Chemical Analysis. Natural Gas Analyzer. A Family of optimized GC Solutions. Gas Chromatography. think forward

Transcription

1 Chemical Analysis Natural Gas Analyzer A Family of optimized GC Solutions think forward Gas Chromatography

2 Bruker Natural Gas Analyzers Natural gas is bought and sold as a bulk commodity with price based on its energy content. It is very important for all stakeholders in the natural gas supply and consumer chain to accurately determine the heating value of their streams. Bruker offers a full range of GC based solutions for the analysis of natural gas. The analyzer family is designed to offer superior results through the use of industry proven hardware, software, optimized columns and consumables, and is backed by a team of global sales and support specialists. Key Benefits include: A complete range of natural gas analysis (NGA) solutions. Bruker offers many different NGA gas chromatography analyzers to meet the broadest range of stream sample types and throughput needs, whether the analysis is conducted in a laboratory, at-line or in the field. Easy to operate, powerful GC solutions. Bruker s 0-GC with Galaxie TM Chromatography Software, form a powerful combination and do not require a high degree of skill to be used successfully. Operational procedures are fully documented. All Bruker NGA analyzers not only incorporate proven GC hardware and software, but arrive with the pre-loaded analysis method(s) and documentation specific to the application. Comprehensive single-vendor solution. Bruker is proud to provide complete solutions. The hardware, software, application optimization, documentation, installation and performance verification are all delivered by Bruker. Flexibility to analyze natural gas, liquified petroleum gas or natural gas liquids (NGL). Bruker s 0-GC based NGA analyzers can be configured to measure the composition of LPG or NGL streams through the use of specialized sample conditioners, ensuring sample integrity is constistently maintained. Figure : The 0-GC based Natural Gas Analyzer.

3 Solutions for Natural Gas Analysis Gas chromatography offers a proven means to determine the composition and heating value of natural gas and related streams quickly and cost effectively. Bruker s natural gas analyzers (NGAs) are standard turnkey systems pre-configured and tuned at the factory to ensure their compliance with standard methods used to determine the heating value of natural gases and related streams. They can also be specially configured to determine other components of interest (eg. sulfur compounds), to ensure suitability for use in downstream processes. The analyzers are based on the Bruker 0-GC gas chromatograph platforms and Bruker s Galaxie TM Chromatography Software. All systems employ a proven and optimized multi-channel/multi-dimensional approach to determine the heating/calorific value of natural gas, as well as quantify individual components. Bruker offers several NGA systems to meet the widest range of analysis needs. 0 Min 0 0 Figure : Chromatogram of natural gas sample from System A. Up to 0 Min TCD signal, 0 to Min FID signal. Peak Identification. Air. Methane. Carbon dioxide. Ethane. Hydrogen sulfide. Propane. i-butane. n-butane. i-pentane 0. n-pentane. n-hexane Basic NGA (System A) This is the simplest of all available natural gas analysis systems. As shown in Figure, the system employs a single valve column designed for simplicity, a Thermal Conductivity Detector (TCD) and Flame Ionization Detector (FID). The TCD is used for the determination of O, N, CH, CO and Ethane, while the FID, connected in series, determines hydrocarbons in low concentrations, i.e. C-C and C+ backflushed grouping peak (late back-flush). A single unheated port Liquid Sampling Valve (LSV) is available for LPG type samples. Carrier IN Sample IN Sample OUT TCD Reference V- Flame out buffer TCD V- FID Packed Injection Port Porous Polymer Figure : System configuration schematic diagram for Natural Gas Analyzer A.

4 Natural Gas Analysis NGA/Natural Gas Liquids (System B) This system is optimized for the analysis of natural gas or de-methanized hydrocarbon matrices. For natural gas, the components of interest are typically oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, propane, butane, isobutane, pentane, hydrogen sulfide, and C+ as a composite peak. For de-menthanized streams (liquid natural gas) the components of interest are typically carbon dioxide, ethane, propane, butane, iso-pentane, hexane, and C+ as a composite peak. The system is configured with a 0 and port valve (a third liquid sampling valve is added if liquid streams are to be analyzed) and three analysis columns connected to TCD and FID detectors (Figure ). The system simultaneously injects the stream onto two column systems, a Molsieve column for the determination of O and N without the use of coolants, and short/ long Non-Polar columns for the analysis Sample IN Carrier IN V- 0 V - Sample OUT Carrier IN of hydrocarbons and CO. The Non-Polar columns are set up for early back-flush, which optimizes sensitivity while reducing run time (from minutes using the system A configuration to less than minutes) (Figure ). The System B is extendable with two standard options. For the analysis of de-methanized liquefied natural gas distillates (i.e. propane, butanes and pentanes) an automated port Liquid Sampling Valve is available to inject the sample as a Liquid. For the analysis of hydrogen and helium in natural gas a He/H channel is available as extra GC channel. 0 Peak Identification. Oxygen. Nitrogen. Methane. C+ composite. Methane. Carbon dioxide. Ethane. Hydrogen sulfide. Propane 0. i-butane. n-butane. i-pentane. n-pentane Min V - NV- Molsieve Vent TCD Reference Figure : Chromatogram of natural gas samples from System B. Note separation of oxygen and nitrogen. Non-Polar Pre- Non-Polar Flame-out Buffer FID TCD Figure : System configuration schematic for Natural Gas Analyzer B.

5 Rich Natural Gas Analysis NGA/Natural Gas Liquids - Extended Analysis (System C) Gas sample OUT Gas sample IN Carrier IN V- Carrier IN This system is specifically designed to analyze rich natural gas or natural gas liquid streams by separating all hydrocarbon components up to C. As with System B, it separates and quantifies oxygen and nitrogen, as well as measuring hydrogen sulfide down to ~00 ppm. The system is configured with a port valve and port valve. The port valve enables the system to introduce the sample stream simultaneously to three independent columns with automated detector switching which provides high sensitivity detection of all components of interest. The valves are installed in the multi-valve oven for flexible operation of the conventional column oven. Two of the sample paths flow onto Molsieve and porous polymer columns to separate oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, ethane, methane, ethane and H S, and the other via a splitter onto a high performance non-polar capillary column to separate the hydrogen components up through C. The port valve is used to direct the separated components fraction Carrier IN Delay column Porous Polymer Vent TCD Reference TCD V - V - 0 Molsieve Figure : System schematic for Natural Gas Analyzer C FID Non-polar Capillary Capillary Injection Port Split vent to the TCD detector while components remaining on the Molsieve column are flushed to vent. If natural gas liquids are to be analyzed, a third valve (liquid sampling) is added to the configuration described above. For natural gas containing hydrogen and helium a He/H channel is configured additionally. Peak identification. Propane. iso-butane. n-butane. neo-pentane. iso-pentane. n-pentane. Cyclopentane. n-hexane. Methylcyclopentane 0. Benzene. Cyclohexane.,,-Trimethylpentane. n-heptane. Toluene. n-octane. Ethylbenzene. m- + p-xylene. o-xylene. n-nonane 0.,,-Trimethylbenzene. n-decane Peak identification. O /Ar. N. O /Ar/N. Methane. O /Ar. CO. N. Ethane. CO. H S Peak identification. O /Ar/N. Methane. Ethane. H S Min. 0 Min Figure : Chromatogram showing natural gas sample from System C FID channel. Note individual separation of C+ components Figure : Chromatogram showing natural gas sample from system C TCD channel.

6 Base Natural Gas Analysis Systems Analyzer Characteristic 0-GC System A 0-GC System B 0-GC System C Gas Components Measured O, N, CO, CH YES YES YES Ethane, Propane, Butane, Iso-butane, Neopentane, Pentane, Iso-pentane YES YES YES C+ as a composite peak YES YES YES C+ as a composite peak YES YES YES O /N Separation YES () YES YES He/H Separation NO YES () YES () Max hydrocarbon number speciated C C C LPG YES ( or ) YES ( or ) ( or ) YES De-methanized natural gas/natural gas liquids NO YES () YES () Typical analysis to analysis repeatability % <.0 <.0 <.0 RSD Analysis time 0 min min -0 min Standard Gas Methods IP- YES GPA GPA YES GPA YES GPA YES YES GPA YES YES ASTM D0 YES () ASTM D YES () Natural Gas Calculation Methods ISO Contact Bruker, several configuration ISO possibilities GOST- () Requires liquid nitrogen or liquid CO oven cooling () Requires rd dedicated channel () Requires additional channel including valve, columns and TCD () Requires LSV to be additionally installed () This method is specifically for sulfur components in natural gas, therefore a sulfur selective detector must be used such as a PFPD

7 Sulfur components in Natural Gas Figure : Natural Gas Report - System C generated using Bruker s Galaxie TM Chromatography Data Software There are several methods specifically used for the analysis of sulfur components in natural gas, e.g. ASTM D0 and ASTM D. Bruker s natural gas analyzers can be modified to measure sulfur components through the addition of an extra, fully inert channel, dedicated for the determination of lowlevel sulfur components only. This sulfur channel will be equipped with the Pulsed Flame Photometric Detector (PFPD), a sulfur specific detector. The systems can also be configured and tested exclusively for the analysis of sulfur components as per standard methods, or enterprise specific requirements. H S COS CH SH CH CH SH 0 0 Min Figure 0: Detection of trace level sulfur components using the 0-GC, specially treated with UltiMetal surface deactivation and Pulsed Flame Photometric Detector (PFPD). TBM THT

8 Bruker Daltonics is continually improving its products and reserves the right to change specifications without notice. BDAL 0-00, #CA-0 Chemical Analysis Solutions GC quadrupole mass spectrometers The Bruker 00-MS series GC/MS systems stand at the pinnacle of versatility for quadrupole mass spectrometer systems. Both the 00-MS and 0-MS are configurable as either single-quadrupole, or triple-quadrupole systems. The 00-MS delivers the performance you ve come to expect from an industry leader in quadrupole innovation. It features an 00 Da mass range, superior negative ion sensitivity, and unmatched robustness in its performance class. The 0-MS delivers femtogram sensitivity, 000 Da mass range, and a wide array of chromatographic and ionization configurations to uniquely match your needs - all in less than cm. ( in.) of linear bench space! In minutes, our 00-MS series systems can be changed from EI to CI modes of operation. Easily, our 00-MS and 0-MS are the most sensitive, robust, and flexible quadrupole GC/ MS systems currently available. ICP mass spectrometers Choosing an ICP-MS for your elemental analysis needs has never been easier with the Bruker 00-MS Series. The 0-MS is the instrument of choice for routine analysis with industry leading sensitivity and intuitive Web-integrated ICP-MS Expert software. The 0-MS features Bruker s novel collision reaction interface (CRI), providing interference-free analysis and allowing you to tackle any application with ease. With a vast range of accessories, Bruker has the solution to all your ICP-MS application requirements. For research use only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Bruker Daltonik GmbH Bremen Germany Phone + () 0-0 Fax + () 0-0 sales@bdal.de Bruker Daltonics Inc. Billerica, MA USA Phone + () -0 Fax + () - ms-sales@bdal.com