Označení materiálu: VY_22_INOVACE_AJ_E_63. Autor: Jana Řehořová. Tematický celek: Czech history. Učivo (téma): Prague.

Transcription

1 Označení materiálu: VY_22_INOVACE_AJ_E_63 Autor: Jana Řehořová Tematický celek: Czech history Učivo (téma): Prague

2 Stručná charakteristika Prezentace poslouží jak pro potřeby E- twinningového projektu, tak i pro běžnou výuku v hodinách angličtiny. Cílem materiálu je seznámit studenty s historií hlavního města Prahy. Vytvořeno v říjnu 2013.

3 Použité zdroje a odkazy Obr. 1 dostupný jako volné dílo na WWW: _Kn%C4%9B%C5%BEna_Libu%C5%A1e_v%C4%9B%C5%A1t%C3%AD_sl%C3%A 1vu_Prahy.jpg ( ) Obr. 2 dostupný na Wikimedia Commons, autor Publisher - New York : New York Times, Co. na WWW: ( ) Obr. 3 dostupný pod licencí Creative Commons autor MD na WWW: ( )

4 9th century - Princess Libuše prophesised the glory of Prague. - The Prague Castle is founded around 880 by prince Bořivoj of the Premyslid dynasty. 10th century - Foundations are laid to St. Vitus Rotunda and the Vyšehrad Castle. - The Prague bishopric is founded in th century - Vratislav II becomes the first Czech king in 1085 but remains subordinate to the Holy Roman Empire 12th century - The first stone bridge over the Vltava, Judith Bridge, is built in th century - The Old Town (Staré město) is founded in The Lesser Town (Malá Strana) is founded in 1257.

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6 14th century John of Luxembourg rules the country ( ). - The Prague Castle Area (Hradčany) is founded around The Old Town Hall is founded in Judith Bridge collapses in a flood in Charles IV rules the country ( ) and will be remembered as the most beloved Czech king. - Prague becomes one of the most prosperous cities in Europe and the cultural capital of Central Europe. - The Prague bishopric is upgraded to an archbishopric. - Construction of St. Vitus cathedral begins. - The New Town (Nové město) is founded in Charles University is established in 1348 and becomes the first university in Central Europe. - Charles IV elected Holy Roman Emperor in 1355; Prague becomes the capital of the Holy Roman Empire. - Construction of Charles Bridge begins in 1357.

7 15th century The Hussite wars are sweeping the country from 1419 to 1437 as a result of the religious conflicts between the Hussites and the Roman Catholic Church. 16th century HABSBURG DYNASTY The reign of the Habsburg dynasty begins in 1526 and the seat of power moves to Vienna. Prague Castle is reconstructed in the Renaissance style and a number of recreational sites are added (the Royal Garden, the Belvedere, the Ballgame Hall, etc.)

8 MAGIC PRAGUE Rudolph II. - Holy Roman Emperor, is crowned the Czech king in 1575 and moves his court back to Prague in Prague becomes the center of science and alchemy and earns the nickname "Magic Prague". Many famous scientists are attracted to Prague, such as astronomers Tycho de Brahe and Johannes Kepler. 17th century - The Protestant uprising begins in Protestants are severely defeated in the Battle of the White Mountain (bitva na Bílé hoře) in The Dark Age of the Czech history (doba temna) begins. Prague loses importance and the Prague Castle deteriorates.

9 18th century The four independent urban areas of Prague (Old Town, Malá Strana, Hradčany, New Town) are united by Joseph II in A Czech nationalist movement called the National Revival (národní obrození) begins in The Czech language, culture and national identity are being brought back to life. Joseph II issues the Edict of Tolerance in 1781, granting political and religious rights.

10 19th century - The Industrial Revolution begins. - A railway between Vienna and Prague opens in The growing industry results in an increase of Prague's Czech population as people move to the city from the countryside. - Josefov is added to Prague's historical center in The National Revival continues. - Czech institutions are established to celebrate the Czech history and culture. - The National Theatre opens in 1868, the National Museum opens in 1890.

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12 20th century - The Austro-Hungarian empire falls in 1918 and Prague becomes the capital of independent Czechoslovakia. - Prague Castle becomes the seat of the first president of Czechoslovakia, Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk. - Prague and the rest of the country are occupied by Nazi Germany during World War II ( ). - The Prague Uprising and liberation by the Soviet Red Army end World War II in Alexander Dubček, secretary of the Communist Party, attempts to create "socialism with a human face", culminating in the spring of 1968 ("Prague Spring"). - "Prague Spring" fails and five Warsaw Pact member countries invade Czechoslovakia on August 21, 1968.

13 VELVET REVOLUTION - The Velvet Revolution starts in Prague on November 17, 1989 and brings an end to communism. Czechoslovakia becomes a democratic country. - Václav Havel, former dissident, is elected president in the country's first democratic elections in January Czechoslovakia splits into two independent countries, Czech Republic and Slovakia on January 1,1993.

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15 TASKS FOR STUDENTS 1. Write the most important points in the history of Prague! 2. Which period changed the history of Prague? 3. Name 4 remarkable personalities of Prague history! 4. Speak about the 20th century! 5. What s your opinion about Prague future?

16 SOLUTIONS 1. - Early ages - Golden age - Habsburg dynasty - National revival - The establishment of Czechoslovakia - 20th century - Velvet revolution 3. Princess Libuše, Charles IV., TGM, Václav Havel 2., 4., 5. Students own answers

17 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION.