APA Reference Format Simplified

Transcription

1 APA Reference Format Simplified APA (2010) requires a hanging indent and double-spacing for its references. Always use italics, not underlining, when required (for example, with book and journal titles). If a magazine or journal does not have a volume number, you must use the p. or pp. abbreviation for page(s). Note: APA 2010 requires you to use DOIs (Digital Object Identifiers) when possible. APA 2010 also recommends you use two spaces after a period. One Author Book APA FORMAT EXAMPLE Author last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Year). Title of work. Location: Publisher. Smith, K.C. (2004). Children s literature of the Harlem renaissance. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. Two to Seven Authors Eight or More Authors Editor and/or Chapter in a Book E-book (When a DOI [digital object identifier] is available, you should use it at end of entry as noted in samples) Author last name, First initial. Middle initial., & Author last name, First initial, Middle initial. (Year). Title of work. Location: Publisher. Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., Author D. D., Author, E. E., Author, F. F.,... Last Author, I. I. (Year). Title of work. Location: Publisher. Author, A.A. (Year). Title of chapter. In A. Editor & B. Editor (Eds.), Title of work (pp. xxxxxx). Location: Publisher. Possible Formats: Editor last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Ed.). (Year). Title of work. Location: Publisher. Retrieved from URL Author, A. (Year). Title of work. Location: Publisher. Retrieved from URL Author, B. (Year) Title of work. doi:xxxxx Author, C. (Year) Title of work. Retrieved from URL Branson, J. J., & Larson, B. (2003). Educating Rita. New York: Norton. German, J., Franklin, B., Sweden, A., Joseph, B., Austin, T., Squires, K.,... Marsh, R. (2008). Effects of family reunions on dysfunctional families. New York: Genealogy Press. Arthur, K. (2004). High school reform in Arizona. In A. Squires (Ed.), Dismal state of American education (pp ). New York: Knopf. Careful, T. (Ed.). (2003). Children and ritalin. doi: / Volz, B.D. (Ed.). (2000). Junior genreflecting: A guide to good reads and series fiction for children. Englewood CO: Libraries Unlimited. doi: / Zimring, C.A. (2005). Cash for your trash: Scrap recycling in America [ebook version]. Retrieved from

2 Periodical Article APA Format Example Magazine Author last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Title of Magazine, volume number, pages. Note: If no volume number is available, use p. or pp. before page numbers. Bender, M. (2006, December). 2-minute winter warm-ups: Wake up your hibernating muscles, starting now. Health, 20, Journal: Continuous Page Numbers Journal: Separate Pagination (each issue starts with page 1) Article in an Online Database CQ Researcher (subscription database example) Newspaper (print version) Author last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number, pages. Author last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number (Issue number), Pages. Same as print journal article but add doi or electronic retrieval information at end. If doi is available, add doi to end of entry. If no doi is available and it was retrieved online, add the following phrase and the homepage url of the journal, newsletter, or magazine using this format: Retrieved from Note that you do not use a period after the url or the doi Author last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Year). Title of article. Title of Publication, volume number, pages. Retrieved from Author last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Title of Newspaper, Pages. Brown, P. (2002). New architecture today. Art Digest, 25, Bellon-Hare, L. M., Garrett, T.M., Roberts, C. L., & Torres-Rivera, E. (2003). Open hands, open hearts: Working with native youth in the schools. Intervention in School and Clinic, 38 (4), Vissing, Y. (2003). The yellow school bus project: Helping homeless students get ready for school. Phi Delta Kappan, 85 (4), Retrieved from Kroon, L. (2007). Drug interactions with smoking. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 64 (18), doi: /ajhp Glazer, S. (2006). Video games. CQ Researcher, 16, Retrieved from Brown, S. (1998, January 25). A new art. The Washington Post, p. A4. Newspaper (electronic version) Note that you use p. or pp. before page numbers with newspapers. If an article has discontinuous page numbers, list all page numbers, but separate them with a comma (e.g. pp. A3, A5, A6-7) Same as print newspaper, but give the URL of the home page if available: This strategy allows you to avoid nonworking URLs. Lublin, J. S. (2006, December 11). Untainted firms alter how they offer options. The Wall Street Journal, pp. B1, B3. Shin, A. (2006, December 6). Trans fat banned in N.Y. eateries: City health board cites heart risks. The Washington Post. Retrieved from

3 Encyclopedia APA Format Example One or More Authors Author last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Year). Entry title. In A.A. Editor (Ed.), Title of publication (Vol. #, pp.). Location: Publisher. Hernandez, J., & Squires, R. (1999). House plants. In T. Z. Zollinger (Ed.),The encyclopedia of botany (Vol. 7, pp ). New York: Macmillan. No Author Entry title. (Year). In B. B. Editor (Ed), Title of publication (Vol. #, pp.). Location: Publisher. (The sample shown is an electronic example, which includes URL or doi rather than location and publisher) Achievement gap. (2006). In L.B. Johnson (Ed.),The encyclopedia of education. Retrieved from galegroup.com Web Site Article APA Format Example With Author Author last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Date of web page). Title. Retrieved from URL Note: If content may change over time on a Web page (such as a wiki), you can include a retrieval date. If content will not change, you do not need to include the retrieval date. American Library Association YALSA (2005). Outstanding books for the college bound. Retrieved from yalsa/booklists/obcb Jameson, E. (n.d.). NCH FACT sheets on homelessness. Retrieved August 12, 1999, from With No Author Article title. (Date). Retrieved from URL The trials and tribulation of the homeless on the streets of Phoenix. (2003, October 13). Retrieved from homeless.org/trials.html Entire Website Note: With APA, when citing an entire Website (and not a specific document on the website), you may cite it in your parenthetical in-text citation and not include it on your References page. Example of in-text reference: The Mark Twain Page discusses the significance of Twain s works, especially relating his stories to the political controversies of his day. It especially emphasizes racial issues ( ca/_dawe/twain.html).

4 Other Source Types APA Format Example Lecture or Address (unpublished paper/poster presentation) Film, Movie, or Video Music Recording Personal Communications (an interview you conduct yourself, memos, , phone conversations, private letters, etc.) A Review Online Posting (message to a newsgroup, online forum, or discussion group). Presenter, A. A. (year, Month). Lecture title. Type of presentation (paper/lecture/poster) presented at the meeting of Organization Name, Location. Producer, A. A. (Producer), & Director, B. B (Director). (Year). Title of motion picture [Medium of motion picture]. Country of origin: Studio. Writer, A. A. (Copyright year). Title of song [Recorded by B. B. Artist if different from writer]. On Title of album [Medium]. Location: Label. (Date of recording if it differs from copyright year). You cannot include personal interviews on the References page because this information is not retrievable by other researchers. You must cite them in the text as shown: (First initial. Middle initial. Last name, personal communication, Month Day, Year) Reviewer s Last Name, First initial. Middle initial. (Date). Title of review [Review of the book/film/dvd/ article Title of book, by A. A. Author]. Title of complete work, vol.# (if any), pp. xxx-xxx. Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of post [Description of form]. Retrieved from http;/ Note: Due to nature of posting, always include a url. Goddard, T. (2001, October). Phoenix today. Honors Forum Lecture presented at the MCCCD Honors Program Forum, Phoenix College. Nevins, S. (Producer), & Anderson, J. (Director). (2006). Mr. Conservative: Goldwater on Goldwater. [DVD]. United States: HBO Documentary Films. Holiday, B. (1991). Billie s blues. On Lady Day: The best of Billie Holiday. [CD]. New York: Sony. NOTE: In in-text citations, include side and band or track numbers: Billie s Blues (Holiday, 1991, track 5). Again, for personal communications, use in-text citation only, no reference. (L. Hogan, personal communication, August 18, 1999) Kauffman, R. (2001, March 6). A new look [Review of the book The color purple, by A. Walker]. New Books Review, pp Ziegler, J. (2004, November 12). Re: Arizona homeless information source [Online forum comment]. Retrieved from /arizona/phoenix/issues/ msg html?15

5 Radio or Television Program Set up is similar to a chapter in a book: list script writer and director in the author position. List producer (if name is available) in the editor position. Writer Last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Writer), & Director Last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Director). (Date). Program title [Medium]. In P.P. Producer (Producer), Series or show title. Location: Network or station name. Shatner, J. (Writer), & Haffner, C. (Director). (1993, April 6). Frederick Douglas [Television broadcast.] In Civil War journal. Los Angeles: Arts and Entertainment Network. Tessler, V. (Writer), & Sojourner, J. (Director). (2002, January 25). Death and love [Radio broadcast]. In Weekend edition Saturday. Phoenix, AZ;: KJZZ.

6 CAN MEDICATION CURE OBESITY IN CHILDREN? 12 List of references begins on a new page. Heading is centered. List is alphabetized by authors last names. All authors names are inverted. The first line of an entry is at the left margin; subsequent lines indent ½". Double-spacing is used throughout. References Berkowitz, R. I., Wadden, T. A., Tershakovec, A. M., & Cronquist, J. L. (2003). Behavior therapy and sibutramine for the treatment of adolescent obesity. Journal of the American Medical Association, 289, Carmona, R. H. (2004, March 2). The growing epidemic of childhood obesity. Testimony before the Subcommittee on Competition, Foreign Commerce, and Infrastructure of the U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Retrieved from Critser, G. (2003). Fat land. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin. Duenwald, M. (2004, January 6). Slim pickings: Looking beyond ephedra. The New York Times, p. F1. Retrieved from nytimes.com/ Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. (2004, February). The role of media in childhood obesity. Retrieved from Hilts, P. J. (2002, March 20). Petition asks for removal of diet drug from market. The New York Times, p. A26. Retrieved from Hoppin, A. G., & Taveras, E. M. (2004, June 25). Assessment and management of childhood and adolescent obesity. Clinical Update. Retrieved from /viewarticle/ McDuffie, J. R., Calis, K. A., Uwaifo, G. I., Sebring, N. G., Fallon, E. M., Hubbard, V. S., & Yanovski, J. A. (2002). Three-month tolerability of orlistat in adolescents with obesity-related comorbid conditions. Obesity Research, 10, Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin s, 2006).