Contents Introduction Problems, Classification and Structure of ARM Equipment Radio Receiver Applications for Radio Monitoring System

Transcription

1 Contents 1 Introduction Problems, Classification and Structure of ARM Equipment... 5 Introduction ClassificationofRadioMonitoringEquipment... 6 OperationZoneSizes... 7 Application... 7 Equipment Performance DesignConstraints... 8 RadioMonitoringEquipmentDesignPhilosophy... 9 Requirements for RM Equipment Technical Parameters Quality Criterion Selection Main Technical Parameters of RM Equipment Characteristics of RM Equipment Families RadioMonitoringandRESLocationDetectionSystems Stationary and Mobile RM Stations PortableRMEquipment Manpack ARM Equipment Conclusion References Radio Receiver Applications for Radio Monitoring System Introduction Tuned Radio Receiver Main Radio Receiver Parameters Operating Frequency Range Amplitude-Frequency Response of the Linear Receive Path Voltage Standing Wave Ratio Main Channel and Spurious Channels RRSelectivity Inherent Noise and Receiver Sensitivity Sensitivity Increase with the Help of Pre-amplifiers Pre-amplifierGainFactorSelection Receiver Multi-Signal Selectivity ix

2 x Contents Intermodulation Noise Intercept Points on IP 2 and IP 3 Intermodulation Intermodulation-Free Dynamic Range Determination Attenuator Influence on the Intermodulation Value Determining the Intercept Points Blockage Effect CrosstalkDistortions Phase Noise and Retuning Rate of the Panoramic RR Digital Radio Receivers General Principles of Digital Radio Receiver Implementation Types of ARM Receivers DevelopmentofRussianArmSystems First- and Second-Generation Systems Radio Receivers of the Third and Fourth Generation Fifth-Generation Radio Receivers ARK-CT1 Digital Radio Receiver ARK-D1TP Digital Panoramic Measuring Receiver ARK-CT3 Digital Receiver ARK-KNV4 External Remote-Controlled Converter ARK-PR5 Argamak Digital Radio Receiver ARGAMAK-I Panoramic Measuring Receiver Conclusion References Single-Channel and Multi-Channel Radio Signal Detection Introduction Single-Channel Signal Detection Characteristics of Single-Channel Detection of Narrow-Band Signals Single-Channel Detection of Radio Signals With POFT Probabilistic Features of the Frequency Observation Time Probability of Separate Frequency Registration Estimate of the Total Number of Registered Frequencies OptimizationofARMSystemParameters DetectionCharacteristics Double-Channel Detection of Narrow-Band Signals Comparison of Single-Channel and Double-Channel Processing Conclusion References Multi-Channel Digital Receivers Introduction Panoramic Multi-Channel Receivers ARK-D11 Double-Channel Complex ARK-RD8M Multi-Channel Complex SMO-MCRM Customized Software Package

3 Contents xi Software Purpose and Performance Capabilities Software Operation Modes Conclusion References Modulation and Signal Types in Modern Radioelectronic Means. 135 Introduction Administrative Division of the Frequency Spectrum Modulation in Communication and Broadcast Systems General Information Types of Analog Modulation Types of Discrete (Digital) Modulation Signals of Modern Radio Electronic Means SW Range Signals (Less Than 30 MHz) VHF Range Signals (More Than 30 MHz) International System for Signal Designation International Frequency Range Distribution Conclusion References Measurement of Radio Signal Parameters Introduction Frequency Measurement Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Method FFTMethod Measurement of Spectrum Width Determination of Modulation Type and Its Parameter Measurement Determination of Modulation Type Modulation and the Determination of Shift-Keying Characteristics. 204 SMO-STA Software for the Analysis of Automated Radio Signals STA Software Possibilities and Its Functional Diagram Examples of Radio Signal Modulation Type and Parameters Determination Automated Technical Analysis of Radio Signals Unit for Automated Radio Signal Analysis Peculiarities of SMO-PA Application Application of Automatic Signal Analysis in SMO-RD Conclusion References Direction Finding of Radio Emission Sources Introduction History of Radio Direction-Finding Technique Structural Diagram and Characteristics of Radio Direction Finders Main Technical Parameters of Radio Direction Finders Accuracy of Direction Finding

4 xii Contents Sensitivity NoiseImmunity OperatingRate Resolution Operating Frequency Range Types of Being-Found Signals DeploymentTime WeightandSize Complexity in Manufacture and Operation Cost Classification of Direction-Finding Methods Systems Based on a Rotating Directional Antenna ARK-RP3 Handheld Radio Direction Finder ARK-RP4 Handheld Radio Direction Finder AutomaticRadioCompass Automatic Radio Direction Finder with Low Antenna Base Doppler and Quasi-Doppler Direction Finders Phase and Correlation Interferometers Peculiarities of Correlation Interferometer AlgorithmofCorrelationInterferometerMeasuringSystem Single-Channel Measuring System on the Basis ofacorrelationinterferometer ARTIKUL-M4 Foldable Correlation Interferometer ARTIKUL-M1 Mobile Direction Finder ARTIKUL-P Portable Foldable Direction Finder ARTIKUL-P11 Portable Foldable Direction Finder DirectionFindingErrorCorrectioninMobileSystems Conclusion References Radio Monitoring Systems and Determination of Radio Emission Sources Location Introduction Requirements for Radio Monitoring and Location DeterminationSystems Structure of the Radio Monitoring System and Determination ofreslocation ARK-POM1System ARK-POM2System ARK-POM3 Geographically-Distributed System CombinedARK-POMSystem Control Arrangement in the System Data Exchange between Stationary Posts Data Exchange with the Mobile and Deployed Posts Peculiarity of the Low-Speed Radio Channel Application

5 Contents xiii Usage of Radio Modems of the Cellular Communication Systems. 331 Data Exchange Implementation in Combined ARK-POM System Archa Stationary Station Argument MobileStation System-WideCarEquipment Arena Portable Station Arena Station Structure MastDevicesforRadioMonitoringStations NavigationSystemsforRadioMonitoringStations Features of Modern Navigation Systems NavigationSystemsforMobileStations Electric Power Supply Systems Requirements for Electric Power Sources Electric Power Sources for Radio Equipment Secondary Electric Supply Sources Example of Pulse Power Supply of Low Power Multi-Channel Pulse Power Source ARK-UPS12 Universal Power Supply Unit Autonomous Electric Station Usage Special Software Support and Operation Modes of Stations Software Support Structure Spectrum Mode Search Mode Bearing Mode Measurement and Technical Analysis Modes Review Mode Multi-Channel Direction Finding Mode Peculiarities of the Direction Finding of POFT Stations ElectronicMap Mode Post-processingMode Conclusion References Radio Emission Source Localization Using Mobile Stations and Field Strength Measurement Introduction Methods of RES Localization Using the Mobile Station DriveMethod Quasi-Stationary Method Method of Automatic Calculation of RES Coordinates DuringMovement Peculiarities of Multi-Channel Direction Finding Simultaneous Direction Finding Electromagnetic Field Strength Measurement MainMathematicalRelations

6 xiv Contents Peculiarities of the Field Strength Distribution Estimation Field Strength Measurement On-Site Calculation of Field Strength Distribution District Topography UrbanBuild-Up Vegetation Influence Calculation of Field Strength in the SMO-KN Application Processing of Field Strength Measurements DeterminationofRESLocation Checking Transmitters for Announced Parameters Calculation of Electromagnetic Compatibility Conclusion References Detection and Localization of Technical Channels of Information Leakage Introduction Main Search Stages for Electromagnetic Channels of Information Leakage Detection of Radio Signals Emitted in Monitored Premise Radio Signal Intensity in Near-Field and Far-Field Regions Generalized Structure of Equipment for TCIL Detection Comparison Technique for Signal Intensities Detection Algorithm for Radio Signal Sources in Monitored Area. 435 Detection Effectiveness Dependence on the Equipment and the Ways of Standard Panorama Obtaining Identification and Localization of Radio Microphones DistantRadioMonitoringSystemsofRemotePremises Construction Principles of Remote Radio Monitoring Systems ExamplesofRemoteRadioMonitoringSystems Peculiarities of ARK-D3T Remote Radio Monitoring System Peculiarities of the ARK-D9 Remote Radio Monitoring System Peculiarities of the ARK-D13 Remote Radio Monitoring System SoftwareforRemoteRadioMonitoringSystems Purpose and Possibilities of SMO-DX Application Peculiarities of Radio Microphone Detection JointUsageoftheVariousDetectionAlgorithms Radio microphone Localization Inside of Monitored Premises Equipment Operation in the Remote Radio Monitoring System Detection of TCIL Sources by the Mobile Station Antenna System Selection Methods of RES Detection Equipment Structure of ARTIKUL-M6 Mobile Direction Finder Software Structure and Search Procedure Implementation Aggregation of the Initial Data Frames

7 Contents xv Frame Processing and Generation of Suspicious Frequency List. 465 Checking the Frequencies from the List and More Precise RESDetection Conclusion References Methods and Equipment for Protection Against Information Leakage Via CEE Channels General Information Special Investigation Types and Information Security Index Calculation of Information Security Index EstimationoftheTestingModeParametersforaLCDMonitor EstimationoftheTestingModeParametersforaCRTMonitor Methods of Detection of CEE Informative Components Probabilistic Features of Periodogram Samples TDMAlgorithm ApplicationofARK-D1TIMeasuringComplex Search of CEE Informative Components Measurement of CEE Informative Component Intensity Calculation of the Monitored Zone Radius by SMO-PRIZ Application Information Security Monitoring SMO-PRIZ Application Operation for Information Security Monitoring Purposes and Functions of SMO-THESIS Application Conclusion References Conclusion Subject Index

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