Ten examples of cell-phone studies showing effects at levels below 1.6 W/kg, or current US SAR cell phone safety standards

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1 Ten example of cell-phone tudie howing effect at level below 1.6 W/kg, or current US cell phone afety tandard Level of Effect Current Standard 0.6 W/kg Decreae in Memory Performance 1.2 W/kg Single and double trand DNA break. 1.2 W/kg Decreae in memory performance with thi effect Author decription of reult of tudy Author, Title of Study, Early dementia The reult howed retarded learning while performing in the radial-arm maze to obtain food reward, indicating a deficit in patial "working memory" function. We believe that neurotranmitter ytem in the brain are involved in the microwave-induced reduced memory performance. Malignant and benign brain tumor, acoutic neuroma. Dementia DNA break were found in individual brain cell were meaured at 4h pot-expoure at an expoure level of Expoure of 1.2 W/kg to 2450 MHz puled RF. An increae in both type of DNA trand break wa oberved after expoure to either the puled or continuouwave radiation. Thee effect could reult from a direct effect of RF energy on DNA molecule and/or impairment of DNA-damage repair mechanim in brain cell. The rat were expoed to puled 2450 MHz microwave at a of 1.2 W/kg for 6 hour in total over a week. The reult how that expoure to puled microwave caued a deficit in patial " reference" memory in the rat. Lai H et al, 1994 Microwave irradiation affect radial-arm maze performance in the rat, Bioelectromagnetic 1994;15(2): Lai H, Singh N. (1996) Single- and double-trand DNA break in rat brain cell after acute expoure radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. Int J Radiat Biol 69(4): pubmed/ Wang B, Lai H, (2000) Acute expoure to puled 2450-MHz microwave affect water-maze performance of rat, Bioelectromagnetic 2000 Jan; 21(1): pubmed/

2 W/kg Decreae in memory performance with thi effect Author decription of reult of tudy Author, Title of Study, Early dementia The reult howed retarded learning while performing in the radial-arm

2 Level of 1.2 Current W/kg or Standard 2 W/kg , , 0.012, or 0.12 W/kg. Effect Effect: DNA ingleand double-trand break Neuronal damage in the brain of rat at very low level Malignant with thi and benign effect brain tumor, acoutic neuroma. early dementia, Parkinin dieae, other neurolgical dieae Author decription of reult of tudy Author, Title of Study, RF-EMF expoure (1800 MHz; 1.2 or 2 W/kg; different modulation; during 4, 16 and 24h; intermittent 5 min on/10 min off or continuou wave) induced ingle- and double DNA trand break. Effect occurred after 16 h expoure in both cell type and after different mobile-phone modulation. The intermittent expoure howed a tronger effect than continuou expoure. We conclude that the induced DNA damage cannot be baed on thermal effect. Rat were either expoed to microwave or ham expoed for 2 h at of , , 0.012, or 0.12 W/kg. The rat were acrificed after a recovery time of either 14 or 28 day. The occurrence of dark neuron (dead brain cell) in the rat brain wa ignificantly enhanced after 28 d (p = 0.02). Furthermore, in the 28-d brain ample, neuronal albumin uptake wa ignificantly correlated to occurrence of damaged neuron (Spearman r = 0.41; p < 0.01). Diem E et al, (2005) Non-thermal DNA breakage by mobile-phone radiation (1800 MHz) in human fibroblat and in tranformed GFSH-R17 rat granuloa cell in vitro., Mutat Re 583(2): Eberhardt J et al, (2008) Bloodbrain barrier permeability and nerve cell damage in rat brain 14 and 28 day after expoure to microwave from GSM mobile phone, Electromagn Biol Med 2008;27(3):

early dementia, Parkinin dieae, other neurolgical dieae Author decription of reult of tudy Author, Title of Study, RF-EMF expoure (1800 MHz; 1.

3 Level of Effect 0.12 Current W/kg Decreaed cell Standard growth 1.4 W/kg Decreaed patial memory performance in human Impairment with thi of normal effect DNA repair, immune ytem malfunction, birth defect Author decription of reult of tudy Author, Title of Study, Prepared cell ample were expoed to a 935 Pavacic I et al, (2010) In vitro MHz continuou wave frequency field for 1, 2, teting of cellular repone to ultra and 3 h. The tructure of microtubule protein ha high frequency electromagnetic been determined uing the immunocytochemical field radiation, Toxicol In Vitro method. In comparion with control cell, the 2008 Aug;22(5): microtubule tructure clearly altered after 3h of irradiation (p <0.05). Significantly decreaed pubmed/ growth wa noted in cell expoed for 3h three day after irradiation (p <0.05). We found that 935 MHz radiation imilar to that from a cellphone affect microtubule protein which conequently may obtruct cell growth. Early Dementia Thi tudy invetigated the effect of a 2.5h RF expoure at 884 MHz on patial memory and learning, uing a double-blind repeated meaure deign. The expoure wa deigned to mimic that experienced during a real-life mobile phone converation. The average expoure wa a peak (10g) of 1.4 W/kg. The participant were daily mobile phone uer, with and without ymptom attributed to regular mobile phone ue. Reult revealed a ignificant advere effect of RF expoure on patial memory. Wiholm C et al, (2008) Mobile phone expoure and patial memory, Bioelectromagnetic 2008 Sep

Prepared cell ample were expoed to a 935 Pavacic I et al, (2010) In vitro MHz continuou wave frequency field for 1, 2, teting of cellular repone to ultra and 3 h.

4 Level of.016 Current W/kg to Standard 2 W/kg Effect Reduced brain cell in rat expoed to cellphone radiation at an early age. Learning with thi problem, effect ADD/ ADHD, early dementia, Parkinon, and other Neurological illnee Author decription of reult of tudy Author, Title of Study, The tudy invetigated pyramidal cell of the 16- week -old female rat hippocampu following potnatal expoure to RF at 900 MHz (1 h/day for 28 day). The varied between W/kg (whole body) and 2 W/kg (locally in the head). All of the rat were acrificed at the end of the experiment and the number of pyramidal cell wa etimated. Hitopathological evaluation were made on ection of the CA region of the hippocampu. Reult howed that potnatal EMF expoure caued a ignificant decreae of the pyramidal cell number in the CA of the EMF group (P<0.05). Additionally, cell lo can be een in the CA region of EMF group even on a viual obervation. Thi could relate to the chronic effect of 900 MHz cellphone radiation on teenager' brain. Ba O et al, (2009) 900 MHz electromagnetic field expoure affect qualitative and quantitative feature of hippocampal pyramidal cell in the adult female rat, Brain Re 2009 Apr 10; 1265:

the 16- week -old female rat hippocampu following potnatal expoure to RF at 900 MHz (1 h/day for 28 day). The varied between 0.016 W/kg (whole body) and 2 W/kg (locally in the head).

5 Level of Effect.7 Current W/kg Advere effect on Standard brain function.95 W/kg A ignificant decreae in Purkinje cell in the brain that could affect brain function Learning with thi problem, effect ADD/ ADHD, early Alzheimer, Parkinon dieae, other Neurological illnee early dementia, Parkinin, and other neurolgical dieae Author decription of reult of tudy Author, Title of Study, The rat were expoed to ELF-MW (915 MHz, 20-m pule duration, approximately 0.3 mw/ cm2, 4 Hz) intermittently (1-min 'On', 1-min 'Off') for 10 min at a about 0.7 W/kg everal time per day. A cumulative phenomenon under repeated expoure to ELF-MW wa revealed. Thee reult are in line with evidence that repeated low-level expoure to pule modulated microwave imilar to cellphone radiation adverely affect brain functioning. Pregnant mice were expoed to GSM mobile phone radiation at MHz at 0.95 W/kg to invetigate the effect on Purkinje cell. In human, Purkinje cell are affected in a variety of dieae ranging from toxic expoure (alcohol, lithium), to autoimmune dieae and to genetic mutation (including ataxia and autim) and neurodegenerative dieae that are not thought to have a known genetic bai. Reult: A ignificant decreae in the number of Purkinje cell and a tendency for granule cell to increae in cerebellum wa oberved. Thi could adverely affect brain function. Vorobyov V et al, (2010) Repeated expoure to low-level extremely low frequency-modulated microwave affect cortex-hypothalamu interplay in freely moving rat: EEG tudy, Int J Radiat Biol 2010 May;86(5): Ragbetli M et al, (2010) The effect of mobile phone on the number of Purkinje cell: a tereological tudy, Int J Radiat Biol 2010 Jul;86(7):

early dementia, Parkinin, and other neurolgical dieae Author decription of reult of tudy Author, Title of Study, The rat were expoed to ELF-MW (915 MHz, 20-m pule duration, approximately 0.

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