UNIVERSITY/INDUSTRY INTERACTION THE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ISSUE May 12th, 2014, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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1 UNIVERSITY/INDUSTRY INTERACTION THE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ISSUE May 12th, 2014, Buenos Aires, Argentina CLOVIS R. MALISKA Professor Mechanical Engineering Department Federal University of Santa Catarina Brazil

2 c.r.maliska/ufsc UNIVERSITY/INDUSTRY INTERACTION A subject always in discussion With more than 40 years of debates, it was not yet reached a modus operandi for this activity; How to efficiently put together Universities/Industries such that technology creation are at the end of the process; Universities alone are unable to offer technology ready for use; Conflicts on the evaluation and measuring parameters for the faculty members activities and promotions; Cases of success are based on particular experiences. Not a rule. A PROCEDURE TO DEAL WITH THIS INTERACTION IS DEVISED IN THIS TALK

Universities alone are unable to offer technology ready for use; Conflicts on the evaluation and measuring parameters for the faculty members

3 A BRIEF ABOUT RESEARCH ACTIVITIES AT BRAZILIAN UNIVERSITIES THE BEGINNING Creation of COPPE/UFRJ M.Sc. course in Chemical Engineering Full time contracts at major universities for teaching and research. Very important move to strengthen research activities (1970+) 40 years of investments on graduate courses. Good universities and research teams were created. Brazil acquired a level of scientific research able to find solutions for its technological challenges. Despite this academic growth, the technological jump was not yet given.

Very important move to strengthen research activities (1970+) 40 years of investments on graduate courses.

4 . MODUS OPERANDI AT THE MOST UNIVERSITIES c.r.maliska/ufsc FUNDINGS FROM GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES (The most important is CNPq) Fundamental research with no deadlines and no immediate goals; All areas. No compromise with technological objectives; Possible to undertake only with students FINEP IS TRYING TO INCENTIVATE THE INTERACTION, BUT STILL MISSINGTHE KEY POINT OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER This is important, but it is only one part of the problem if technology creation is aimed. We need a model which fulfills the academic requirements and seeks for innovation and technological advances

5 THE SUGGESTED MODEL (to be able to interact with industries) c.r.maliska/ufsc Integrated research activities at the university. RESEARCH GROUP AT THE UNIVERSITY Scientific advances, thesis, dissertations, articles Research Culture Human resources Pré-competitive research Professors, researchers, undergraduate and graduate students Developments of pre-products Technological Information TECHNOLOGY???

RESEARCH GROUP AT THE UNIVERSITY Scientific advances, thesis, dissertations, articles Research

TECHNOLOGY,. INNOVATION?? (In general university is unable to deliver) c.r.maliska/ufsc IT REQUIRES: KNOWLEDGE ( Universities can do that); CLEAR UNDERSTANDING OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL GOAL (companies know what they want).

6 TECHNOLOGY,. INNOVATION?? (In general university is unable to deliver) c.r.maliska/ufsc IT REQUIRES: KNOWLEDGE ( Universities can do that); CLEAR UNDERSTANDING OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL GOAL (companies know what they want). WHAT IS LACKING IS A BRIDGE BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE AND TECHNOLOGY CREATION KNOWLEDGE TECHNOLOGY, INNOVATION TECH-BASED (TBC) COMPANIES CAN DO THE BRIDGING JOB

7 Universities Institutes R&D Knowledge Integrated research activities Tech-based Produto Company TBC Processo Less time Confidential Interaction TRANSFER Company Innovation, technology Technologies Innovative products

Processo Less time Confidential Interaction TRANSFER

8 BENEFITS c.r.maliska/ufsc Virtually, any industrial problem can be solved with the university knowledge and the technological focus of the TBC. Products, softwares and methodologies can be developed. The chain closes; Funding for projects are easier to obtain when universities and tech-based companies are involved; Other issues between industry and universities are facilitated: Training courses; Continuos support; Agility. The culture of doing research is on the DNA of tech-based companies (generally, coming from university spin-off)

Products, softwares and methodologies can be developed.

c.r.maliska/ufsc THE OIL & GAS INDUSTRY CASE NEW SCENARIO AFTER THE OIL MONOPOLY WAS BROKEN 1998- New regulations for oil exploration

5% MUST be applied at the universities (TBC can t use this money) 0.5% can be applied at the own company or any other R&D company.

9 c.r.maliska/ufsc THE OIL & GAS INDUSTRY CASE NEW SCENARIO AFTER THE OIL MONOPOLY WAS BROKEN New regulations for oil exploration in Brazil; The special participation funds (regulated by ANP) Special Participation Funds 0.5% MUST be applied at the universities (TBC can t use this money) 0.5% can be applied at the own company or any other R&D company. MUST BE ON R&D PROJECTS (ANP APPROVAL) R&D Projects ANY OIL COMPANY IN OPERATING IN BRAZIL CAN SPEND THE PARTICIPATION TAXES DOING RESEARCH WITH BRAZILIAN UNIVERSITIES AND R&D COMPANIES

10 IMPORTANCE OF THIS APPROACH c.r.maliska/ufsc It solved the major problem of maintaining research groups, absolutely important if one wants to keep research alive at universities; Strong research groups attracts students. We must remember that for a research topic to grow we need good students and continuos activities. If R&D continues, we will realy see significant technological results in O&G in less than 10 years; HOWEVER, We don t have yeat a regulation allowing Tech-based companies (TBC) to work with Univerisities using the funding destinated to the university. A proposition has been made.

Strong research groups attracts students. We must remember that for a research topic to grow we need good students and continuos activities.

tech-based company Technology Knowledge University and the tech-based company, with the help of the operator, write a proposal for approval ANP The

11 A RECIPE FOR INNOVATION (O&G INDUSTRY) TECH-BASED COMPANIES JOINT PROJECTS WITH UNIVERSITIES. FUNDS FROM SPECIAL PARTICIPATION FOR TECHNOLOGY GENERATION Operator has a list of required technologies Operator chooses the university and the tech-based company Technology Knowledge University and the tech-based company, with the help of the operator, write a proposal for approval ANP The principal coordinator of the project is from the university team. The ANP approves the R&D project, not the tech-based company. Project executed with the help of a university foundation. c.r.maliska/ufsc

12 BUT, we have BARRIERS.r.maliska/ufsc A gigantic bureaucracy hinders all scientific activities in Brazil. For the controlling agencies, there is no difference in building a road and conduct a research program. Rules are the same. In the last 10 years, things worsened. Juridic matters rules the scientific development. Dangerous! Clear tentatives by government control agencies in weakning the Foundations. Universities do not have autonomy. They can t run alone research projects. We may loose the opportunity of giving the technological jump if things remains as they are. NEW REGULATIONS FOR R&D ARE URGENT!!!

In the last 10 years, things worsened. Juridic matters rules the scientific development. Dangerous!

13 Thank you all depto. eng. mec. - ufsc

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