Homelessness Services In San Diego County The Regional Task Force on the Homeless (RTFH)

Transcription

1 Homelessness Services In San Diego County The Regional Task Force on the Homeless (RTFH)

2 INNOVATIONS AND INITIATIVES IN THE SAN DIEGO REGION LEGAL/LAW ENFORCEMENT... 3 The Homeless Outreach Team (HOT) Serial Inebriate Program (SIP) County Mental Health - Psychiatric Emergency Response Team (PERT)... 3 Spruce Street Project (Escondido) Homeless Court Drug Court 1990 s... 4 Behavioral Health Court Initiative HOMELESS DATA AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS... 5 Regional Task Force on the Homeless Inform San Diego and Electronic Bulletin Board 1988/ Community Voice Mail (CVM) United Way / Info- Line (2-1- 1) Data Warehouse Point- In- Time Count (PITC) HUD National AHAR award SERVICES AND ONE- STOP SHOPS... 7 Stand Down Women s Resource Fair (WRF) Project Homeless Connect (PHC) Social Security Outreach, Access and Recovery (SOAR) Year- Round Shelter (One- Stop Shops) MENTAL HEALTH AND HOUSING... 9 AB2034: Mental Health Services Paired With Housing Vouchers... 9 Mental Health Services Act (MHSA)... 9 EMERGENCY SHELTER INNOVATIONS Inclement Weather/Winter Shelter Program Interfaith Community Rotational Shelter POLICY Designated Local Board/State Emergency Shelter Grant (ESG) Program Comprehensive Homeless Policy (adopted City/County) REGIONAL CONTINUUM OF CARE COUNCIL (RCCC) Strategic Goals COLLABORATIVE PLANNING EFFORTS Convocation on the Homeless and the Mayor s Task Force Emergency Resources Group (ERG) South Bay Homeless Advocacy Coalition (SBHAC) East Region Collaborative Network Alliance for Regional Solutions Plan to End Chronic Homelessness (PTECH/Home Again) Southern California COC Leadership Roundtable Homeless Prevention, Rapid Re- housing Program (HPRP) Regional Coordinators Keys to Housing: Ending Family Homelessness TARGETED INITIATIVES IN Veterans Homeless Prevention Demonstration (VHPD) Project Home Again s Project Registry Week / Vulnerability Index Page 2 of 14

3 Innovations and Initiatives in The San Diego Region In recognition of the 25th anniversary ( ) of the Regional Task Force on the Homeless, we look back to recognize some of the many innovations and we look forward at some of the new and existing initiatives which address homelessness in the San Diego County Region. Thanks to the caring and tireless efforts of the dozens of service providers and hundreds of staff and volunteers throughout the San Diego County region, the past 25 years are a legacy of innovation. LEGAL/LAW ENFORCEMENT The San Diego region has a history of creating successful innovations for Legal and Law Enforcement intervention on behalf of the homeless. The following have been recognized as innovative approaches by other communities. THE HOMELESS OUTREACH TEAM (HOT) Teams composed of police officers, County psychiatric clinicians and County Mental Health Eligibility Technicians reach out to homeless people on the street and engage them in services throughout the City of San Diego. SERIAL INEBRIATE PROGRAM (SIP) The combined efforts of the City and County of San Diego formed a collaborative problem- solving effort and a national model called the Serial Inebriate Program (SIP). SIP joins government, law enforcement agencies, and treatment partners in a system to provide a less expensive alternative to emergency departments and jails for treatment of homeless chronic inebriates. The program inspires a medical home for homeless persons through organizations with expertise in homelessness that offer psychiatric and medical intervention. COUNTY MENTAL HEALTH - PSYCHIATRIC EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM (PERT) 3 Five percent (5%) of the US population has a serious mental illness. In contrast, sixteen percent (16%) of the population in prison or jail has a mental illness according to the U.S. Department of Justice. PERT is a mobile crisis team specifically designed to meet the needs of un- served, underserved served residents in San Diego County of all ages. An innovative program, PERT units bring together San Diego Police Department Officers (who have undergone special training with a mental health clinician), PERT staff, social services eligibility staff, a registered nurse, and a licensed clinical social worker or a psychologist to respond to crises and offer alternatives to jail for those with serious mental illness services/hot.shtml Page 3 of 14

4 SPRUCE STREET PROJECT (ESCONDIDO) Homeless service providers, the police and, health care centers in Escondido began offering people who were facing public intoxication charges the opportunity to be detained in sobering services instead of jail. As the first step in participating in treatment, sober- living environments are an alternative to incarceration, emergency room care, transitional housing, or long- term care. The program diverts homeless persons under the influence of alcohol or other drugs into housing and long- term care. HOMELESS COURT 1999 The first homeless court in California was established as an outgrowth of San Diego's Veterans' Stand- Down program 6. Homeless courts are special court sessions held in a local shelter or other community site designed for homeless citizens to resolve outstanding misdemeanor warrants (e.g., violations like unauthorized removal of a shopping cart, disorderly conduct, public drunkenness, and sleeping on a sidewalk or on the beach). Resolution of outstanding warrants not only meets a fundamental need of persons who are homeless but also erases court case- processing backlogs and reduces vagrancy. Outstanding warrants are a barrier to reintegration into society, deterring persons who are homeless from using social services, looking for work, getting a driver's licenses, or renting. Los Angeles started its homeless court in Bakersfield, Ventura, and Alameda soon followed 7. DRUG COURT 1990 S Drug treatment courts were developed in the late 1990s as an alternative to traditional criminal justice prosecution for drug- related offenses. These courts combine the close supervision from the justice system with access to treatment for substance- abusing offenders in criminal, dependency, and family courts. This programs acts to reduce recidivism of drug- related offenses and to tailor effective and appropriate responses for offenders with drug problems. BEHAVIORAL HEALTH COURT INITIATIVE 2010 In 2010, San Diego became the 26th county in California to offer a Behavioral Health Court 8 to divert some mentally ill criminals from jail to a closely supervised treatment program with reports back to the supervising judge. Working together, the public defender's office, the district attorney's office, the Sheriff's department, county probation, and county mental health hope to prevent mentally ill offenders from repeat offenses by treating their illness and addressing aggravating circumstances, such as substance abuse. The court is described as a compassionate response to a population whose mental illness drives their criminal life diego- county- begins- behavioral- health- court/ Gordon, Sarah. April 18, North County Times Page 4 of 14

5 HOMELESS DATA AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS REGIONAL TASK FORCE ON THE HOMELESS 1985 In 1984 the City of San Diego created the Mayor s Task Force on Homelessness. From these early efforts, the RTFH expanded to serve the full region as a community collaborative. In 2004, the RTFH became an independent 501(c)3 nonprofit. The RTFH manages a countywide Homeless Information System (HMIS) that is used by dozens of local service providers who manage 300+ distinct programs. The RTFH supports and empowers San Diego County s homeless service providers with key data and reports: regarding homeless counts, locations, beds, services, unmet needs, etc. The RTFH publishes plans, special reports, and analysis on a variety of topics relating to the causes and conditions of, and the responses to homelessness. The RTFH manages the entire process for the annual Point- In- Time count: planning, volunteer coordination, mapping, training, conducting street surveys, and collecting and analyzing data. The RTFH provides technical assistance, help desk, ongoing training, and critical data reporting to: service providers, cities in San Diego county, the county of San Diego, elected officials, and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The need has never been greater for coordinated services in our region. However, thanks to our many agency partners, the commitment of our elected officials, and the passion of our fellow San Diegans, we are well prepared to proactively respond to our shared goal of ending homelessness. Peter Callstrom RTFH Executive Director The RTFH also collaborates closely with community groups, local agencies, and public entities, in order to implement plans to address and alleviate homelessness. Regional Task Force on the Homeless 4699 Murphy Canyon Road San Diego, CA (858) (phone) (858) (fax) info@rtfhsd.org Page 5 of 14

6 INFORM SAN DIEGO AND ELECTRONIC BULLETIN BOARD 1988/89 San Diego led the way in automated systems to address homelessness. Early efforts (funded through County Community Action Partnership, HUD Supportive Housing, and local contributions) included a catalog of service agencies and a computerized registry of shelter beds and vacancies. Over time these efforts became the dedicated Homeless Management Information System (HMIS), now serving the entire region. This effort also created a platform for 211. COMMUNITY VOICE MAIL (CVM) 1994 A group in Seattle promoted a seemingly simple idea that has had potent impact: connect homeless people to potential social supports and jobs by giving them access to phone messages at a consistent phone number, even while living on the streets. The CVM project was replicated here in UNITED WAY / INFO- LINE (2-1- 1) 1997 Each day throughout the state, people discover that they need help, but may not know where to turn. This phone- in referral and services helpline operates in numerous counties in California and provides information on services designed to result to a wide variety of needs. In 1997 the former Info- line helpline became part of the nation- wide 211 network offering callers free access to information throughout the region. DATA WAREHOUSE 2005 In response to a HUD mandate, the Regional Continuum of Care Council (RCCC) determined that a central data system was needed to help gather all data on homelessness in the county. A data warehouse was established to meet this need. The system has been expanded and enhanced through partnership with the RTFH and the Institute for Public Health (IPH) from San Diego State University. Data from ServicePoint and other systems are aggregated into a common data set. As a result, key regional reports are produced (e.g., Annual Homeless Assessment Report - AHAR). POINT- IN- TIME COUNT (PITC) 2005 Knowing the nature and extent of homelessness and understanding characteristics are important keys to effective intervention. Prior to 2005, the iunderstanding of the characteristics of homeless people rested largely on research done in other major cities, or on information about people living in shelters. This project, funded by the Alliance Healthcare Foundation, developed the research methods and ability to count and survey homeless persons on a given day, now known as the Point- In- Time Count (PITC). HUD NATIONAL AHAR AWARD 2010 The AHAR Herculean Effort Award honors communities that go above and beyond data collection efforts in order to produce high quality Annual Homeless Assessment Report (AHAR) data. In 2010, HUD honored the RTFH The RTFH worked tirelessly to submit data for the San Diego City and San Diego County Continuums of Care (CoCs). Due to a significant bed inventory, data from these CoCs can often look incomplete. The RTFH took the time to put together extra data to show the AHAR team its local fluctuations and to confirm its data quality. This extra effort led to a greater understanding of local data and seasonal bed fluctuations Page 6 of 14

7 SERVICES AND ONE- STOP SHOPS STAND DOWN 1988 Stand Down for homeless veterans is a concept used during the Vietnam War to provide a safe retreat for units returning from combat operations. At secure base camp areas, troops were able to take care of personal hygiene, get clean uniforms, enjoy warm meals, receive medical and dental care, mail and receive letters, and enjoy the camaraderie of friends in a safe environment. Stand Down afforded battle- weary soldiers the opportunity to renew their spirit, health, and overall sense of well- being. That is also the purpose of the Stand Down for street- weary homeless veterans. Veterans Village of San Diego has been designated as the keeper of the flame to provide national leadership for the movement. Stand Down has been honored as the most valuable outreach tool to help homeless veterans in the nation today by the National Coalition for Homeless Veterans 11. WOMEN S RESOURCE FAIR (WRF) 1989 For more than two decades the Women s Resource Fair 12 (WRF) has provided a range of services to low- income, recovering, homeless and abused women and their children. Each year women from around the region attend the WRF to receive social, medical and legal services, as well as employment information and shelter referrals. The WRF is organized by volunteers from the San Diego community and supported by the Lawyers Club of San Diego, the San Diego Volunteer Lawyer Program, the San Diego County Bar Association, and the San Diego County Bar Foundation. PROJECT HOMELESS CONNECT (PHC) 2005 Born in San Francisco and modeled after the response to Katrina and Stand Downs for veterans, Project Homeless Connect (PHC) has been identified by the United States Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH) as an innovation that can move people quickly toward housing and stability in just one day. A one- day event annually, it is focused on immediacy, hospitality, and results for homeless neighbors. PHC fuses political and civic will in a one- day, one- stop array of resources to provide the hospitality and the support to create a trajectory out of homelessness National Coalition on Homeless Veterans: Page 7 of 14

8 SOCIAL SECURITY OUTREACH, ACCESS AND RECOVERY (SOAR) 2009 Social Security Administration staff and management from throughout the south west region and the CoC agencies met to create a more efficient eligibility system for homeless persons in San Diego. SOAR 14, a national initiative to help the homeless persons get benefits, trains and certifies individuals from community- based organizations. A SOAR certified person then trains agency intake staff, legal aid, and others on SSI and SSDI programs. The trained agency personnel review application and eligibility forms for accuracy. A case manager in a community- based agency holds the file as they work with a designated person at Social Security office to process the claim. This modest system change improves access to services and reduces administrative burdens on the organizations and the homeless applicant. YEAR- ROUND SHELTER (ONE- STOP SHOPS) 2010 San Diego was recognized in the late 80 s for its innovation in creating one of the first one- stop models in the country. In 2008, the City of San Diego formed a task force to expand upon that early effort and provide solutions to shelter the downtown street homeless on a year- round basis. The task force recommended the best way to address homelessness was housing coupled with supportive services, which is consistent with recommendations in the Plan to End Chronic Homelessness (PTECH). After a public solicitation process, a collaboration of three organizations was selected to provide: o A drop- in multi- service center o 150 interim beds o 75 permanent supportive housing units o A federally qualified medical provider The collaboration is to be located in the World Trade Center, a 12- story, city- owned building at 1250 Sixth Avenue. The process to begin negotiations with the partners was approved by City Council in If the developer s application for tax credits is approved in the next funding round, it is expected that the project will take approximately three years to complete Page 8 of 14

9 MENTAL HEALTH AND HOUSING AB2034: MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES PAIRED WITH HOUSING VOUCHERS 15 This state funded program in 2001 was the precursor for the Mental Health Services Act and provided comprehensive services to homeless or at- risk, mentally ill adults. This flexible funding source allowed for a comprehensive array of services including outreach, supportive housing, employment, substance abuse, and mental and physical healthcare. Locally, County Mental Health brought together a community collaborative to increase service options, and housing. The program was paired with 100 Section 8 vouchers for housing stability. Many clients remain successfully housed to date. MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES ACT (MHSA) 16 This state program, funded by a 1% millionaires tax (2004 Prop 63), replaced the AB2034 program and provides an infusion of flexible mental health funding, funneled directly to local Departments of Mental Health. In San Diego, the County contracts with MHSA providers who provide intensive ACT model case management and an array of services and housing for homeless or at- risk adults. MHSA funding has also provided funding for programs for Children and Older Adults with mentally illness. The flexibility of this funding enabled decisions to be made at the local level through extensive community feedback Page 9 of 14

10 EMERGENCY SHELTER INNOVATIONS INCLEMENT WEATHER/WINTER SHELTER PROGRAM 1986 The Inclement Weather / Winter Shelter Program began as a way to protect people from the elements during the winter season. Initially the program was driven by inclement weather that was considered life- threatening by the State HHS. Weather and temperature were at one time the indicators of whether shelters throughout the region could open with extra beds that night. The Inclement Weather Shelter system expanded to occupy public spaces such as armories. By 1990, the City of San Diego program operated throughout the winter season in various settings including: Balboa Park Gymnasium, Wonder Bread Factory, SVDP s cafeteria. Over time, the program morphed into the City s Winter Shelter Program which sheltered people for the winter months in sprung structures: one for single adults in downtown San Diego, and one for veterans in the Midway area. A County- wide voucher program was developed to allow families, seniors and the disabled to stay in a hotel/motel for up to a month. INTERFAITH COMMUNITY ROTATIONAL SHELTER 1986 A network of 120 congregations from many faith- based denominations combines efforts to create a county- wide Rotational Shelter program. Neighborhood congregations join together to shelter people when other shelters are not available. This simple, practical, community- based effort to help homeless people manage their daily needs while working to resolve their homelessness serves hundreds of people each year who would otherwise be on the streets. POLICY DESIGNATED LOCAL BOARD/STATE EMERGENCY SHELTER GRANT (ESG) PROGRAM In the 1990 s San Diego created a Strategic Plan and applied to the State to operate a Designated Local Board for planning and allocating State ESP fund. This brought much needed state resources to the local level for planning, application and distribution of emergency shelter funds to local organizations. COMPREHENSIVE HOMELESS POLICY (ADOPTED CITY/COUNTY) In 1997, the City and County adopted a Comprehensive Homeless Policy to plan for and coordinate homeless resources between the Urban County and municipalities in the San Diego Region by participation in the Regional Task Force for the Homeless. Page 10 of 14

11 REGIONAL CONTINUUM OF CARE COUNCIL (RCCC) Since the early 1990s, the U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) has required communities to assess homeless needs as part of the McKinney- Vento Act Continuum of Care (CoC) competitive funding process. Each CoC is required to undertake a comprehensive public- private planning process that assesses local services; takes inventories of emergency, transitional, and permanent supportive housing for homeless persons; and determines homeless needs through counts of persons in shelters and on the street. Established as part of a coordinated Continuum of Care strategy in the mid 1990 s, the Regional Continuum of Care Council (RCCC) was formerly named in Mission: to engage organizations in a community- based process that works to address the underlying causes of homelessness and to lessen the negative impact on individuals, families and communities. Composition: representatives of local jurisdictions, community- based organizations, local housing authorities, government, academia, health service agencies, homeless advocates, consumers, the faith community, and research, policy and planning groups. RCCC representatives serve an immense geographic area and a diverse homeless population. Purpose: Activities: to alleviate the impact of homelessness on individuals, families, and communities by fostering access to housing and services, identifying gaps in services, and establishing funding priorities for federal McKinney- Vento funds. provide a comprehensive vision for entities seeking to prevent and alleviate homelessness; develop and implement strategies; and disseminate information. STRATEGIC GOALS Ensure access for homeless persons to quality services and facilities in all phases of the Continuum of Care system (from street outreach to permanent housing.) Coordinate services throughout the region to ensure that each special needs population has access to services in each geographic sub- region (evidence- based distribution of resources to ensure care for all groups.) Provide a seamless system of care for the homeless to transition from the streets to permanent housing ( no wrong door.) Support development of a strategic plan to address homelessness in San Diego County. Foster the plan for a permanent system focused on solving the root causes of homelessness Page 11 of 14

12 COLLABORATIVE PLANNING EFFORTS CONVOCATION ON THE HOMELESS AND THE MAYOR S TASK FORCE 1983 In May 1983 a group of civic leaders (e.g., judges, clergy, elected officials, service agency staff, and the Downtown Coordinating Council) sponsored the Convocation on the Homeless - an opportunity that explored solving homelessness from a variety of perspectives: best- practice that were evolving in other cities; insights from academic research, and importantly, personal experiences on the street. When convocation leaders called for the establishment of an on- going task force to continue the work, the Mayor of San Diego responded with the Mayor s Task Force on the Homeless 17. EMERGENCY RESOURCES GROUP (ERG) 1980 The Emergency Resources Group (ERG) is a voluntary community- based forum focused on responding to the emergency shelter and services needs in the San Diego Region. The ERG acts as the regional advisory group to the local Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Emergency Food and Shelter Program (EFSP) Board for expenditures federal EFSP funds. SOUTH BAY HOMELESS ADVOCACY COALITION (SBHAC) The Chula Vista Community Collaborative 18 created the SBHAC to educate the community and advocate for change to better serve homeless and near homeless families and individuals in our community. Mission: "To strengthen the coalition of people and organizations to increase awareness on the needs of homeless families, to enhance resources within the community and to advocate on a political level for solutions." The SBHAC meets monthly at the Chula Vista Police Department. EAST REGION COLLABORATIVE NETWORK 2008 The Network established the Homeless Families Workgroup in 2008 to bring together stakeholders to discuss issues facing homeless families and to identify resources. The Workgroup consists of providers, the faith community, liaisons from school districts, and community members. The Workgroup has developed a comprehensive service directory available to homeless families in the East Region. Members have also worked with the Interfaith Shelter Network to expand the number of congregations that participate. The Workgroup conducted its first Project Homeless Connect on 8/18/10. ALLIANCE FOR REGIONAL SOLUTIONS 2007 In Spring 2007, non- profit executives (northern San Diego County) came together to create a cohesive voice and plan of action for community solutions to address homelessness, especially during the winter months. Known as the Alliance for Regional Solutions (ARS), the group works to "collaboratively advocating changes to ensure emerging human needs are justly met." Prior to this regional effort, the winter shelters had been provided by separate North County agencies with no formal coordination among the cities in the north region 19. PLAN TO END CHRONIC HOMELESSNESS (PTECH/HOME AGAIN) 2004 As part of this national effort to address chronic homelessness, San Diego formed a broad partnership (public entities, private industry leaders, nonprofit providers, and advocates) invested in Coates, Robert. (1990) The Street is Not a Home: Solving America s Homeless Dilemma, Derived from Page 12 of 14

13 the development of a local plan to end chronic homelessness in ten years. In 2004, the City and County officially launched the endeavor with unanimous resolutions to collaborate in developing PTECH in the San Diego Region. United Way helped to convene local stakeholders and a steering committee known as the Leadership Council was formed to provide oversight and executive leadership. PTECH was adopted in October 2006 by the San Diego City Council. In December 2009, PTECH was formerly renamed Home Again 20. SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA COC LEADERSHIP ROUNDTABLE 2008 Leaders of Continuums of Care (CoCs) came together in 2008 to share information about the structure, philosophies, and strategies from their planning efforts. From this simple beginning the Southern California CoC Leadership Roundtable has developed into a cooperative evaluation and coordination group of thirteen CoCs that meets quarterly to enhance the quality of each CoC and to initiate actions that promote greater understanding and shared success for Southern California as a region. HOMELESS PREVENTION, RAPID RE- HOUSING PROGRAM (HPRP) REGIONAL COORDINATORS 2009 The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), passed in 2009, created tremendous opportunity for the development of effective data collection and evaluation focused on HPRP implementation and prevention activities. San Diego Grantmakers 21, convened elected leaders and local jurisdictions in an effort to coordinate HPRP efforts. Quarterly meetings of the Regional Coordinators bring together representatives of funded programs to create cooperative plans and to evaluate program performance, potentially enhancing the region s ability to garner additional resources and serve clients more effectively. These efforts assist in the development of long- term policies, programs and priorities. KEYS TO HOUSING: ENDING FAMILY HOMELESSNESS 2010 The San Diego Grantmakers (SDG) Homelessness Working Group works to prevent and reduce homelessness in the region by enabling funders and other stakeholders to have greater impact through advocacy, collaboration, and education. In 2010, SDG launched the Keys to Housing initiative to develop a plan and tools to prevent and end episodic homelessness, involving both regional elected leaders and broad- based stakeholders in dialogue and planning PTECH, Page 13 of 14

14 TARGETED INITIATIVES IN 2010 VETERANS HOMELESS PREVENTION DEMONSTRATION (VHPD) PROJECT In 2010 the San Diego Continuum of Care was invited to select an entity to carry out a unique demonstration program. The VHPD Project 22 asks the applicant to explore ways for the Federal Government (especially HUD, VA and DOL) to offer early intervention homelessness prevention, primarily to veterans returning from wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. It is anticipated that VHPD will provide an opportunity to understand the unique needs of this new group of veterans, and will support efforts to identify, reach, and assist them to regain and maintain housing stability. The VHPD exemplifies the commitment by HUD to break down barriers at the national level and design programs that simplify the process and bring together resources from other funding sources. HOME AGAIN S PROJECT 25 Project 25 will provide permanent housing, supportive services, and comprehensive discharge plan, to at least 25 chronically homeless. The initiative will include the first comprehensive data collection for San Diego s frequent users, determining the total cost of services used by each person, before and after entering into the program. The City, County and United Way will work together to provide funding. The initiative also represents the joint efforts of multiple organizations that have agreed to share pertinent information (e.g., outcome measurements, efficacy of services, housing opportunities and health services). Collaboration and coordination are critical to making the most of our regional resources. Through Project 25, we will not only learn how to better serve the chronically homeless, but the community at large. Nick Macchione Director - San Diego County Health & Human Services Agency REGISTRY WEEK / VULNERABILITY INDEX 2010 The San Diego Downtown Partnership s 23 teamed up with Common Ground to administer an extensive survey and create a registry of everyone experiencing homelessness on the streets downtown (the week of 9/19/10). The goal is to identify the most vulnerable and help them get into supportive housing in the weeks and months following the project. Partners include: The County of San Diego; The City of San Diego; The Veteran s Administration; The United Way and Home Again (PTECH); many of San Diego County s homeless service providers; and the. The RTFH played a key role as we collaborated on the development of the survey instrument, and created the custom database that was used to gather, manage, and analyze the data Downtown San Diego Partnership is an advocate for the economic growth and revitalization of Downtown. Page 14 of 14