Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual

Transcription

1 Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual

2 Intego Personal Backup X5 for Macintosh 2008 Intego. All Rights Reserved Intego This manual was written for use with Intego Personal Backup X5 software for Macintosh. This manual and the Intego Personal Backup X5 software described in it are copyrighted, with all rights reserved. This manual and the Intego Personal Backup X5 software may not be copied, except as otherwise provided in your software license or as expressly permitted in writing by Intego. The Software is owned by Intego, and its structure, organization and code are the valuable trade secrets of Intego. The Software is protected by United States Copyright Law and International Treaty provisions. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 2

3 Contents 1 About Intego Personal Backup X5...5 What is Intego Personal Backup X5?... 6 How Intego Personal Backup X5 Protects Your Files... 7 Why You Need to Protect your Data... 9 How You Can Lose Data Backup Decisions Using Scripts to Automate Backups Getting the Most From This User s Manual System Requirements Installing Personal Backup X Quick Start...17 Your First Backup Managing Scripts...20 Getting Started With Scripts Sources and Destinations Creating Sources and Destinations...26 Other Sources and Destinations...28 Network Drives...29 Spotlight Search...30 idisk...31 Optical Discs...32 Disk Images...34 Changing Sources and Destinations...35 Locking, Exporting, and Importing Scripts Script Options...39 Overview of Intego Backup X5 s Script Options Schedules Preparation: Preprocessing Files Exceptions Options Backup Options...49 Bootable Backup Options...51 Synchronization Options...52 Finishing: Postprocessing Files Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 3

4 5 Backing Up, Synchronizing and Restoring...55 What Happens When You Click Play Preview Running Backups, Bootable Backups, and Synchronizations Logs: Reviewing What Happened Restoring: Recovering Lost Files Using the Personal Backup Widget Preferences...73 Log Preferences Schedule Preferences About Personal Backup X Technical Support Glossary...81 Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 4

5 1 About Intego Personal Backup X5 Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 5

6 What is Intego Personal Backup X5? Intego Personal Backup X5 is a comprehensive backup solution for Mac OS X, protecting you from data loss by systematically making copies of your documents, applications, and system files. Intego Personal Backup X5 can back up your files to most media, including: Partitions on your hard drive External hard drives (USB, FireWire or SCSI) Removable media (such as USB key drives) Optical media (such as recordable CDs or DVDs) Network volumes AirPort disks (hard disks connected to Apple s AirPort Extreme base station) An idisk An ipod Disk images Intego Personal Backup X5 can also synchronize data between two computers (such as a desktop Mac and a MacBook or MacBook Pro), or create a bootable backup of your entire Mac OS X volume. And, of course, it restores files to your computer as easily as it backs them up. At its simplest, backing up files with Personal Backup X5 requires dragging and dropping a few folders and clicking the Backup button. For more-complex tasks, Personal Backup X5 s advanced mode lets you create backup scripts that perform multiple actions, and can run on predetermined schedules. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 6

7 How Intego Personal Backup X5 Protects Your Files Intego Personal Backup X5 works by preparing a list of files to be copied, based on your selections, then copying them intelligently to the destination you have chosen. There is a wide range of rules and copying options; we ll go over them in chapter 4 (Script Options). But rules and options generally fall into three categories: backups, synchronizations, and bootable backups. A fourth category, restorations, is when you return files that had previously been copied to their original locations. A backup copies specific files and folders, or the contents of entire volumes or hard drives, from one location to another. The location that contains files at the beginning of the process is called the source; the one receiving the copied files is the destination. To keep the backup files safe, the destination files should be stored and never modified, and should be on a different storage device from the source. For example, you might backup files from your MacBook onto a DVD that you keep at home: then, if the MacBook gets stolen, you still have copies of your files on the DVD. A full backup contains everything on your hard drive not just your documents, but also all applications and system files. While a full backup takes a lot of space, it can also save you from having to reinstall applications after a crash, and offer an insurance policy when installing unknown software or a new version of Mac OS X. One common backup strategy is to make a complete copy of all your files when you first run Personal Backup X5. Then on each subsequent run, you direct the program to copy only those files that have changed since the last backup. This is called an incremental backup. (Don t worry Personal Backup X5 makes these easy.) Restoring is the opposite of backing up, and is usually performed when the source files have disappeared or become damaged. You copy files from the destination disk back to the original source. (In our example above, these files would go from the DVD to your MacBook.) Of course, these files will only be current as of the last time you performed a backup: if you ve modified those files since then, that subsequent work will be lost hence the need to make regular backups. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 7

8 Synchronization twins a source s contents so both the source and destination are identical. The first time you run a synchronization, Personal Backup X5 may copy many files to ensure that both the source and destination contain the same elements. But after that, only those files that are changed on one side are copied to the other side, and, by default, items removed from one side are deleted from the other. Since you may update some files on, say, your Desktop Mac and others on your laptop, a synchronization can keep both of these Macs up to date with the latest versions of each file. Changing file A on your desktop Mac and file B on your laptop means that, when synchronizing the two Macs, file A will be copied to the laptop and file B to the desktop Mac. The result is that the source and destination are always maintained as exact duplicates of each other. A bootable backup copies a volume with Mac OS X on it to a second hard disk so the new location can act as a startup disk. The bootable backup process creates an exact replica of the source, so that destination can function exactly as the source. If you have a system problem on your Mac, you can connect the backup disk, restart your Mac while holding down the Option key, select the backup disk and start up your Mac. You can copy all the user files on your Mac to a safe location, then restore the bootable backup to your Mac by performing a bootable backup in the opposite direction. You ll then be up and running without having to reinstall Mac OS X, its system updates, and your own applications. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 8

9 Why You Need to Protect your Data Whether you use your Mac for work or at home, you devote a lot of time to creating and editing files, installing applications, and maintaining your Mac OS X system. If you use your computer at home, you may have banking records, archives, databases listing your possessions, school reports, or digital pictures of your family. At work, you certainly have documents and files that are essential for your job or business reports, spreadsheets, databases and more. All these files are valuable, and many are irreplaceable. If you don t back up your files, you may have the unpleasant surprise of looking for some of them and discovering them missing or damaged. At that point there s little you can do except feel guilty about not being more prudent and make a resolution to back up your files more often. That s where Personal Backup X5 comes in. It protects you from such loss by making copies of your files so you can recover from losses caused by theft, error, disaster, or data corruption. And it continues to protect you through automated schedules that ensure you always have an up-to-date backup. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 9

10 How You Can Lose Data There are many ways you can lose data, and each is a reason to regularly back up your files. Here are some ways that data can disappear from your Mac: A program corrupts open files when it crashes. A power outage destroys the files you were working on at the time, possibly damaging the hard drive as well, destroying other files in the process. Your hard drive crashes or becomes damaged. Other computer components experience problems, indirectly affecting the contents of the hard drive. A virus infects your computer, irrecoverably destroying affected files. (Intego VirusBarrier X5 offers protection against this danger, and can also check your files while Personal Backup X5 copies them during backups). A hacker attacks your Mac, erasing some or all of its files, or corrupting them (Intego NetBarrier X5 provides protection against such attacks.) Someone steals your computer, and all its data. A fire, flood, earthquake, or other natural disaster destroys data on your hard drive. You erase a file by accident. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 10

11 Backup Decisions Before you implement your backup plan, determine four things: Source: Which files will I backup? Destination: Where will these backup files be stored? Schedule: How often will I perform these backups? Archives: How long will I keep backup files? If you can t make up your mind right away, don t worry: you can have several backup strategies running concurrently. For example, you might decide to make daily backups of important business files to DVDs that are then delivered to an offsite location (such as a safe-deposit box) once a week. On the other hand, perhaps you consider photos and videos of office renovations much less important, so you back them up only once a month to a server in the office. Two criteria help you make decisions regarding which source files to backup: the files importance, and the amount of space available for backup. If, for example, you have an 80 GB hard drive in your MacBook, and a 500 GB external hard drive available for backups, your decision is easy: back up everything, since there s no reason to save a few megabytes when you have so many to spare. If you re short on space, your decisions are more complicated. Which files will cause the most inconvenience if lost? Which are irreplaceable? For most people, personal and business documents come first; think of all your family photos and videos. Then, if there s additional space, applications and system files are important. On Mac OS X, most of your personal documents are stored in the Documents folder of your home folder. But if you have room, don t forget the Pictures, Movies, and Music folders! These are also in your home folder, next to your Documents folder. The destination for your backups could be on the same device as the source, although we recommend you use an external device for all backups except the most casual (and insecure). The problem with the source and destination existing on the same device is that an issue with that device could easily destroy both your originals and your backups, leaving you with nothing. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 11

12 Instead, we recommend you make backups to another device, such as a CD, DVD, ipod, or external hard drive. (Note that external hard drives that connect to your Mac by USB or FireWire are relatively inexpensive.) If you have a.mac subscription, you can use Personal Backup X5 to back up selected folders to your idisk. To save space (and copying time over a network), Personal Backup X5 can make incremental backups that replace only those files that have changed or been created since the last backup. We recommend you take the total size of your source files and budget at least twice as much space on your destination disk. Many people make the mistake of backing up (for example) a 100 GB hard drive to a 120 GB external disk and then run out of space the third or fourth time they perform an incremental backup, as more than 20 gigabytes of files had changed since the first backup. When you use removable media (such as CDs or DVDs), Personal Backup X5 will let your backups span multiple discs, asking you to insert a new disc as each one fills up. In this way you have a (theoretically) infinitely big destination: all you need is more discs! However, such media can become inconvenient for very large backups, such as those of your entire Mac, as you d have to attend to the backup and switch out disks every few minutes. Your backup schedule depends on how often you change the original files. Ask yourself: how long will it take to recreate changes made to lost files? For example, let s say you start working intensively on a file at 9 am. If you lose it due to a crash or power outage at noon, you ll probably need three hours to restore the file if that s even possible. To ensure that you don t lose such data, you should regularly back up your files. For critical data, a backup of working files to external media (or a network location) every few hours is wise. Then, complete daily or weekly backups provide additional protection to cover all files, whether you have worked on them or not. Again, scheduling decisions will depend on the amount of space available on your destination device. If you have plenty of space compared to the total size of your source files, and are able to perform backups conveniently, there s no reason not to do them every day. Consider how long Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 12

13 you ll want to keep archives of your backups. A financial-services company might be required by law to retain computer data for several years: such a company would want to ensure that it always has a definitive copy of each file stored away in case auditors come around. However, it probably won t need to access those old files frequently, or at all: therefore, it would probably store them in a compressed format (to save space), at an offsite location. On the other hand, home users might want to make backups only to ensure that they can recover the most-recent versions of their files, not caring about older versions. For them, the best solution might be to back up their Macs to external drives, automatically discarding old versions as they go. Finally, it s a good idea to create a bootable backup of your Mac OS X startup volume on an external hard drive in case you suffer major disk problems or cannot start up your Mac for other reasons. Then, if problems occur, you can restart your Mac from this disk and get to work immediately. In any case, you should develop a backup strategy that corresponds to the way you work and perform regular backups. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 13

14 Using Scripts to Automate Backups Regardless of whether you create a backup, synchronization, or bootable backup, the specific details of your session are called a script. (You don t need a script to restore files, as you ll see in chapter 5, Backing Up, Synchronizing, and Restoring). There are three advantages to using scripts. First, they ensure that you back up the same files, in the same way, every time; second, scripts can trigger actions from other programs and Mac OS X; third, Personal Backup X5 lets you schedule scripts to run periodically without requiring your attention. For example, you might create a script that does the following, every day at 5 pm: Selects all spreadsheet documents that are under 20 MB; Scans them with Intego VirusBarrier X5; Backs them up, keeping only the two latest versions, then; Shuts down your Mac. We ll discuss scripts in detail in chapter 4 (Script Options). Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 14

15 Getting the Most From This User s Manual If you simply want to backup your entire hard drive, read chapter 2 (Quick Start). Personal Backup X5 will help you protect your data with just a few clicks. Chapter 3 (Managing Scripts) teaches you how to set up all of Personal Backup X5 s actions, from the simplest to the most complex. Every operation, whether a backup or synchronization, is based on a script, so understanding this short chapter will be of great help. Chapter 4 (Script Options) and chapter 6 (Preferences) cover advanced functions, allowing you to customize your backups and synchronizations. It s not required reading, although advanced users and network administrators will get a lot from it. Chapter 5 (Backing Up, Synchronizing, and Restoring) tells you what happens during and after a script has run. If you see anything you don t understand during backups or synchronizations, you ll find the answers here. You ll also find out how to use the Personal Backup X5 Dashboard widget to launch your scripts easily. Finally, a glossary at the end of the manual defines technical terms, while a technical support directory tells you where to go for help if you run into a problem that can t be solved by reading this manual. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 15

16 System Requirements Any officially-supported Mac OS X compatible computer Mac OS X 10.4 or higher, or Mac OS X Server 10.4 or higher Installing Personal Backup X5 For information on installing and serializing Personal Backup X5, see the Intego Getting Started manual, included with your copy of the program. If you purchased Personal Backup X5 by download from the Intego web site, this manual will be in the disk image you downloaded that contains the software. If you purchased Personal Backup X5 on a CD or a DVD, you ll find this manual on the disc. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 16

17 2 Quick Start Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 17

18 Your First Backup There are two ways to launch Intego Personal Backup X5: Navigate to your Applications folder in the Finder, then, double-click the Personal Backup X5 icon. Or, from the Intego menu, choose Personal Backup X5 > Open Personal Backup X5... If you haven t created any scripts already in a previous version of Personal Backup, the first time you launch the program it displays a window with three default scripts, a backup, bootable backup, and a synchronization script, none of which have source, destination or options defined. To create a first backup, click the untitled backup script to select it. Next, add your source. To do this, drag its folder that is, the one containing files you want to back up from the Finder to the area labeled Click to choose Source. (You can also click in that area and navigate to the source folder through Mac OS X s file selection window.) Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 18

19 Do the same for the backup s destination. The window will now show which folder you intend to back up, and where they re going. Then click the Play button, which looks like a right-pointing triangle labeled Back Up. Personal Backup X5 will back up all the files from the source folder to the destination folder or volume, except for those you don t have permission to copy. That s it! You now have a spare copy of all files in the source, ready in case any of the original files disappear. The next time you want to back up the same files, just click the Back Up button again, and Personal Backup X5 will perform the same operation. However, this time only files that are new or that have been updated will be copied: this is called an incremental backup. But Personal Backup does much more than the simple backup described here; the next chapter details all the options that give it the power to satisfy everyone s backup needs, from the single-mac home user to the corporate administrator of thousands of computers. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 19

20 3 Managing Scripts Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 20

21 Getting Started With Scripts Regardless of whether you use Personal Backup X5 for backups or synchronizations, you ll tell the program what you want it to do by creating a script. A script consists of two parts: 1. Indication of the source of files to copy and their destination. 2. Options that control such matters as when a backup will run, what happens before and after it runs, what to do with duplicate files, and so forth If you haven t created any scripts already in a previous version of Personal Backup, the first time you launch the program it displays a window with three default scripts, a backup, bootable backup, and a synchronization script, none of which have source, destination or options defined. You can use one of these scripts, or you can delete them and create your own new scripts. To create a script, either choose File > New Script, or press Command-N. Or, click the + button. By the way, you might have noticed a small yellow box with explanatory text that appears after you let your cursor rest on the + button for a couple of seconds.

22 Such help texts appear throughout Personal Backup X5. If you ever get stuck, or wonder what will happen when you click something, try moving the cursor around the window and letting it sit above various controls for a moment. But back to our backup. Let s assume you opened the New Script window, selected Backup, then clicked Create. You ll have a new script, called untitled backup script : If you do the same thing again, you ll notice a second script underneath the first one, titled untitled backup script 2. Depending on your Mac s screen settings, you might not see the script s full name. But you can fix that if necessary. First, hover the cursor over the vertical dividing line between the list of scripts and the rest of the window, or over the tiny vertical lines next to the word script at the top of the script Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 22

23 list. You ll know it s in the right place when it turns into a thick vertical line with two small arrows on either side. Then, drag it to the right until you can see all your scripts full names. Let s say you want to delete that second script. The first way is to click it once and then click the button; the second is to press the Control key while clicking the script s name until a menu appears, then choosing Remove. (Such contextual menus occur throughout Personal Backup X5.) In either case, a dialog box will ask you to confirm your choice. Now you have just one script called untitled backup script. To change this name, highlight it where it appears at the top of the window and type in its new name. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 23

24 Or, double-click its name in the left column, then type in its new name. Once you hit the tab, enter, or return key, the two locations will reflect the new name. You can also change the icon that represents a script by clicking the current one at the top of the main window and selecting a new icon. You set up synchronization and bootable backup scripts in exactly the same way as backup scripts, although with different default icons to help you differentiate them with a glance. Once you ve created a script, you might want to make another one almost exactly like it, with just a few small changes. To do this, press the Control key, click the script that you wish to copy, then select Duplicate. A new script appears with the same name as the one you just duplicated, but with the word copy at the end. You can then change its name to whatever you like in the manner described above. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 24

25 Sources and Destinations So now you have one or more scripts set up: the next step is to determine which files will be copied, and where they ll go. The process is similar for backups, bootable backups, and synchronizations; however, there are enough differences among them that we ll look at each separately. As used here, a source is the location of files to be backed up, put into a bootable backup, or synchronized. A destination is where copies of the files will go. Backups are the most flexible in terms of sources and destinations. You can define multiple backup sources, for example to duplicate the contents of several folders, or even several network volumes, to one destination. Backup sources don t have to be on computers running Mac OS X: in fact, they don t have to run any operating system at all. That means you can back up from an external disk, network volume, memory stick, ipod, or any other Mac OS X-readable medium in addition to computer drives. Further, you can back up to any Mac OS X-writable medium. You can synchronize from any folder or volume to any folder or volume. But unlike in a backup, you can t synchronize individual files, or synchronize from multiple sources. A bootable backup is the most specific type of action, as its source must be an entire disk or volume that contains a bootable copy of Mac OS X, and its destination must be a medium that can be booted. (Personal Backup X5 does not create bootable backups on DVDs.) Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 25

26 Creating Sources and Destinations Regardless of whether you re making a backup, bootable backup, or synchronization, you define sources and destinations through the top section of Personal Backup X5 s window. There are five ways of indicating sources and destinations: Dragging and dropping items from the Finder to their locations in Personal Backup X5. Clicking in the source or destination area of the window, finding an item you want to use, and clicking Select. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 26

27 Selecting menu options under the Script menu, Choose Source... or Choose Destination... Using command keys: press Option-Command-S to select a source, and Option-Command- D to select a destination (as is shown in the above menu). Using popup menus that appear the source and destination areas of Personal Backup X5 s main window. These only appear when creating bootable backups. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 27

28 Other Sources and Destinations In addition to using folders and volumes as sources and destinations, Personal Backup X5 offers other options. If you click on the Source or Destination areas, you ll see a window where you can choose a source. By default, the Kind menu shows Local File or Folder. Click that menu, and you ll see the other options available. The sources available are the following: And you can choose from the following destinations: Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 28

29 Network Drives You can use a network drive as a source or destination; to do so, select it in the Kind menu. A dialog displays where you can enter information for your network drive: First, enter an address. This can be a local address (such as imac.local), which you can find in the Sharing pane of System Preferences on the Mac you want to mount; a Windows share (such as smb://servername); an FTP or SFTP server, identified by its address (ftp://example.com, or sftp://example.com); or a network volume on a remote computer, identified by its IP address. In each of these cases, you must enter a full address, including any volume and/or folder name. You can add any type of network volume that you can mount in the Finder: in fact, in most cases, the easiest way is to mount the volume in the Finder, then drag its icon onto the Address field in the above dialog. If you check Connect automatically as, and enter a name and password, Personal Backup X5 will not prompt you for this information when running its script. And if you check Wake computer if needed, Personal Backup X5 will attempt to wake the computer containing the network volume. (Note: this does not work with all computers.) You can click Test Settings to check to make sure your settings are correct. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 29

30 Spotlight Search You can use a search from Spotlight, Mac OS X's search technology, as a source for your scripts. To do this, select Spotlight Search from the Kind menu: you ll see a sheet where you can set up a Spotlight search. To create a search, first choose a location from the Search in menu. This can be Computer (your Mac), Home Folder (your home folder) or other. If you choose other, you can select any folder or volume you would like to search. Next, choose criteria for your search. For example, you could choose Content Modified from the first menu, then After from the second menu, and enter a date in the text field. Or you could choose a specific type of file (Other > Kind > Contains > Word to find all Microsoft Word documents). For more on using Spotlight to create searches, see Mac OS X's help documentation. Note that you can also drag a smart folder, which is a way of saving a Spotlight Search, from the Finder onto the Source section of the Personal Backup X5 window to add that search as a source. If the smart folder is in the Finder sidebar, click the folder, then drag its proxy icon the icon in the title bar of the window onto the Source section of the Personal Backup X5 window. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 30

31 idisk Personal Backup X5 allows you to choose an idisk as either a source or destination. Using it as a source allows you to back up its contents on a local Mac; if you choose it as a destination, you can back up some of your files to your idisk to have off-site backups easily. Note that idisk storage space is limited, so you might not be able to back up all your files without purchasing additional space from Apple. If you select idisk from the Kind menu, Personal Backup X5 mounts your idisk (if it is not currently available in the Finder), and displays a sheet where you can select a subfolder for your source or destination: If you wish to back up a folder, or use a folder as destination, click it and click Select. To choose your entire idisk as a source, hold down the Command key and click on the selected folder to deselect it, then click Select. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 31

32 Optical Discs You can use an optical disc a CD or DVD as either a source or destination. To use an optical disk as a source, insert it into your Mac s drive, wait a moment for it to mount, then select it in the Choose a Source dialog. Alternately, drag it on the Source area of the Personal Backup X5 window. To use one as a destination, select Optical Disc from the Kind menu of the Choose a Destination sheet. You ll see the following: If your Mac has more than one optical drive, select it from the Preferred drive menu. If you want Personal Backup X5 to verify the disc after running your backup script, leave the Verify disc after backup option checked. It s a good idea to do this; it only takes a few minutes, and ensures that your disc is readable. If you uncheck this option, you ll save time, but you may not have a working backup. When you use an optical disc as a destination, you will have different Backup Options from other destinations. The Mode menu of the Backup Options offers two choices: You can only choose between copying only changed files or copying all files each time you run your backup. If you copy everything each time you run the backup, each backup disc (or set of Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 32

33 discs) will contain all your files. If you need to restore any files, you can do so from any of your backup discs (or sets of discs). If you choose to copy only changed files, you can make incremental backups, each new disc (or set of discs) containing only those files that have changed since the previous backup. In this case, Personal Backup X5 will ask you to insert the last disc of your previous backup before copying files to new discs. (For example, if your backup spanned three DVDs, you will need to insert the third of these discs into your Mac.) This is done so Personal Backup X5 can read information regarding the files that have already been backed up, so the program will know which files to copy. Note: Personal Backup X5 can create multi-session backups on CDs, but not on DVDs; this is because the Mac OS X framework for writing optical discs cannot write multiple sessions on DVDs. This allows you to use empty space on CDs for incremental backups. If you back up to CDs, and have only used half the capacity of a CD, Personal Backup X5 will be able to use the remaining space for your next backup. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 33

34 Disk Images You can use a disk image as either a source or destination. To use a disk image as a source, mount it in the Finder and select it in the Choose a Source dialog, or drag the mounted disk image (not the.dmg file) on the Source area of the Personal Backup X5 window. To use one as a destination, select Disk Image from the Kind menu of the Choose a Destination sheet. You ll see the following: In this sheet, choose a name for your disk image, and select a location by clicking Change... or by dragging a folder or volume into the Location field. If you wish your disk image to be compressed, choose a form of compression, and if you want to encrypt your backup, choose from two levels of encryption. When you run the script the first time, Personal Backup X5 creates the disk image. Each subsequent time, Personal Backup X5 mounts the existing disk image if it is in the same location. If you move it, though, Personal Backup X5 will create a new disk image with the same name, so you should make sure to leave the.dmg file in the appropriate location. Personal Backup X5 doesn t ask you to choose a size for the disk image; Personal Backup X5 determines the appropriate size. If you run a subsequent backup, Personal Backup X5 enlarges the size of the disk image if necessary. You therefore don t need to worry about how big it is. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 34

35 Changing Sources and Destinations Once you ve chosen a source or destination, you can change it by clicking it and selecting an option from the large popup menu that appears. Options vary depending on whether you re working on a backup, bootable backup, or synchronization. Type of script Backup source A backup source can be pretty much anything. You can create a script that backs up a single file, a folder, a volume, or entire drive, or combinations of any of these, spread among multiple devices. Backup destination A single location folder, volume, or drive on any Mac OS-writable medium. Synchronization source A single folder, volume, or drive, on any Mac OS-readable medium. Options Edit the current choice by clicking the pencil icon, then selecting a new choice. Remove the current choice by clicking the icon. Add an additional source by choosing Add Source... and selecting the desired source. Same as backup source, except that Change Destination... replaces Add Source... This is the same as clicking the pencil icon. (You can only select one backup destination.) Same choices as backup source, above, except that Add Source... has become Change Source...; selecting it is the same as clicking the pencil icon. (You can only select one synchronization source.) Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 35

36 Synchronization destination Same choices as synchronization source, except that Change Source... has become Change Destination... A single folder, volume, or drive, on any sort of Mac OS-writable medium. Bootable backup source Shows all volumes that contain a bootable copy of Mac OS X. Bootable backup destination Shows all currently mounted volumes that are capable of containing Mac OS X, plus the option ASR Disk Image, which creates a single file that contains the full contents of the bootable backup s source. This file is portable, and can be used to produce multiple copies of the source disk, for example to standardize the contents of all Macs on a network. Obviously, a bootable backup s destination can t be the same as its source. If you attempt to make them the same, Personal Backup X5 intelligently changes the previously chosen one so they re not the same. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 36

37 Locking, Exporting, and Importing Scripts So far, we ve considered Personal Backup X5 from the point of view of lone Mac users who don t need to share or protect their backup scripts. But if you share your computer, you might want to protect your scripts from the itchy fingers of others. And if you know others who also have Personal Backup X5, you might want to share copies of your scripts with them so they can see what you did. Personal Backup X5 includes a very simple system that prevents accidental changes to your scripts. Since the scripts themselves aren t valuable information, the lock is more of a deterrent than a security measure: for example, no password is needed to unlock scripts. But it s an effective tool to prevent scripts accidental deletion or changing. To lock a script, either: Hold the Control key while clicking the script in the script list, then select Lock Settings from the contextual menu that appears; Choose Script > Lock Settings; or Press Command-L. To unlock the script, either select Unlock Settings in the contextual menu, choose Script > Unlock Settings, or press Command-L again. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 37

38 To export a script, click it in the script list, then either choose File > Export Script... or press Command-Shift-S. To import a script that s been exported, whether from your copy of Personal Backup X5 or someone else s, either choose File > Import Script..., press Command-O, or doubleclick the scripts icon in the Finder. Exported scripts are plain-text XML files that store all the script s options, including the locations of sources and destinations. If you move the script to a Mac that doesn t have the source or destination in the same location, the script will open but not run. At this point you know how to set up Personal Backup X5 scripts to create backups, bootable backups, and synchronizations; how to show which files should be backed up; how to protect those scripts; and how to transfer them among Macs where Personal Backup X5 is installed. You can run any of these scripts by clicking the one you want in the left column and pressing the Play button in the lower-right corner (that is, the right-pointing triangle). But Personal Backup X5 gives you much, much more control over operations than you ve seen so far. The next chapter shows you what your options are and how to access them. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 38

39 4 Script Options Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 39

40 Overview of Intego Backup X5 s Script Options Virtually all of Personal Backup X5 s custom options such as when a script runs, what happens before and after it runs, what it does when it encounters duplicate files, and so forth are set in the script s options, which appear as a row of five buttons at the bottom of Personal Backup X5 s window. They are: Schedule. You can make a script run periodically, wake up your Mac (if it s asleep), or run even if you re not logged in. Schedules can have several parts, so for example you could direct Personal Backup X5 to run a backup every Monday and Wednesday at 5pm, then again on the first of every month. Preparation. You can set Personal Backup X5 to run another program before starting its script. Most commonly, the program will be Intego VirusBarrier X5, to identify dangerous files before copying them (and possibly infecting other files). However, you can also direct Personal Backup X5 to run any program, including a custom AppleScript that, in turn, runs several other programs. Exceptions. Personal Backup X5 has selectors that give you wide-ranging control over which files are copied. You can choose to back up (or not back up) files based on their visibility, name, kind, path, size, date created, date modified, label, or any combination of these criteria. Options. Each of the three script types backup, bootable backup, and synchronization offers a set of choices specific to that script. These involve the number of backups to keep; whether to copy aliases or the files to which they point; what to do when a file has been changed on both the source and the destination disk; and so forth. Finishing. Like the Preparation option, Finishing lets you direct Personal Backup X5 to run a program (or AppleScript) after the script is finished. It also lets you choose whether to unmount the destination disk, quit the program, run another Personal Backup X5 script, put Mac OS X to sleep, or shut down your Mac entirely. You can view each of these five sets of options in any of three ways: by clicking its button, by choosing its menu item, or by pressing its command-key combination. Each set of options shows up in its own section of the Options part of Personal Backup X5 s main window. But you don t need to Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 40

41 specify any of these options: if you don t, the script will simply run using Personal Backup X5 s default options. There are three ways to remove a set of options from the Options section of the window, and therefore use the default options: Click the small X in the upper-right corner of that section of the Options window; Press the same command-key combination that causes the option to appear; or Select the same menu item that causes the option to appear. In any case, a dialog box will ask you to confirm your choice. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 41

42 Schedules You can run a Personal Backup X5 script at any time by pressing the Play button in the main window s bottom-right corner. But much of the convenience of backup and synchronization operations is in setting them to run periodically, without your intervention or attention. For example, you might want a backup script to run automatically whenever you plug in an external hard drive, or synchronize two computers whenever they re on the same network together. Schedules make this possible. To access Personal Backup X5 s Schedule options, either: Choose Script > Options > Schedule Press Command-1 Click the Schedule button at the bottom of Personal Backup X5 s main window. The Schedule options display. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 42

43 The Run script section lets you direct Personal Backup X5 to run the selected script periodically. To do so, click the checkbox labeled Run script. Then, select how often you want the script to run by selecting a period from the popup menu. The choices are: Period Every Day Every Week Every Month Every Options Select the time of day. Select the day of the week, and the time on that day. Select the day of the month, and the time on that day. Select the number of periods and the length of the period (minutes, hours, days, weeks, months). For example, you could make the script run every 20 minutes, or every three months. You can set up complex schedules by clicking the + button to add more lines to the Run script section. For example, here we ve set a script to run every week on Monday and Friday at 11pm, then on the first day of every month at 1am. The cursor is positioned to add another criterion. To remove any criterion, click the button to its right; to disable all schedules in this script (without deleting them), uncheck the Run script checkbox The other three controls in this section are: Wake up computer if necessary allows you to put your Mac in its power-saving sleep mode, yet still be confident that Personal Backup X5 will perform its scheduled script. Once the script is completed, the computer will remain on unless you also turn on an option in the Finishing section to put the computer back to sleep when done. (To learn how Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 43

44 to do this, see Finishing: Postprocessing Files.) Note that this option will not turn on your computer if it s fully turned off, rather than merely asleep. Run this script even if you re not logged in allows the script to execute even if no-one, or another person, is logged on at the time it s set to run. Run script when volume is ready automatically starts the script when the specified volume is visible to your Mac for example, whenever you connect to a network, or turn on or plug in an external hard drive. Except for your Mac s startup drive, all volumes that are given as sources or destinations for this script are available in the popup menu; if both the sources and destination are on your Mac s startup drive, this option will not be available. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 44

45 Preparation: Preprocessing Files To access Personal Backup X5 s Preparation options, either: Choose Script > Options > Preparation, Press Command-2, or, Click the Preparation button at the bottom of Personal Backup X5 s main window. This option lets you run a program before Personal Backup X5 makes its copies. Because a virus checker is what Mac users most often want to run before backing up or synchronizing, the first checkbox is dedicated to Intego VirusBarrier. The second checkbox lets you direct the script to run any application first. That program could be an Mac application with a graphical interface, an AppleScript, a shell script, an Automator workflow, or even a sound file that you want to play when the script begins. When you check this box, you ll see a dialogue box asking you to select the program to be run; to change it later, click the Choose... button. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 45

46 Exceptions To access Personal Backup X5 s Exceptions options, either: Choose Script > Options > Exceptions, Press Command-3, or, Click the Exceptions button at the bottom of Personal Backup X5 s main window. The first two popup menus let you specify whether you want to copy or not copy any of the conditions you give, or all of them. For example, changing this selection could make the difference between copying only files with cache in their names, none of them, or those files together with others. The next section lets you specify the type of information that you want the filter to find. The choices are: Visibility, Name, Kind, Path, Size, Created (i.e., the date the file was born ), Last Modified, and Label. After choosing one of these, you ll have the opportunity to specify filter details. As in the Schedule section, clicking the + button at the right of the window adds an additional condition, while clicking the button next to a condition removes it from the list. You can also modify filter conditions by simply changing their popup menu options or typing new data into the data fields. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 46

47 In the example below, files will only be copied if they: Are Microsoft Office files (such as Word documents), or Are in a certain folder named Documents to back up, or Have the name Finances. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 47

48 Options Regardless of whether you re running a backup, bootable backup, or synchronization, you access the script s options in the same ways. (Available selections change depending on which type of script you ve clicked in the script list in the left column.) Script type Ways to access the script s options Backup Choose Script > Options > Backup Options, Press Command-4, Click the Backup Options button at the bottom of Personal Backup X5 s main window. Bootable backup Choose Script > Options > Bootable Backup Options, Press Command-5, Click the Bootable Backup Options button at the bottom of Personal Backup X5 s main window. Synchronization Choose Script > Options > Synchronization Options, Press Command-6, Click the Synchronization Options button at the bottom of Personal Backup X5 s main window. We ll look at each of these individually. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 48

49 Backup Options Mode: This section defines how many versions of copied files you wish to keep. (The Backup Decisions section in chapter 1 will help you decide the best strategy for you.) By default, Personal Backup X5 saves all old versions of your files until your backup disk is full; however, you can choose to save only a specific number of old versions. The other option in the Mode popup menu is Keep the latest version of each file only. Selecting that reveals three different options. Remove files deleted from source ensures that your backup doesn t contain copies of any files that you removed in the source location. In this case, your backup precisely reflects the current contents of your source. Overwrite destination files, even if they are more recent than in source makes the backup truly one-way: it assumes the source contains the definitive versions of a file that you want to keep, no matter what. This could be useful if (for example) you use files at the backup location for testing purposes while those at the source location are used for real business. Back up to root level of destination when only one source is defined produces a mirror of the source that could be less complicated than other backup schemes. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 49

50 When you only keep the latest version of each file, Personal Backup X5 performs what is called an incremental backup. Each time you run a script, it will copy new or updated files only; it won t bother recopying files that haven t changed. This saves you a lot of time when running backups. The Permissions section asks whether you want Personal Backup X5 to copy only those files that you have permission to read, or whether it should use administrator authority to copy all files. If you choose the latter, you re given the choice of either entering an administrator s password just before the script runs ( Ask for authentication before running script ) or ahead of time ( Do not ask for authentication ). To copy all files, you must enter a user name and password belonging to someone with administrator-level permissions. To determine who that is on your Mac, choose the Apple menu > System Preferences... > Accounts: users with such power will have Admin under their names. The Advanced options section contains a single checkbox, Resolve aliases. If you leave this unchecked, each alias file will be copied to the destination location without any changes; check it, and the file to which the alias points will be copied instead. Intego Personal Backup X5 User's Manual Page 50