Using Piezoelectric Printing to Pattern Nanoparticle Thinfilms. Jan Sumerel, Ph.D. FUJIFILM Dimatix, Inc. Santa Clara, California USA

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1 Using Piezoelectric Printing to Pattern Nanoparticle Thinfilms Jan Sumerel, Ph.D. FUJIFILM Dimatix, Inc. Santa Clara, California USA

2 Acknowledgements Vanderbilt University David Wright Leila Deravi Sarah Sewell Aren Gerdon University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Roger Narayan Andy Doraiswamy NASA Ames Cattien Nguyen Santa Clara University Angel Islas John Choy

3 Nanoscale Engineering "Nanotechnology is the understanding and control of matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications." (U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative: Therefore nanoscale engineering is the design, analysis, and/or construction of materials containing nanostructures.

4 Dimatix Materials Printer

5 Simple Biosensor A hybrid device with both inorganic and organic materials

6 Using Ink Jet Printing as Straightforward Technique for Nanomaterial Thinfilm Production Drop on Demand mwcnts

7 Contact angle determines wettability (drop spread) of mwcnts Contact Angle (º) 13.10

8 Bioinks Bacterial Cells Yeast Proteins Nucleic Acids DNA scaffolds

9 Piezoelectric Ink Jetting Biological Materials Are there obstacles? Often aqueous solutions High surface tension Water = 72.8 dynes/cm Low viscosity centipoise Friendly surfactants? CMC Water on glycerin goni_instability_of_a_water.htm

10 Bioinks Are they non-newtonian fluids?

11 What happens to a Fluid in the Shear Field Environment?

12 Relative sizes of Matter and Order of Magnitude

13 Piezoelectric Inkjet Printing of 3.2 kb plasmid DNA

14 Repeatability of Ink Jetted Genomic DNA and PCR amplification

15 Streptavidin Printed in Methyl Cellulose Gel Retains Tertiary Structure Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

16 Cy3 IgG Protein Array N o

17 DH10B Bacterial Cells

18 Other Sensor Components Quantum Dots Electroinks Conductive Silver Precursor Fluids PEDOT/PSS Carbon Nanotubes

19 Ink Jet Printing Quantum Dots Inks Quantum Dots from UT Dots TEM from UT Dots 2.6 nm green emission 4.0 nm yellow/orange emission

20 Contact Angles of Quantum Dot Inks 2.6 nm 6 mg/ml 4.0 nm 3 mg/ml

21 Fluid Characteristics After Printing 2.6 nm 6 mg/ml 4.0 nm 3 mg/ml

22 Quantum Dot Inks on Substrate Contributions to 3D structure dependent on particle concentration and particle size

23 Ink Jets Print Conductive Patterns for RFID, Electronics, PCBs, and Displays Conductive Silver Precursors PEDOT/PSS Carbon Nanotubes

24 Nanoparticle Polydispersity of ANP Conductive Silver Precursor Fluid as Shown by TEM

25 254 μm Grid Spacing Matrix 55% Silver Conductive Ink 10 pl 1 pl

26 Waveform Employed for ANP Conductive Silver Fluid Precursor

27 Resulting Conductive Silver Thinfilms on Teslin A. B. Before Annealing After Annealing

28 Atomic Force Microscopy Shows Silver Nanoparticle Film Feature Sizes on Silicon Wafer Feature width = 40.6 μm Feature height = 1.6 μ m

29 Feature Sizes Obtained with ANP Conductive Silver Precursor on Kapton

30 Surface Measurements of 1 pl drop Before annealing After annealing

31 Resistance Measurements for Commercially Available Conductive Silver Precursors A. B. ANP Conductive Silver Precursor Ink Cabot Conductive Silver Precursor Ink

32 Gold Nanoparticle Ink Applications in Nanobioengineering Gold binds to proteins via two different mechanisms Cysteine residue Serine, Threonine residues Braun, Sarikaya and Schulten, Univ. IL

33 Other Sensor Components PEDOT/PSS Array on Glass Wafer

34 PEDOT/PSS as the Fluid Leaves the Nozzles and Time of Flight In flight (9.26 m/s)

35 Contact Angles of PEDOT/PSS and ANP Silver Ink A. B. C. A. B. C. Glass Wafer Kapton Polyimide Teslin synthetic film

36 Electric Luminescence of Polyflourene printed on Silicon Wafer Bright Field Dark Field + UV

37 Using Ink Jet Printing as Straightforward Technique for Nanomaterial Thinfilm Production Drop on Demand mwcnts

38 Contact angle determines wettability (drop spread) of mwcnts Contact Angle (º) 13.10

39 Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Scaffold for DNA A B Bright Field DAPI

40 Self-Assembling Biomaterials Length scale Atoms (10-10 ) Molecules ( ) Polymers (10-9 ) Viruses (10-8 ) Cells (10-5 ) Multicellular organisms ( ) Polymers DNA RNA Proteins Lipid bilayers self-assemble into membranes Higher level organization (protein insertion into membrane) Trafficking Extracellular matrices Support structures (skeleton, teeth, antlers, husks) SECRETION

41 Harnessing Nature s Methods to Produce 3D Inorganic Materials Diatoms Glass Sponges Teeth Bones

42 Using Ink Jet Printing for Thinfilm Patterning Silica Precipitating Amine Templates HO 3 PO OPO 3 H OPO 3 H H 3 N S S K K S G S Y S G S K G S K COO Silaffin of the Cylindrotheca fusiformis diatom NH 2 NH H 2 N NH 2 NH NH 2 HN O O N O N H NH 2 NH N n = 4-9 Polyamidoamino (PAMAM) Dendrimer O HN H 2 N H 2 N H N N O O HN N HN O N O HN O N NH O NH N O NH O N H NH 2 NH 2 Kroger, N., et al. Science, 1999, 286, Knecht, M. R., Wright, D. W. Langmuir. 2004, 20, NH 2

43 33% G4 PAMAM Dendrimer Contact Angle (º) 33.1 Vert height (nm) Horizontal length (µm) 39.25

44 Stroboscopic View of the Dendrimer Ink Droplets. 100 µm

45 Patterned Dendrimers µm µm µm spacing, printed 2x with no lag time µm spacing, printed 2x with no lag time. 96 µm spacing, printed 4x with 35 seconds of lag time in between each printing cycle followed by 2 printing cycles spaced at 64 µm.

46 Dendrimer Reactivity Once printed, we propose a single spot reaction vessel, wherein printed NH 2 - terminated dendrimers will reproducibly yield concentrated areas of SiO 2 nanospheres. Si(OH) - Si(OH) - + Si(OH) Si(OH) Si(OH) Si(OH) Si(OH) Si(OH)

47 Patterned Silica 160 nm Thinfilm Using Ink Jetted Dendrimers as Biomimetic Catalyst Pre-Si condensation Post-Si condensation nmoles of silica produced total area of printed material (mm 2 )

48 Conclusions Nanoparticle Inks Conductive Silver Precursor Fluids PEDOT/PSS Carbon Nanotubes Bioinks Proteins Nucleic Acids Scaffolding materials Templating Organic Materials Inorganic/organic thinfilms Modern Building Materials based on Biomimetics Surfaces Structures