Web Development: Techniques for Handling Content. Shelley Slaey June 2, 2014

Transcription

1 Web Development: Techniques for Handling Content Shelley Slaey June 2, 2014

2 Web Background Author User (Client) Web Server (Server)

3 Web Background Request Response Web Server Request Web Browser Response

4 Approaches to Web Content StaHc HTML Pages Client- Side Technologies Server- Side Technologies

5 Static vs. Dynamic Pages StaHc Dynamic Most Common Individual Pages Cost- EffecHve Method for Infrequent Changes Response to User InteracHons, Data Supplied by an ApplicaHon, or EvoluHon over Time Constant Structure and Content with Each User Request Adaptable Content and/or Appearance Provides Flexibility Edits Require Manual Updates with a Text Editor or Web Authoring Tool Significant PotenHal Expense for Development, SoVware, and High- End Web Servers

6 Approaches to Web Content StaHc HTML Pages Client- Side Technologies Server- Side Technologies

7 Client- Side Uses User Interac+on Change, Copy, Clone, Create and Delete HTML Elements Change User Interface Elements and Apply Styles Preform CalculaHons Prompt Users for Input and Validate Input Run AnimaHon Provide InteracHvity Interacts with Temporary and Local Storage Sends and Receives Data from Server Provides Instant Screen Updates

8 Client- Side Scripting Language Object- Oriented Interpreted JavaScript Write with Any Text or Web Editor Frequent Browser Support

9 Approaches to Web Content StaHc HTML Pages Client- Side Technologies Server- Side Technologies

10 Server- Side Uses Requires Dynamic Data to be Loaded Interacts with Database Query Encoding Data InserHng and UpdaHng Data Business Rules and CalculaHons Process Code without End- User Visibility

11 Server- Side Languages Language Benefits Liabili+es ASP.net (Ac+ve Server Pages).NET- compahble Language; Well- supported Designed for Windows Webserver ColdFusion Tag- Based (RAD); Scalable; Cross- Pla^orm Expensive; LimiHng for Skilled Programmers JSP: Java Server Pages Templates; Pla^orm Independent Requires InstallaHon of ApplicaHon Components

12 Server- Side Languages Language Benefits Liabili+es Perl PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor Python Ruby Free; Open- Source; Mature; Good Host Support Interpreted; Free; Open- Source; Cross- Pla^orm; Wide Range of ApplicaHons Interpreted; Free; Open- Source; Object- oriented; Popular Frameworks; Large Library; Handles Heavy Demand Free; Open- Source; Framework; Handles Heavy Demand; OpHmized for Unix; Poor Scalability Requires InstallaHon on Host System (Server) RelaHvely Obscure MulHple Methods for Tasks

13 Review StaHc HTML Pages Client- Side Technologies Server- Side Technologies

14 References Lynch, Patrick J., and Sarah Horton. "Browse Versus Search." Web Style Guide: Basic Design Principles for Crea;ng Web Sites. 3rd ed. New Haven: Yale UP, Print. Lynch, Patrick J., and Sarah Horton. SupporHng Web Search Users." Web Style Guide: Basic Design Principles for Crea;ng Web Sites. 3rd ed. New Haven: Yale UP, Print. Willard, Wendy. "Chapter 7 Beyond HTML and CSS." Web Design Demys;fied / Hard Stuff Made Easy. New York: McGraw- Hill, Print.

15 Questions Back- Up Slides

16 Classic Design Cycle Website Development Research Dictates FuncHonal Requirements Requirements Transformed into Page Layouts and Site Map Code is Assembled with Content FuncHonal and Editorial TesHng Prior to Site Launch

17 CGI: Common Gateway Interface Typically Used by Early Server- Side Languages Perl C Direct ExecuHon AlternaHve Consistent Method for Transferring Data Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

18 Dynamic Impact on Navigation Search Studies show half of users will inihally use search features rather than navigahon Users typically expect Search features when a site contains more than a few pages