No Total cargo handled in ports by CACM countries (thousands of MT and %), 2011 Costa Rica 14, % Guatemala 18, % Nicaragua 3, % Honduras 12, % El Salvador 5, % Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama Regarding cargo distribution by type of handling in the CACM in 2011, except for Ro-Ro cargo, all others kinds of cargo handling and volumes saw increases. Containerized cargo continued to increase, as it did in 2010, reaching 23, thousand MT, equivalent to 43.19% of the CACM cargo. General cargo and bulk solids and liquids increased in volume, but had very little influence in relative terms on their share in the CACM. Chart 14 gives details about this. Chart 14.- Total cargo by type of handling handled in CACM ports (thousands of MT and %), 2011 Liquid Bulk 13, % Others 1, % general Cargo 2, % Dry Bulk 12, % Ro Ro % Containerized 23, % Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 28

29 1.7 Origin and destination of cargo This section on cargo origin and destination does not have a breakdown by geographic region for the figures about origin and destination for the ports in Tela and La Ceiba in Honduras or for the orts of Punta Morales and Fertica Terminal in Costa Rica, as well as the ports of PATSA and Decal Terminal in Panama because the corresponding sources did not have this information available. In addition, the information on cargo origin and destination by geographic region of the world for Puerto Caldera in Costa Rica is based on estimates made by COCATRAM on the basis of figures published on the website of the Institute for Statistics and Census (INEC) of Costa Rica, because the best sources did not have all the necessary information available when the figures were compiled. COCATRAM thanks the Costa Rican INEC for providing the statistical information necessary to generate this information. It is also important to note that cargo volumes for transshipping in the ports of CCT, MIT, PPB, and PPC have been excluded. In 2011, maritime commerce in the isthmus with the geographic regions of the world continued similar to the past period. North America is in first place with 38, thousand MT, equivalent to 44.76% of the cargo handled in the ports of the isthmus and South America is in second place with 13, thousand MT or 15.77% of the total cargo handled in the isthmus. For the second year running, Asia is in third place with the movement of 9, thousand MT or 11.61% of the total. Regarding cargo origin, North America is in first place this year with 24, thousand MT offloaded, equivalent to 41.64%. The United States was the origin of 83.41% of these offloads. South America as ever is in second place with 11, thousand MT or 18.8%. Standing out are the offloads from Colombia, Chile, Ecuador, and Venezuela with 58.93%, 14.74%, 12.30%, and 9.66%, respectively. Asia was in third place for cargo origin in Central America, with shipments from China (4, thousand MT), Korea (1, thousand MT), Hong Kong ( thousand MT) and the Philippines ( thousand MT). Next in line, trade between the countries of the isthmus represented 7.71% of the origin (equivalent to 4, thousand MT), with shipments from Guatemala followed by Costa Rica and Panama standing out. After Central America is Europe with 3.82% of the cargo origin and the Caribbean with 3.46%. The Dutch Antilles was the main origin of shipments from that region. In terms of cargo destination, North America as ever was in first place with shipments of 13, thousand MT or 51.80%, mostly going to the United States (91.94%). During this period, Europe took over second place from South America with 10.49% of the shipments from the isthmus or 2, thousand MT in absolute terms. These shipments mainly went to Holland, the United Kingdom, Italy, Germany, and Spain, which together accounted for 84.68% of these shipments. Asia was in third place with 2, thousand MT or 9.23% of the shipments from the isthmus, while South America, which dropped to fourth place in terms of cargo destination, received C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 29

30 percentage P O R T S T A T I S T I C A L S U M M A R Y F O R T H E C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N I S T H M U S thousand MT, equivalent to 8.77%, with Colombia in first place receiving 33.85% of the shipments to this region and Venezuela receiving 27.49%. Charts 15 and 16 provide information about origin and destination by country with the corresponding percentage share in the geographic regions of the world. Chart Central American Isthmus: Origin and destination of cargo handled in ports by geographic region of the world (percentages), % 40.00% 35.00% 30.00% 25.00% 20.00% 15.00% 10.00% 5.00% 0.00% Central North South Carribean Europe Asia Others America America America Total 7.93% 44.76% 15.77% 3.29% 5.88% 11.61% 10.76% Origin 5.34% 28.82% 13.07% 2.39% 2.65% 8.77% 8.18% Destination 2.60% 15.94% 2.70% 0.89% 3.23% 2.84% 2.58% Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama Chart Central American Isthmus: Percentage of cargo handled in ports by geographic region of the world (percentages), % 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% Central North South Carribean Europe Asia Others America America America GUATEMALA 1.70% 65.14% 10.65% 2.33% 6.34% 9.36% 4.49% EL SALVADOR 15.44% 45.92% 8.47% 2.79% 3.28% 10.01% 14.08% HONDURAS 3.09% 63.84% 7.18% 2.96% 7.24% 10.33% 5.36% NICARAGUA 0.00% 27.93% 29.00% 18.51% 1.16% 10.50% 12.91% COSTA RICA 17.85% 43.42% 6.37% 0.17% 12.86% 4.64% 14.70% PANAMA 8.43% 27.62% 26.32% 3.81% 2.90% 17.04% 13.88% Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 30

31 The main market for Guatemalan ports is North America, mainly the United States, which represents 65.13% of the cargo handled, equivalent to 11, thousand MT, an increase of 14.5% over This region represented 63.67% of the cargo loaded and 67.48% of the cargo offloaded. The United States was the origin of 91.26% of the offloaded cargo and received 88.20% of the shipments. As in 2010, South America was the second market with 10.65% of the total cargo moved in the ports, of which 8.7% was offloaded. Colombia, Venezuela, and Peru in that order shared 94.97% of the trade with this region. Asia remained in third place with 9.36% of the cargo, 5.3% offloaded and 4.0% loaded. China and Japan were the main countries in terms of cargo origin, while Korea and Vietnam stand out for destination. Europe remained in fourth place with 6.34% of the cargo movement, 4.28% offloaded and 2.06% loaded. Norway, Russia, Belgium, and Latvia were the main origins from this region with 52.03% of the offloads from there, while the main destinations were Holland, Russia, Spain, and Germany with 73.37% of the shipments to that region. The Caribbean region had a 2.33% share of the cargo with the Dominican Republic and Trinidad & Tobago being the main countries for cargo origin and destination. The Dutch Antilles, Jamaica, and Cuba were significant in terms of cargo origin, while Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Haiti were the main destinations for cargo. Algeria and Tunisia in Africa stand out for Guatemala as a major destination for cargo with shipments to those countries of 44,000 MT and 38,150 MT, respectively. In the Middle East, Iran was a major cargo destination with 54,265 MT and Saudi Arabia was the origin of 18,340 MT that were offloaded. In Oceania, New Zealand was the origin of MT offloaded. The chart below shows cargo volumes by geographic region for cargo origin and destination. Guatemala: Origin and destination of cargo by geographic region (MT), 2011 Central North South Caribbean Europe Asia Others America America America Total 310,398 11,921,045 1,948, ,148 1,160,523 1,713, ,942 Ofloaded 154,078 7,159,461 1,596, , , , ,564 Loaded 156,320 4,761, , , , , ,378 Source: Port Authorities of Guatemala In 2011, El Salvador s cargo trade with the regions of the world was very similar to what it was in North America continued to be the main market with 45.92% of the cargo and Asia remained in second place for origin and destination with 10.01% of cargo movement. Europe, last C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 31

32 year in third place, was displaced by South America, which represented 8.47% of the country s cargo. Europe, in fourth place now, represented 3.28%, while the Caribbean region represented 2.79%. In regards to cargo origin, North America is in first place with the United States as the main exporter of that cargo (2, thousand MT, equivalent to 40.23% of the offloading in this country), followed by South America with 9.40%, of which Ecuador was the origin of 5.81% and Colombia, Chile, and Brazil as major origins from that region as well. Asia was in third place for origin. China shipped 149,386 MT and Japan shipped 106,914 MT to make them the main countries shipping from that region, along with Taiwan, Korea, and Hong Kong. The Caribbean is in fourth place and the main country of origin there was the Dutch Antilles with 104,080 MT. Europe is fifth in importance for origin with Russia (33,689 MT) and Belgium (27,131 MT) among the most important points of origin. Among the countries shipping cargo to the port of Acajutla were Somalia (12,059 MT), Turkey (225 MT), and Australia (21,605 MT). North America is also in first place for cargo destination with the United States receiving 41.8% of the cargo loaded (380,357 MT), followed by Asia with 15.20% with Taiwan receiving 74,986 MT and Korea 55,284 MT. Next in line is Europe, which received 7.5% of the cargo loaded. Spain (48,550 MT), Italy (18,767 MT), and Russia (14,248 MT) are the main recipients in that region. South America is in fourth place with 4.57% of the cargo loaded (Chile 26,124 MT and Venezuela 12,131 MT). Central America is in fifth place with Guatemala as the main recipient (41,109 MT). Acajutla: Origin and destination of cargo by geographic region (MT) 2011 Central North South Caribbean Europe Asia Others America America America Offloaded 852,124 2,218, , , , , ,845 Loaded 50, ,328 51,171 22,882 83, , ,535 Total 903,034 2,685, , , , , ,380 Source: CEPA-Acajutla North America is the main market for Honduras with 63.84% of its ports cargo: 40.33% offloaded and 23.51% loaded). The United States was the main recipient and shipper of cargo with a 61.89% share of this for Honduras and 96.96% of what came from and went to that region. Asia is in second place with 10.33% of the country s cargo. China and Korea were the main countries of that region for trade (914,779 MT and 11,721 MT, respectively). China had the largest share of cargo origin and destination with 112,549 MT offloaded and 802,230 MT shipped. C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 32

33 South America and Europe each had a 7.2% share of the cargo and Central America and the Caribbean each had 3.0%. The countries with the largest shares of cargo in South America, representing 75.4% of the cargo for this region were Ecuador with 431,326 MT and Colombia with 225,908 MT. The countries that accounted for 78.9% of the cargo from Europe were Russia with 210,533 MT, Germany with 176,794 MT, Belgium with 113,924 MT, and Holland with 101,494 MT. In Central America, Belize is in first place with 170,639 MT, followed by Guatemala with 99,474 MT and El Salvador with 90,691 MT. In the Caribbean, the main countries were the Dutch Antilles (79,366 MT), the Dominican Republic (79,937 MT), and Jamaica (51,588 MT). Honduras: Origin and destination of cargo by geographic region (MT) 2011 Central North South Caribbean Europe Asia Others America America America Total 374,475 7,747, , , ,419 1,253, ,039 Offloaded 201,486 4,895, , , , , ,334 Loaded 172,989 2,851, , , ,860 1,015,677 66,705 Source: National Port Authorities of Honduras For Nicaragua, South America is in first place for cargo movement with 29.0% of the cargo handled in that country. North America is in second place with 27.93%, followed by the Caribbean (18.51%), Asia (10.50%), and Europe (1.16%). Other unspecified countries accounted for 12.91% of the cargo in this country. Regarding cargo origin, South America is in first place with shipments from Venezuela (847,042 MT), Brazil (51,239 MT), and Ecuador (20,827 MT). North America is in second place with shipments of 616,783 MT from the United States and 101,227 MT from Mexico. The Caribbean came in third with 611,189 MT from the Dutch Antilles and 24,215 from Trinidad & Tobago. Asia is in fourth place with shipments from China, Japan, and Korea (113,152 MT, 64,478 MT, and 20,971 MT, respectively). Europe accounted for 1.16% of cargo origin, of which 39,837 MT came from Latvia. From Africa, the Ivory Coast shipped 12,535 MT. The main destination for cargo from Nicaraguan ports was North America with 36.95% of the country s shipments, followed by Asia with 24.77% and South America with 11.87%. In North America, the United States received 189,170 MT and Mexico received 52,891 MT. China and Korea in Asia received 85,190 MT and 77,099 MT, respectively, while in South America, Venezuela and Ecuador received 58,423 MT and 12,557 MT, respectively. C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 33

34 Nicaragua: Origin and destination of cargo by geographic region (MT) 2011 NORTH SOUTH CARIBBEAN EUROPE ASIA OTHERS AMERICA AMERICA Offloaded 960, , ,404 39, , ,684 Loaded 718, , ,404 39, , ,696 Total 242,061 77, , ,988 Source: National Port Authority of Nicaragua North America was the main market for Costa Rican ports in 2011, with a 43.42% share of the cargo moved in its ports. More was offloaded than loaded (27.58% offloaded). Central America is in second place with 18.85%, of which 8.06% was imported and 9.79% exported. Europe is in third place with 12.86% of the cargo moved, followed by South America with 6.37%, Asia with 4.64%, and the Caribbean region with 1%. The chart below shows the cargo volumes traded between the ports of Costa Rica and the geographic regions of the world, broken down by origin and destination. Costa Rica: Origin and destination of cargo by geographic region (MT) 2011 CENTRAL NORTH SOUTH CARIBBEAN EUROPE ASIA OTHERS AMERICA AMERICA AMERICA TOTAL 2,536,305 6,168, ,369 24,094 1,826, ,503 2,087,968 OFFLOADED 1,145,276 3,918, ,513 15, , ,101 1,342,829 LOADED 1,391,029 2,249, ,857 8,683 1,482, , ,139 Source: INCOP and JAPDEVA The main region for cargo origin for Costa Rica was North America (the United States with 2, thousand MT and Mexico with 1, thousand MT), followed by South America (Colombia with 423,197 MT, Chile with 79,616 MT, and Venezuela with 53,422 MT), Asia (China C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 34

35 with 178,935 MT, Japan with 145,383 MT, Taiwan with 71,087 MT, and Thailand with 67,294 MT), Europe (Holland with 131,636 MT, Russia with 72,346 MT, Italy with 35,616 MT, and the Ukraine with 26,850 MT), and the Caribbean (Jamaica with 9,447 MT and Trinidad & Tobago with 5,751 MT). Other countries of cargo origin were Saudi Arabia in the Middle East with 253 MT and Australia in Oceania with 16,724 MT. With cargo destination, the regions receiving the most shipments were North America (the United States and Mexico with 1,997,167 MT and 252,532 MT, respectively) and the countries of Central America in second place. Europe is in third place (Holland with 730,314 MT, the United Kingdom with 390,075 MT, Italy with 254,171 MT, and Germany with 106,664 MT) followed by South America where the largest volumes of cargo went to Colombia (286,968 MT) and Venezuela ( MT). Asia is next with shipments to Vietnam (46,297 MT), China (39,187 MT), Singapore ( MT) and Taiwan ( MT). Turkey in the Middle East received 111 MT from this country. In 2011, the regions of North America, South America, and Asia in that order were the most important origins and destinations of cargo with a 71% share of the total cargo moved in Panamanian ports (North America, 27.62%; South America, 26.32%, and Asia, 20.61%). Central America accounted for 8.74% of the cargo movement, the Caribbean 3.52%, and Europe 2.20%. The chart below shows a breakdown of cargo volume by geographic region of the world. Panama: Origin and destination of cargo by geographic region (MT), 2011 CENTRAL NORTH SOUTH CARIBBEAN EUROPE ASIA OTHERS AMERICA AMERICA AMERICA TOTAL 2,626,276 8,603,769 8,199,225 1,187, ,571 5,308,335 4,324,321 OFFLOADED 2,187,635 5,610,890 6,853, , ,558 5,156,277 3,849,168 LOADED 438,641 2,992,879 1,345, , , , ,153 Source: Maritime Authority of Panama In terms of origin, South America is in first place (mainly Colombia and Chile with 5, thousand MT and 1, thousand MT, respectively), representing 27.39% of the offloading in the country, with North America in second place (the United States with 4, thousand MT C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 35

36 (thousands of MT) P O R T S T A T I S T I C A L S U M M A R Y F O R T H E C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N I S T H M U S and Mexico with 1, thousand MT). Asia follows in third with 20.61% (China, 3, thousand MT; Korea, 1, thousand MT; Hong Kong, thousand MT; the Philippines, thousand MT; and Taiwan, thousand MT). Central America accounted for 8.74% of offloading, the cargo coming mainly from Guatemala ( thousand MT) and Costa Rica ( thousand MT). The Caribbean had a 3.25% share with cargo coming from Aruba ( thousand MT), the Dominican Republic ( thousand MT), the Bahamas (130.9 thousand MT), Jamaica ( thousand MT), and Martinique (71.06 thousand MT). Europe accounted for 2.20% of the offloading, with Spain being the main shipper of this cargo ( thousand MT). In regards to cargo destination in 2011, North America is in first place with 48.79% of the shipments from Panamanian ports (mostly the United States with 2, thousand MT), followed by South America with 21.94% of the shipments (Venezuela, thousand MT; Colombia, thousand MT; Peru, thousand MT; Ecuador, thousand MT; and Chile, thousand MT). Next in order was Central America with a 7.15% share (Guatemala, thousand MT; Costa Rica, thousand MT; El Salvador, thousand MT; and Honduras, thousand MT) followed by the Caribbean with a 6.12% share (mainly the Dominican Republic and Jamaica with thousand MT and thousand MT, respectively). Europe received 5.77% (mainly Sweden with thousand MT and Spain with thousand MT), while Asia accounted for 2.48%, with most of the cargo going to Hong Kong ( thousand MT). Chart 17.-Central American Isthmus: Origin of cargo handled in ports by country by geographic region of the world (thousands of MT), , , , , , , , , GUATEMAL EL HONDURAS NICARAGUA COSTA RICA PANAMA A SALVADOR Central America , , North America 7, , , , , South America 1, , Caribbean Europe Asia , Others , , Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 36

37 (thousands of MT) P O R T S T A T I S T I C A L S U M M A R Y F O R T H E C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N I S T H M U S Chart 18.-Central American Isthmus: Destination of cargo handled in ports by country by geographic region of the world (thousands of MT) ,000 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1, GUATEMALA EL HONDURAS NICARAGUA COSTA RICA PANAMA SALVADOR Central America , North America 4, , , , South America , Caribbean Europe , Asia , Others Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama 2. Vessels attended to In 2011, 18,767 vessels arrived in the Central American region, an increase of 5.70% over The most important increases by country happened in El Salvador with 16.94% vessels than in 2010, followed by Panama with a 10.03% increase and Costa Rica with 7.56%. Guatemala had a % decrease compared to In general, the isthmus received vessels with an average of 6,200 MT/vessel. El Salvador and Panama had the highest average for cargo by vessel (8.10 and 7.68 MT/vessel, respectively) and Costa Rica had the lowest average (4.21 MT/vessel). The Caribbean ports received more vessels than those on the Pacific: 72.44% of all vessels compared to 27.60%. Arriving along the Caribbean seaboard were mainly container ships (64.23%), reefer ships (9.08%), and conventional vessels (6.05%). On the Pacific, container ships were the majority (51.47%), while petroleum tankers and bulk solids vessels accounted for 9.90% and 7.99% of the total, respectively. The ports with the most important increases in vessel traffic on the Caribbean seaboard were T. Granelera that went from 27 in 2010 to 89 in 2011, mainly because of the arrival of 66 petroleum tankers at that port. Next was Colón 2000, which had 48 more cruise ships than in Chiriquí Grande had 31.94% more arrivals, almost doubling the number of petroleum tankers from 44 in 2010 to 80 in Arlen Siú had 31.43% more conventional vessels, while CCT saw an increase of 24.23%, Manzanillo 10.00%, and Limón-Moín 5.41%. C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 37

38 Still on the Caribbean, some ports in 2011 had fewer vessels arriving: CPT down by %, Ceiba down by %, El Bluff down by %, and Barrios down by %. The common denominator in these ports was fewer conventional vessels. Barrios also saw a reduction in the arrival of container ships and El Bluff received fewer petroleum tankers. The petroleum terminals also had fewer arrivals. Leading these decreases was Samba Bonita, which had 4 fewer barges than the year before. T. Petrolera dropped % with fewer arrivals of bulk solids vessels, petroleum tankers, and barges while Tela had 21.95% fewer arrivals. The ports of Almirante, Santo Tomás Castilla, and Puerto Castilla also had fewer arrivals (-13.17%, -4.33%, and -1.04, respectively). The Pacific ports leading the increases in 2011 compared to 2010 were Sandino, San Lorenzo, Balboa, Decal, Acajutla, and San Juan del Sur (33.33%, 27.82%, 22.89%, 18.48%, 18.01%, and 5.71%, respectively). The ports with decreases were Corsain, Charco Azul, Amador & Resort, PATSA, Puntarenas, and Corinto (29.17%, 28.85%, 25.42%, %, 5.48%, and 4.01%, respectively). In summary for 2011, the transit of conventional vessels represented 5.45% of total arrivals in the region, noting a reduction of %. Reefer ships represented 7.68% and they increased by 4.58%. Container ships were 60.00% of the total and their number increased by 10.01%. Ro-Ro vessels were 4.36% and there were -8.16% fewer arrivals. Bulk solids were 3.93% of the total and 13.02% more arrived. Bulk liquids represented 3.92% and they had a 3.96% increase. Petroleum tankers represented 5.48% and their number increased by 14.35%. Gas tankers represented 0.83% and they had an increase of 10.71%. Barges represented 1.67% and their number decreased by % while cruise ships represented 5.06% and there were 2.93% more of them. Regarding vessel arrivals in the CACM around the isthmus, there was a 1.7 percentage point drop, going from 58.39% in 2010 to 56.68% in The decreases were in conventional vessels (15.89%), Ro-Ro vessels (8.33%), barges (57.14%) and cruise ships (33.58%). Reefer ships increased by 2.34% and container ships had an increase of 2.34%. Bulk solids and bulk liquids increased 15.21% and 1.94%, respectively, and petroleum and gas tankers increased 12.69% and 10.71%, respectively. Charts 19 and 20 below show the distribution by type of vessels with their respective percentage share in the Central American region and in the CACM. C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 38

39 Chart No Central American Isthmus: Percentage distribution by type of vessel 2011 Oil Tanker 5.48% Gas Carrier Tanker 0.83% Barge 1.67% Cruises 5.05% Others 1.64% Conventional 5.44% Liquid Bulk 3.92% Reefer 7.67% Dry Bulk 3.93% Ro-Ro 4.36% Containership 60.02% Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama Chart No. 20. Percentage distribution by type of vessel in CACM ports 2011 Oil Tanker 3.43% Gas carrier Tanker 1.46% Barge 0.14% Cruises 6.84% Others 2.89% Conventional 7.82% Reefer 11.52% Liquid Bulk 4.95% Dry Bulk 6.19% Ro-Ro 4.35% Contenership 50.40% Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 39

40 3. Containers and trailer trucks Central America handled 5,666,345 containers and trailer trucks of different types and sizes in its port. The total is equivalent to 9.7 million TEU, an increase of 15.52% over the previous year. In terms of increases in TEU handing by country, Nicaragua led with the greatest increase (23.62%), followed by Panama (18.54%), Guatemala (13.69%), El Salvador (9.81%), Honduras (8.13%), and Costa Rica (5.72%). Of this total, 67.67% of the traffic was in Panamanian ports, 11.87% in Guatemala, 11.18% in Costa Rica, 6.76% in Honduras, 1.65% in El Salvador, and 0.86% in Nicaragua % of the modules handled in CACM ports were 40-foot and 20-foot containers represented 21.23%. For the whole isthmus, each container carried an average of 9.74 metric tons. The Caribbean ports handled 59.25% of the TEU with the ports of MIT, PPC, and Limón-Moín accounting for 38.87%. Standing out on the Pacific was PPB, which handled 3.2 million TEU, equivalent to 32.99% of the regional total. Puerto Quetzal moved 350,374 TEU and Acajutla moved 161,226 TEU. The general ratio of fulls to empties is 2.6 and the Honduran ports of San Lorenzo and Cortés stand out with ratios of 5.6 and 4.3, respectively. The ports that handled the greatest number of containers are: Panama Port Balboa (1.9 million units), Manzanillo International Terminal (1.1 million units), Panama Port Cristobal (633,206 units), Limón-Moín (493,327 units), Cortés (309,342 units) and Santo Tomás de Castilla (239,162 units). C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 40

41 (thousands of TEU) (thousands of TEU) P O R T S T A T I S T I C A L S U M M A R Y F O R T H E C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N I S T H M U S Chart No Central American Isthmus: Container traffic in ports (Thousands of TEU) ,500 3,232 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,900 1, , Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama Chart No Central American Isthmus: Container traffic by seaboard (Thousands of TEU) , , , , , , , , Caribbean Pacific Total Source: Port Authorities of Central America and Maritime Authority of Panama C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 41

42 ANNEXES C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 42

43 Port traffic in Central America, (Thousands of metric tons) Country/Year Guatemala 11,246 12,217 14,640 14,678 15,753 16,080 16,876 15,860 15,978 16,876 18,301 El Salvador 4,592 4,546 4,698 4,686 5,098 5,965 6,156 6,010 4,931 5,392 5,848 Honduras 6,882 7,083 7,658 8,732 9,273 9,393 9,819 10,476 9,450 10,582 12,137 Nicaragua 2,363 2,094 2,146 2,328 2,505 2,707 2,938 2,799 2,834 3,009 3,438 Costa Rica 9,078 9,760 10,439 10,915 11,334 12,824 13,674 13,909 12,069 13,474 14,207 CACM 34,161 35,699 39,581 41,338 43,964 46,969 49,463 49,054 45,262 49,333 53,931 Panama 23,139 21,291 24,626 34,795 36,699 39,245 44,826 47,047 54,881 54,819 62,425 Central America 57,300 56,991 64,207 76,134 80,664 86,214 94,289 96, , , ,356 Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority Port traffic in Central America, (Thousands of metric tons) 140, , ,000 80,000 60,000 57,300 56,991 64,207 76,134 80,664 86,214 94,289 96, , , ,356 40,000 20, Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority Central America C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 43

44 Vessel Arrivals in Central America, (Units) Country/Year Guatemala 2,534 2,637 2,912 3,055 3,112 3,366 3,546 3,370 3,261 3,501 3,328 El Salvador Honduras 2,154 2,212 2,293 2,324 2,309 2,377 2,547 2,456 2,238 2,252 2,570 Nicaragua Costa Rica 2,386 2,642 2,732 2,737 2,779 3,042 3,215 3,078 2,999 3,136 3,373 CACM 8,063 8,364 8,915 9,127 9,259 10,124 10,839 10,306 9,724 10,149 10,638 Panama 4,911 4,823 5,140 5,479 5,998 6,159 6,570 6,821 6,567 7,388 8,129 Central America 12,974 13,187 14,055 14,606 15,257 16,283 17,409 17,127 16,291 17,537 18,767 Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority Vessel Arrivals in Central America, ,000 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2, Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 44

45 Thousands of TEU P O R T S T A T I S T I C A L S U M M A R Y F O R T H E C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N I S T H M U S Country/Year Container throughput at Central America, Year Guatemala 597, , , , , , , , ,322 1,022,994 1,163,076 El Salvador 17,721 42,221 66,216 93, , , , , , , ,226 Honduras 397, , , , , , , , , , ,672 Nicaragua 10,933 10,447 12,328 16,983 18,951 47,948 61,457 63,234 59,932 68,326 84,467 Rica Costa 616, , , , , , ,559 1,004, ,442 1,036,214 1,095,490 CACM 1,640,988 1,794,559 1,951,298 2,150,915 2,264,032 2,481,768 2,687,560 2,800,039 2,554,785 2,887,197 3,166,931 Panama 1,591,472 1,544,774 1,991,659 2,428,799 2,774,569 3,027,562 4,074,480 4,651,926 4,244,740 5,593,199 6,629,943 Central America 3,232,460 3,339,333 3,942,958 4,579,714 5,038,602 5,509,329 6,762,040 7,451,965 6,799,525 8,480,396 9,796,874 Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority 12,000 Container throughput at Central America, Year , (Thousands of TEU) 10,000 8,000 6,762 7,452 6,800 8,480 9,797 6,000 4,000 3,232 3,339 3,943 4,580 5,039 5,509 2,000 0 Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 45

46 Summary Table. - Central America: Traffic by Ports 2011 Country/Ports Central America Seaboard Cargo Vessel Container (Thousands of metric tons) Units Units TEU 116, ,767 5,666,338 9,796,874 GUATEMALA 18, , ,861 1,163,076 Santo Tomas de Castilla C 5, , , ,900 Barrios C 2, , ,802 Quetzal P 8, , , ,374 Boyas de San José P 2, EL SALVADOR 5, , ,226 La Unión P Acajutla P 5, , ,226 Corsain P HONDURAS 12, , , ,672 Puerto Cortés C 9, , , ,609 Tela C La Ce ba C Puerto Castilla C ,946 85,892 Roatan C San Lorenzo P 1, NICARAGUA 3, ,038 84,467 Corinto P 2, ,654 80,121 San Jaun del Sur P Sandino P Cabezas C El Bluff C Arlen Siu C ,217 4,036 COSTA RICA 14, , ,620 1,095,490 Caldera P 3, , ,039 Puntarenas P Terminal Punta Morales P Terminal Fertica P Golfito P Quepos P Limón-Moín C 9, , , ,451 Continue C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 46

47 Country/Ports Summary Table. - Central America: Traffic by Ports 2011 Carga Buques (Thousands of metric tons) Unidades Unidades TEU PANAMA 62, ,129 3,950,313 6,629,943 Armuelles P Bocas Fruit Co. (Almirante) C ,738 25,964 Amador & Resort P Charco Azul P 3, Chiriquí Grande C 4, COLON 2000 C Colon Port Terminal C Colon Container Terminal (C.C.T.) C 3, , ,069 Manzanillo Int l Terminal (M.I.T) C 13, ,716 1,110,608 1,899,802 Panama Port Co.Balboa (PPB) P 23, ,185 1,908,741 3,232,265 Panama Port Co.Cristobal (PPC) C 7, , , ,738 Petro America Terminal, S.A. (PATSA) P T. Decal P 1, T. Granelera C T. Petrolero C 2, T. Samba Bonita C S u m m a r y t a b l e b y c o u n t r y Guatemala 18, , ,861 1,163,076 El Salvador 5, , ,226 Honduras 12, , , ,672 Nicaragua 3, ,038 84,467 Costa Rica 14, , ,620 1,095,490 Panama 62, ,129 3,950,313 6,629,943 Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority Seaboard a /: Santo Tomas de Castilla not included in transshipment container handling units Contenedores C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 47

48 Country/Ports CENTRAL AMERICA GUATEMALA Santo Tomas de Castilla Barrios Quetzal Boyas de San José EL SALVADOR La Unión Acajutla Corsain HONDURAS Puerto Cortés Tela La Ceiba Puerto Castilla San Lorenzo NICARAGUA Corinto Sandino Cabezas El Bluff Arlen Siu COSTA RICA Caldera Puntarenas Terminal Punta Morales Terminal Fertica Golfito Quepos Limón-Moín PANAMA Bocas Fruit Co. (Almirante) Charco Azul Chiriquí Grande Colon Port Terminal Colon Container Terminal (C.C.T.) C , , Manzanillo Int l Terminal (M.I.T) C 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Panamá Port Co.Balboa (PPB) P 2, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Panamá Port Co.Cristóbal (PPC) C , , , , , , , , , , , , Petro America Terminal, S.A. (PATSA) P T. Decal P , , T. Granelera C T. Petrolero C , , T. Samba Bonita C S u m m a r y t a b l e b y c o u n t r y GUATEMALA 2, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , EL SALVADOR 1, , , , , , , , , , , HONDURAS 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , NICARAGUA , , COSTA RICA 2, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , PANAMÁ 7, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority O: Offloaded L: Loaded Table 1.- Central America: Cargo Throughput by country and ports Table 1. Central America: Cargo throughput by country and ports (Thousands of metric tons), 2011 (Thousands of metric tons) Año 2011 Quarter I Quarter II Quarter III Quarter IV Total Seaboard O L Total O L Total O L Total O L Total O L Total 15, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , C , , , , , , , C , , , P 1, , , , , , , , , , , P , , , , , , , , , , , , , P P 1, , , , , , , , , , , P , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , C 1, , , , , , , , , , , C C C P , , , P , , P C C C , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , P , , , P P P P P C 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , C P , , , , C , , , , , , , C C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 48

49 Table 2: Central America: Vessel arrivals by port, quarterly (units), 2011 Country/Ports Seaboard Quarter I Quarter II Quarter III Quarter IV Total Central America 4,742 4,729 4,543 4,753 18,767 GUATEMALA ,328 Santo Tomas de Castilla C ,480 Barrios C Puerto Quetzal P ,289 San José P EL SALVADOR LA Unión P Acajutla P Corsain P HONDURAS ,570 Puerto Cortés C ,728 Tela C La Ceiba C Puerto Castilla C Roatán C Terminal Coxen Hole Terminal Maghogany Bay C San Lorenzo P NICARAGUA Corinto P Sandino P San Juan del Sur P Cabezas C El Bluff C El Rama (Arlen Siu) C COSTA RICA ,373 Caldera P Terminal Puntarenas P Terminal de Punta Morales P Golfito P Quepos P Terminal Fertica P Limón-Moín C ,493 Continue C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 49

50 Table 2: Central America: Vessel arrivals by port, quarterly (units), 2011 Country/Ports Seaboard Quarter I Quarter II Quarter III Quarter IV Total PANAMA 2,000 1,984 1,984 2,161 8,129 Aguadulce P Bocas Fruit Co. (Almirante) C AMADOR & RESORTS P Armuelles P Panamá Port Co.Balboa (PPB) P ,185 Panamá Port Co.Cristóbal (PPC) C ,694 Charco Azul P Chiriquí Grande C COLON 2000 C Colon Port Terminal C Colon Container Terminal (C.C.T.) C Manzanillo Int l Terminal (M.I.T) C ,716 Pedregal P Petro America Terminal, S.A. (PATSA) P T. Decal P T. Petrolero C T. GRANELERA C T. Samba Bonita C S u m m a r y T a b l e Guatemala ,328 El Salvador Honduras ,570 Nicaragua Costa Rica ,373 Panamá 2,000 1,984 1,984 2,161 8,129 Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 50

51 Table 3: Central America: Vessel arrivals by ship type (units), 2011 Dry Country/Ports Container Ro- Bulk Liquid oil Gas Seaboard Conventional Reefer Ships Ro Carrier Bulk Tanker Carrier/Tanker Barge Cruises Others Total Central America 1,021 1,440 11, , ,767 GUATEMALA , ,328 Santo Tomás de Castilla C ,480 Barrios C Puerto Quetzal P ,289 San José P EL SALVADOR La Unión P Acajutla P Corsain P HONDURAS , ,570 Puerto Cortés C , ,728 Tela C La Ceiba C Puerto Castilla C Roatán C T. Coxen Hole T. Mahogany Bay San Lorenzo P NICARAGUA Corinto P Sandino P San Juan del Sur P Cabezas C El Bluff C El Rama (Arlen Siu) C COSTA RICA* , ,373 Caldera P Terminal Puntarenas P Terminal de Punta Morales P Golfito P Quepos P Terminal Fertica P Limón-Moín C , ,493 Continue C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 51

52 Country/Ports Seaboard Table 3: Central America: Vessel arrivals by ship type (units), 2011 Conventional Reefer Container Ships Ro- Ro Dry Bulk Carrier Liquid Bulk oil Tanker Gas Carrier/Tanker Barge Cruises Others Total PANAMA , ,129 Aguadulce P AMADOR & RESORTS P Bocas Fruit Co. (Almirante) C Armuelles P Charco Azul P Chiriquí Grande C COLON 2000 C Colon Port Terminal C Colon Container Terminal (C.C.T.) C Manzanillo Int l Terminal (M.I.T) C 47-2, ,716 Panamá Port Co.Balboa (PPB) P 9 6 1, ,185 Panamá Port Co.Cristóbal (PPC) C , ,694 Pedregal P Petro America Terminal, S.A. (PATSA) P T. Decal P T. Petrolero C T. GRANELERA C T. Samba Bonita C Yacth Club-Cristobal P S u m m a r y t a b l e b y c o u n t r y Guatemala , ,328 El Salvador Honduras , ,570 Nicaragua Costa Rica , ,373 Panamá , ,129 Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 52

53 Table 4: Traffic by cargo type (Thousands of metric tons), 2011 General Country/Ports Seaboard Cargo Containerized Ro Ro Dry Bulk Liquid Bulk Others Total CENTRAL AMERICA 3, , , , , , GUATEMALA 1, , , , , Santo Tomas de Castilla C , , , Barrios C , , Quetzal P , , , Boyas de San José P , , EL SALVADOR , , , , La Unión P Acajutla P , , , , Corsain p HONDURAS , , , , , Puerto Cortés C , , , , , Tela C La Ceiba C Puerto Castilla C San Lorenzo P , NICARAGUA , , Corinto P , Sandino P Cabezas C El Bluff C Arlen Siu C COSTA RICA , , , , Caldera P , , , Puntarenas P Terminal Punta Morales P Golfito P Quepos P Terminal Fertica P Limón-Moín C , , , Continue C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 53

54 Table 4: Traffic by cargo type (Thousands of metric tons), 2011 Country/Ports Seaboard General Cargo Containerized Ro Ro Dry Bulk Liquid Bulk Others Total PANAMA , , , Bocas Fruit Co. (Almirante) C Charco Azul P , , Chiriquí Grande C , , Colon Port Terminal C Colon Container Terminal (C.C.T.) C - 3, , Manzanillo Int l Terminal (M.I.T) C - 12, , Panama Port Co.Balboa (PPB) P - 22, , Panama Port Co.Cristobal (PPC) C , , Petro America Terminal, S.A. (PATSA) P T. Decal P , , T. Granelera C T. Petrolero C , , T. Samba Bonita C S u m m a r y T a b l e Guatemala 1, , , , , El Salvador , , , , Honduras , , , , , Nicaragua , , Costa Rica , , , , Panama , , , Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority - : Zero 0 : Quantity does not reach unity in thousands C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 54

55 Table 4-A. Central America: Traffic offloaded by cargo type (Thousands of metric tons), 2011 Country/Ports Seaboard General Cargo Containerized Ro Ro Dry Bulk Liquid Bulk Others Total CENTRAL AMERICA 2, , , , , GUATEMALA , , , , Santo Tomas de Castilla C , , Barrios C , Quetzal P , , , Boyas de San José P , , EL SALVADOR , , , La Unión P Acajutla P , , , Corsain P HONDURAS , , , , Puerto Cortés C , , , , Tela C La Ceiba C Puerto Castilla C San Lorenzo P NICARAGUA , , Corinto P , Sandino P Cabezas C El Bluff C Arlen Siu C COSTA RICA , , , , Caldera P , , Puntarenas P Terminal Punta Morales P Terminal Fertica P Golfito P Quepos P Limón-Moín C , , , Continue C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 55

56 Table 4-A. Central America: Traffic offloaded by cargo type (Thousands of metric tons), 2011 Country/Ports Seaboard General Cargo Containerized Ro Ro Dry Bulk Liquid Bulk Others Total PANAMA , , , Bocas Fruit Co. (Almirante) C Charco Azul P Chiriquí Grande C , , Colon Port Terminal C Colon Container Terminal (C.C.T.) C Manzanillo Int l Terminal (M.I.T) C - 6, , Panamá Port Co.Balboa (PPB) P - 12, , Panamá Port Co.Cristóbal (PPC) C , , Petro America Terminal, S.A. (PATSA) P T. Decal P , , T. Granelera C T. Petrolero C , , T. Samba Bonita C S u m m a r y t a b l e b y c o u n t r y Guatemala , , , , El Salvador , , , Honduras , , , , Nicaragua , , Costa Rica , , , , Panama , , , Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority - : Zero 0 : Quantity does not reach unity in thousands C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 56

57 Table 4-B: Central America: Traffic loaded by cargo type (Thousands of metric tons), 2011 Country/Ports Seaboard General Cargo Containerized Ro Ro Dry Bulk Liquid Bulk Others Total CENTRAL AMERICA 1, , , , , GUATEMALA , , , Santo Tomas de Castilla C , , Barrios C , , Quetzal P - 1, , Boyas de San José P EL SALVADOR , La Unión P Acajutla P , Corsain P Honduras , , , Puerto Cortés C , , Tela C La Ceiba C Puerto Castilla C San Lorenzo P NICARAGUA Corinto P Sandino P Cabezas C El Bluff C Arlen Siu C COSTA RICA , , Caldera P Puntarenas P Terminal Punta Morales P Terminal Fertica P Golfito P Quepos P Limón-Moín C , , Continue C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 57

58 Table 4-B: Central America: Traffic loaded by cargo type (Thousands of metric tons), 2011 Country/Ports Seaboard General Cargo Containerized Ro Ro Dry Bulk Liquid Bulk Others Total PANAMA , , , Bocas Fruit Co. (Almirante) C Charco Azul P , , Chiriquí Grande C Colon Port Terminal C Colon Container Terminal (C.C.T.) C - 2, , Manzanillo Int l Terminal (M.I.T) C - 6, , Panamá Port Co.Balboa (PPB) P - 9, , Panamá Port Co.Cristóbal (PPC) C , , Petro America Terminal, S.A. (PATSA) P T. Decal P T. Granelera C T. Petrolero C T. Samba Bonita C S u m m a r y T a b l e Guatemala , , , El Salvador , Honduras , , , Nicaragua Costa Rica , , Panama , , , Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority - : Zero 0 : Quantity does not reach unity in thousands C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 58

59 Country Ports Table 5: Central America: Origin and Destination of cargo geographic regions (Thousands of metric tons), 2011 Central America North America South America Caribbean Europe Asia Others Total Seaboard Origin Destination Origin Destination Origin Destination Origin Destination Origin Destination Origin Destination Origin Destination Origin Destination Total Central American a/ 4, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Guatemala , , , , , , Santo Tomás de Castilla C , , , , , Barrios C , , , , , Quetzal P , , , , , , Boyas de San José P , , , El Salvador , , , , La Unión P Acajutla P , , , , Corsain P Honduras b/ , , , , , , Cortes C , , , , , Tela C La Ceiba C Castilla C San Lorenzo P , Nicaragua , , Corinto P , , Sandino P Cabezas C El Bluff C Arlen Siu C Continue C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 59

60 Ports Regions Seabo ard Table 5: Central America: Origin and Destination of cargo geographic regions (Thousands of metric tons), 2011 Central America North America South America Caribbean Europe Asia Others Total Destinati Destinatio Destinatio Destinat Destinatio Destinatio Destinat Destinatio Origin on Origin n Origin n Origin ion Origin n Origin n Origin ion Origin n Total Costa Rica c/ 1, , , , , , , , , Caldera d/ P , , , Puntarenas P Terminal Punta Morales P Terminal Fertica P Quepos P Golfito P Limon&Moin C 1, , , , , , , , Panamá e/ 2, , , , , , , , , , Bocas Fruit Co. (Almirante) Charco Azul Chiriquí Grande C P C , , , , , , Colon Port Terminal C Colon Container Terminal (C.C.T.) f C Manzanillo Int l Terminal (MIT) f C , , , Panama Port Co.Balboa Panama Port Co.Cristobal f Petroamerica Terminal (PATSA) T. Decal P T Granelera T Petrolera Bahia las Minas T Samba Bonita f P C P C C C 1, , , , , , , , , , , , Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority a /: Excludes figures ports of Tela and La Ceiba in Honduras, Puntarenas, Terminal and Terminal Fertica Punta Morales of Costa Rica and Panama Container Ports b /: Information cargo movement by source and destination ports of Tela and Ceiba are not available c /: Information cargo movement by source and destination ports of Puntarenas, Terminal and Terminal Punta Morales Fertica not available d /: Estimated figures based on foreign trade information INEC Database of Costa Rica e /: Information cargo movement by source and destination ports and PATSA DECAL, not available. f /: Information movement of cargo origin and destination ports PPB, CCT, PPC and MIT does not include transshipment cargo C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 60

61 Country/Year Seabo ard Table 6: Central American: Container throughput, (units), 2011 Offloaded Loaded Offloaded Transit Loaded Transit transshipment Total Modules Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Total GUATEMALA 169,775 80, ,837 64,361 10,707-4,781-77,708 12, , , ,861 Santo Tomás de Castilla C 82,022 32,341 94,867 29, ,889 62, ,162 Container 45' 14, ,003 5, ,333 5,576 31,909 Container 40' 42,914 26,476 64,208 17, ,122 43, ,973 Container 20' 24,571 4,773 18,557 7, ,128 11,938 55,066 Total Container 81,815 31,823 94,768 29, ,583 61, ,948 Container Puerto Barrios C 26,127 25,505 49,849 5,332 6,964-4,116-39, ,703 31, ,997 Container 45' 1, , ,326 Container 43' 3,234 2,535 5, , ,751 3,809 19,560 Container 40' 21,299 22,745 44,374 2,829 5,990-3,954-33, ,696 25, ,405 Container 20' ,706 Puerto Quetzal P 61,626 22,858 52,121 29,097 3, ,061 12, ,216 64, ,702 Container 45' , ,765 1,192 2,957 Container 40' 36,146 13,898 27,827 18,194 3, ,821 5,137 88,743 37, ,972 Container 20' 24,628 8,943 23,628 9, ,230 7,394 65,708 26,065 91,773 Total Container 61,626 22,858 52,121 29,097 3, ,061 12, ,216 64, ,702 Container* EL SALVADOR 48,393 2,476 23,975 21, ,352 24,774 98,126 Acajutla P 48,393 2,476 23,975 21, ,352 24,774 98,126 Container 48' Container 45' 2, , ,265 1,350 4,615 Container 40' 27,597 1,767 15,387 11, ,510 13,814 57,324 Container 20' 18, ,747 8, ,577 9,610 36,187 Continue C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 61

62 Table 6: Central American: Container throughput, (units), 2011 Country/Year Seab oard Offloaded Loaded Offloaded Transit Loaded Transit transshipment Total Modules Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Total HONDURAS 126,580 46, ,494 31, ,074 77, ,380 Cortés C 118,759 33, ,708 28, ,467 61, ,342 Container 48' Container 45' 32,100 2,081 28,838 4, ,938 6,890 67,828 Container 43' 3,228 1,024 3, ,014 1,329 8,343 Container 40' 62,188 22,059 72,554 15, ,742 37, ,378 Container 20' 20,989 8,189 23,431 7, ,420 16,008 60,428 Total Container 118,759 33, ,708 28, ,467 61, ,342 Container Castilla C 7,759 12,723 19,771 2, ,530 15,416 42,946 Container 40' 7,759 12,723 19,771 2, ,530 15,416 42,946 San Lorenzo P Container 40' Container 20' NICARAGUA 25,101 1,657 13,417 11, ,461 13,577 53,038 Corinto P 24,011 1,600 13,095 10, ,052 12,602 50,654 Container 45' Container 40' 14, ,883 5, ,281 6,659 28,940 Container 20' 9, ,127 5, ,525 5,769 21,294 Puerto Cabezas C Container 40' Container 20' Continue C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 62

63 Country/Year Seab oard Table 6: Central American: Container throughput, (units), 2011 Offloaded Loaded Offloaded Transit Loaded Transit transshipment Total Modules Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Total El Bluff C Container 40' Container 20' EL Rama C 1, , ,217 Container 45' Container 40' , ,809 Container 20' COSTA RICA 163, , ,874 64,652 6,609-6, , , ,620 Caldera P 51,996 1,853 23,078 25, ,074 27, ,293 Container 40' 32,935 1,806 19,662 11, ,597 13,149 65,746 Container 20' 19, ,416 14, ,477 14,070 36,547 Total Container 51,996 1,853 23,078 25, ,074 27, ,293 Container Limón-Moín C 111, , ,796 39,286 6,609-6, , , ,327 Container 52' Container 45' 3,508 3,479 5,719 1, ,371 4,785 14,156 Container 43' Container 40' 80, , ,128 24,525 5,792-5, , , ,774 Container 20' 26,602 2,232 17,491 13, ,508 15,376 60,884 Total Container 111, , ,791 39,006 6,594-6, , , ,740 Container Continue C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 63

64 Country/Year Seab oard Table 6:. Central American: Container throughput (units), 2011 Offloaded Loaded Offloaded Transit Loaded Transit transshipment Total Modules Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Total PANAMA 215,977 48, , , ,542, ,252 2,897,906 1,052,407 3,950,313 Bocas Frult Co. (Almirante) C 6,714 1,516 2,357 2, ,071 3,667 12,738 Chiriquí Grande C Colon Port Terminal C Colon Container Terminal (C.C.T.) C 37, ,375 37, ,910 45, ,940 82, ,919 Manzanillo Int l Terminal (M.I.T) C 79,009 34,619 80,486 28, , , , ,126 1,110,608 Panamá Port Co.Balboa (PPB) P 69,176 2,648 22,496 38, ,341, ,060 1,433, ,722 1,908,741 Panamá Port Co.Cristóbal (PPC) C 23,423 9,952 23,597 11, , , , , ,206 T. Samba Bonita ( Bahía Las Mina ) P S u m m a r y t a b l e b y c o u n t r y Guatemala 169,775 80, ,837 64,361 10,707-4,781-77,708 12, , , ,861 El Salvador 48,393 2,476 23,975 21, ,352 24,776 98,128 Honduras 126,580 46, ,494 31, ,074 77, ,380 Nicaragua 25,101 1,657 13,417 11, ,464 13,579 53,043 Costa Rica 163, , ,874 64,652 6,609-6, , , ,620 Panamá 215,977 48, , , ,542, ,252 2,897,906 1,052,407 3,950,313 CENTRAL AMERICA 749, , , ,863 18, , ,621, ,607 4,148,147 1,518,198 5,666,345 Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 64

65 Country/Year Seabo ard Table 7: Central American: Container throughput in TEU (units), 2011 Offloaded Loaded Offloaded Transit Loaded Transit transshipment Total Total Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty TEU GUATEMALA 320, , , ,662 21,243-9, ,469 52, , ,044 1,163,076 Santo Tomás de Castilla C 169,104 60, ,182 51, ,287 33, , , ,900 Barrios C 52,397 51, ,453 10,271 13,943-8,212-80, ,292 62, ,802 Puerto Quetzal P 98,838 36,778 80,781 48,761 7,300-1,353-58,895 17, , , ,374 EL SALVADOR 78,851 4,273 40,413 34, ,071 1, ,945 40, ,226 Acajutla P 78,851 4,273 40,413 34, ,071 1, ,945 40, ,226 Corsain P HONDURAS 240,775 84, ,370 55, , , ,672 Cortés C 225,139 59, ,801 50, , , ,609 Castilla C 15,518 25,446 39,542 5, ,060 30,832 85,892 San Lorenzo P NICARAGUA 40,524 2,684 21,651 18, ,209 21,258 84,467 Corinto P 38,523 2,596 21,085 16, ,642 19,479 80,121 El Bluff C El Rama C 1, , ,452 1,584 4,036 Cabezas C COSTA RICA 282, , , ,468 12,510-12, , ,928 1,095,490 Caldera P 84,931 3,659 42,740 36, ,671 40, ,039 Limón-Moín C 197, , ,601 65,759 12,510-12, , , ,451 Continue C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 65

66 Country/Year Seab oard Offloaded Table 7. Central American: Container throughput in TEU (units), 2011 Loaded Offloaded Transit Loaded Transit transshipment Total Total Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty Laden Empty TEU PANAMA 376,947 85, , , ,187,172 1,533,417 4,808,783 1,821,160 6,629,943 Bocas Frult Co. (Almirante) C 13,647 3,076 4,839 4, ,486 7,478 25,964 Chiriquí Grande C Colon Port Terminal C Colon Container Terminal (C.C.T.) C 68, ,944 68, ,619 77, , , ,069 Manzanillo Int l Terminal (M.I.T) C 134,848 59, ,781 48, ,090, ,326 1,363, ,658 1,899,802 Panamá Port Co.Balboa (PPB) P 121,801 5,074 42,395 61, ,214, ,037 2,378, ,953 3,232,265 Panamá Port Co.Cristóbal (PPC) C 38,602 17,919 40,654 19, , , , , ,738 T. Granalera ( Bahía Las Mina ) C T. Samba Bonita ( Bahía Las Mina ) P S u m m a r y t a b l e b y c o u n t r y Guatemala 320, , , ,662 21,243-9, ,469 52, , ,044 1,163,076 El Salvador 78,851 4,273 40,413 34, ,071 1, ,945 40, ,226 Honduras 240,775 84, ,370 55, , , ,672 Nicaragua 40,524 2,684 21,651 18, ,209 21,258 84,467 Costa Rica 282, , , ,468 12,510-12, , ,928 1,095,490 Panamá 376,947 85, , , ,187,172 1,533,417 4,808,783 1,821,160 6,629,943 Central America 1,339, ,557 1,375, ,173 34, ,196 1,071 4,334,322 1,586,389 7,106,676 2,690,198 9,796,874 Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 66

67 Table 8:. Central American: Cruise vessels and passengers arrivals by port, (units), 2011 Country/Year Seaboard Vessel Arrivals Passengers Cruises Sailboats Cultural Yacht Total Arriving Disembarks Departure GUATEMALA ,722 17,891 18,031 Santo Tomás de Castilla C ,822 17,822 Barrios C Quetzal P , EL SALVADOR Acajutla P Corsain P HONDURAS , ,771 - Cortés C ,338 Castilla C Roatán C ,771 - NICARAGUA ,243 39,210 39,211 Corinto P ,611 14,847 14,847 San Juan del Sur P ,632 24,363 24,364 COSTA RICA ,723 5,504 6,749 Caldera P Puntarenas P Quepos p Limón-Moín C ,723 5,063 5, , PANAMA , ,654 AMADOR & RESORTS C COLON 2000 P , ,601 CRISTOBAL P S u m m a r y t a b l e b y c o u n t r y Guatemala ,722 17,891 18,031 El Salvador Honduras , ,771 - Nicaragua ,243 39,210 39,211 Costa Rica ,723 5,504 6,749 Panamá , ,654 Central America , , ,645 Source: Central American Ports and Panama Authority C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 67

68 Glossary of Terms Arrival: Arrival of a vessel at a port to load or offload or to avoid some danger. Barge Ship: Shallow draft vessels without their own propulsion system for the transport of different cargo. Cargo: Shipment or effects and merchandise to be transported from one port to another that is loaded or stowed on a vessel. Coastal Traffic Port: A port used for commercial operations between national ports. Containership: Specialized vessel for the transport of containers. Container: Box or structure specially built to move cargo with a re-usable character. In it merchandise could be packed to be transported from point-to-point as a unit. Containerized Cargo: Cargo handled in containers that are loaded or offloaded with a crane. Conventional Vessel: Ship that mainly transports general cargo and occasionally transports other types of cargo. Crew: Traveler on board a vessel or aircraft that carries out activities directly related to the running, administration, maintenance, and services of it. Docking: Pulling a vessel alongside a dock. Draught: Draft. It is the submerged depth of a vessel in the water. In a port, it is the height of the water surface over the bottom. Foreign Trade: Commerce for export and import of merchandise and services from one country to other countries. General Cargo: Cargo in solid, liquid, or gaseous form that is packed or not packed and that can be treated as a unit and that is loaded or offloaded using a crane. Intermodal Transport: Uses at least two modes of transport and there is no single responsibility to the user who can take action against one or another of the transporters. Lift on Lift off (Lo Lo): Loading or offloading cargo with a crane. Liquid Bulk Cargo: Liquid loaded or offloaded using pipes and/or hoses. Liquid Bulk Vessel: Specialized vessel for the transport of liquid products like Liquefied Natural Gas Carrier: Specialized vessel for the transport of liquid gas. Loading: Action of taking the merchandise from land onto the vessel. C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 68

69 Maritime Port: Set of land, maritime waters, and facilities on the shore of the sea that have the natural or artificial physical conditions and organization for carrying out port traffic operations and that is used by the competent administration for carrying out these activities. Metric tons: is a unit of mass equal to 1,000 kg (2,205 lb). Multimodal Transport: Uses at least two modes of transport under a single contract and single responsibility. National Port System: The set of natural and legal persons, goods, infrastructure, ports, terminals, and port facilities (public and/or private) that is located in the territory of a country. Offloading: Action of taking the merchandise from a vessel to land. It also applies to persons. Oil Tanker: Vessel exclusively for the transport of bulk crude. Oil Terminal: Maritime port facility dedicated mostly to handling products related to the petroleum industry. Other Cargo: Cargo that is not classified in the other definitions and that does not represent a significant volume. Passenger: A person traveling on a vessel that is not part of the crew. Port: Geographic locality and economic unit of a locality where there are terminals, land or waterbased natural or artificial infrastructure and facilities for the carrying out of port activities. Port Operations: The entry, leaving, anchoring, casting off, mooring, unmooring, and stay of vessels in the territory of a port. Port Terminal: Operative units of a port designed to propitiate modal exchange and port services: includes the infrastructure, temporary deposits, and internal transport routes. Reefer Vessel: Ship conditioned for the transport of merchandise in storerooms with low temperatures for preserving it. Roll on roll off (Ro Ro): Operation of transfer on wheels. Ro-Ro Cargo: Cargo that is loaded or offloaded on a rolling surface by highway vehicles, trailers, or tractor trailers on their own wheels or wheels added for this purpose, loaded or offloaded using a maritime-overland transport ramp. Ro-Ro Vessel: Ship designed for transport of tractor trailers and vehicles that is loaded and offloaded using a ramp for rolling on. Seaboard: Coast of sea, country, or territory. Solid Bulk Cargo: Solid product moved without containers or packing and loaded or offloaded with a crane. C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 69

70 Solid Bulk Vessel: Specialized vessel for the transport of solid bulk products. Terminal: The unit established in or outside of a port made up by works, facilities, and surfaces and included in its water zone that allows for the full carrying out of the port operations it was designed for. TEU: Normalized unit based on a 20-foot long ISO container (6.10 meters) that is used as a statistical measure of traffic flows or capacities. A normalized 40-foot Series 1 ISO container is equivalent to 2 TEU. Mobile boxes less than 20 feet correspond to 0.75 TEU, those longer than 20 but shorter than 40 feet are 1.5 TEU, and those longer than 40 feet are 2.25 TEU. Tourism Terminal: Port facility dedicated mostly to attending to cruise ships, passengers, yachts, and water recreation activities. Tourist Vessel (Cruise Ship): Vessel for international crossings with passengers lodged on board participating in a group program and with temporary stopovers at one or more different ports. During the crossing, this vessel does not normally take on or disembark other passengers, nor load or offload any cargo. Tractor Trailer: Large transport vehicle with a box or structure for moving cargo on wheels and without its own means of propulsion and designed to be towed by a truck or tractor. Transit: Passage of foreign merchandise through a country when this is part of the total trajectory begun abroad and ending outside of its borders by a means of transport that is not maritime mode. Transshipping: Comprises the transfer of offloaded cargo (especially containers and tractor trailers) at a port terminal and then loaded on a different vessel; however, in those places where the geography or infrastructure permit it, this operation can be complemented by a model of overland transport (e.g. railroad) that will move the cargo to another port that is sometimes a long distance from the first in order to be transported further. Type of Cargo: Category of merchandise moved at the ports according to its form and physical characteristics (General, Containerized, Ro-Ro, Bulk Liquid, Bulk Solid, Others). Unloading: Action of taking the merchandise from the vessel on land. C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 70

71 ASIA 1. Afghanistan 2. Armenia 3. Azerbaijan 4. Bangladesh 5. Bhutan 6. Brunei 7. Darussalam 8. Cambodia 9. North Korea 10. South Korea 11. China 12. Philippines EUROPE 1. Albania 2. Andorra 3. Belarus 4. Bosnia 5. Bulgaria 6. Croatia 7. Cyprus 8. Slovenia 9. Estonia 10. Guernsey 11. Hungary 12. Iceland 13. Faroe Islands 14. Jersey 15. Latvia 16. Liechtenstein CARIBBEAN 1. Antilles Holiness 2. Antigua y Barbuda 3. Aruba 4. Bahamas 5. Barbados 6. Bermuda 7. Cuba 8. Dominica SOUTH AMERICA 1. Argentina 2. Bolivia 3. Brazil 4. Chile 5. Colombia LIST OF COUNTRIES BY REGION OF THE WORLD 13. Georgia 14. Hong Kong 15. India 16. Indonesia 17. Japan 18. Kazakhstan 19. Kyrgyzstan 20. Laos 21. Macao 22. Malaysia 23. Maldives 24. Mongolia 17. Lithuania 18. Macedonia 19. Malta 20. Moldova 21. Monaco 22. Norway 23. Poland 24. Czech Republic 25. Slovak Republic 26. Romania 27. Russia 28. San Marino 29. Vatican City State 30. Switzerland 31. Ukraine 33. Yugoslavia 9. Grenade 10. Guadeloupe 11. Haiti 12. Cayman Islands 13. Virgins Islands (UK) 14. Virgins Islands (US) 15. Jamaica 16. Martinique 6. Ecuador 7. French Guiana 8. Guyana 9. Falkland Islands 10. Paraguay 25. Myanmar (Burma) 26. Nepal 27. Pakistan 28. Singapore 29. Sri Lanka 30. Thailand 31. Taiwan 32. Tajikistan 33. East Timor 34. Turkmenistan 35. Uzbekistan 36. Vietnam 24. Germany 25. Austria 26. Belgium 27. Denmark 28. Spain 29. Finland 30. France 31. Greece 32. Netherland 33. Ireland 34. Italy 35. Luxembourg 36. Portugal 37. United Kingdom 38. Sweden 17. Puerto Rico 18. Dominican Republican 19. Saint Kitts and Nevis 20. Saint Vincent and The Grenadines 21. Saint Lucia 22. Trinidad & Tobago 23. Curacao 11. Peru 12. Suriname 13. Uruguay 14. Venezuela C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 71

72 CENTRAL AMERICA 1. Belize 2. Costa Rica 3. El Salvador 4. Guatemala NORTH AMERICA 1. Canada 2. Unites Estates 5. Honduras 6. Nicaragua 7. Panama 3. Greenland 4. Mexico AFRICA 1. Angola 2. Algeria 3. Benin 4. Botswana 5. Burkina Faso 6. Burundi 7. Cameron 8. Cape Verde 9. Chad 10. Comoros 11. Congo 12. Ivory Coast 13. Djibouti 14. Egypt 15. Eritrea 16. Ethiopia 17. Gabon 18. Gambia 19. Ghana MIDDLE EAST 1. Saudi Arabia 2. Bahrain 3. United Arabs Emirates 4. Iraq 5. Iran OCEANIA 1. Australia 2. Fiji 3. Guam 4. Marshall Islands 5. Salomon Islands OTHERS 20. Guinea 21. Guinea-Bissau 22. Equatorial Guinea 23. Kenya 24. Lesotho 25. Liberia 26. Libya 27. Madagascar 28. Malawi 29. Mali 30. Morocco 31. Mauritius 32. Mauritania 33. Mozambique 34. Namibia 35. Niger 36. Nigeria 37. Central African Republic 6. Israel 7. Jordan 8. Kuwait 9. Lebanon 10. Oman 6. Kiribati 7. Micronesian 8. New Caledonia 9. New Zealand 10. New Papua 38. Democratic Republic of the Congo 39. Reunion islands 40. Rwanda 41. Sahara 42. Santa Helena 43. Sao Tome & Principe 44. Senegal 45. Seychelles 46. Sierra Leone 47. Somalia 48. South Affric 49. Sudan 50. Swaziland 51. Tanzania 53. Togo 54. Tunisia 55. Uganda 56. Zambia 57. Zimbabwe 11. Palestine 12. Qatar 13. Syria 14. Turkey 15. Yemen 11. Guinea 12. French Polynesia 13. Samoa 14. Tonga 15. Vanuatu C E N T R A L A M E R I C A N M A R I T I M E T R A N S P O R T C O M M I S S I O N 72

73 Central American Commission for Maritime Transport Residencial Bolonia, Front to the west side of the Mansión Teodolinda s Hotel info@cocatram.org.ni Phone. (505)