Birmingham Centre of Cryogenic Energy Storage (BCCES)

Transcription

1 Birmingham Centre of Cryogenic Energy Storage (BCCES) Cryogenic Energy Storage Birmingham British Cryogenic Cluster Cluster Day 2014 Dr K D Dearn Co-Director BCCES (School of Mechanical Engineering)

2 Contents Contents of presentation Energy storage and liquid air The EPSRC BCCES project Research themes of the BCCES Thematic areas and examples Supporting facilities and capabilities Partner organisations 2

3 Growing recognition for role of storage In November 2012, in a speech at the Royal Society, the Chancellor George Osborne said that the UK must take a global lead in developing a series of low carbon technologies, including energy storage: Greater capability to store electricity is crucial for these power sources to be viable. It promises savings on UK energy spend of up to 10bn a year by 2050 as extra capacity for peak load is less necessary. One of the UK Government s Eight Great Technologies : Energy storage has the potential for delivering massive benefits in terms of savings on UK energy spend, environmental benefits, economic growth and in enabling UK business to exploit these technologies internationally. A number of new funding sources for storage demonstration and capital became available. Recently major new projects were announced including a major Centre for Cryogenic Energy Storage at UoB 3

4 Liquid Air in energy and transport systems Opportunities for industry and innovation Report published by CLCF, 9 May 2013, some conclusions: A single gasometer-style tank of liquid air could make good the loss of 5GW of wind power for three hours. Smaller systems can provide zero-emission back-up and reserve services to replace diesel gen-sets. Reduce diesel consumption in buses or freight vehicles by 25% using a liquid air Dearman engine/diesel hybrid. Cut emissions from refrigeration on food lorries by 80%. Zero-emission liquid air city cars or vehicles at a fraction of current fuel costs and with lower lifecycle vehicle emissions than electric or hydrogen vehicles.

5 Overview of the BCCES Project BCCES Project PI Professor Richard Williams Director of BCCES Professor Yulong Ding Total 12.5M ( 6.0M EPSRC capital grant; 5.5M Industrial Contribution; 1.0M Institutional Contribution) Key research themes Novel Materials Thermodynamic and generation processes Systems integration, control and optimisation Applications 5

6 Overview of the BCCES Project Aim: address scientific, technological and engineering challenges associated with cold and cryogenic energy storage (CES) Materials to address materials challenges Components/devices to address process challenges Systems to address energy management challenges Economics & Policy to address investment decisions and policy options challenges Applications to address industrial take-up challenges 6

7 Overview of the BCCES Project Research Develop Demonstrate Academia Industry Policy Whole system approach 7

8 Overview of the BCCES Project Outreach and Events Examples of planned events and workshops held: Miniaturisation of liquefaction Process (workshop) Liquid Air Council meeting (Birmingham City Council) IMechE Clean & Cool Summit (July 2014) 8

9 Research themes of the BCCES Research Themes Four interlinked thematic areas Theme 1: Novel materials Theme 2: Thermodynamic and generation processes Theme 3: Systems integration and optimisation Theme 4: Applications 9

10 BCCES research Theme 1 Novel Materials Aim: to develop high energy density, wide temperature range, long life and low costs Phase Change Materials (PCMs) for cold and CES storage (-200~0 C) Linking property - process - structure relationships Multi-scale phenomena of composite materials 10

11 BCCES facilities and capabilities Novel Materials formulation and characterisation Developing the techniques to characterise efficient energy storage materials Chemical: DSC TGA MS FT IR Thermophysical: Rheometer & thermal conductivity meter (-150~+600 C) Mechanical: Micro/ nano indentation (-30~+700 C); in-stitu cryo mechanical test stage (77K & 4K); nanomechanical test units for TEM Microstructural: Cryo Raman spectrometer; heat and environmental cell for TEM; cryogenic stage for FIB; cryogenic transfer stage for FIB and TEM 11

12 BCCES research Theme 2 Thermodynamic cycles and processes Aim: to develop new thermodynamic cycles/ processes for CES technology Helium cycle Electricity generation efficiency>~68% CO2 capture ~ 100% (dry ice) Round trip efficiency for ES > ~ 65% Fuel consumption reduction ~ 50% Oxygen cycle Electricity generation efficiency>~70% CO2 capture ~ 100% (dry ice) Round trip efficiency for ES > ~ 65% Fuel consumption reduction ~ 50% Combined cycles for peak saving and CO 2 capture 12

13 BCCES facilities and capabilities Thermodynamic and generation processes Experimental thermodynamic systems Stirling engine testing facility Reciprocating engine test bed 13

14 BCCES research Theme 3 System integration and optimisation Aim: to understand dynamic interactions between supply and demand for CES Integration of multi-energy storage technologies Dynamic optimisation 14

15 BCCES facilities and capabilities Systems integration and optimization Energy storage grid integration emulator Real-time power system simulator Emulator real-time emulator interface Dynamic system simulator and control system 15

16 BCCES research Theme 4 Applications Aim: to facilitate industrial applications of the CES technology Many potential applications centralized energy systems, distributed energy systems, renewable energy resources and industrial waste heat recovery 16

17 BCCES facilities and capabilities CES pilot plant 17

18 BCCES facilities and capabilities Supported by laboratories and facilities at: University of Birmingham Chemical Engineering Brand new m laboratory Mechanical Engineering Brand new m laboratory Metallurgy and Materials existing laboratory and Centre for Electron Microscopy (CEM) Electrical Engineering Brand new laboratory Pilot plant University of Hull Laboratory space provided 18

19 Partner Organisations Web grows Addressing the scientific, technological and engineering challenges associated with cold and cryogenic energy storage (CES) Developing of new generation of skilled cryogenic scientist and engineers, to face challenges associated with cold and cryogenic energy storage (CES) Industry Academia 19 RTOs

20 For more information Contact: Dr Jonathan Radcliffe Or visit: Birmingham Centre for Cryogenic Energy Storage Centre for Low Carbon Futures Liquid Air Energy Network 20

21 References Chen H, Cong TN, Yang W et al. Progress in electrical energy storage system: A critical review. Progress in Natural Science 2009; 19: Li Y. Cryogen Based Energy Storage: Process Modelling and Optimisation. Leeds: University of Leeds; Li Y, Chen H, Zhang X et al. Renewable energy carriers: Hydrogen or liquid air/nitrogen? Applied Thermal Engineering 2010; 30: Li Y, Wang X, Ding Y. A cryogen-based peak-shaving technology: systematic approach and techno-economic analysis. International Journal of Energy Research 2011 Li Y, Jin Y, Chen H et al. An integrated system for thermal power generation, electrical energy storage and CO2 capture. International Journal of Energy Research 2011; 35: Li Y, Wang X, Jin Y, Ding Y. An integrated solar-cryogen hybrid power system. Renewable Energy 2012; 37: Ding Y, Wen D, Dearman PT, inventors; Highview Enterprises Limited, assignee. Cryogenic engines. US Chen H, Ding Y, Li Y et al. Air fuelled zero emission road transportation: A comparative study. Applied Energy 2011; 88: