Legacy vs. IP Version Software 2. Getting Familiar with thesystem

Transcription

1 Legacy vs. IP Version Software 2 Chapter 2 Getting Familiar with thesystem This section describes the menu system, port options, and basic operational procedures used in working with the firmware. 2.1 Legacy vs. IP Version Software The routing software is divided into two tracks of software: that which is needed for X.25 networks and that which is needed for SNA networks. Only one version of software can reside on the unit at any given time. The difference between the two is the set of routing schemes and protocols offered. NOTE: This manual provides information and procedures for both tracks. Routing When you select the Routing menu option, one of the following menus is displayed, depending on the version of software you are using. The only difference between the routing options is that the X.25 track offers X.25 routing, and the SNA track offers SNA routing with switching tables. 2-1 Release5.0.3D

2 2 Legacy vs. IP Version Software LEGACY 1) IP Routing 2) IPX Routing 3) Frame Relay Routing 4) X.25 Routing 5) SNA Routing 6) Voice Routing LAN 1) IP Routing 2) IPX Routing 3) Frame Relay Routing 4) Voice Routing Protocols When you choose 2 (Data Configurations), 1 (Undefined Port), 1 (Protocol), one of the following menus is displayed, depending on the version of software you are using. The only difference between the protocol options is that the X.25 track allows you to configure ports for X.25 and XXX PAD, whereas the SNA track allows you to configure ports for SDLC LEGACY 1) Frame Relay 2) Asynchronous Encapsulation 3) Bit Sync Encapsulation 4) Serial Line IP (SLIP) 5) Point to Point (PPP) 6) MultiLink PPP 7) SDLC Routing 8) Async Burroughs Poll/Select 9) Sync Burroughs Poll/Select A) Byte Sync Encapsulation B) Telnet Terminal C) X.25+ D) XXX PAD E) SDLC 1490 Configuration F) EtherNet Configuration INTERNET 1) Frame Relay 2) Asynchronous Encapsulation 3) Bit Sync Encapsulation 4) Serial Line IP (SLIP) 5) Point-to-Point (PPP) 6) MultiLink PPP 7) SDLC Routing 8) Async Burroughs Poll/Select 9) Sync Burroughs Poll/Select A) Byte Sync Encapsulation B) Telnet Terminal C) EtherNet Configuration MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-2

3 Getting into the System: Passwords Getting into the System: Passwords Passwords on the System Administration Menu (choose Y from the Main Menu) allows you to create and alter passwords. Passwords are not necessary to use the unit upon receipt from the factory. However, to ensure the security of your network, we recommend that you create a supervisory password as soon as you set up the unit. You can enter three configurable passwords: supervisor, local, and remote. Local and Remote passwords protect against unauthorized supervisory and configuration access. The Supervisor password allows you to set and change passwords, providing a second level of protection. Once passwords have been set up for your unit, you must enter the password when prompted before working with the unit. Important characteristics of unit passwords: 1 Once you set up the supervisor password, keep a record of the change. We are unable to retrieve your password. IMPORTANT 2 Passwords take effect immediately; however, they are not saved until you select WriteConfigurations from the Main Menu. See Section 2.4.8, Writing (Saving) Configurations. 3 If a user makes three invalid attempts to enter a password, the session is dropped. The screen is displayed as follows: ENTER PASSWORD: *********** ERROR - ENTER PASSWORD: ********** ERROR - ENTER PASSWORD: ********** ERROR - CONNECT FAILED 4 Each unique password may contain up to twelve characters. 5 Passwords are NOT case sensitive and all echoes are in upper case. 6 The Local Password is applicable only for local access to the Supervisory port. 7 The Remote Password is used if one establishes a Telnet session with the unit. 2-3 Release5.0.3D

4 2 Getting into the System: Passwords 8 The Supervisory Password allows you to enter the System Administration Menu and to create and change passwords Creating or Changing a Password Step 1 SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION MENU To create a password for the first time, choose "Y" (System Administration) from the Main Menu, and the unit will prompt you to enter the "Supervisory Password". Type "fastcomm" and depress ENTER. The following menu is displayed: System Administration ) Passwords 2) SNMP Configuration 3) Flash Memory Management 4) FRAD Database Management 5) Code Region Priority 6) Ping 7) Telnet Terminal 8) Trace Route 9) FRAD Triggers A) Distributed FRAD System R) Remote Logging C) Copy Configuration S) Supervisory Port Download N) Network Download Enter Choice : Step 2 PASSWORDS Select Passwords and the following options are displayed: 1 Local Password <NONE> 2 Remote Password <NONE> 3 Supervisory Password FASTCOMM Enter Choice: NOTE: For security, you should always have a supervisory password. Record the password and keep it in a safe place. If you lose it, the unit must be returned to the factory and reset, and your configurations will be lost. MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-4

5 Using the Menu System 2 Step 3 LIST OF PASSWORDS Select the type of password you want to enter. One of the following prompts is displayed: Define Local Password: Define Remote Password: Define Supervisory Password: Step 4 NEW PASSWORD Type the new password and press ENTER. The password options are redisplayed showing the new password you just typed. In this example, the Supervisory password is set up as ABCDEF. 1 Local Password : <NONE> 2.3 Usingthe MenuSystem Before you start!! To begin configuring the unit after you have powered up for the first time, press ENTER and the Main Menu is displayed. The Main Menu is the top level of a hierarchy of menus you will use to configure the unit. FastComm F9200 MetroLAN -- Ver D Copyright FastComm Communications Corporation, Main Menu ) Physical Configurations 2) Data Configurations 3) Voice Configurations 4) Local Addresses 5) Routing 6) Global Paths 7) External Dial Devices V) View Current Unit Status L) Load Factory Defaults W) Write Configuration R) Reset Unit X) exit Session S) Statistics Y) system Administration Enter Choice : 2-5 Release5.0.3D

6 2 UsingtheMenuSystem To reach a sub-menu and begin configuring the unit, select the option you want. Press the escape key (ESC) at any time to return to the previous screen. This eventually takes you back to the Main Menu Guidelines for Using Menu Options 1 Only one protocol can be configured for each serial port. 2 The exception is that the Ethernet port can carry IP and IPX and LLC simultaneously. 3 If you type anything other than Y or N for a given yes or no option, the unit defaults to N unless you are being asked if you want to save a configuration. In this case, you are forced to type either Y or N. 4 Configuration changes do not take effect until you save them by selecting W to Write Configuration and R to Reset Unit. 5 When first entering the menus, the factory defaults are displayed after the parameters for which they have been set. 6 To change the protocol on a previously configured serial port, you must first delete the existing protocol. 7 Each parameter menu identifies the port you are currently configuring (the factory defaults are displayed in the menu examples provided in this manual Inactivity Timeout Pending If no key on the keyboard has been struck for five continuous minutes, the following warning is displayed; or press any key to continue the session: Warning! Inactivity Timeout Pending! Connection is broken in 1 minute unless activity resumes. This will cause any unsaved configuration changes to be lost! Press any key to prevent immediate timeout. Continued lack of activity for one minute results in the session being terminated and the appearance of this message on the screen: Connection Timeout MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-6

7 Using the Menu System 2 To continue configuring the unit, you must reactivate the menu system by pressing ENTER. The last screen you were using is redisplayed. CAUTION! If there is a connection timeout, any configurations that were not saved are lost. (For information on saving configurations, see Section 2.4.8, Writing (Saving) Configurations and Section 2.4.9, Resetting the Unit Add, Modify or Delete an Entry This option is displayed after table entries have been made. You can add, modify or delete any entry by selecting the corresponding letter: A, M, or D. If you are modifying or deleting an entry, you are prompted for the entry number. If you are adding another entry, the parameters are displayed for you. Typing M also allows you to view existing entries. If you press ESC, you return to the previous menu, as displayed below. IP Routing Table Handling Complete Configure Routing ) IP Routing 2) IPX Routing 3) Frame Relay Routing 4) X.25 Routing 5) SNA Routing 6) Voice Routing Enter Choice : After modifying a table, you are given the option to save the changes. Type Y to save changes or N to discard them. If you type anything else or press ESC, for example, you are told that the command is invalid and prompted again. 2-7 Release5.0.3D

8 2 Overview of Main Menu Options 2.4 Overview of Main Menu Options Data Configurations The Data Configurations option allows you to define the protocol characteristics of all data ports on the unit. To configure a data port, see Chapter 4, LAN & Legacy Protocol Definitions. There are different types of ports throughout the system. For a complete description of each, see Section 2.5, Understanding Port Types. See Section 4.2, Configuring Port Interfaces for T1/E1 for details on how to configure parameters Configuring Ports From the Main Menu, select Physical Configurations. This option allows you to read the configuration of the interface card. The type of card installed in a given slot determines the type of interface it has. The universal serial card configures itself for different interface types depending on the cable installed. Port Interfaces S) SUPERVISOR DCE N) NETWORK Active = DTE Inactive = DCE 1) PORT 1 Unknown 2) PORT 2 Unknown 3) PORT 3 Unknown Enter Choice: See Chapter 4, Configuring Data Ports, section 4.5.2, Configurging the T1 CSU/DSU and section 4.5.3, Configurging the E1 CSU/DSU for procedures on how to configure T1 and E1 parameters Local Address From the Main Menu, select Local Address. This option allows you to enter the IP Address and a Name. MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-8

9 Overview of Main Menu Options IP Address The IP Address is used as the Local Address for our proprietary Transport Layer Protocol supporting legacy protocols. The unit also uses the IP address as its node address for switching and for in-band Telnet and SNMP network management. Every unit in a network must be assigned an IP address. The choice of these numbers within certain constraints are arbitrary if your network is isolated and is not connected to any other IP network. However, you must make sure that the IP address assigned to the unit does not conflict with other existing IP network devices. Each IP address must be unique within a network. TroubleShooting Tip... Failure to verify appropriate IP addressing could cause improper functioning of the unit or disruption of existing network services caused by invalid or duplicated IP addressing. When modifying an existing IP address, the current address is displayed at the prompt to facilitate the change. You can backspace to remove one character at a time, or press CTRL Z to clear the entire entry. Below is the Configure Local Address Menu used to enter the necessary address: Configure Local Addresses ) IP Address: ) Name: Enter Choice: If you select IP Address (1), fill in the appropriate address in the given format (N.N.N.N, where n can range from 0 to 255). Enter Local IP Address (N.N.N.N): Name A unit s name is particularly useful in differentiating units during a remote Telnet session. It is displayed at the beginning of each major menu for the Supervisory port (you might name the unts according to their georgraphic locations, i.e., Chicago or Boston). 2-9 Release5.0.3D

10 2 Overview of Main Menu Options A change to this parameter, once saved, takes effect immediately. If you exit without saving, the last saved configuration is restored throughout the unit, and your changes to this field and others are lost. If you load factory defaults When you select Name from the Configure Local Address Menu, the following prompt is displayed: Enter Local Name (Maximum 15 characters): Enter a name with up to fifteen characters and press ENTER. This name is displayed on subsequent major menus Routing See also... See also... See also... Section 4.4, Defining Global Paths Section 3.1.6, PING Section 3.1.9, Trace Route The Routing option allows you to perform address mapping, or routing, by establishing Routing Tables that are used to guide packets on their path through the network. The unit can route packets conforming to the IP, IPX, Frame Relay, X.25, Annex G, and SNA protocols. This chapter provides detailed information and procedures for configuring IP and IPX routing. NOTE: Frame Relay, X.25, and SNA routing are discussed in Chapter 7. Voice Routing is discussed in Chapter 5. If you have a unit with X.25 track software, the SNA Routing option is not displayed. If you have a unit with SNA track software, the X.25 Routing option is not displayed. The units are designed to look at the address portion of these packets and route them to the corresponding port and DLCI, according to the Routing Tables configured. If routing entries have already been made, you are given the option to add, modify or delete entries. See Section 2.3.3, Add, Modify or Delete an Entry. When you select Routing from the Main Menu, the Configure Routing Menu is displayed, depending on the version of software you are using: MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-10

11 Overview of Main Menu Options 2 LEGACY 1) IP Routing 2) IPX Routing 3) Frame Relay Routing 4) X.25 Routing 5) SNA Routing 6) Voice Routing LAN 1) IP Routing 2) IPX Routing 3) Frame Relay Routing 4) Voice Routing Global Paths From the Main Menu, select Global Paths. See also... Chapter 4, Configuring Data Ports, section 4.4, Defining Global Paths The Global Paths option provides a central place to configure the parameters necessary to route data. These parameters may include all or some of the following: logical port number, protocol, circuit type, channel numbers, DLCIs, or X.121 addresses Viewing Current Unit Status From the Main Menu, select View Current Unit Status. This option allows you to display system information. The status screen is displayed below. Type any key to return to the Main Menu. The following menu is displayed: View Current Unit Status Active Code Region : 1 Active Database : 1 Software Version : File name: F92ETHX.RX Snmp Mib Version : MAC Address : 00A0EB Memory Utilization Buffer Utilization: 1% RAM Utilization: 16% EEPROM Utilization: 41% 2-11 Release5.0.3D

12 2 Overview of Main Menu Options Last EEPROM Write Time : 0 seconds CPU Utilization Factor: 1 Time Since Powerup: 0 days 4 hours 16 minutes 46 seconds Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Step 9 Step 10 ACTIVE CODE REGION There are two regions where operating code is stored in the unit. The Active Code Region field identifies which of the two code regions in the Flash memory is currently being used. ACTIVE DATABASE There are two databases where configuration for the unit is stored. The Active Database field identifies which of two databases is currently being used. SOFTWARE VERSION The Software Version field identifies which version is currently running in the unit. FILE NAME. The File Name field identifies which model unit is currently in operation. SNMP MIB VERSION The SNMP MIB Version field identifies which version is currently running in the unit. MAC ADDRESS The MAC Address is the physical address of the device that carries traffic; in this case, the physical address of the unit Ethernet port. A range of MAC addresses have been assigned for all units. All of the addresses begin with 00-A0-EB (hexadecimal). The last three octets of the MAC address are set at the factory prior to shipment and are unique for each unit. The MAC address can be found on the label on the bottom of the unit. MEMORY UTILIZATION The Memory Utilization field identifies the Buffer, RAM, and EEPROM usage in percentages. The Buffer Utilization reflects the percentage of usage of the internal buffers. LAST EEPROM WRITE TIME The Last EEPROM Write Time reflects the number of seconds it has taken for the configuration to be written into EEPROM. CPU UTILIZATION FACTOR The CPU Utilization Factor changes between 1 and 0 when the unit is idle. TIME SINCE POWERUP The Time Since Powerup field identifies the number of days, hours, minutes, and seconds that have transpired between powerup and the present time. MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-12

13 Overview of Main Menu Options Load Factory Defaults From the Main Menu, select Load Factory Defaults. This option allows you to reload the factory settings. When you select this option, the following prompt is displayed, asking if you are sure you want to load factory defaults: Load Factory Defaults Y) Yes N) No Are You Sure? : Enter Y (Yes) or N (No) Writing (Saving) Configurations STARTING PATH... From the Main Menu, select Write Configuration. This option allows you to save the configuration you have in the unit. Any configuration that is not saved is lost when the unit is reset or turned off. The Write Configuration Menu is displayed below. Write New Configuration to Memory Y) Yes N) No Are You Sure?: To save the configuration you have entered, respond with a (Y). Type Y to save the configuration. You can watch the unit verifying entries. When it has finished saving them, you are prompted to press any key to continue. Once you do so, the Main Menu is displayed again. Verifying Configuration, WAIT... Verifying Frame Relay Routing Table... Verifying Bit Sync Encapsulation Ports... Verifying IP Routing Table... Verifying IPX Routing Table... Verifying Asynchronous Encapsulation Ports... Verifying SDLC Routing Ports... Verifying Required EEPROM Space Release5.0.3D

14 2 Overview of Main Menu Options EEPROM Utilization: 9% Saving Config, WAIT... SAVED Press Any Key to Continue If you have set up an invalid configuration, an error message is displayed and the configuration is NOT saved. Correct the error(s) and try again. 1 Error(s) Detected. Configuration is NOT saved... Errors SAVE & RESET... For the new configuration to take effect, you must reset the unit (see Section 2.4.9, Resetting the Unit) Resettingthe Unit STARTING PATH... From the Main Menu, select Reset Unit (R). This option allows you to reset the unit. To activate the new configuration, this function must be performed whenever you change and save the configuration. The primary purpose of the Reset function is to implement configuration changes to the unit in one step. This is useful since some parameters must be changed in a certain order or are dependent on other parameters being set. By changing these parameters off-line, you can set them in any order and save them all at once. Then the unit can be reset, activating the new configuration (the reset button on the front panel of the unit also resets the unit itself). The Reset Unit Menu is displayed below. Reset Unit Y) Yes N) No If you type Y and you have already saved your last changes, the following prompt is displayed: Are You Sure?: If you type Y and you have changed the configuration but not yet saved it, you are given the option to save it. MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-14

15 Overview of Main Menu Options 2 Save New Configuration? (Enter Y (Yes) or N (No)): Typing Y saves the configuration unless there is an error as mentioned above under Section 2.4.8, Writing (Saving) Configurations. Typing N ignores the new configuration and resets the unit using the old configuration. The new configuration is lost. If you type something else or press ESC, for example, you are told that the command is invalid and you are prompted again. If the configuration does not contain errors and you are resetting the unit locally, the following message is displayed. Resetting this Unit, Wait 10 Seconds, Press ENTER to continue When resetting the unit remotely, the following message is displayed. Resetting this Unit When the unit is reset remotely, the Telnet session closes before the unit resets (to reenter the system after resetting the unit, wait 10 seconds and press Enter) Exiting from asession STARTING PATH... From the Main Menu, select Exit Session. This option allows you to end the configuration session. When you have finished configuring the unit, exit the configuration process by typing X. The following menu is displayed: Exit Session Y) Yes N) No Are You Sure?: You are given the option to save the new configuration if you have changed it. If an invalid entry has been made, however, the new configuration is not saved. Note that there is no message indicating exactly when the session has been ended. Are You Sure?: Y 2-15 Release5.0.3D

16 2 UnderstandingPortTypes Save New Configuration? (Enter Y (Yes) or N (No)): Invalid Response - Defaulting to OLD Configuration! Ending Session... The Exit Session command also resets the Supervisory port for autobaud Statistics This option allows you to monitor the live system (see Chapter 9, Monitoring Statistics) System Administration This option allows you to perform administrative tasks for the system (see Chapter 3, System Administration and Chapter 6, Remote System Management). 2.5 UnderstandingPort Types This section discusses the functions of the Supervisor port, the difference between physical and virtual ports, and the concept of logical ports Supervisory Port You can use this port as a direct Supervisory port or as a Telnet port. The latter is useful for configuring or controlling remote units. Telnet on the Supervisory port should not be used for conveying heavy-duty traffic. The default setting is the Supervisory function. During the database verification that occurs when the configuration is saved, the Supervisory port is tested to guarantee that the port is defined for one or the other of the two available settings. If neither is set, an error message is generated stating Supervisory port is Not Defined and the database is not saved. When set for Telnet, the Local IP Address is tested to verify that it is nonzero. (A zero address would make a Telnet terminal port unreachable.) If the IP Address is zero, the message Telnet Terminal Port(s) Defined With No Local IP Address is generated and the database is not saved. MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-16

17 UnderstandingPortTypes 2 When set for Telnet, the Local IP Address is tested to verify that it is nonzero. (A zero address would make a Telnet terminal port unreachable.) If the IP Address is zero, the message Telnet Terminal Port(s) Defined With No Local IP Address is generated and the database is not saved. If you select the Supervisor port after selecting Port Definitions from the Main Menu, the following prompt is displayed: Port Currently Defined. Delete the Port? (Enter D) : If you type D to delete the setting, the Logical Port Protocol Menu is displayed again. Select the port again and the following menu is displayed. Define Port 1) Supervisor 2) Telnet Terminal Select the number of the setting you want. If you select Supervisor, the Logical Port Protocol Menu is displayed again. If you select Telnet Terminal, the Telnet Terminal Parameters Menu is displayed. If the port is set for Telnet Terminal and you select it from the Logical Port Protocol Menu, you are given the option to modify or delete the port. If you select modify, the Telnet Terminal Parameters Menu is displayed again. If the Supervisory port is pre-defined as a Telnet Terminal server from the Supervisory port, the Telnet port defaults to the current speed of the Supervisory port. However, if you set the Supervisory port for Telnet from a remote Telnet session, the default speed is 9600 bps. CAUTION! If either a local Supervisory port or a remote Telnet session times out, any unsaved changes to the database are lost. When the Supervisory port is set to Telnet, the local supervisory functions can still be accessed by making a Telnet call to that port (port 23 at the Local IP Address). When you are locally connected to a unit and a Telnet Terminal menu is displayed on the Supervisory interface, the command "T Local" can automatically connect you to the Main Menu, even if you do not know the IP address of that unit Release5.0.3D

18 2 UnderstandingPortTypes Physical Ports The Network port, User Ports 1, 2, 3, and the Ethernet port are physical ports through which all traffic in this unit must ultimately pass. These ports are attached to the main board in the unit, which is what identifies them as physical ports Voice Ports Voice ports allow voice equipment such as PBXs, Key systems, fax machines, and telephones to connect to the unit over T1, E1, or E & M interfaces. When uncompressed voice arrives at the port, the voice is compressed and transmitted to its destination. E&M Voice Port Ground Reference The user has the option of using either chassis ground (Earth) or a user supplied Telecom ground as the reference for the E&M Voice Port The Factory default is for the user to supply a ground to the Telecom terminal located on the back of the unit. To change from the factory default and use chassis ground (Earth) as the E&M voice port reference, the following steps are required: 1.) Remove any connection to the external Telecom ground terminal 2.) Open the unit up and slide out the circuit boards 3.) Add two pin shunt (jumper) to header P7 located on the daughter board 4.) Slide the circuit boards back in place and close up the unit. Voice Compression The MetroLAN TM supports G.723 (5.3 kbps & 6.3 kbps) voice compression algorithm. Voice Compression is a process of electronically modifying a 64 Kbps PCM (Pulise Code Modulation) voice channel to obtain a channel of 32 kbps or less for the purpose of increased efficiency in transmission. As defined by the ITU (International Telecommunications Union), G-723 is a standard for voice encoding using a variety of CELP (Code Excited Linear Prediction - see Glossary for definition). MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-18

19 UnderstandingPortTypes Logical Ports Logical ports can be mapped to dialup ports (for modems) or to other logical ports (as with Telnet and XXX PAD). When defining a port, you must start by selecting Port Definitions from the Main Menu and then selecting either a physical port from the first Logical Port Protocol Menu or selecting a logical port from the second Logical Port Protocol menu, which you can view by selecting M (More Ports) from the first menu. The following diagrams show different ways you can use logical ports. Helpful Hint... Only one protocol can be carried on any given physical port. Logical Ports Mapped to Physical Ports In this example, Logical Ports 10 through 14 are linked to the Network port and Physical Ports 1 through 4. You may configure a modem on Logical Ports 11 through 14, which correspond to the four serial ports shown. Any of the remaining logical ports may be mapped to a physical port also. However, only one protocol can be carried over any given port S N E Physical Ports Illustration 2-1: Logical Ports Mapped to Physical Ports Modem Configured on Logical Port & Mapped to Dialup Port In this example, a modem is configured on Logical Port 16, and is mapped to Physical Dialup Port Release5.0.3D

20 2 UnderstandingPortTypes PPP S N E Dialup Illustration 2-2: Modem on PPP Port Mapped to Physical Port Logical Port Mapped to Another Logical Port In this example, Logical Port 21, which is configured for Telnet Terminal, is mapped to Logical Port 22, which is configured for XXX PAD. This mapping is done within the protocol parameters, themselves, and not in the Physical Mapping section on the Logical Port Attribute Menu. There is no mapping to a physical port in this case S N E Telnet Terminal XXX PAD Illustration 2-3: Telnet and XXX PAD Linked Together PPP Ports Mapped to MLP Port and to Physical Ports In this example, Logical Ports 21 and 22 are each configured for PPP and mapped to Physical Ports 3 and 4, respectively. Then, Logical Port 24 is configured for MLP and is bundled with Ports 21 and 22 in its Memberlink Table S N E PPP PPP Illustration 2-4: PPP Ports Bundled with MLP Port & Mapped to Physical Ports MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-20

21 Call Detail Recording Call Detail Recording The Call Detail Recording feature allows the MetroLAN to obtain a detailed call activity history. The unit sends the call activity details to a Syslog Daemon, which could be running on a Unix server or on Windows based PCs. In the case of Windows based PCs the Syslog Daemon application needs to be acquired separately as it not available along with the operating system. The Call activity collected from the Syslog Daemon can be used for billing purposes and call activity statistics. The CDR collects the call information when the call is completed at a voice port/channel. The Call manager associates each call with a unique call reference, that is used to collect the call information. The CDR report includes source telephone number, destination telephone number, call duration, call routing information (IP/FR), incoming Voice Port/channel, Node name and the disconnect reason. The CDR log can be sent to two workstations or PCs running Syslog Daemon because Syslog messages are UDP based. This does not guarantee delivery. By having a backup host that also records the call details, a higher percentage of successful delivery can be achieved. The CDR logs from both hosts need to be analyzed to obtain a complete call detail record. The Syslog Message Format A complete call message contains, the source and detsination telephone numbers, the duration of the call, call routing information (IP/FR), Incoming Voice Port/Channel, the Node name and the reason for disconnection. The Syslog Daemon will perform the time and date stamping for each Syslog message sent by the MetroLAN. Verbose Message Format: Src:#######, Dst:#######, [Call duration: hrs mins secs ]. Routing: IP x.x.x.x, UDP Port: xxxx OR Routing: FR port xx, DLCI xx OR Routing: Voice channel #, Incoming Voice port/channel: xx, 2-21 Release5.0.3D

22 2 Call Detail Recording Node name: xxxx Message: Src Ph. n/a: Dst Ph. xxxx: Duration x hrs y min z sec: Routing - IP a.b.c.d UDP port yyyy: Incoming chan z: Node mlan Reason local onhook Or Src Ph. n/a: Dst Ph. xxxx: Duration x hrs y min z sec: Routing - FR port x DLCI xx: Incoming chan z: Node mlan Reason remote onhook Or Src Ph. n/a: Dst Ph. xxxx: Duration x hrs y min z sec: Routing - Voice chan x: Incoming chan z: Node mlan Reason link lost Non-verbose Message Format: Message: DH:DM:DS IIII SSSS DDDD RR NODE DR DH:DM:DS Call duration in hours, minutes and seconds (max. of 99 hours 59 minutes.) IIII SSSS DDDD RR Incoming voice port/channel. Source telephone number. This field will be valid when caller ID is available in MetroLAN and GlobalStack. Destination telephone number. Route 0 ñ Voice Port/Channel 1 ñ VoIP 2 ñ VoFR NODE DR Node name. Disconnect Reason MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-22

23 Call Detail Recording 2 There are various disconnect reasons which are identified by numeric value below: Local Onhook 0 Remote Onhook 1 Network Link lost 2 No Answer 5 Channel Busy 6 Call Limit Exceeded 7 Port Disabled 8 Bad Configuration 11 Congestion 12 Capabilities Mismatch 16 The MetroLAN can be configured for Remote Logging to the Syslog Daemon via the System Administration menu. System Administration ) Passwords 2) SNMP Configuration 3) Flash Memory Management 4) FRAD Database Management 5) Code Region Priority 6) Ping 7) Telnet Terminal 8) Trace Route 9) FRAD Triggers A) Distributed FRAD System R) Remote Logging C) Copy Configuration S) Supervisory Port Download N) Network Download Enter Choice : Select Remote Logging (R) and the unit will display the following menu: FRAD Remote Logging ) Logging : Disable 2) IP Address : 3) Log Facility : syslog Enter Choice : 2-23 Release5.0.3D

24 2 Call Detail Recording Access to CDR from the Voice Configurations Menu The CDR can also be enabled from the Voice Configuration menu: Voice Configurations ) Channel Configurations 2) Channel Profiles 3) Tone Table : default 4) Call Detail Recording 5) Dynamic Reconfiguration Enter Choice : Select 4 (Call Detail Recording) and the unit will display the following menu: Call Detail Recording ) Primary Host 2) Secondary Host 3) Call Types : Completed Calls 4) CDR Display Size : 10 Enter Choice: Select 1 (Primary Host) or 2 (Secondary Host) and the unit will display the following menu: CDR Primary Host (or Secondary Host) ) Logging : Disable 2) IP Address : 3) Log Facility : syslog 4) Message Format : Verbose Enter Choice : Select 4 (Message Format) and the unit will display the following menu: CDR Message Format ) Verbose 2) Non-Verbose 3) Both Enter Choice : Selecting Log Dump Size displays the following prompt: Enter Log Buffer Dump Size (max. 25)[10] : Access to CDR from the Voice Statistics menu The CDR log can be accessed from the Voice Statistics menu as well: MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-24

25 Dynamic Reconfiguration 2 Voice Statistics ) Overall Statistics 2) Channel Statistics 3) Call Detail Records Enter Choice: 2.7 Dynamic Reconfiguration From the Main Menu, select Voice Configurations (3), Dynamic Reconfiguration. Dynamic Reconfiguration allows you to change the various parameters "on the fly". This is useful when troublshooting voice gain or other issues. Currently, parameters that can be reconfigured dymaically are: 1) Rx Gain (in db) 2) Tx Gain (in db) 2.8 Copying Channel Configurations Step 1 This option allows you to copy the configuration from one channel to another, which can greatly reduce the amount of time spent on configuring voice ports. Main Menu ) Physical Configurations 2) Data Configurations 3) Voice Configurations 4) Local Addresses 5) Routing 6) Global Paths 7) External Dial Devices V) View Current Unit Status L) Load Factory Defaults W) Write Configuration R) Reset Unit X) exit Session S) Statistics Y) system Administration Enter Choice : 2-25 Release5.0.3D

26 2 Copying Channel Configurations Step 2 Choose 3 (Voice Configurations) and the unit will display the following menu: Voice Configurations ) Channel Configurations 2) Channel Profiles 3) Tone Table : default 4) Call Detail Recording 5) Dynamic Reconfiguration Enter Choice : Step 3 Choose 1 (Channel Configurations) and the unit will display the following menu: Channel Configurations ) Channel 1 : Disabled 2) Channel 2 : Disabled 3) Channel 3 : Disabled P) Copy Channels Enter Choice : Step 4 Choose P (Copy Channels) and the unit will prompt you to enter the Channel Number to Copy From as follows: Enter Channel Number To Copy From : Step 5 Type the number of a channel you have already configured and whose configuration you want to use on one or more other channels. The unit will display the following prompt: Enter Channel Number To Copy To : Step 6 Type the number of the channel you want to receive this configuration. The unit will display the following prompt: Perform Copying? (y/n) If you type Y (Yes), the following prompt is displayed: Copied Successfull Channel Configurations ) Channel 1 : Disabled 2) Channel 2 : Disabled MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-26

27 Downloading & Upgrading Software 2 3) Channel 3 : Disabled P) Copy Channels Enter Choice : To save the new configuration, you must WRITE and RESET (choose W from the Main Menu). 2.9 Downloading & Upgrading Software 2.10 Supervisory Port Download STARTING PATH... From the Main Menu, select System Administration (Y) >> Supervisory Port Download (S). The Supervisory Port Download option resets the unit by running the Boot Loader. Invoking the Boot Loader in this way forces it to run at the current Supervisory port speed instead of its normal 38,400 bps speed. When you select Supervisory Port Download, the unit will prompt you to enter a password. Type "fastcomm" and the following menu is displayed: Supervisory Port Download I) Initiate Boot Loader Enter Choice: I Step 1 INITIATE BOOT LOADER. Select Initiate Boot Loader and the following screen is displayed: Executing Flash Boot Loader : Resetting this Unit If you have set a password on the Boot Loader, you will also see the following prompt: You may press 'ESC' to gain limited access to boot loader functionality! Enter password to gain full access to boot loader functionality! Enter Password : Step 2 PASSWORD. Enter the password and depress ENTER. The Boot Loader Menu is displayed Release5.0.3D

28 2 Supervisory Port Download BOOT LOADER MENU 1) Boot menu password 2) FLASH memory management 3) Code Region priority A) Upgrade code region #1 B) Upgrade code region #2 C) Run code region #1 D) Run code region #2 X) Exit boot loader Enter Choice: Step 3 BOOT MENU PASSWORD. This option allows you to enter a Boot Loader password to prevent unauthorized use of the Boot Loader functions which could have an irrecoverable effect on unit operations (such as erasing a Code Region). This password allows access only to the following functions: Flash Sector Use Report Flash Region Setup Report If a Boot Loader password does not exist or if both code regions are empty, then all users have access to all Boot Loader functions. To enter a password, select Boot Menu Password. The following prompt is displayed: Boot Loader Password : <NONE> Enter New Password : 3b ENTER NEW PASSWORD. Enter a password and press ENTER and the following prompt is displayed: Password Correct? (Y/N) 3c PASSWORD CORRECT?. Enter Y(Yes) or N(No) and press ENTER. The following prompt is displayed: Customization database and password saved. Press any key Step 4 Step 5 For procedures and information on the remaining fields, see Step 6 to Step 10 in Section A.5.3, Loading Software via the Boot Loader. Press ESC to return to the menu. MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-28

29 Network Download Network Download STARTING PATH... From the Main Menu, select System Administration (Y) >> Network Download (N). The Network Download option is used to configure and control the Network Loader. Before you start!! The first three options must be entered and saved and the unit reset before the download can be executed. The following menu is displayed: Network Download ) TFTP Host IP Address : ) Code File Name : 3) TFTP Time-out : 4 I) Initiate Network Download Enter Choice : Step 6 TFTP HOST IP ADDRESS. Select TFTP Host IP Address. The following prompt is displayed: Enter TFTP Host IP Address (N.N.N.N): Enter the IP address of the Host and press ENTER. Step 7 CODE FILE NAME. Select Code File Name, the following prompt is displayed: Enter TFTP File Path / Name (Maximum 64 characters): Enter the file path and name, if necessary, of the unit s code file on the specified Host and press Enter. Step 8 TFTP TIMEOUT Select TFTP Time-out. The following prompt is displayed: Enter TFTP timeout in seconds (1-20): 2-29 Release5.0.3D

30 2 ResettingFactoryDefaults Enter the timeout period in seconds. This is the amount of time the unit waits for a response to a file transfer message from the TFTP host before it re-initiates the transfer. The default is 4 seconds. The unit makes five attempts to transfer the file before canceling the download process. Step 9 INITIATE NETWORK DOWNLOAD To execute the download using the information entered above, select Initiate Network Download. Once the upgrade has been completed, you must set the region priorities to run the new code. Initiate Network Download. proceed? (Y or N): Enter Y or N to initiate a network download ResettingFactory Defaults STARTING PATH... From the Main Menu, select Load Factory Defaults (L). This option allows you to reload the factory settings. This is useful when you want to start from a known configuration. The Load Factory Defaults screen is displayed below: Load Factory Defaults Y) Yes N) No Are You Sure?: Enter Y to load defaults or N if you do not want to keep the defaults. If you load the defaults, you are notified when the process has been completed. Are You Sure?: Y Load Factory Defaults, WAIT...LOADED If you load factory defaults, you lose any configurations you previously made that differ from the defaults. MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-30

31 Using the Network Download Feature Using the Network Download Feature When using the Network Download option, you can use any port on the unit that is configured for a protocol capable of carrying IP traffic (Frame Relay, PPP, SLIP, or Ethernet). The Network Loader uses the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP ) for file transfer Methods for Loading Software via Network Download There are several ways to download software to the unit using the Network Loader: 1 A Network Administrator can upgrade software on all units connected to their Frame Relay network. 2 You can use SLIP or PPP as an interface to upgrade software. For instance, with the port on the unit configured for SLIP or PPP, you can use a PC with a set of modems to remotely upgrade a unit or use a cable to upgrade a unit locally. 3 You can use the Ethernet port to load software across a LAN. Helpful Hint... The voice device can be configured to act as a BootP Relay Agent in an IP network. In this capacity, the voice device recognizes BootP requests on the Ethernet port and forwards the information directly to the BootP server, instead of broadcasting it over the network. You can select this feature from the IP Routing Menu Ensuring Security for Remote Network Downloads To avoid unauthorized access to the unit code, the following security measures are provided for you: 1 The unit s supervisory functions are protected by a password. To remotely initiate a network download, you must Telnet to the supervisory level of the unit and enter the correct password Release5.0.3D

32 2 Using the Network Download Feature 2 You must enter the password to access the System Administration option on the Main Menu. (See Section 2.2, Getting Into the System: Passwords). 3 To use TFTP, you must first know the TFTP filename, which only designated individuals should know (see Section 2.13, Network Download). 4 The unit operates only in the TFTP client mode; that is, the unit must originate the file transfer from a known server Preparing for a Network Download Before initiating a network download, consider the following prerequisites: 1 The Network Loader must be configured with the TFTP Host IP Address and the Code File Name to be downloaded. Save the configuration and reset the unit (see Section 2.13, Network Download). 2 The Code Region of Flash memory you are not currently using must be empty. 3 Ensure that there is enough memory available. NOTE: During the software upgrade, the unit continues to perform other functions. The TFTP transfer is treated like any other data processed by the unit Procedure for Loading Software via Network Download To load software into the unit, you must do the following: Step 1 Step 2 LOCATE EMPTY REGION. First check the reports in the FLASH Memory Management Menu to determine if there is an empty region to receive the new code. CODE TOO LARGE?. If the new code is too large to fit in the empty region, you can erase the active code and use the Boot Loader to load the new code. MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-32

33 Using the Boot Loader Feature 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 SWITCHING REGION PRIORITIES. If both Code Regions 1 and 2 contain code, you must determine which code you want to replace. You are running one code and the other is inactive. You can switch region priorities and reset the unit to make the other code active. ERASE INACTIVE CODE REGION. While running the active code region, erase the inactive code region. DOWNLOAD NEW CODE. Download the new code to the empty region. To designate this new code as the code to be used automatically by the unit, set its region priority to primary. The unit defaults to using the database with the same number as that of the region being used. Step 6 SELECTING DATABASE. If this is not the database you want to use, set the unit to use the database you want or reconfigure the unit using the new database Using the Boot Loader Feature The Boot Loader provides a mechanism for upgrading unit software by connecting a terminal, which is running at 38,400 bps, directly to the unit s Supervisory port. The unit s Boot Loader initializes hardware, performs memory tests, determines whether or not valid code exists, and, finally, runs the code. This section provides procedures used to upload/download software to the unit using the Flash Boot Loader. The Flash Boot Loader is typically used when software is being uploaded/downloaded from a disk using a PC or terminal, connected to the unit s Supervisory port Methods for Loading Software via the Boot Loader There are several ways to load new software to the unit using the Boot Loader on the Supervisory port: 1 Using a PC and an RS-232 port and cable, a Network Administrator can upload software directly from the PC to the unit. 2 You can upload software from a Fastcomm server to a PC, and then upload it from the PC to the unit Release5.0.3D

34 2 Using the Boot Loader Feature 3 Software can be mailed to the unit site on a floppy disk. 4 Using a modem and a PC, you can upgrade the unit remotely by connecting to the unit s Supervisory port and downloading software directly from the remote PC. 5 Using a Fastcomm server, you can use the Internet to download software to a PC. The software can then be loaded into the unit using communications software. 6 Using a custom-made RS-232 repeater or modem-sharing device connected to a PC, you can upgrade several units simultaneously by connecting to each of the unit s Supervisory ports. Note that when using this method, the transmission line on each unit must be disconnected Preparing for a Boot Load Before initiating a boot load, consider the following prerequisites: A PC running communications software at bps. The PC s communications port must be configured for bps, 8 data bits, No parity and 1 stop bit (38.4 k, 8,N,1). Familiarity with ASCII as the upload format. NOTE: If your unit has working code in it, you can autobaud to the normal range of speeds. However, it is recommended that you use the highest speed possible to reduce download time Loading Software via the Boot Loader When the new code is in the PC and the unit is restarted, the LEDs flash for a few seconds. During this time, you can enter the boot loader as follows: Step 1 PRESSING ESC. If your terminal is set to 38,400 bps, the unit has just been restarted, and the LEDs are flashing, you can invoke the Boot Loader Menu by pressing ESC. MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-34

35 Using the Boot Loader Feature 2 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 USING SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION MENU. If your PC is not set up for this speed, or the unit s LEDs are not still flashing from a startup, you can access the Boot Loader by selecting System Administration from the Main Menu. PASSWORD Enter the password ( fastcomm ) and press ENTER. SUPERVISORYPORTDOWNLOAD. From the System Administration Menu, select Supervisory Port Download and then Initiate Boot Loader (see Section 2.10, Supervisory Port Download). The unit is automatically reset. BOOT MENU PASSWORD You may need to enter a password to enter the Boot Loader Menu. (For details, see Step 3 of Section 2.10, Supervisory Port Download). FLASH MEMORY MANAGEMENT Follow the procedures listed in Section 3.1.3, Flash Memory Management. NOTE: The FLASH Region Setup Report on the Boot Loader Menu is identical to the FLASH Memory Map Report in Section 3.1.3, Flash Memory Mangement, except that the Setup Report identifies the Boot Loader File Name and Version Number at the top of the menu. Step 7 CODE REGION PRIORITY This option allows you to determine which of the two code regions are selected first and second for automatic code use. When the unit is booting, it first attempts to use the primary code. If that fails, it uses the secondary code. Select Code Region Priority and the following menu is displayed: REGION PRIORITY MENU 1) Set Region #1 to Primary. Set Region #2 to Secondary 2) Set Region #1 to Secondary. Set Region #2 to Primary Enter Choice: Enter the number that corresponds to the priority designation you want and press ENTER. The following confirmation is displayed: Customization database and priority info saved. Press any key 2-35 Release5.0.3D

36 2 Upgrading Software: Basic Procedure Step 8 UPGRADE CODE REGION These options initiate the upgrade process by downloading the software into Code Regions 1 or 2, depending on the option you select. Enter the number that corresponds to the region you want to upgrade and press ENTER. The following prompt is displayed: Ready. Send S-Record file! File to be loaded should have a '.rx' extension! You can now load the file. Press ESC to return to the menu. Step 9 RUN CODE REGION. These options run the code in Regions 1 or 2, depending on the option you select. This command is valid only until the unit is reset, at which time the unit automatically selects the Region with the highest priority. Therefore, this option is used only when you want to run code with a lower priority. Enter the number that corresponds to the code region you want to run and press ENTER. Press ESC to return to the menu. Step 10 EXIT BOOT LOADER. This option terminates the Boot Loader function and runs the unit, using the code in the highest priority Code Region. If that code does not function properly, the next highest Region s code is run. If both regions are empty, the Boot Loader remains active. Select Exit Boot Loader. Enter "X" and press ENTER. Wait a moment then press <CR> for supervisory port Press ENTER again to return to the Main Menu Upgrading Software: Basic Procedure Step 1 SETUP. The first step in upgrading software on the unit is to connect the Communications Port of a terminal or PC running terminal emulation software to the unit s Supervisory port. An 8 Pin Modular cable and an 8 Pin Modular to DB-9 adapter are provided with each unit for this purpose. MetroLAN Reference Guide 2-36