Carry of Asteroids - A Guide to Asteroid Spreading
|
|
|
- Cory Brown
- 3 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 1/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Solar system science in the E-ELT era B. Carry 1,2 1 IMCCE, Observatoire de Paris 2 Lagrange, Observatoire de la Côte d Azur
2 2/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 1. Contamination by Small Bodies 2. Composition of Small Bodies 3. Physical properties of Small Bodies 4. Summary
3 3/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Contamination by asteroids A vermin E-ELT detection capability Schroeder (1987) Exposure: 300 s V 26 SNR 5 V 29 SNR 20 Foreground asteroids? V=21 700,000 V=29 millions Anonymous Contamination risks 1. Undetected Confusion noise 2. Detected False candidate 3. Identified Ok (if not blended)
4 3/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Contamination by asteroids A vermin E-ELT detection capability Schroeder (1987) Exposure: 300 s V 26 SNR 5 V 29 SNR 20 Foreground asteroids? V=21 700,000 V=29 millions Anonymous Contamination risks 1. Undetected Confusion noise 2. Detected False candidate 3. Identified Ok (if not blended)
5 3/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Contamination by asteroids A vermin E-ELT detection capability Schroeder (1987) Exposure: 300 s V 26 SNR 5 V 29 SNR 20 Foreground asteroids? V=21 700,000 V=29 millions Anonymous Contamination risks 1. Undetected Confusion noise 2. Detected False candidate 3. Identified Ok (if not blended)
6 4/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 The Vermins Strike Back! Szabo & Simon 2009
7 4/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 The Vermins Strike Back! Back-of-the-envelope computation: Moving object at V=30 1% error on V=25 target MBA: 5 mas/s KBO: mas/s From SAM (Tedesco et al. 2005) V = f(α, β) Number per sq. degree? (α, β) = (0,3 ) 20,000 (α, β) = (40,1 ) 10,000 (α, β) = (0,10 ) 10,000 (α, β) = (0,20 ) 2,000
8 4/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 The Vermins Strike Back! Instr. FOV β=0 β=10 β=20 ( ) (%) (#) (%) (#) (%) (#) CODEX 1x HARMONI 10x METIS 17x MICADO 11x MICADO 53x
9 5/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 1. Contamination by Small Bodies 2. Composition of Small Bodies Composition of Asteroids Composition of Kuiper-Belt objects Composition of Comets 3. Physical properties of Small Bodies 4. Summary
10 6/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Composition of asteroids Remnants of planet formation Orbit Composition Asteroid composition Broad absorption band Classification from spectra Multi-filter classification SDSS: R=5 & 400,000 Gaia: R=35 & 150,000 LSST: R=5 & 1,000,000 Walsh et al. 2011
11 6/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Composition of asteroids Remnants of planet formation Orbit Composition Asteroid composition Broad absorption band Classification from spectra Multi-filter classification SDSS: R=5 & 400,000 Gaia: R=35 & 150,000 LSST: R=5 & 1,000,000 DeMeo-Carry Classification 1.5 E S 0.45 λ (μm) V 0.45 λ (μm) λ (μm) 2.45 DeMeo & Carry, 2013, C P λ (μm) D 0.45 λ (μm) λ (μm) 2.45
12 6/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Composition of asteroids Remnants of planet formation Orbit Composition Asteroid composition Broad absorption band Classification from spectra Multi-filter classification SDSS: R=5 & 400,000 Gaia: R=35 & 150,000 LSST: R=5 & 1,000,000
13 6/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Composition of asteroids Remnants of planet formation Orbit Composition Asteroid composition Broad absorption band Classification from spectra Percentage of Asteroids E S Main Belt C M P D Trojans Distance from Sun (AU) Multi-filter classification SDSS: R=5 & 400,000 Gaia: R=35 & 150,000 LSST: R=5 & 1,000,000 Gradie & Tedesco 1982
14 7/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Composition of asteroids Mass (kg / 0.02 AU) :1 3:1 5:2 2:1 5:3 Hungaria Inner Middle Outer Cybele Hilda Trojan Mean-motion resonances Vesta Ceres Pallas 7:3 Hygeia Semi-major axis (AU) 11:6 Opaque-rich Mafic-silicate rich Misc. C P D B S V A R K L E M Total mass DeMeo & Carry, 2014
15 8/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Asteroids Active asteroids Discovered in 2006 Comet morphology Asteroid orbit Water in asteroids? Periodic phenomena, or not Mechanisms? Near-Earth asteroids Targets for HARMONI Targets for METIS Jewitt 2012
16 8/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Asteroids Active asteroids Discovered in 2006 Comet morphology Asteroid orbit Water in asteroids? Periodic phenomena, or not Mechanisms? Near-Earth asteroids Targets for HARMONI Targets for METIS Jewitt et al. 2015
17 8/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Asteroids Active asteroids Discovered in 2006 Comet morphology Asteroid orbit Water in asteroids? Periodic phenomena, or not Mechanisms? Near-Earth asteroids Adapted from Bockelee-Morvan et al Targets for HARMONI Targets for METIS
18 8/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Asteroids 313P/Gibbs Active asteroids Discovered in 2006 Comet morphology Asteroid orbit Water in asteroids? Periodic phenomena, or not Mechanisms? Near-Earth asteroids Targets for HARMONI Adapted Hsieh et al. 2014, 2015 Targets for METIS
19 8/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Asteroids 324P/La Sagra Active asteroids Discovered in 2006 Comet morphology Asteroid orbit Water in asteroids? Periodic phenomena, or not Mechanisms? Near-Earth asteroids Targets for HARMONI Adapted Hsieh et al. 2014, 2015 Targets for METIS
20 8/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Asteroids 176P/LINEAR Active asteroids Discovered in 2006 Comet morphology Asteroid orbit Water in asteroids? Periodic phenomena, or not Mechanisms? Near-Earth asteroids Targets for HARMONI Adapted Hsieh et al. 2014, 2015 Targets for METIS
21 8/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Asteroids Water ice sublimation Latitude ( ) Line area (km.s -1 ) Planetocentric longitude ( ) Active asteroids Discovered in 2006 Comet morphology Asteroid orbit Water in asteroids? Periodic phenomena, or not Mechanisms? Near-Earth asteroids Targets for HARMONI Küppers et al Targets for METIS See the review by Jewitt, Hsieh & Agarwal 2015
22 8/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Asteroids Impact ejecta Active asteroids Discovered in 2006 Comet morphology Asteroid orbit Water in asteroids? Periodic phenomena, or not Mechanisms? Near-Earth asteroids Ishiguro et al Targets for HARMONI Targets for METIS See the review by Jewitt, Hsieh & Agarwal 2015
23 8/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Asteroids YORP spin-up & fission Active asteroids Discovered in 2006 Comet morphology Asteroid orbit Water in asteroids? Periodic phenomena, or not Mechanisms? Near-Earth asteroids Walsh et al Targets for HARMONI Targets for METIS See the review by Jewitt, Hsieh & Agarwal 2015
24 8/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Asteroids YORP spin-up & fission Active asteroids Discovered in 2006 Comet morphology Asteroid orbit Water in asteroids? Periodic phenomena, or not Mechanisms? Near-Earth asteroids JPL/Cassini/ISS Targets for HARMONI Targets for METIS See the review by Jewitt, Hsieh & Agarwal 2015
25 8/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Asteroids Active asteroids Near-Earth asteroids Tail of size-frequency distribution Potential Earth impactors Laboratory of surface processes Targets for HARMONI Targets for METIS Harris & D Abramo 2015
26 Contamination by Small Bodies Composition of Small Bodies Physical properties of Small Bodies Summary E-ELT and Asteroids Tunguska in 1908 Active asteroids Near-Earth asteroids Tail of size-frequency distribution Potential Earth impactors Laboratory of surface processes Carancas in 2008 Chelyabinsk in /17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 I Targets for HARMONI I Targets for METIS
27 8/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Asteroids Active asteroids Near-Earth asteroids Tail of size-frequency distribution Potential Earth impactors Laboratory of surface processes Targets for HARMONI Targets for METIS Credit: ESA/AIDA
28 8/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Asteroids Active asteroids Near-Earth asteroids Tail of size-frequency distribution Potential Earth impactors Laboratory of surface processes Targets for HARMONI Targets for METIS Yu et al. 2014
29 8/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Asteroids Active asteroids Near-Earth asteroids Targets for HARMONI V [18, 26+] Windows of days/weeks Spectra in µm Low resolution (R 500) HARMONI > JWST/NIRSPEC Targets for METIS Isotope abundances Spectra in 3-5 µm High resolution (R 100,000)
30 E-ELT and EKBO Remnants of planet formation Orbit & Composition Now: 2,000 & D 50 km LSST 40,000 KBO composition Narrow absorption band Ices from spectra Surface heterogeneity Atmospheres! Breakthrough Keck/VLT HARMONI/MICADO Spectra in µm Medium resolution (R 5000) METIS/HIRES Spectra in 3-15 µm High resolution (R 100k) 9/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Morbidelli/Tsiganis/Gomez et al Brown et al. 2012
31 9/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and EKBO Remnants of planet formation Orbit & Composition Now: 2,000 & D 50 km LSST 40,000 KBO composition Narrow absorption band Ices from spectra Surface heterogeneity Atmospheres! Breakthrough Keck/VLT HARMONI/MICADO Spectra in µm Medium resolution (R 5000) METIS/HIRES Spectra in 3-15 µm High resolution (R 100k) Carry et al., 2011 DeMeo et al., 2010
32 9/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and EKBO Remnants of planet formation Orbit & Composition Now: 2,000 & D 50 km LSST 40,000 KBO composition Narrow absorption band Ices from spectra Surface heterogeneity Atmospheres! Breakthrough Keck/VLT HARMONI/MICADO Spectra in µm Medium resolution (R 5000) METIS/HIRES Spectra in 3-15 µm High resolution (R 100k) DeMeo et al., 2015
33 Contamination by Small Bodies Composition of Small Bodies E-ELT and EKBO I Remnants of planet formation Orbit & Composition Now: 2,000 & D 50 km LSST 40,000 I KBO composition I I Narrow absorption band Ices from spectra Surface heterogeneity Atmospheres! Breakthrough Keck/VLT HARMONI/MICADO Spectra in µm Medium resolution (R 5000) I METIS/HIRES Spectra in 3-15 µm High resolution (R 100k) 9/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Physical properties of Small Bodies Summary
34 Contamination by Small Bodies Composition of Small Bodies E-ELT and EKBO I Remnants of planet formation Orbit & Composition Now: 2,000 & D 50 km LSST 40,000 I KBO composition I I Narrow absorption band Ices from spectra Surface heterogeneity Atmospheres! Breakthrough Keck/VLT HARMONI/MICADO Spectra in µm Medium resolution (R 5000) I METIS/HIRES Spectra in 3-15 µm High resolution (R 100k) 9/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Physical properties of Small Bodies Summary
35 10/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Comets Remnants of planet formation Sample for outer-disk Now: 2,000 LSST 10,000 Origin of Earth water? HIRES/METIS Ices and organics? D/H, C/O,... ratios Jewitt et al Nucleus properties? MICADO Spin/Size/Shape? Link with activity? Orbit?
36 10/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Comets Remnants of planet formation Sample for outer-disk Now: 2,000 LSST 10,000 Origin of Earth water? HIRES/METIS Ices and organics? D/H, C/O,... ratios Adapted from Bockelee-Morvan et al Nucleus properties? MICADO Spin/Size/Shape? Link with activity? Orbit?
37 10/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 E-ELT and Comets Ali-Lagoa et al Remnants of planet formation Sample for outer-disk Now: 2,000 LSST 10,000 Origin of Earth water? HIRES/METIS Ices and organics? D/H, C/O,... ratios Nucleus properties? MICADO Spin/Size/Shape? Link with activity? Orbit?
38 11/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 1. Contamination by Small Bodies 2. Composition of Small Bodies 3. Physical properties of Small Bodies What do we know? What do we want to know? Density of SSOs 4. Summary
39 12/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Current census Asteroids
40 12/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Current census Asteroids TNOs & Comets 2000 objects A handful known!
41 13/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Some open questions A. What is the distribution of spin-axis? B. What is the shape of SSOs? What is the distribution of craters? For comets, is activity linked with topography? C. What is the internal structure of SSOs? Is there a relation between density and surface composition? Is there a relation between structure and population? D. What is the multiplicity rate among SSO populations? How does it relate to their formation? How does it relate to their composition?
42 13/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Some open questions A. What is the distribution of spin-axis? B. What is the shape of SSOs? What is the distribution of craters? For comets, is activity linked with topography? C. What is the internal structure of SSOs? Is there a relation between density and surface composition? Is there a relation between structure and population? D. What is the multiplicity rate among SSO populations? How does it relate to their formation? How does it relate to their composition?
43 14/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Opening the door... Spin-axis Durech et al. 2015
44 Opening the door... Spin-axis Durech et al Multiplicity 14/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 From Johnston 2015
45 Opening the door... Spin-axis Durech et al Shape Multiplicity Ali-Lagoa et al /17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 From Johnston 2015
46 Opening the door... Spin-axis Internal structure Durech et al Shape Carry 2012 Multiplicity Ali-Lagoa et al /17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 From Johnston 2015
47 15/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Density of SSOs Density composition Ices: ρ 1 g.cm 3 Rock: ρ 2 3 g.cm 3 Metal: ρ 7 g.cm 3 Earth: ρ = 5.5 g.cm 3 Density = Mass / Volume Satellite mass 3-D Shape volume 1 = 1 2 km History of binary imaging 1990s: No AO No satellites 2000s: AO One satellites 2010s: XAO Two satellites Big expectations for E-ELT
48 15/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Density of SSOs Density composition Ices: ρ 1 g.cm 3 Rock: ρ 2 3 g.cm 3 Metal: ρ 7 g.cm 3 Earth: ρ = 5.5 g.cm 3 Density = Mass / Volume Satellite mass 3-D Shape volume 1 = 1 2 km History of binary imaging 1990s: No AO No satellites 2000s: AO One satellites 2010s: XAO Two satellites Big expectations for E-ELT
49 15/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Density of SSOs E N Density composition Ices: ρ 1 g.cm 3 Rock: ρ 2 3 g.cm 3 Metal: ρ 7 g.cm 3 Earth: ρ = 5.5 g.cm 3 Density = Mass / Volume Satellite mass 3-D Shape volume 1 = 1 2 km History of binary imaging 1990s: No AO No satellites 2000s: AO One satellites 2010s: XAO Two satellites 0.5" VLT Big expectations for E-ELT
50 15/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Density of SSOs E N Density composition Ices: ρ 1 g.cm 3 Rock: ρ 2 3 g.cm 3 Metal: ρ 7 g.cm 3 Earth: ρ = 5.5 g.cm 3 Density = Mass / Volume Satellite mass 3-D Shape volume 1 = 1 2 km History of binary imaging 1990s: No AO No satellites 2000s: AO One satellites 2010s: XAO Two satellites 0.5" Keck VLT Big expectations for E-ELT
51 15/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Density of SSOs E N Density composition Ices: ρ 1 g.cm 3 Rock: ρ 2 3 g.cm 3 Metal: ρ 7 g.cm 3 Earth: ρ = 5.5 g.cm 3 Density = Mass / Volume Satellite mass 3-D Shape volume 1 = 1 2 km History of binary imaging 1990s: No AO No satellites 2000s: AO One satellites 2010s: XAO Two satellites 0.5" Keck VLT Orbit Big expectations for E-ELT
52 15/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Density of SSOs E N Density composition Ices: ρ 1 g.cm 3 Rock: ρ 2 3 g.cm 3 Metal: ρ 7 g.cm 3 Earth: ρ = 5.5 g.cm 3 Density = Mass / Volume Satellite mass 3-D Shape volume 1 = 1 2 km History of binary imaging 1990s: No AO No satellites 2000s: AO One satellites 2010s: XAO Two satellites 0.5" Keck VLT Orbit Big expectations for E-ELT
53 15/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Density of SSOs Density composition Ices: ρ 1 g.cm 3 Rock: ρ 2 3 g.cm 3 Metal: ρ 7 g.cm 3 Earth: ρ = 5.5 g.cm 3 Marchis et al Density = Mass / Volume Satellite mass 3-D Shape volume 1 = 1 2 km History of binary imaging 1990s: No AO No satellites 2000s: AO One satellites 2010s: XAO Two satellites Yang et al Big expectations for E-ELT
54 Density of SSOs Density composition Ices: ρ 1 g.cm 3 Rock: ρ 2 3 g.cm 3 Metal: ρ 7 g.cm 3 Earth: ρ = 5.5 g.cm 3 Density = Mass / Volume Satellite mass 3-D Shape volume 1 = 1 2 km History of binary imaging 1990s: No AO No satellites 2000s: AO One satellites 2010s: XAO Two satellites Big expectations for E-ELT Viikinkoski et al /17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13
55 Density of SSOs Density composition Ices: ρ 1 g.cm 3 Rock: ρ 2 3 g.cm 3 Metal: ρ 7 g.cm 3 Earth: ρ = 5.5 g.cm 3 Density = Mass / Volume Satellite mass 3-D Shape volume 1 = 1 2 km History of binary imaging 1990s: No AO No satellites 2000s: AO One satellites 2010s: XAO Two satellites Big expectations for E-ELT Viikinkoski et al /17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13
56 16/17 B. Carry, ERICE, 2015/10/13 Summary E-ELT for Solar System means observing Fainter: Smaller, Farther, or Less abundant Smaller: Smaller or Farther Finer: Minor species E-ELT will provide a breakthrough for Giant planet atmospheres Comet nuclei Surfaces of TNOs Ring dynamics and composition Multiplicity of small bodies E-ELT will push further our knowledge of the Physical properties of asteroids Composition of comets Dynamics of giant planet systems
Chapter 9 Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets. Their Nature, Orbits, and Impacts
Chapter 9 Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets Their Nature, Orbits, and Impacts Asteroid Facts Asteroids are rocky leftovers of planet formation. The largest is Ceres, diameter ~1,000 km. There are 150,000
Today. Events. The Little Things. Asteroids & Comets. Dwarf Planets. Homework 5. Due in 1 week
Today The Little Things Asteroids & Comets Dwarf Planets Events Homework 5 Due in 1 week Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets: Their Nature, Orbits, and Impacts What are asteroids like? Asteroid traversing
Gaia: Solar System observations
Gaia: Solar System observations Paolo Tanga Observatoire de la Côte d Azur (France) Gaia will also observe Asteroids (~250.000 most known) Comets Mainly Main Belt Asteroids (MBA) Several NEOs Other populations
Pluto Data: Numbers. 14b. Pluto, Kuiper Belt & Oort Cloud. Pluto Data (Table 14-5)
14b. Pluto, Kuiper Belt & Oort Cloud Pluto Pluto s moons The Kuiper Belt Resonant Kuiper Belt objects Classical Kuiper Belt objects Pluto Data: Numbers Diameter: 2,290.km 0.18. Earth Mass: 1.0. 10 22 kg
Group Leader: Group Members:
THE SOLAR SYSTEM PROJECT: TOPIC: THE SUN Required Project Content for an Oral/Poster Presentation on THE SUN - What it s made of - Age and how it formed (provide pictures or diagrams) - What is an AU?
Chapter 12 Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets. Asteroid Facts. What are asteroids like? Asteroids with Moons. 12.1 Asteroids and Meteorites
Chapter 12 Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets Their Nature, Orbits, and Impacts What are asteroids like? 12.1 Asteroids and Meteorites Our goals for learning:! What are asteroids like?! Why is there
The dynamical structure of the Solar System
The dynamical structure of the Solar System Wilhelm Kley Institut für Astronomie & Astrophysik & Kepler Center for Astro and Particle Physics Tübingen March 2015 8. Solar System: Organisation Lecture overview:
Vagabonds of the Solar System. Chapter 17
Vagabonds of the Solar System Chapter 17 ASTR 111 003 Fall 2006 Lecture 13 Nov. 27, 2006 Introduction To Modern Astronomy I Introducing Astronomy (chap. 1-6) Planets and Moons (chap. 7-17) Ch7: Comparative
The Solar System. Source http://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/starchild/solar_system_level1/solar_system.html
The Solar System What is the solar system? It is our Sun and everything that travels around it. Our solar system is elliptical in shape. That means it is shaped like an egg. Earth s orbit is nearly circular.
AIDA: Asteroid Impact & Deflection Assessment A Joint ESA-NASA Mission. Joint ESA NASA AIDA Team
AIDA: Asteroid Impact & Deflection Assessment A Joint ESA-NASA Mission Joint ESA NASA AIDA Team Chelyabinsk Meteor on 15 February 2013 AIDA Asteroid Deflection Test AIDA international cooperation First
Cometary activity in the solar system. Philippe Rousselot Obs. de Besançon
Cometary activity in the solar system Philippe Rousselot Obs. de Besançon Outline of this talk: - The «usual» comets - Search for cometary activity at large heliocentric distance - The case of 174P/Echeclus
7. Our Solar System. Planetary Orbits to Scale. The Eight Planetary Orbits
7. Our Solar System Terrestrial & Jovian planets Seven large satellites [moons] Chemical composition of the planets Asteroids & comets The Terrestrial & Jovian Planets Four small terrestrial planets Like
A STUDY OF THE ORBITAL DYNAMICS OF THE ASTEROID 2001 SN263.
O.C.Winter,2, R.A.N.Araujo, A.F.B.A.Prado, A.Sukhanov INPE- National Institute for Space Research, São José dos Campos,Brazil. 2 Sao Paulo State University, Guaratinguetá, Brazil. Abstract: The asteroid
Main Belt Comets. Asteroid belt s new class of objects and possible source of water and volatiles for the Earth
Main Belt Comets Asteroid belt s new class of objects and possible source of water and volatiles for the Earth A science white paper submitted to Astro2010 Decadal Survey (Planetary Systems and Star Formation)
Explorations of the Outer Solar System. B. Scott Gaudi Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Explorations of the Outer Solar System B. Scott Gaudi Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics The Known Solar System How big is the solar system? a tidal R 0 M Sun M Galaxy 1/3 200,000AU How big is
This paper is also taken for the relevant Examination for the Associateship. For Second Year Physics Students Wednesday, 4th June 2008: 14:00 to 16:00
Imperial College London BSc/MSci EXAMINATION June 2008 This paper is also taken for the relevant Examination for the Associateship SUN, STARS, PLANETS For Second Year Physics Students Wednesday, 4th June
Lecture 13. Gravity in the Solar System
Lecture 13 Gravity in the Solar System Guiding Questions 1. How was the heliocentric model established? What are monumental steps in the history of the heliocentric model? 2. How do Kepler s three laws
Study Guide: Solar System
Study Guide: Solar System 1. How many planets are there in the solar system? 2. What is the correct order of all the planets in the solar system? 3. Where can a comet be located in the solar system? 4.
How To Celebrate The Pictures Of The Asteroid Vesta
1 of 11 08/02/2012 09:04 PM Article LOS ANGELES, California (Achieve3000, May 1, 2012). Vesta is stepping into the spotlight. Thanks to NASA's Dawn spacecraft, scientists now have the first close-up pictures
Name: João Fernando Alves da Silva Class: 7-4 Number: 10
Name: João Fernando Alves da Silva Class: 7-4 Number: 10 What is the constitution of the Solar System? The Solar System is constituted not only by planets, which have satellites, but also by thousands
Exoplanet and Solar System Synergy with Future Missions
Exoplanet and Solar System Synergy with Future Missions Britney Schmidt Georgia Tech OPAG Steering Committee Steve Vance, Jet Propulsion Lab Kunio Sayanagi, Hampton University Solar System Targets for
143,000 km Key to Sorting the Solar System Cards Object Description Size (km) Picture Credits Barringer Crater Ceres Earth Earth's moon Eris Eros Gaspra Hale-Bopp Hoba Iapetus Ida and Dactyl Itokawa
Solar Nebula Theory. Basic properties of the Solar System that need to be explained:
Solar Nebula Theory Basic properties of the Solar System that need to be explained: 1. All planets orbit the Sun in the same direction as the Sun s rotation 2. All planetary orbits are confined to the
Lecture 12: The Solar System Briefly
Lecture 12: The Solar System Briefly Formation of the Moonhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WpOKztEiMqo&feature =related Formation of our Solar System Conservation of Angular Momentum Why are the larger,
A SOLAR SYSTEM COLORING BOOK
A SOLAR SYSTEM COLORING BOOK Brought to you by: THE SUN Size: The Sun is wider than 100 Earths. 1 Temperature: 27,000,000 F in the center, 10,000 F at the surface. So that s REALLY hot anywhere on the
Copyright 2006, Astronomical Society of the Pacific
2 1 3 4 Diameter: 590 miles (950 km) Distance to Sun: 257 million miles (414 million km) Orbits: # 18 Composition: Outer layer probably ice and frozen ammonia, no Diameter: 750 miles (1200 km) Distance
THE SOLAR SYSTEM - EXERCISES 1
THE SOLAR SYSTEM - EXERCISES 1 THE SUN AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM Name the planets in their order from the sun. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The asteroid belt is between and Which planet has the most moons? About how many?
Our Planetary System. Earth, as viewed by the Voyager spacecraft. 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Our Planetary System Earth, as viewed by the Voyager spacecraft 7.1 Studying the Solar System Our goals for learning: What does the solar system look like? What can we learn by comparing the planets to
Asteroids. Earth. Asteroids. Earth Distance from sun: 149,600,000 kilometers (92,960,000 miles) Diameter: 12,756 kilometers (7,926 miles) dotted line
Image taken by NASA Asteroids About 6,000 asteroids have been discovered; several hundred more are found each year. There are likely hundreds of thousands more that are too small to be seen from Earth.
A Solar System Coloring Book
A Solar System Coloring Book Courtesy of the Windows to the Universe Project http://www.windows2universe.org The Sun Size: The Sun is wider than 100 Earths. Temperature: ~27,000,000 F in the center, ~10,000
Debris Disk Imaging with WFIRST-AFTA. Geoff Bryden Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology
Debris Disk Imaging with WFIRST-AFTA Geoff Bryden Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology What & Why What are debris disks? Remnants of planet formation Direct: Second-generation
The Main Point. Lecture #34: Solar System Origin II. Chemical Condensation ( Lewis ) Model. How did the solar system form? Reading: Chapter 8.
Lecture #34: Solar System Origin II How did the solar system form? Chemical Condensation ("Lewis") Model. Formation of the Terrestrial Planets. Formation of the Giant Planets. Planetary Evolution. Reading:
Lecture 10 Formation of the Solar System January 6c, 2014
1 Lecture 10 Formation of the Solar System January 6c, 2014 2 Orbits of the Planets 3 Clues for the Formation of the SS All planets orbit in roughly the same plane about the Sun. All planets orbit in the
The orbit of Halley s Comet
The orbit of Halley s Comet Given this information Orbital period = 76 yrs Aphelion distance = 35.3 AU Observed comet in 1682 and predicted return 1758 Questions: How close does HC approach the Sun? What
LER 2891. Ages. Grades. Solar System. A fun game of thinking & linking!
Solar System Ages 7+ LER 2891 Grades 2+ Card Game A fun game of thinking & linking! Contents 45 Picture cards 45 Word cards 8 New Link cards 2 Super Link cards Setup Shuffle the two decks together to mix
PTYS/ASTR 206 Section 2 Spring 2007 Homework #2 (Page 1/5) NAME: KEY
PTYS/ASTR 206 Section 2 Spring 2007 Homework #2 (Page 1/5) NAME: KEY Due Date: start of class 2/6/2007 5 pts extra credit if turned in before 9:00AM (early!) (To get the extra credit, the assignment must
Georgia Performance Standards Framework for Science Grade 6. Unit Organizer: UNIVERSE AND SOLAR SYSTEM (Approximate Time 3 Weeks)
The following instructional plan is part of a GaDOE collection of Unit Frameworks, Performance Tasks, examples of Student Work, and Teacher Commentary. Many more GaDOE approved instructional plans are
Background Information Students will learn about the Solar System while practicing communication skills.
Teacher Information Background Information Students will learn about the Solar System while practicing communication skills. Materials clipboard for each student pencils copies of map and Available Destinations
Solar System Fact Sheet
Solar System Fact Sheet (Source: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov; http://solarviews.com) The Solar System Categories Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Rocky or Gas Rocky Rocky Rocky Rocky
Solar System Overview
Solar System Overview Planets: Four inner planets, Terrestrial planets Four outer planets, Jovian planets Asteroids: Minor planets (planetesimals) Meteroids: Chucks of rocks (smaller than asteroids) (Mercury,
Related Standards and Background Information
Related Standards and Background Information Earth Patterns, Cycles and Changes This strand focuses on student understanding of patterns in nature, natural cycles, and changes that occur both quickly and
Solar System science with the IRAM interferometer. Recent Solar System science with the IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer
Recent Solar System science with the IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer J. Boissier (Institut de radioastronomie millimétrique) Contact: boissier@iram.fr Outline Planet moons Io Titan Planets Mars Comets
2. Orbits. FER-Zagreb, Satellite communication systems 2011/12
2. Orbits Topics Orbit types Kepler and Newton laws Coverage area Influence of Earth 1 Orbit types According to inclination angle Equatorial Polar Inclinational orbit According to shape Circular orbit
Study Guide due Friday, 1/29
NAME: Astronomy Study Guide asteroid chromosphere comet corona ellipse Galilean moons VOCABULARY WORDS TO KNOW geocentric system meteor gravity meteorite greenhouse effect meteoroid heliocentric system
Bangkok Christian College EIP Matayom Course Description Semester One 2011-2012
Bangkok Christian College EIP Matayom Course Description Semester One 2011-2012 Subject: General Science Grade: Matayom 6 Course Description This semester the General Science course will continue covering
Is Pluto a planet? Historical overview. Personal anecdotes. Launch of the Hubble Space Telescope April 24, 1990
Is Pluto a planet? Max Mutchler Space Telescope Science Institute Johns Hopkins University Odyssey Lecture Series Hubble s Expanding Universe March 13, 2008 Historical overview Discovery of Pluto and it
UC Irvine FOCUS! 5 E Lesson Plan
UC Irvine FOCUS! 5 E Lesson Plan Title: Astronomical Units and The Solar System Grade Level and Course: 8th grade Physical Science Materials: Visual introduction for solar system (slides, video, posters,
Science Standard 4 Earth in Space Grade Level Expectations
Science Standard 4 Earth in Space Grade Level Expectations Science Standard 4 Earth in Space Our Solar System is a collection of gravitationally interacting bodies that include Earth and the Moon. Universal
Debris disks at high resolution. Mark Wyatt Rachel Smith Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge
Debris disks at high resolution Mark Wyatt Rachel Smith Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge Debris disk overview Debris disks are remnants of planet formation, planetesimals which failed to grow into planets;
Planets and Dwarf Planets by Shauna Hutton
Name: Wow! Technology has improved so well in the last several years that we keep finding more and more objects in our solar system! Because of this, scientists have had to come up with new categories
Introduction to the Solar System
Introduction to the Solar System Lesson Objectives Describe some early ideas about our solar system. Name the planets, and describe their motion around the Sun. Explain how the solar system formed. Introduction
Forward: Final Version 2007 January 31. Forward to the University of Arizona Kuiper Belt Book
Forward: Final Version 2007 January 31 Forward to the University of Arizona Kuiper Belt Book Only rarely are we, as scientists and as people, able to witness a whole new research tree grow and blossom
L3: The formation of the Solar System
credit: NASA L3: The formation of the Solar System UCL Certificate of astronomy Dr. Ingo Waldmann A stable home The presence of life forms elsewhere in the Universe requires a stable environment where
Solar System Formation
Solar System Formation Solar System Formation Question: How did our solar system and other planetary systems form? Comparative planetology has helped us understand Compare the differences and similarities
Interaction of Energy and Matter Gravity Measurement: Using Doppler Shifts to Measure Mass Concentration TEACHER GUIDE
Interaction of Energy and Matter Gravity Measurement: Using Doppler Shifts to Measure Mass Concentration TEACHER GUIDE EMR and the Dawn Mission Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) will play a major role in
Solar System Fundamentals. What is a Planet? Planetary orbits Planetary temperatures Planetary Atmospheres Origin of the Solar System
Solar System Fundamentals What is a Planet? Planetary orbits Planetary temperatures Planetary Atmospheres Origin of the Solar System Properties of Planets What is a planet? Defined finally in August 2006!
Chapter 7 Our Planetary System. What does the solar system look like? Thought Question How does the Earth-Sun distance compare with the Sun s radius
Chapter 7 Our Planetary System 7.1 Studying the Solar System Our goals for learning:! What does the solar system look like?! What can we learn by comparing the planets to one another?! What are the major
A: Planets. Q: Which of the following objects would NOT be described as a small body: asteroids, meteoroids, comets, planets?
Q: Which of the following objects would NOT be described as a small body: asteroids, meteoroids, comets, planets? A: Planets Q: What can we learn by studying small bodies of the solar system? A: We can
The Layout of the Solar System
The Layout of the Solar System Planets fall into two main categories Terrestrial (i.e. Earth-like) Jovian (i.e. Jupiter-like or gaseous) [~5000 kg/m 3 ] [~1300 kg/m 3 ] What is density? Average density
Summary: Four Major Features of our Solar System
Summary: Four Major Features of our Solar System How did the solar system form? According to the nebular theory, our solar system formed from the gravitational collapse of a giant cloud of interstellar
Chapter 8 Formation of the Solar System. What theory best explains the features of our solar system? Close Encounter Hypothesis
Chapter 8 Formation of the Solar System What properties of our solar system must a formation theory explain? 1. Patterns of motion of the large bodies Orbit in same direction and plane 2. Existence of
Data Provided: A formula sheet and table of physical constants is attached to this paper. DARK MATTER AND THE UNIVERSE
Data Provided: A formula sheet and table of physical constants is attached to this paper. DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY Autumn Semester (2014-2015) DARK MATTER AND THE UNIVERSE 2 HOURS Answer question
Chapter 7 Our Planetary System. Agenda. Intro Astronomy. Intro Astronomy. What does the solar system look like? A. General Basics
Chapter 7 Our Planetary System Agenda Pass back & discuss Test 2 Where we are (at) Ch. 7 Our Planetary System Finish Einstein s Big Idea Earth, as viewed by the Voyager spacecraft A. General Basics Intro
Presentation of problem T1 (9 points): The Maribo Meteorite
Presentation of problem T1 (9 points): The Maribo Meteorite Definitions Meteoroid. A small particle (typically smaller than 1 m) from a comet or an asteroid. Meteorite: A meteoroid that impacts the ground
2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. The Jovian Planets
The Jovian Planets The Jovian planets are gas giants - much larger than Earth Sizes of Jovian Planets Planets get larger as they get more massive up to a point... Planets more massive than Jupiter are
Welcome to Class 4: Our Solar System (and a bit of cosmology at the start) Remember: sit only in the first 10 rows of the room
Welcome to Class 4: Our Solar System (and a bit of cosmology at the start) Remember: sit only in the first 10 rows of the room What is the difference between dark ENERGY and dark MATTER? Is Earth unique,
Fifth giant ex-planet of the outer Solar System: characteristics and remnants
Fifth giant ex-planet of the outer Solar System: characteristics and remnants Yury I. Rogozin Abstract. In the past, the outer Solar System likely could have more planets than now. Using the new relations,
STUDY GUIDE: Earth Sun Moon
The Universe is thought to consist of trillions of galaxies. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, has billions of stars. One of those stars is our Sun. Our solar system consists of the Sun at the center, and all
Grade 6 Standard 3 Unit Test A Astronomy. 1. The four inner planets are rocky and small. Which description best fits the next four outer planets?
Grade 6 Standard 3 Unit Test A Astronomy Multiple Choice 1. The four inner planets are rocky and small. Which description best fits the next four outer planets? A. They are also rocky and small. B. They
First Discoveries. Asteroids
First Discoveries The Sloan Digital Sky Survey began operating on June 8, 1998. Since that time, SDSS scientists have been hard at work analyzing data and drawing conclusions. This page describes seven
Binary and Multiple Systems
Binary and Multiple Systems Andrew Cheng 1, Andrew Rivkin 2, Patrick Michel 3, Carey Lisse 4, Kevin Walsh 5, Keith Noll 6, Darin Ragozzine 7, Clark Chapman 8, William Merline 9, Lance Benner 10, Daniel
Science 9 Worksheet 13-1 The Solar System
Name Date Due Date Science 9 Read pages 264-287 of SP to help you answer the following questions: Also, go to a school computer connected to the internet. Go to Mr. Colgur s Webpage at http://sd67.bc.ca/teachers/dcolgur
Statement of Dr. James Green Director, Planetary Science Division, Science Mission Directorate National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Statement of Dr. James Green Director, Planetary Science Division, Science Mission Directorate National Aeronautics and Space Administration before the Subcommittee on Space Committee on Science, Space
An Asteroid Garden for the Gainesville Solar Walk And an Asteroid Primer
Adapted From AAC Newsletter FirstLight (2009 Jan/Feb) [Note: The proposed asteroid garden had never been built due to lack of funds.] An Asteroid Garden for the Gainesville Solar Walk And an Asteroid Primer
NOTES: GEORGIA HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE TEST THE SOLAR SYSTEM
NOTES: GEORGIA HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE TEST THE SOLAR SYSTEM 1.What is a Solar system? A solar system consists of: * one central star, the Sun and * nine planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn,
UNIT V. Earth and Space. Earth and the Solar System
UNIT V Earth and Space Chapter 9 Earth and the Solar System EARTH AND OTHER PLANETS A solar system contains planets, moons, and other objects that orbit around a star or the star system. The solar system
The Asteroid Belt. Composition and Classification. Where Different Asteroids are Found
Asteroids The orbits of most of the asteroids lie between those of Mars and Jupiter Asteroid belt More than 10,000 asteroids have well-determined orbits Asteroids 2410 and 4859 are named for the two of
Adaptive Optics (AO) TMT Partner Institutions Collaborating Institution Acknowledgements
THIRTY METER TELESCOPE The past century of astronomy research has yielded remarkable insights into the nature and origin of the Universe. This scientific advancement has been fueled by progressively larger
A short history of telescopes and astronomy: Galileo to the TMT
A short history of telescopes and astronomy: Galileo to the TMT Telescopes in the last 400 years Galileo 1608 Hans Lippershey applied for a patent for seeing things far away as if they were nearby 1609
Orbital Dynamics. Orbital Dynamics 1/29/15
Orbital Dynamics Orbital Dynamics 1/29/15 Announcements Reading for next class Chapter 5: Sections 5.1-5.4 Homework #2 due next class (Tuesday, Feb. 3) Project #1 topic ideas due next Tuesday (Feb. 3)
Chapter 1: Our Place in the Universe. 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley
Chapter 1: Our Place in the Universe Topics Our modern view of the universe The scale of the universe Cinema graphic tour of the local universe Spaceship earth 1.1 A Modern View of the Universe Our goals
Planetary Defense! Space System Design, MAE 342, Princeton University! Robert Stengel
Planetary Defense! Space System Design, MAE 342, Princeton University! Robert Stengel!! Asteroids and Comets!! Spacecraft!! Detection, Impact Prediction, and Warning!! Options for Minimizing the Hazard!!
Lecture 7 Formation of the Solar System. Nebular Theory. Origin of the Solar System. Origin of the Solar System. The Solar Nebula
Origin of the Solar System Lecture 7 Formation of the Solar System Reading: Chapter 9 Quiz#2 Today: Lecture 60 minutes, then quiz 20 minutes. Homework#1 will be returned on Thursday. Our theory must explain
Science and the Taiwan Airborne Telescope
Cosmic Variability Study in Taiwan Wen-Ping Chen Institute of Astronomy National Central University, Taiwan 2010 November 16@Jena/YETI Advantages in Taiwan: - Many high mountains - Western Pacific longitude
THE SOLAR SYSTEM Syllabus
THE SOLAR SYSTEM Syllabus Course Title The Solar System: Earth and Space Science Course Description This course provides an overview of what we know about the Solar System: how it began and evolved, its
Asteroids, Comets, Meteoroids
Asteroids, Comets, Meteoroids (modified from a lesson from Spaceday.org) Activity One Read and make sure you understand the background information! Activity Two Creating Scale Model Strips Materials Ruler
Gravity at. work. Investigating Gravity s job in the solar system
Gravity at work Investigating Gravity s job in the solar system Developed by: Betsy Mills, UCLA NSF GK-12 Fellow Title of Lesson: Gravity at Work! Grade Level: 8 th Subject(s): Gravity Summary: In this
Chapter 25.1: Models of our Solar System
Chapter 25.1: Models of our Solar System Objectives: Compare & Contrast geocentric and heliocentric models of the solar sytem. Describe the orbits of planets explain how gravity and inertia keep the planets
Chapter 8 Welcome to the Solar System
Chapter 8 Welcome to the Solar System 8.1 The Search for Origins What properties of our solar system must a formation theory explain? What theory best explains the features of our solar system? What properties
Earth & Space Voyage Content Unit Report. Grades: 8 States: Nevada Content Standards
Earth & Space Voyage Content Unit Report Grades: 8 States: Unit 1: Exploring the Earth- Teacher's Guide pages 5B-18B: CONTENT STANDARD NV.N.8.A. Scientific Inquiry (Nature of Unifying graphs. opinion.
Lecture 19: Planet Formation I. Clues from the Solar System
Lecture 19: Planet Formation I. Clues from the Solar System 1 Outline The Solar System:! Terrestrial planets! Jovian planets! Asteroid belt, Kuiper belt, Oort cloud Condensation and growth of solid bodies
Lab 7: Gravity and Jupiter's Moons
Lab 7: Gravity and Jupiter's Moons Image of Galileo Spacecraft Gravity is the force that binds all astronomical structures. Clusters of galaxies are gravitationally bound into the largest structures in
Solar System. 1. The diagram below represents a simple geocentric model. Which object is represented by the letter X?
Solar System 1. The diagram below represents a simple geocentric model. Which object is represented by the letter X? A) Earth B) Sun C) Moon D) Polaris 2. Which object orbits Earth in both the Earth-centered
Voyage: A Journey through our Solar System. Grades 5-8. Lesson 1: Our Solar System
Voyage: A Journey through our Solar System Grades 5-8 Lesson 1: Our Solar System On October 17, 2001, a one to ten billion scale model of the Solar System was permanently installed on the National Mall
Solar Energy. Outline. Solar radiation. What is light?-- Electromagnetic Radiation. Light - Electromagnetic wave spectrum. Electromagnetic Radiation
Outline MAE 493R/593V- Renewable Energy Devices Solar Energy Electromagnetic wave Solar spectrum Solar global radiation Solar thermal energy Solar thermal collectors Solar thermal power plants Photovoltaics
The Challenge of Data in an Era of Petabyte Surveys Andrew Connolly University of Washington
The Challenge of Data in an Era of Petabyte Surveys Andrew Connolly University of Washington We acknowledge support from NSF IIS-0844580 and NASA 08-AISR08-0081 The science of big data sets Big Questions
The Gravitational Field
The Gravitational Field The use of multimedia in teaching physics Texts to multimedia presentation Jan Hrnčíř jan.hrncir@gfxs.cz Martin Klejch martin.klejch@gfxs.cz F. X. Šalda Grammar School, Liberec
Unit 8 Lesson 2 Gravity and the Solar System
Unit 8 Lesson 2 Gravity and the Solar System Gravity What is gravity? Gravity is a force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses and the distances between them. Every object in the universe
WELCOME to Aurorae In the Solar System. J.E. Klemaszewski
WELCOME to Aurorae In the Solar System Aurorae in the Solar System Sponsoring Projects Galileo Europa Mission Jupiter System Data Analysis Program ACRIMSAT Supporting Projects Ulysses Project Outer Planets
Newton s Law of Gravity
Gravitational Potential Energy On Earth, depends on: object s mass (m) strength of gravity (g) distance object could potentially fall Gravitational Potential Energy In space, an object or gas cloud has