WINTER TIRES AND TIRE SAFETY

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Linda Morris
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1 WINTER TIRES AND TIRE SAFETY Presented by: Phil Maloney Corporate Account Manager #2, Progress Way Chilliwack, BC V2R 0C3 c: KalTire.com

43850 Progress Way Chilliwack, BC V2R 0C3 c:

2 AGENDA Winter Tire Usage in Canada BC Winter Road Regulation Winter Rated vs. M+S vs. All-Weather Tire Management Winter/Year Round Tire Safety Safe Tire Maintenance Best Practices

3 Winter Tires What do I need to know? What is cost effective and safe?

4 The Cost of Winter to Canadian Drivers -Traffic Injury Research Foundation, 50 th Annual Report, 2013

5 Winter Tire Use in Canada In Western Canada, 49% (BC) and 54% (AB-MB) of people choose NOT to use winter tires Of those, 67% say they don t use winter tires because they feel all-season tires are good enough. Those people are wrong

those, 67% say they don t use winter tires because they

6 BC Winter Road Regulation *Chains includes newly approved traction devices

7 Quebec Winter Tire Regulation From Dec 15 Mar 15: All passenger vehicles must be equipped with winter tires Only tires with this symbol or studded tires are considered winter tires

8 Why Use Winter Rated Tires are the only contact between your vehicle and the road and transmit all steering, braking, and traction forces Safety properties of tires become extremely important in demanding driving conditions

braking, and traction forces Safety properties of tires

9 Why Should I Worry About Winter Tires?

10 What Does ICBC Say? Driving without winter tires will not void your insurance if you have a claim. It also won't mean you're automatically at-fault in a crash. However, if you get in a crash where winter tires could have helped, not having them may affect whether or how much you are at fault. Source

claim. It also won't mean you're automatically at-fault in a crash.

11 Winter Conditions Snow Slush Ice Freezing Rain Dry Pavement

12 Winter Tires and Dry Pavement With temperatures just below freezing and on dry pavement, stopping distance for vehicles equipped with all-season tires is 30% longer than for vehicles with winter tires. Furthermore, the winter tire has better traction on a snowy surface at temperatures of -40 degrees Celsius than an allseason tire has at +4 degrees Celsius Winter Tires: A Review of Research on Effectiveness and Use, The Traffic Injury Research Foundation, 2012

Furthermore, the winter tire has better traction on a snowy surface at temperatures of -40 degrees Celsius than an

13 Winter Driving Myths I only need winter tires on snow/ice/slush I have anti-lock brakes. I ll be fine My vehicle has all wheel drive. That s good enough I don t drive far in the winter, so all-season tires are fine My tires meet the legal minimum (M+S), so I m good to go I only need 2 winter tires on my vehicle to be safe

That s good enough I don t drive far in the winter, so all-season tires are fine

14 What are the requirements for a tire to be certified as M+S? Have multiple pockets or slots in at least one tread edge that extend toward the tread center at least 1/2 inch from the footprint edge Measured perpendicularly to the tread centerline, have a minimum cross-sectional width of 1/16 inch Have edges of pockets or slots at angles between 35 and 90 degrees from the direction of travel Have a contact surface void area will be a minimum of 25% based on mold dimensions No tire testing required

footprint edge Measured perpendicularly to the tread centerline, have a minimum cross-sectional width of 1/16 inch Have

15 In Other Words M+S means nothing Virtually ALL tires meet the above requirements The M+S designation can be added to any tire by any manufacturer and has no regulation whatsoever Use of M+S started in the 50 s and simply indicated a lug tread design M+S= All Season

any manufacturer and has no regulation whatsoever Use of M+S

16 Winter Tire Requirements Indicated with 3 Peak Mountain Snowflake symbol (3PMSF) Tightly regulated, and must pass traction tests that indicate quantifiable, significant improvements in braking, acceleration, and cornering over a baseline all-season tire Rubber compound retains elasticity at temperatures below 7 c

quantifiable, significant improvements in braking, acceleration, and cornering

17 Do I Need Winter Tires? These are the average monthly temperatures in Vancouver The AVERAGE low for 6 months out of the year is below 7 degrees Remember, this is in Vancouver

18 Source What Does the RCMP Say?

19 Tire Management Options: Winter or Year Round? 1. Winter/Summer tire option Tire storage management Changeover and balancing or additional set of wheel and TPMS Optimal tire for road conditions Downtime twice a year for changeovers 2. Year Round option M+S tire option not suitable for winter road conditions All-weather tire option

additional set of wheel and TPMS Optimal tire for road conditions Downtime twice a

20 All-Weather Tire Option The rubber compounds and tread patterns of allweather tires have been specifically designed to meet the specifications for the 3PMSF, but are able to be kept on the vehicle year round

specifically designed to meet the specifications

23 Winter Tire Best Practices Legal minimum in BC is 3.5mm (just under 4/32 ) Legal minimum is woefully inadequate (remember, government minimum is also M+S for severe winter highways) Best practice is to replace winter tires if they are below 6/32

24 Safe Tire Maintenance How do I recognize a dangerous tire? What are the components?

26 How do I recognize a dangerous tire? Understanding the construction of a tire Run Flat Tire Tire Damage leading to broken cords Zipper Mandatory Safety Devices

27 Radial Tire Structure Body plies wrap around the beads. The chafer ply reinforces & protects the beads.

28 Radial tires provide many construction features Tread Base Under Tread Sidewall Sidewall Protector Protector Belt Stabilizer Belts Body Ply Bead Inner liner Chafer

29 Run Flat Tire Hidden dangers of a tire run flat Visual tire inspection policy Pre-trip inspection Flow through valve Caps

30 Tire Damage Cupping/Scallop wear Lug or Rib Depression/Punch Wear

31 Tire Damage Impact Sidewall Bulge Zipper Object between duals

32 Tire Damage - Ozone/Weathering A tire condition that develops due to extensive exposure to UV rays Worth considering if you are storing tires outside

33 Mandatory Safety Devices

34 CONCLUSION Have a pre-trip inspection program Always dismount and inspect a flat tire prior to airing it up (Less than 80% of target Air Pressure) Be Safe

36 QUESTIONS What has you thinking? Did you learn anything new or surprising? What are your current processes?

37 THANK YOU.

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