Draft 2013 National Tuition and Fee Report

Transcription

1 Draft 2013 National Tuition and Fee Report Christy England-Siegerdt Director, Research and Planning March 2013 Washington Student Achievement Council Draft Report to the Legislature

2 Contents Summary... 1 Introduction... 3 How Washington Compares... 5 Conclusion... 7 Acknowledgements... 7 Author Contact Information... 7 Tables Table 1. Resident Undergraduate Tuition Table 2. Nonresident Undergraduate Tuition Table 3. Resident Graduate Tuition Table 4. Nonresident Graduate Tuition Appendices Appendix A. Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees by State... 8 Chart 1: Flagship Universities Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees, Chart 2: Flagship Universities Percentage Change in Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees, to Chart 3: Comprehensive Colleges and Universities Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees, Chart 4: Comprehensive Colleges and Universities Percentage Change in Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees, to Chart 5: Community Colleges Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees, Chart 6: Community Colleges Percentage Change in Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees, to Appendix B. National Comparisons-Tuition & Required Fees by State, Table 1: Flagship Universities Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees...16 Table 2: Flagship Universities Nonresident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees...17 Table 3: Flagship Universities Resident Graduate Tuition and Required Fees...18 Table 4: Flagship Universities Nonresident Graduate Tuition and Required Fees...19 Table 5: Comprehensive Colleges and Universities Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees (State Averages)...20 Table 6: Comprehensive Colleges and Universities Nonresident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees (State Averages)...21 Table 7: Comprehensive Colleges and Universities Resident Graduate Tuition and Required Fees (State Averages)...22 Table 8: Comprehensive Colleges and Universities Nonresident Graduate Tuition and Required Fees (State Averages)...23 Table 9: Community Colleges Resident Tuition and Required Fees (Estimated State Averages)...24 Table 10: Community Colleges Nonresident Tuition and Required Fees (Estimated State Averages)...25 Appendix C. Endnotes for National Tables Appendix D. List of Included Colleges and Universities National Tables 1 through

3 Summary The amount institutions charge students for tuition and fees is a critical factor affecting access to higher education. In recent years, tuition across the United States has become more and more expensive as institutions have increased tuition rates to offset reductions in public support for higher education programs. Understanding these national trends and how each state s tuition levels compare with other states is important for government and education leaders as they search for ways to expand college access and improve the overall quality of their education systems. This report, commissioned by Washington s Legislature and Governor, provides a comparison of tuition and fee data for public flagship institutions, comprehensive institutions and community colleges in the 50 states. This survey is intended not only for Washington state policy-makers and institutional leaders, but also for those in other states who are preparing tuition and fee analyses. The data below summarize how Washington s national rankings in tuition and required fees at public higher education institutions have changed since Academic Year A higher national ranking represents a higher student price relative to all fifty states. Student Residency and Flagship Institution (University of Washington) Comprehensive Institutions Community Colleges Level Resident Undergraduate 25 th 11 th 31 st 14 th 24 th 14 th Graduate 12 th 12 th 18 th 13 th - - Nonresident Undergraduate 12 th 8 th 20 th 15 th 18 th 19 th Graduate 10 th 14 th 12 th 7 th - - As a result of the state s rate of tuition and required fee increases, Washington now ranks in the top 15 states for tuition and required fees in all categories except for nonresident undergraduate tuition at community and technical colleges where Washington ranks 19th. Washington State has acted to mitigate the impact of rising tuition costs by increasing financial aid to students least able to pay. Specifically, the state has increased its state spending on state-funded financial aid for students attending public higher education institutions by 72 percent since fiscal year However, the growing number of eligible low-income students has outpaced available resources, leaving an estimated 31,000 students without state-funded financial aid support. Rising tuition costs also have shifted the barrier of higher education affordability to many students outside traditional low-income categories. The rising cost of tuition, particularly at public universities and colleges, is exceeding the resources of many middle-class 1

4 families, the Washington Student Achievement Council noted in its first strategic action plan, titled Critical Crossroads: A Call for Action. The data in this report will provide the Washington Student Achievement Council with important comparative background information as the Council develops its 10-Year Roadmap for raising the state s educational achievement level. During this process, the Council will examine policy issues concerning college affordability and higher education funding, both of which are directly tied to tuition. 2

5 Introduction This report fulfills requirements of legislation passed in 2011, requiring the Washington Student Achievement Council to provide an annual comparison of tuition and required fees at public institutions in the 50 states (RCW 28B ). 1 The report includes tuition and required fee comparisons for flagship institutions, comprehensive institutions, and community colleges. 2 This is the forty-second such report prepared in Washington. Previous annual reports published by predecessor agencies to the Washington Student Achievement Council are available online at Average tuition and required fee amounts are provided for academic years between and Data for and were collected by the Washington Higher Education Coordinating Board via a survey of state agencies or individual institutions. Tuition and required fee rates for subsequent years were collected by the Connecticut Office of Higher Education, which partnered with the Washington Student Achievement Council who analyzed the data and prepared the current report. Connecticut utilized an online tool nearly identical to the survey tool previously used in Washington, with one exception. This year s survey did not include a request for tuition and required fees for medical, dental, law, or veterinary schools and programs. Agency staff in Connecticut and Washington will assess the need to reinstate these components next year. Data represent average undergraduate tuition at over 200 state public institutions, as well as average graduate tuition at over 190 public institutions with graduate programs. Not all public institutions are included in the survey; newly founded public institutions are not added to the survey in order to keep the data comparable over time. Full-time undergraduate tuition and required fee amounts were based on 45 quarter hours or 30 semester hours and full-time graduate tuition and required fees were based on 30 quarter hours or 20 semester hours per year. 3 This year s survey respondents were asked to provide tuition and required fee rates for the , , and academic years, in addition to reviewing and updating the rates. Data are collected for residents and non-residents at the undergraduate and graduate level. The continued cooperation and assistance of survey respondents have enabled these reports to serve as source documents for many states as they develop their own tuition and fee analyses. 1 The statute is available at 2 A peer analysis based on Global Challenge States will be developed for each public four-year institution in Washington as part of the Council s 10-Year Roadmap funding analysis. 3 Full-time graduate tuition in some states covers 24 semester hours per year, instead of 20. 3

6 Appendix A of this report includes six bar charts showing resident undergraduate tuition and required fees for each state, and providing comparisons to the national and GCS averages. Bar charts showing percentage changes in tuition and required fees between and are also provided. Appendix B provides the national data tables used to create the bar charts in Appendix A. Appendix C provides additional notes on the Appendix B data, and Appendix D provides a list of the institutions included in the survey. 4

7 How Washington Compares Tuition and required fees at Washington s public institutions for the academic year exceed the national average in all categories (see Tables 1-4 below). Washington ranks in the top 15 for highest tuition and required fees in all categories except for non-resident undergraduate tuition at community and technical colleges where Washington ranks 19th. Relative to the seven Global Challenge States, Washington is generally comparable with a few exceptions. Washington s public institution tuition and required fees are higher for resident undergraduates at research institutions, nonresident graduate students at comprehensive institutions, and resident undergraduates at community and technical colleges. Only the tuition and required fees for resident graduate students at comprehensive institutions was lower compared to the GCS average. Tuition and required fees in Washington increased faster than the national average and faster than the GCS average (see National Tables in Appendix B). Tuition and required fees increased most dramatically for resident undergraduates at Washington s flagship institution, University of Washington, where tuition and required fees increased 79 percent between and Tuition and required fees increased by 65 percent and 47 percent for resident undergraduates at comprehensive institutions and community colleges respectively during the same time frame. Table 1. Resident Undergraduate Tuition Flagship Institution 1 Comprehensive Institutions 2 Community & Technical Colleges Washington $12,155 $8,346 $4,000 1-year Percent Change 15.0% 8.9% 12.9% 5-year Percent Change 78.7% 65.2% 46.5% National Average $9,647 $7,539 $3,591 Washington s Rank GCS 3 Average $11,562 $8,746 $3,625 Table 2. Nonresident Undergraduate Tuition Flagship Institution 1 Comprehensive Institutions 2 Community & Technical Colleges Washington $29,710 $19,157 $9,235 1-year Percent Change 5.9% 7.0% 5.2% 5-year Percent Change 28.0% 26.8% 16.3% National Average $25,090 $16,939 $8,593 Washington s Rank GCS 3 Average $30,667 $19,471 $9,345 5

8 Table 3. Resident Graduate Tuition Flagship Institution Comprehensive Institutions Washington $14,470 $9,696 1-year Percent Change 7.7% 8.7% 5-year Percent Change 37.2% 37.6% National Average $11,121 $8,463 Washington s Rank GCS 3 Average $14,314 $11,237 Table 4. Nonresident Graduate Tuition Flagship Institution Comprehensive Institutions Washington $27,090 $20,666 1-year Percent Change 3.0% 6.7% 5-year Percent Change 17.7% 24.6% National Average $23,818 $16,575 Washington s Rank 14 7 GCS 3 Average $27,780 $19,256 1 For Washington, this number represents the University of Washington and includes $367 of mandatory fees in addition to the building, operating, service and activity, and technology fees. 2 For Washington, this number represents the average tuition and required fees at Central Washington University, Eastern Washington University, and Western Washington University. The fees include various annual mandatory fees totaling $978 at Central, $456 at Eastern, and $708 at Western in addition to the building, operating, service and activity, and technology fees. 3 Includes California, Colorado, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Virginia. 6

9 Conclusion In preparing its 10-year Roadmap for increasing educational attainment, the Washington Student Achievement Council will be examining college affordability and higher education funding. As shown in this national comparison summary, Washington s tuition and required fees for resident undergraduate students have shifted from being consistently well below the national average to being among the highest in the nation. The assumptions or goals about the rate of tuition increase in the future will be of critical importance in developing the Roadmap. Acknowledgements The author wishes to thank staff from the Connecticut Office of Higher Education, who partnered with the Council to conduct the survey. Special thanks go to the survey respondents in the 50 states for their continued participation. Author Contact Information Christy England-Siegerdt, Ph.D. Director, Research and Planning christye@wsac.wa.gov,

10 Appendix A. Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees by State Charts 1 6 present data on the resident undergraduate tuition and required fees, and percentage changes from to States are listed in decreasing order of magnitude. These data also are available in National Tables 1, 5, and 9 of Appendix B. Charts 1 and 2 represent tuition and required fee rates for full-time undergraduate and graduate students at the flagship institution in each state. Charts 3 and 4 represent the average tuition and fees of the comprehensive colleges and universities in each state. Charts 5 and 6 represent the average tuition and fees of all community colleges as reported by each state s system office. Tuition and fee data are not collected for individual community colleges, with one exception. For Michigan, the average community college tuition and fee rate was calculated using data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) maintained by the U.S. Department of Education s National Center on Education Statistics. As a result, tuition and fee information for was not available from IPEDS at the time of publication. Some states have more than one public research institution. The tuition and required fees at the non-flagship research institutions are not included in any of the charts below. 8

11 Chart 1: Flagship Universities Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees, Pennsylvania 16,444 New Hampshire 16,422 Vermont 13,459 14,960 15,284 Illinois Minnesota Massachusetts 13,232 New Jersey 13,073 Michigan 12,994 California 12,874 Rhode Island 12,450 WASHINGTON 12,155 Virginia 12,006 Delaware 11,682 GCS Average* 11,562 Connecticut 11,362 Maine 10,594 South Carolina 10,488 Wisconsin 10,379 Indiana 10,087 Ohio 10,037 Arizona 10,035 Georgia 9,842 Kentucky 9,816 Texas 9,794 National Average 9,647 Colorado 9,482 Hawaii 9,404 Oregon 9,310 Missouri 9,257 Alabama 9,200 Tennessee 9,092 Maryland 8,908 Kansas 8,888 Iowa 8,057 New York 7,989 Nebraska 7,897 South Dakota 7,704 Arkansas 7,553 North Carolina 7,500 Oklahoma 7,340 North Dakota 7,254 Utah 7,176 Louisiana 6,989 Nevada 6,603 Mississippi 6,282 Alaska 6,233 Idaho 6,212 Florida 6,143 West Virginia 6,090 New Mexico 6,050 Montana 5,973 Wyoming 4,277 $0 $2,000 $4,000 $6,000 $8,000 $10,000 $12,000 $14,000 $16,000 *Includes California, Colorado, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Virginia. 9

12 Chart 2: Flagship Universities Percentage Change in Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees, to WASHINGTON Louisiana North Carolina Rhode Island Florida Mississippi Tennessee New Hampshire Wisconsin West Virginia Alabama South Dakota New York Connecticut Alaska Idaho Kentucky Oregon Utah Indiana Arkansas Kansas Massachusetts National Average Nevada Montana Delaware New Mexico Georgia Illinois Iowa Virginia Wyoming Colorado GCS Average* Vermont Minnesota Hawaii South Carolina Ohio Oklahoma Missouri Maryland Pennsylvania Nebraska Michigan New Jersey North Dakota California Maine Texas Arizona 10.0% 9.9% 9.5% 8.6% 8.5% 8.3% 7.7% 7.4% 7.3% 7.0% 6.9% 6.8% 6.5% 6.3% 6.1% 6.0% 5.9% 5.6% 5.3% 5.3% 4.9% 4.9% 4.8% 4.7% 4.4% 4.4% 4.1% 3.9% 3.8% 3.8% 3.7% 3.7% 3.6% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.3% 3.1% 3.1% 3.0% 3.0% 2.9% 2.9% 2.9% 2.8% 2.5% 2.3% 0.3% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 15.0% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% * Includes California, Colorado, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Virginia. 10

13 Chart 3: Comprehensive Colleges and Universities Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees, New Hampshire New Jersey Illinois Michigan Arizona Ohio Virginia Massachusetts South Carolina Vermont GCS Average* Pennsylvania Indiana Connecticut WASHINGTON Maryland Alabama Kentucky Wisconsin Oregon Texas South Dakota Iowa Rhode Island National Average Maine Minnesota Tennessee California New York Arkansas Missouri Georgia Nevada Colorado Florida North Dakota Nebraska Idaho Mississippi West Virginia Louisiana North Carolina Kansas Utah Oklahoma Montana New Mexico 9,909 9,496 9,452 9,272 9,096 9,066 8,928 8,746 8,739 8,541 8,437 8,346 8,285 8,126 7,786 7,692 7,680 7,662 7,635 7,635 7,598 7,539 7,452 7,350 7,322 7,191 6,751 6,650 6,630 6,598 6,585 6,307 6,272 6,042 6,013 5,977 5,796 5,639 5,557 5,503 5,352 5,165 4,954 4,910 4,314 $0 $2,000 $4,000 $6,000 $8,000 $10,000 $12,000 12,668 12,635 11,762 *Includes California, Colorado, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Virginia. 11

14 Chart 4: Comprehensive Colleges and Universities Percentage Change in Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees, to Utah Louisiana Florida Colorado North Carolina WASHINGTON New Hampshire Mississippi California New Mexico Oklahoma Wisconsin Tennessee Massachusetts Alabama Texas West Virginia New York GCS Average* Idaho Kentucky National Average Kansas South Dakota Minnesota Rhode Island Nevada Nebraska Montana Vermont Iowa Illinois New Jersey Connecticut Virginia Arkansas Missouri Michigan Ohio Indiana Pennsylvania Maryland South Carolina Oregon Arizona North Dakota Georgia Maine 8.9% 8.9% 8.7% 8.6% 8.4% 7.0% 6.3% 6.2% 6.2% 5.8% 5.8% 5.7% 5.3% 5.3% 5.3% 5.2% 5.2% 5.1% 5.0% 4.7% 4.6% 4.5% 4.5% 4.4% 4.3% 4.2% 3.9% 3.8% 3.7% 3.7% 3.7% 3.6% 3.6% 3.4% 3.3% 3.3% 3.2% 3.0% 3.0% 2.7% 2.4% 2.2% 1.8% 0.0% 14.6% 12.2% 11.9% 11.9% 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0% *Includes California, Colorado, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Virginia. 12

15 Chart 5: Community Colleges Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees, New Hampshire Alaska Vermont Minnesota Massachusetts Wisconsin Montana New York Iowa Oregon Kentucky New Jersey Alabama WASHINGTON Pennsylvania Missouri Rhode Island North Dakota Virginia Maryland Georgia Tennessee Ohio South Carolina GCS Average* Colorado Connecticut National Average Indiana Maine Illinois Oklahoma Delaware Utah Hawaii Florida West Virginia Arkansas Idaho Louisiana Nevada Nebraska North Carolina Wyoming Kansas Texas Mississippi Arizona California New Mexico 1,380 1,187 5,585 5,352 5,335 5,177 5,086 4,686 4,470 4,437 4,369 4,200 4,149 4,110 4,000 3,976 3,967 3,950 3,937 3,735 3,722 3,688 3,686 3,682 3,629 3,625 3,616 3,598 3,591 3,455 3,287 3,237 3,178 3,136 3,109 3,100 3,091 2,997 2,944 2,917 2,904 2,700 2,674 2,440 2,391 2,332 2,273 2,252 2,216 $0 $1,000 $2,000 $3,000 $4,000 $5,000 $6,000 $7,000 7,033 *Includes California, Colorado, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Virginia. 13

16 Chart 6: Community Colleges Percentage Change in Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees, to Montana California Louisiana WASHINGTON North Carolina Colorado Rhode Island Nevada Arizona Alaska New York Oregon National Average Ohio GCS Average* Wisconsin Maryland Wyoming Oklahoma Arkansas Utah Missouri Pennsylvania Texas Virginia West Virginia Tennessee New Mexico Vermont Hawaii Massachusetts Illinois Nebraska Kentucky Mississippi Alabama Iowa Florida Minnesota Connecticut New Jersey South Carolina Indiana Georgia Delaware Idaho New Hampshire Kansas North Dakota Maine 8% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 6% 6% 6% 6% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 0% 13% 13% 12% 28% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 36% * Includes California, Colorado, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Virginia. 14

17 Appendix B. National Comparisons of Tuition and Required Fees By State, through National Tables 1-10 provide tuition and required fee rates for institutions in the 50 states between and The tables also show percentage changes in tuition and required fees over the last five academic years. States are listed in alphabetical order. Each table also includes national averages for each year, Washington s national rank, and averages for the seven Global Challenge States (GCS). The Global Challenge States have been identified as having a high potential to succeed in today s knowledge-driven, global economy. This comparison group is frequently used by the Washington State Legislature. The Global Challenge States include California, Colorado, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Virginia. National Tables 1-4 display tuition and required fee rates for full-time undergraduate and graduate students at the flagship institution in each state. National Tables 5-8represent the average tuition and fees of the comprehensive colleges and universities in each state. National Tables 9-10 represent the average tuition and fees of all community colleges as reported by each state s system office. Tuition and fee data are not collected for individual community colleges, with one exception. For Michigan, the average community college tuition and fee rate was calculated using data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) maintained by the U.S. Department of Education s National Center on Education Statistics. As a result, tuition and fee information for was not available from IPEDS at the time of publication. Some states have more than one public research institution. The tuition and required fees at the non-flagship institutions are not included in any of the above tables. 15

18 16

19 17

20 18

21 19

22 20

23 21

24 22

25 23

26 24

27 25

28 Appendix C. Endnotes for National Tables Endnotes Pertinent information about the tuition and fee data reported in all tables of Appendix B is included below. Only tables with endnotes are included in this listing. National - Table 1: Flagship Universities: Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees National - Table 2: Flagship Universities: Nonresident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees National - Table 3: Flagship Universities: Resident Graduate Tuition and Required Fees National - Table 4: Flagship Universities: Nonresident Graduate Tuition and Required Fees National - Table 5: Comprehensive Colleges and Universities: Resident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees (State Averages) Illinois: tuition and fees reflect entry-level rates. Kentucky: tuition and fees reflect average of upperand lower-divisions. Ohio: tuition and fees reflect entering students in that year. Rhode Island: includes one-time assessment fee of $200 ($250 for University of Rhode Island students) in spring 2009 due to decreases in state appropriations to higher education. Washington: required fees reflect services and activities, and technology fees and an additional $367 for other mandatory fees. Illinois: tuition and fees reflect entry-level rates. Kentucky: tuition and fees reflect average of upperand lower-divisions. Ohio: tuition and fees reflect entering students in that year. Rhode Island: includes one-time assessment fee of $200 ($250 for University of Rhode Island students) in spring 2009 due to decreases in state appropriations to higher education. Washington: required fees reflect services and activities, and technology fees and an additional $367 for other mandatory fees. Washington: required fees reflect services and activities, and technology fees and an additional $367 for other mandatory fees. University of Washington rates are for the Tier II graduate level. Washington: required fees reflect services and activities, and technology fees and additional $367 for other mandatory fees. University of Washington rates are for the Tier II graduate level. Illinois: tuition and fees reflect entry-level rates. Ohio: tuition and fees reflect entering students in that year. Rhode Island: includes one-time assessment fee of $200 ($250 for University of Rhode Island students) in spring 2009 due to decreases in state appropriations to higher education. Washington: required fees reflect services and activities, and technology fees and various annual mandatory fees totaling $978 at Central Washington University, $456 at Eastern Washington University, and $708 at Western Washington University

29 Endnotes (continued) National - Table 6: Comprehensive Colleges and Universities: Nonresident Undergraduate Tuition and Required Fees (State Averages) National - Table 7: Comprehensive Colleges and Universities: Resident Graduate Tuition and Required Fees (State Averages) National - Table 8: Comprehensive Colleges and Universities: Nonresident Graduate Tuition and Required Fees (State Averages) National - Table 9: Community Colleges: Resident Tuition and Required Fees (Estimated State Averages) National - Table 10: Community Colleges: Nonresident Tuition and Required Fees (Estimated State Averages) Illinois: tuition and fees reflect entry-level rates. Ohio: tuition and fees reflect entering students in that year. Rhode Island: includes one-time assessment fee of $200 ($250 for University of Rhode Island students) in spring 2009 due to decreases in state appropriations to higher education. Washington: required fees reflect services and activities, and technology fees and various annual mandatory fees totaling $978 at Central Washington University, $456 at Eastern Washington University, and $708 at Western Washington University. Washington: required fees reflect services and activities, and technology fees and various annual mandatory fees totaling $978 at Central Washington University, $456 at Eastern Washington University, and $708 at Western Washington University. Washington: required fees reflect services and activities, and technology fees and various annual mandatory fees totaling $978 at Central Washington University, $456 at Eastern Washington University, and $708 at Western Washington University. Indiana: tuition and fees reflect those at Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana. In prior reports, Indiana reported a blended tuition that included Vincennes University (two-year). Washington: required fees only reflect services and activities. Indiana: tuition and fees reflect those at Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana. In prior reports, Indiana reported a blended tuition that included Vincennes University (two-year). Washington: required fees only reflect services and activities. 27

30 Appendix D. List of Included Colleges and Universities National Tables 1 through 8 National Tables: Colleges and Universities This appendix lists only the institutions reflected in National Comparison Tables 1-8 in Appendix B. The names of some colleges and universities have changed over time. The most current names are listed below. *Indicates the state flagship university reflected in Tables 1-4 in Appendix B. States with more than one research institution will not see the non-flagship institution listed here. **Indicates a state university system. Data represent an average of comprehensive institutions in the system. Tuition and fee data from comprehensive state colleges and universities are averaged for Tables 5, 6, 7, and 8. ALABAMA ALASKA ARIZONA ARKANSAS *University of Alabama-Tuscaloosa Alabama State University University of Montevallo University of North Alabama University of South Alabama University of West Alabama *University of Alaska Fairbanks *University of Arizona Arizona State University-Main Campus Northern Arizona University *University of Arkansas-Fayetteville Arkansas State University-Main Campus Arkansas Tech University University of Arkansas at Monticello University of Central Arkansas CALIFORNIA COLORADO *University of California-Berkeley California Polytechnic State University- San Luis Obispo California State College-San Bernardino California State University-Chico California State University-Fresno California State University-Fullerton California State University-Northridge California State University-Long Beach California State University-Los Angeles California State University-Sacramento Humboldt State University Sonoma State University *University of Colorado at Boulder Adams State College Fort Lewis State College Metropolitan State College of Denver University of Northern Colorado Western State College Colorado CONNECTICUT DELAWARE *University of Connecticut-Storrs Central Connecticut State University Southern Connecticut State University Western Connecticut State University *University of Delaware 28

31 FLORIDA GEORGIA HAWAII IDAHO ILLINOIS INDIANA IOWA KANSAS *University of Florida-Gainesville **State University System Comprehensive *University of Georgia Albany State University Armstrong Atlantic State University Augusta State University Columbus State University Georgia College and State University Georgia Southern University University of West Georgia Valdosta State University *University of Hawaii at Manoa *University of Idaho Boise State University Idaho State University *University of Illinois at Urbana/Champaign Eastern Illinois University Illinois State University Northeastern Illinois University Northern Illinois University Western Illinois University *Indiana University-Bloomington Ball State University Indiana State University *University of Iowa University of Northern Iowa *University of Kansas-Main Campus Emporia State University Fort Hays State University Pittsburg State University Wichita State University KENTUCKY LOUISIANA MAINE MARYLAND *University of Kentucky-Lexington Eastern Kentucky University Kentucky State University Morehead State University Murray State University Northern Kentucky University University of Louisville Western Kentucky University *Louisiana State University-Baton Rouge Grambling State University Louisiana Technical University McNeese State University Nicholls State University Northwestern State University of LA Southeastern Louisiana University University of Louisiana-Monroe *University of Maine University of Maine at Fort Kent University of Maine at Machias University of Maine at Presque Isle *University of Maryland-College Park Bowie State University Coppin State University Frostburg State University Morgan State University St. Mary's College of Maryland Towson State University MASSACHUSETTS MICHIGAN *University of Massachusetts-Amherst Fitchburg State College Framingham State College Massachusetts College of Art and Design Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts Salem State College University of Massachusetts-Dartmouth Worcester State College *University of Michigan-Ann Arbor Central Michigan University Eastern Michigan University Grand Valley State University Northern Michigan University Oakland University Western Michigan University 29

32 MINNESOTA *University of Minnesota-Twin Cities **State University System Comprehensive MISSISSIPPI MISSOURI MONTANA NEBRASKA NEVADA *University of Mississippi-Main Campus Alcorn State University Jackson State University Mississippi University for Women Mississippi Valley State University University of Southern Mississippi *University of Missouri-Columbia Missouri Southern State University Missouri State University Missouri Western State University Truman State University University of Central Missouri *University of Montana-Missoula Montana State University-Billings University of Montana-Western *University of Nebraska-Lincoln University of Nebraska-Kearney Wayne State College *University of Nevada-Reno University of Nevada-Las Vegas NEW HAMPSHIRE NEW JERSEY *University of New Hampshire-Durham Keene State College Plymouth State University *Rutgers University-New Brunswick Ramapo College of New Jersey Richard Stockton College of NJ Rowan University Montclair State University New Jersey City University New Jersey Institute of Technology The College of New Jersey NEW MEXICO NEW YORK *University of New Mexico-Main Campus Western New Mexico University *University of Buffalo SUNY at Fredonia SUNY at Geneseo SUNY College at Brockport SUNY College at Buffalo SUNY College at New Paltz SUNY College at Old Westbury SUNY College at Oswego SUNY College at Plattsburgh SUNY College at Potsdam SUNY Empire State College NORTH CAROLINA *University of N. Carolina at Chapel Hill Appalachian State University East Carolina University North Carolina Central University Western Carolina University Winston Salem State University 30

33 NORTH DAKOTA RHODE ISLAND OHIO *University of North Dakota-Grand Forks Dickinson State University Mayville State University Minot State University Valley City State University *Ohio State University-Main Campus Bowling Green State University-Main Campus University of Akron-Main Campus University of Toledo Wright State University-Main Campus *University of Rhode Island Rhode Island College SOUTH CAROLINA *University of South Carolina/Columbia Francis Marion College SOUTH DAKOTA *University of South Dakota-Vermillion Black Hills State University Dakota State University OKLAHOMA OREGON *University of Oklahoma-Norman East Central University Northeastern State University Northwestern OK State University Southeastern OK State University Southwestern OK State University University of Central Oklahoma *University of Oregon-Eugene Eastern Oregon University Oregon Institute of Technology Portland State University Southern Oregon University PENNSYLVANIA *Pennsylvania State University-Main Campus Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania California University of Pennsylvania Cheyney University of Pennsylvania Clarion University of Pennsylvania East Stroudsburg University of Pennsylvania Edinboro University of Pennsylvania Indiana University of Pennsylvania Kutztown University of Pennsylvania Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania Mansfield University of Pennsylvania Millersville University of Pennsylvania Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania West Chester University of Pennsylvania TENNESSEE TEXAS UTAH VERMONT *University of Tennessee-Knoxville Austin Peay State University East Tennessee State University Middle Tennessee State University University of Memphis University of Tennessee-Chattanooga University of Tennessee-Martin *University of Texas at Austin Angelo State University Midwestern State University Sam Houston State University Stephen F. Austin State University Texas A&M University-Commerce Texas A&M University-Kingsville Texas State University-San Marcos University of North Texas West Texas A&M University *University of Utah Weber State University *University of Vermont Castleton State College Lyndon State College 31

34 VIRGINIA *University of Virginia Main Campus George Mason University James Madison University Longwood College Old Dominion University Radford University WASHINGTON *University of Washington Central Washington University Eastern Washington University Western Washington University WEST VIRGINIA WISCONSIN WYOMING *West Virginia University-Morgantown Bluefield State College Concord University Fairmont State University Marshall University Shepherd University West Liberty State College West Virginia University Institute of Technology *University of Wisconsin-Madison University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh University of Wisconsin-River Falls University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point *University of Wyoming 32