ASTROSE. Power line monitoring system for high voltage and extra high voltage power lines. Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 1.

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1 ASTROSE Power line monitoring system for high voltage and extra high voltage power lines Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 1

2 Motivation Dissaster prevention Ampacity enhancement Strong fluctuations of requested power transport due to particular load conditions and renewable power sources may lead to overload conditions Maximum temperature problem Temporal sag of the lines due to temperature induced strain Permanent stretch of the lines by plastic deformations Ice and white frost may mechanically overload the cables Online monitoring of parts of the power system concerning temperature and sag for obtaining real-time data To localize the danger area and to prevent damage to power lines To reduce costs of maintenance / of repair Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 2

3 Relation of conductor length (inclination and sag) and temperature Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 3

4 Application scenario Wireless communication - Measurement of Sensor node Inclination of line at isolator chain Temperature Current Base station with integration into control station - Data is passed along the chain of sensor nodes to the base station in 500 m distance - Wireless communication with multiple redundancy at 2.4 GHz, 1500 m maximum distance - Self-sustaining network Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 4

5 ASTROSE -Sensor nodes Regular sensor nodes: Capacitive power harvester Communication at 2.4 GHz Data transfer every 15 minutes Inclination measurement Torsion measurement Current measurement Temperature in the inner of sensor Quelle: Fraunhofer IZM und ENAS Demonstration sensor node: Battery operation Here in the demonstration area! Variable settings of the sensor nodes: Capacitive power harvester or battery Different data transfer rate (10 sec. or 15 min) Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 5

6 Main components of ASTROSE -Sensor nodes Elektronic module Antennas Inner scelleton Housing Quelle: Fraunhofer IZM Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 6

7 Application Automatic restart network conection set-up Alarm signal Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 7

8 Tests in the labs Quelle: Julia Dölker, Fraunhofer IZM und ENAS Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 8

9 Field test - Geographical and meteorological situation kv overhead power line in Harz Mountains (famous for hiking and winter sports) - Snowfall and icing is typical - Different wind situations - Hills and valleys, forrest and meadows - Sharp bends Provincial town Valley Dense forestland Greenland High bending angle Geographical overview Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 9

10 ASTROSE Pilot: Long term field test at regularly operated 110 kv power line of a German power grid company Sept. 2014: Mounting at the power line Length: 11 km Location: Harz mountains Number of sensor nodes: 59 Stable working since September Mio. data sets per year Mounting Final test phase Investigation of particular situation around the line Quelle: Fraunhofer IZM, Fraunhofer ENAS, MPD GmbH, Chris Wohleld Sensor node initialicing at the ground Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 10

11 Temperature [ C] Height above sea level [m] Correlation of inclination and temperature Field tests at 110kV power line Correlation of inclination and temperature Values from sensor Math. model Distance between the masts [m] Catenary curve Sensor values follows mathematical model (catenary curve and thermal expansion of power line) Validation of sensor concept: sag can be determine with inclination Inclination at mounting point [ ] Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 11

12 Optimization of the ampacity Winter season Summer season Possible current due to monitoring system up to 100% higher Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 12

13 Ice load detection Relation between temperature and inclination of power line Typical correlation of temperature and inclination is given (until until January 22 th ) Inclination sensor resolves the fluctuation much faster than the temperature sensor (thermal capacitance, limited thermal conductance) Detection of ice load - inclination increase without changes in temperature (due to weight of the ice on the power line) Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 13

14 ASTROSE - Power line monitoring system Benefits General: Sensor system for condition monitoring of high voltage power lines (> 110 kv) Inclination and temperature measurement to obtain sag of conductor (to detect dangerous situations e.g. ice load, broken insulator, broken conductor) Benefits: Condition monitoring of complete high voltage power line (approximately every 500 m a sensor node ) Wireless communication along the sensor chain (no installation of receiver stations at the electricity towers necessary) Maintenance free operation (energy harvested from the electrostatic fringing field) Included sensors: High resolution MEMS inclination sensor (0.01 resolution), temperature sensor (0.1 C) and current sensor (10 A) Technology Readiness Level: 7 Inclination and temperature data from field test Sensor node Wireless communication Sensor node for mounting on power line Dr. Volker Großer, Dr. Steffen Kurth, Folie 14 Base station with integration into control station Application scenario