EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK

Transcription

1 2012 EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK A Guidebook for First Responders During the Initial Phase of a Dangerous Goods/ Hazardous Materials Transportation Incident

2 SHIPPING DOCUMENTS (PAPERS) Shipping Documents (Papers) are synonymous and can be found as follows: Road kept in the cab of a motor vehicle Rail kept in possession of a crew member Aviation kept in possession of the aircraft pilot Marine kept in a holder on the bridge of a vessel Shipping Documents (Papers) provide vital information regarding the hazardous materials/dangerous goods to initiate protective actions* Information provided: 4-Digit Number, UN or NA (go to Yellow Pages) ** Proper Shipping name (go to Blue Pages) Hazard Class or Division number of material Packing Group Emergency Response Telephone Number Information describing the hazards of the material (entered on or attached to shipping document) EMERGENCY CONTACT EXAMPLE OF EMERGENCY CONTACT TELEPHONE NUMBER NO. & TYPE OF PACKAGES HAZARD CLASS OR DIVISION NO. QUANTITY 1 TANKTRUCK UN1219 ISOPROPANOL 3 II LITERS ID NUMBER SHIPPING NAME PACKING GROUP EXAMPLE OF PLACARD AND PANEL WITH ID NUMBER The 4-digit ID Number may be shown on the diamond-shaped placard or on an adjacent orange panel displayed on the ends and sides of a cargo tank, vehicle or rail car. A Numbered Placard OR A Placard and an Orange Panel * For the purposes of this guidebook, the terms hazardous materials/dangerous goods are synonymous. ** After January 1, 2013 in the United States, the number must appear in the basic description. For example, UN2744, Cyclobutyl chloroformate, 6.1, (3, 8), PG II. This is currently optional in Canada.

3 HOW TO USE THIS GUIDEBOOK RESIST RUSHING IN! APPROACH INCIDENT FROM UPWIND, UPHILL OR UPSTREAM STAY CLEAR OF ALL SPILLS, VAPORS, FUMES, SMOKE AND SUSPICIOUS SOURCES STEP ONE: IDENTIFY THE MATERIAL AND USE ANY OF THE FOLLOWING: IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (4-DIGIT ID AFTER UN/NA) FROM A: -- PLACARD -- ORANGE PANEL -- SHIPPING PAPER OR PACKAGE NAME OF THE MATERIAL FROM A: -- SHIPPING DOCUMENT OR PACKAGE STEP TWO: IDENTIFY 3-DIGIT GUIDE NUMBER, USE: ID NUMBER INDEX in yellow-bordered pages or NAME OF MATERIAL INDEX in blue-bordered pages Guide number supplemented with the letter (P) indicates that the material may undergo violent polymerization if subjected to heat or contamination. INDEX ENTRIES HIGHLIGHTED IN GREEN are a TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) material, a chemical warfare agent or a Dangerous Water Reactive Material (produces toxic gas upon contact with water). IDENTIFY ID NUMBER AND NAME OF MATERIAL IN TABLE 1 INITIAL ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE ACTION DISTANCES (the green-bordered pages). IF NECESSARY, BEGIN PROTECTIVE ACTIONS IMMEDIATELY (see Protective Actions page 288). If no protective action required, use the information jointly with the 3-digit guide. IF A REFERENCE TO A GUIDE CANNOT BE FOUND AND THIS INCIDENT IS BELIEVED TO INVOLVE DANGEROUS GOODS: Use GUIDE 111, UNTIL ADDITIONAL INFORMATION BECOMES AVAILABLE Use GUIDE 112, EXPLOSIVES (other than 1.4 and 1.6) Use GUIDE 114, EXPLOSIVES (1.4 and 1.6) STEP THREE: TURN TO THE NUMBERED GUIDE (the orange-bordered pages) READ CAREFULLY. IF A PLACARD IS THE ONLY SOURCE OF INFORMATION, turn to pages 6-7 and use the 3-digit guide next to the placard and Proceed to Numbered Guide in orange-bordered pages. AS A LAST RESORT: IF ONLY THE CONTAINER CAN BE IDENTIFIED, CONSULT THE TABLE OF RAIL CAR AND ROAD TRAILER IDENTIFICATION CHART (pages 8-9). INFORMATION ASSOCIATED WITH THESE CONTAINERS IS FOR WORST-CASE SCENARIOS. CALL THE EMERGENCY RESPONSE TELEPHONE NUMBER: Listed on the shipping paper, if available. If shipping paper is not available, IMMEDIATELY CALL the appropriate emergency response agency telephone number listed on the inside back cover of this guidebook. Provide as much information as possible, such as the name of the carrier (trucking company or railroad) and vehicle number. BEFORE AN EMERGENCY BECOME FAMILIAR WITH THIS GUIDEBOOK! First responders must be trained in the use of this guidebook. Page 1

4 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS RESIST RUSHING IN! APPROACH CAUTIOUSLY FROM UPWIND, UPHILL OR UPSTREAM: Stay clear of Vapor, Fumes, Smoke and Spills Keep vehicle at a safe distance from the scene SECURE THE SCENE: Isolate the area and protect yourself and others IDENTIFY THE HAZARDS USING ANY OF THE FOLLOWING: Placards Container labels Shipping documents Rail Car and Road Trailer Identification Chart Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Knowledge of persons on scene Consult applicable guide page ASSESS THE SITUATION: Is there a fire, a spill or a leak? What are the weather conditions? What is the terrain like? Who/what is at risk: people, property or the environment? What actions should be taken evacuation, shelter in-place or dike? What resources (human and equipment) are required? What can be done immediately? OBTAIN HELP: Advise your headquarters to notify responsible agencies and call for assistance from qualified personnel RESPOND: Enter only when wearing appropriate protective gear Rescue attempts and protecting property must be weighed against you becoming part of the problem Establish a command post and lines of communication Continually reassess the situation and modify response accordingly Consider safety of people in the immediate area first, including your own safety ABOVE ALL: Do not assume that gases or vapors are harmless because of lack of a smell odorless gases or vapors may be harmful. Use CAUTION when handling empty containers because they may still present hazards until they are cleaned and purged of all residues. Page 2

5 NOTIFICATION AND REQUEST FOR TECHNICAL INFORMATION Follow the steps outlined in your organization s standard operating procedures and/or local emergency response plan for obtaining qualified assistance. Generally, the notification sequence and requests for technical information beyond what is available in this guidebook should occur in the following order: 1. NOTIFY YOUR ORGANIZATION/AGENCY Based on information provided, this will set in motion a series of events Actions may range from dispatching additional trained personnel to the scene, to activating the local emergency response plan Ensure that local fire and police departments have been notified 2. CALL THE EMERGENCY RESPONSE TELEPHONE NUMBER ON THE SHIPPING DOCUMENT If shipping paper is not available, use guidance under next section NATIONAL ASSISTANCE 3. NATIONAL ASSISTANCE Contact the appropriate emergency response agency listed on the inside back cover of this guidebook Provide as much information about the hazardous material and the nature of the incident The agency will provide immediate advice on handling the early stages of the incident The agency will also contact the shipper or manufacturer of the material for more detailed information if necessary The agency will request on-scene assistance when necessary 4. PROVIDE AS MUCH OF THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION AS POSSIBLE: Your name, call-back telephone number, FAX number Location and nature of problem (spill, fire, etc.) Name and identification number of material(s) involved Shipper/consignee/point-of-origin Carrier name, rail car or truck number Container type and size Quantity of material transported/released Local conditions (weather, terrain) Proximity to schools, hospitals, waterways, etc. Injuries and exposures Local emergency services that have been notified Page 3

6 HAZARD CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM The hazard class of dangerous goods is indicated either by its class (or division) number or name. Placards are used to identify the class or division of a material. The hazard class or division number must be displayed in the lower corner of a placard and is required for both primary and subsidiary hazard classes and divisions, if applicable. For other than Class 7 or the OXYGEN placard, text indicating a hazard (for example, CORROSIVE ) is not required. Text is shown only in the U.S. The hazard class or division number and subsidiary hazard classes or division numbers placed in parentheses (when applicable), must appear on the shipping document after each proper shipping name. Class 1 - Class 2 - Class 3 - Class 4 - Class 5 - Class 6 - Class 7 - Class 8 - Class 9 - Explosives Division 1.1 Explosives with a mass explosion hazard Division 1.2 Explosives with a projection hazard Division 1.3 Explosives with predominantly a fire hazard Division 1.4 Explosives with no significant blast hazard Division 1.5 Very insensitive explosives with a mass explosion hazard Division 1.6 Extremely insensitive articles Gases Division 2.1 Flammable gases Division 2.2 Non-flammable, non-toxic* gases Division 2.3 Toxic* gases Flammable liquids (and Combustible liquids [U.S.]) Flammable solids; Spontaneously combustible materials; and Dangerous when wet materials/water-reactive substances Division 4.1 Flammable solids Division 4.2 Spontaneously combustible materials Division 4.3 Water-reactive substances/dangerous when wet materials Oxidizing substances and Organic peroxides Division 5.1 Oxidizing substances Division 5.2 Organic peroxides Toxic* substances and Infectious substances Division 6.1 Toxic*substances Division 6.2 Infectious substances Radioactive materials Corrosive substances Miscellaneous hazardous materials/products, Substances or Organisms * The words poison or poisonous are synonymous with the word toxic. Page 4

7 INTRODUCTION TO THE TABLE OF PLACARDS USE THE TABLE OF PLACARDS ONLY WHEN THE ID NUMBER OR PROPER SHIPPING NAME IS NOT AVAILABLE. The next two pages display the placards used on transport vehicles carrying dangerous goods with the applicable reference GUIDE circled. Follow these steps: 1. Approach scene from upwind, uphill or upstream at a safe distance to safely identify and/or read the placard or orange panel. Use binoculars if available. 2. Match the vehicle placard(s) with one of the placards displayed on the next two pages. 3. Consult the circled guide number associated with the placard. Use that guide information for now. For example: Use GUIDE for a FLAMMABLE (Class 3) placard Use GUIDE for a CORROSIVE (Class 8) placard Use GUIDE when the DANGER/DANGEROUS placard is displayed or the nature of the spilled, leaking or burning material is not known. Also use this GUIDE when the presence of dangerous goods is suspected but no placards can be seen. If multiple placards point to more than one guide, initially use the most conservative guide (i.e., the guide requiring the greatest degree of protective actions). 4. Guides associated with the placards provide the most significant risk and/or hazard information. 5. When specific information, such as ID number or proper shipping name, becomes available, the more specific Guide recommended for that material must be consulted. 6. Asterisks (*) on orange placards represent explosives Compatibility Group letters; refer to the Glossary (page 375). 7. Double asterisks (**) on orange placards represent the division of the explosive. Page 5

8 Page 6 TABLE OF PLACARDS AND INITIAL USE THIS TABLE ONLY IF MATERIALS CANNOT BE SPECIFICALLY IDENTIFIED BY

9 RESPONSE GUIDE TO USE ON-SCENE USING THE SHIPPING DOCUMENT, NUMBERED PLACARD, OR ORANGE PANEL NUMBER Page 7

10 RAIL CAR IDENTIFICATION CHART* CAUTION: Emergency response personnel must be aware that rail tank cars vary widely in construction, fittings and purpose. Tank cars could transport products that may be solids, liquids or gases. The products may be under pressure. It is essential that products be identified by consulting shipping documents or train consist or contacting dispatch centers before emergency response is initiated. The information stenciled on the sides or ends of tank cars, as illustrated above, may be used to identify the product utilizing: a. the commodity name shown; or b. the other information shown, especially reporting marks and car number which, when supplied to a dispatch center, will facilitate the identification of the product. * The recommended guides should be considered as last resort if the material cannot be identified by any other means. Page 8

11 ROAD TRAILER IDENTIFICATION CHART* CAUTION: This chart depicts only the most general shapes of road trailers. Emergency response personnel must be aware that there are many variations of road trailers, not illustrated above, that are used for shipping chemical products. The suggested guides are for the most hazardous products that may be transported in these trailer types. * The recommended guides should be considered as last resort if the material cannot be identified by any other means. Page 9

12 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS DISPLAYED ON SOME INTERMODAL CONTAINERS Hazard identification numbers utilized under European and some South American regulations, may be found in the top half of an orange panel on some intermodal bulk containers. The United Nations 4-digit identification number is in the bottom half of the orange panel The hazard identification number in the top half of the orange panel consists of two or three digits. In general, the digits indicate the following hazards: 2 - Emission of gas due to pressure or chemical reaction 3 - Flammability of liquids (vapors) and gases or self-heating liquid 4 - Flammability of solids or self-heating solid 5 - Oxidizing (fire-intensifying) effect 6 - Toxicity or risk of infection 7 - Radioactivity 8 - Corrosivity 9 - Risk of spontaneous violent reaction Page 10 NOTE: The risk of spontaneous violent reaction within the meaning of digit 9 include the possibility, due to the nature of a substance, of a risk of explosion, disintegration and polymerization reaction followed by the release of considerable heat or flammable and/or toxic gases. Doubling of a digit indicates an intensification of that particular hazard (i.e., 33, 66, 88). Where the hazard associated with a substance can be adequately indicated by a single digit, the digit is followed by a zero (i.e., 30, 40, 50). A hazard identification number prefixed by the letter X indicates that the substance will react dangerously with water (i.e., X88).

13 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS DISPLAYED ON SOME INTERMODAL CONTAINERS The hazard identification numbers listed below have the following meanings: 20 Asphyxiant gas 22 Refrigerated liquefied gas, asphyxiant 223 Refrigerated liquefied gas, flammable 225 Refrigerated liquefied gas, oxidizing (fire-intensifying) 23 Flammable gas 239 Flammable gas which can spontaneously lead to violent reaction 25 Oxidizing (fire-intensifying) gas 26 Toxic gas 263 Toxic gas, flammable 265 Toxic gas, oxidizing (fire-intensifying) 268 Toxic gas, corrosive 30 Flammable liquid, or flammable liquid or solid in the molten state with a flash point above 60 o C, heated to a temperature equal to or above its flash point, or self-heating liquid 323 Flammable liquid which reacts with water, emitting flammable gas X323 Flammable liquid which reacts dangerously with water, emitting flammable gas 33 Highly flammable liquid 333 Pyrophoric liquid X333 Pyrophoric liquid which reacts dangerously with water 336 Highly flammable liquid, toxic 338 Highly flammable liquid, corrosive X338 Highly flammable liquid, corrosive, which reacts dangerously with water 339 Highly flammable liquid which can spontaneously lead to violent reaction 36 Flammable liquid, toxic, or self-heating liquid, toxic 362 Flammable liquid, toxic, which reacts with water, emitting flammable gas X362 Flammable liquid, toxic, which reacts dangerously with water, emitting flammable gas 368 Flammable liquid, toxic, corrosive 38 Flammable liquid, corrosive or self-heating liquid, corrosive 382 Flammable liquid, corrosive, which reacts with water, emitting flammable gas X382 Flammable liquid, corrosive, which reacts dangerously with water, emitting flammable gas 39 Flammable liquid which can spontaneously lead to violent reaction 40 Flammable solid, or self-reactive substance, or self-heating substance 423 Solid which reacts with water, emitting flammable gas, or flammable solid which reacts with water, emitting flammable gas, or self-heating solid which reacts with water, emitting flammable gas Page 11

14 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS DISPLAYED ON SOME INTERMODAL CONTAINERS X423 Solid which reacts dangerously with water, emitting flammable gas, or flammable solid which reacts dangerously with water, emitting flammable gas, or self-heating solid which reacts dangerously with water, emitting flammable gas 43 Spontaneously flammable (pyrophoric) solid X432 Spontaneously flammable (pyrophoric) solid which reacts dangerously with water, emitting flammable gas 44 Flammable solid, in the molten state at an elevated temperature 446 Flammable solid, toxic, in the molten state at an elevated temperature 46 Flammable solid, toxic, or self-heating solid, toxic 462 Toxic solid which reacts with water, emitting flammable gas X462 Solid which reacts dangerously with water, emitting toxic gas 48 Flammable or self-heating solid, corrosive 482 Corrosive solid which reacts with water, emitting flammable gas X482 Solid which reacts dangerously with water, emitting corrosive gas 50 Oxidizing (fire-intensifying) substance 539 Flammable organic peroxide 55 Strongly oxidizing (fire-intensifying) substance 556 Strongly oxidizing (fire-intensifying) substance, toxic 558 Strongly oxidizing (fire-intensifying) substance, corrosive 559 Strongly oxidizing (fire-intensifying) substance which can spontaneously lead to violent reaction 56 Oxidizing (fire-intensifying) substance, toxic 568 Oxidizing (fire-intensifying) substance, toxic, corrosive 58 Oxidizing (fire-intensifying) substance, corrosive 59 Oxidizing (fire intensifying) substance which can spontaneously lead to violent reaction 60 Toxic substance 606 Infectious substance 623 Toxic liquid which reacts with water, emitting flammable gas 63 Toxic substance, flammable 638 Toxic substance, flammable, corrosive 639 Toxic substance, flammable, which can spontaneously lead to violent reaction 64 Toxic solid, flammable or self-heating 642 Toxic solid which reacts with water, emitting flammable gas 65 Toxic substance, oxidizing (fire-intensifying) 66 Highly toxic substance 663 Highly toxic substance, flammable 664 Highly toxic solid, flammable or self-heating Page 12

15 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS DISPLAYED ON SOME INTERMODAL CONTAINERS 665 Highly toxic substance, oxidizing (fire-intensifying) 668 Highly toxic substance, corrosive X668 Highly toxic substance, corrosive, which reacts dangerously with water 669 Highly toxic substance which can spontaneously lead to violent reaction 68 Toxic substance, corrosive 69 Toxic substance which can spontaneously lead to violent reaction 70 Radioactive material 78 Radioactive material, corrosive 80 Corrosive substance X80 Corrosive substance which reacts dangerously with water 823 Corrosive liquid which reacts with water, emitting flammable gas 83 Corrosive substance, flammable X83 Corrosive substance, flammable, which reacts dangerously with water 839 Corrosive substance, flammable, which can spontaneously lead to violent reaction X839 Corrosive substance, flammable, which can spontaneously lead to violent reaction and which reacts dangerously with water 84 Corrosive solid, flammable or self-heating 842 Corrosive solid which reacts with water, emitting flammable gas 85 Corrosive substance, oxidizing (fire-intensifying) 856 Corrosive substance, oxidizing (fire-intensifying) and toxic 86 Corrosive substance, toxic 88 Highly corrosive substance X88 Highly corrosive substance which reacts dangerously with water 883 Highly corrosive substance, flammable 884 Highly corrosive solid, flammable or self-heating 885 Highly corrosive substance, oxidizing (fire-intensifying) 886 Highly corrosive substance, toxic X886 Highly corrosive substance, toxic, which reacts dangerously with water 89 Corrosive substance which can spontaneously lead to violent reaction 90 Miscellaneous dangerous substance; environmentally hazardous substance 99 Miscellaneous dangerous substance transported at an elevated temperature Page 13

16 PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION In North America, hazardous materials are transported through millions of miles of underground pipelines and related structures that can contain natural gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, anhydrous ammonia, carbon dioxide, jet fuel and other commodities. Although pipelines are buried, there are above-ground structures and signs indicating the presence of underground transmission pipelines (see page 19 for U.S. pipeline location information). Natural gas also is transported via underground distribution pipelines. Gas Pipelines Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines Large-diameter, steel pipelines transporting flammable, toxic and non-toxic natural gas at very high pressure. Structures: Compressor Station Buildings, Valves, Metering Stations, and Aerial Patrol Markers. Markers: Warning, Caution, or Danger appear at road, railroad, and water crossings, or may be posted at property boundaries and include operator s emergency Point-of-Contact (POC) and product transported. Natural Gas Distribution Pipelines Natural gas is delivered directly to customers via distribution pipelines--typically smallerdiameter, lower-pressure pipelines, and can be steel, plastic, or cast iron. Structures: Regulator stations, customer meters and regulators, and valve box covers are the only above-ground indicators of gas distribution pipelines. Gas Gathering and Gas Well Production Pipelines Gas gathering/gas well production pipelines collect raw natural gas from wellheads and transport product to gas-processing and/or gas-treating plants. These gathering pipelines carry natural gas mixed with some level of gas liquids, water and, in some areas, contaminants such as hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S). Structures Compressor Station Buildings, Valves, Metering Stations, and Aerial Patrol Markers. Page 14

17 Markers Often appear at road, railroad, and water crossings. Signs may be posted at property boundaries. Signs include operator s POC and product transported. Warning, Caution, or Danger will appear on signs. Note: Pipelines transporting natural gas containing dangerous levels of H 2 S may have signs that say: Sour Gas or Poison Gas. For Natural Gas Pipeline Incidents Two important things to remember: Never attempt to extinguish a gas fire; this could prolong/worsen incident/cause another leak in the pipeline. Never attempt to operate pipeline valves; this could prolong/worsen incident/cause another leak in the pipeline. SIGNS OF GAS PIPELINE RUPTURE: Loud roaring or explosive sound; OR Large flames and loud roaring noise. Follow these steps: Immediately evacuate area; Move upwind, away from flames; prevent individuals from entering; If no flames present, do not start/turn off vehicles/electrical equipment (ex: cell phones, pagers, two-way radios, or lights) as this could cause spark/ignition; Abandon equipment used in/near area; If flames present, driving away from area is acceptable; Move far enough from noise to allow normal conversation; From safe location, call 911 or contact the local fire/law enforcement; and Notify pipeline operator. Page 15

18 ANY ONE OF THESE COULD INDICATE A SUSPECTED GAS PIPELINE LEAK: Whistling/hissing sound; Distinctive, strong odor, similar to rotten eggs; Dense fog, mist, or white cloud; Bubbling in water, ponds, or creeks; Dust or dirt blowing up from ground; OR Discolored/dead vegetation above pipeline right-of-way. Follow these steps: Evacuate area to where you can no longer hear, see, or smell gas; Do not start/turn off vehicles/electrical equipment (ex: cell phones, pagers, two-way radios or lights) as this could cause spark/ignition; Abandon equipment used in/near the area; Avoid open flames; Prevent individuals from entering area; Call 911 or contact the local fire/law enforcement from a safe location; and Notify pipeline operator. Considerations for Establishing Protective Action Distance: Type of product (eg. sour vs sweet); Pressure and diameter of pipe; Timing of valve closure by utility (quickly for automated valves/longer for manually operated valves); Dissipation time of gas in pipe once valves are closed; Heat factor of natural gas; Local variables such as climate/weather, wind direction, topography, population density, demographics, and fire suppression methods available; Nearby building construction material/density; Wild land/urban interface; and Natural and manmade barriers (highway). If you know the material involved, identify the three-digit guide number by looking up the name in the alphabetical list (blue-bordered pages), then using the three-digit guide number, consult the recommendations in the assigned guide. Page 16

19 Liquids Pipelines Petroleum and Hazardous Liquids Pipelines Crude oil, refined petroleum products, and hazardous liquids often are transported by pipelines and include gasoline, jet fuels, diesel fuel, home heating oils, carbon dioxide and anhydrous ammonia. Sometimes liquids pipelines transport natural gas liquids, which, like carbon dioxide and anhydrous ammonia, rapidly change from liquid to gaseous state when released from a pressurized pipeline. Structures Storage Tanks, Valves, Pump Stations, Aerial Patrol Markers Markers Often appear at road, railroad and water crossings, and may be posted at property boundaries. Signs include operator emergency POCs and product transported. Warning, Caution, or Danger appear on signs. For Petroleum and Hazardous Liquids Pipeline Incidents Two important things to remember: Never attempt to extinguish flame before shutting off supply, as this can cause formation of explosive mixtures, and Never attempt to operate pipeline valves. This could prolong/worsen incident or cause another pipeline leak. SIGNS OF LIQUIDS PIPELINE RUPTURE: Loud roaring, hissing, or explosive sound; OR Very large flames and loud roaring noise. Follow these steps: Immediately evacuate area; Move upwind, far from flames, prevent individuals from entering area; If no flames present, do not start/turn off vehicles/electrical equipment (ex: cell phones, pagers, two-way radios, or lights) as this could cause spark/ignition; Abandon equipment used in/near the area; Keep traffic away; secure the area; Page 17

20 If flames present, driving away from area is acceptable; Move far enough away from noise to allow normal conversation; From safe location, call 911 or contact the local fire/law enforcement; and From a safe area, call toll-free emergency number on right-of-way marker to notify pipeline operator. ANY ONE OF THESE COULD INDICATE SUSPECTED LIQUIDS PIPELINE LEAK: Liquids bubbling up from ground; Oil slick on flowing/standing water; Flames appearing from ground; Vapor clouds; Discolored vegetation or snow; and Unusual petroleum, skunk or rotten-egg odor. Follow these steps: Do not drive into vapor cloud; Carefully evacuate the immediate area so you can no longer hear, see, smell odor; Avoid introducing sources of ignition--do not start/turn off vehicles/electrical equipment (ex: cell phones, pagers, two-way radios, or lights); as this could cause spark/ignition; Abandon equipment being used in/near area; Avoid open flames; Prevent individuals from entering area; Call 911 or contact the local fire/law enforcement from a safe location; and Notify pipeline operator. Considerations For Establishing Protective Action Distance: Type of product (eg. sour vs sweet); Pressure/diameter of pipe; Timing of valve closure by utility (quickly for automated valves/longer for manually operated valves); Dissipation time of material in pipe once valves closed; Heat factor of product; Local variables such as climate/weather, wind direction, topography, population density, demographics and fire suppression methods available for use; Page 18

21 Nearby building construction material/density; Wild land/urban interface; and Natural and man-made barriers (highway). If you know the material involved, identify the three-digit guide number by looking up the name in the alphabetical list (blue-bordered pages), then using the three-digit guide number, consult the recommendations in the assigned guide. U.S. Pipeline Resources U.S. Pipeline Location Source: The National Pipeline Mapping System (NPMS) < > indicates the locations of hazardous liquids and natural gas transmission pipelines found within the U.S. U.S. Pipeline Training: Where appropriate, reference Pipeline Emergencies training materials, produced by PHMSA and the National Association of State Fire Marshals (NASFM). This training guide is available at < > and offers a thorough overview of U.S. pipeline operations and emergency response considerations. Page 19

22 GREEN HIGHLIGHTED ENTRIES IN YELLOW PAGES For entries highlighted in green follow these steps: IF THERE IS NO FIRE: -- Go directly to Table 1 (green bordered pages) -- Look up the ID number and name of material -- Identify initial isolation and protective action distances IF THERE IS A FIRE or A FIRE IS INVOLVED: -- Also consult the assigned orange guide -- If applicable, apply the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY Note: If the name in Table 1 is shown with When Spilled In Water, these materials produce large amounts of Toxic Inhalation Hazard (TIH) gases when spilled in water. Some Water Reactive materials are also TIH materials themselves (e.g., Bromine trifluoride (1746), Thionyl chloride (1836), etc.). In these instances, two entries are provided in Table 1 for land-based and water-based spills. If the Water Reactive material is NOT a TIH and this material is NOT spilled in water, Table 1 and Table 2 do not apply and safety distances will be found within the appropriate orange guide. Page 20

23 ID Guide Name of Material 112 Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixtures 158 Biological agents 112 Blasting agent, 112 Explosives, division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or Explosives, division 1.4 or Toxins Acetylene Acetylene, dissolved Air, compressed Air, refrigerated liquid (cryogenic liquid) Air, refrigerated liquid (cryogenic liquid), nonpressurized Ammonia, anhydrous Anhydrous ammonia Argon Argon, compressed Boron trifluoride Boron trifluoride, compressed Bromotrifluoromethane Refrigerant gas R-13B P Butadienes, stabilized P Butadienes and hydrocarbon mixture, stabilized Butane Butane mixture Butylene Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide, compressed Carbon dioxide and Oxygen mixture, compressed ID Guide Name of Material Oxygen and Carbon dioxide mixture, compressed Carbon dioxide and Nitrous oxide mixture Nitrous oxide and Carbon dioxide mixture Carbon monoxide Carbon monoxide, compressed Chlorine Chlorodifluoromethane Refrigerant gas R Chloropentafluoroethane Refrigerant gas R Chloro-1,2,2,2- tetrafluoroethane Chlorotetrafluoroethane Refrigerant gas R Chlorotrifluoromethane Refrigerant gas R Coal gas Coal gas, compressed Cyanogen Cyanogen gas Cyclopropane Dichlorodifluoromethane Refrigerant gas R Dichlorofluoromethane Refrigerant gas R ,1-Difluoroethane Difluoroethane Refrigerant gas R-152a Dimethylamine, anhydrous Dimethyl ether Page 21

24 ID Guide Ethane Page 22 Name of Material Ethane, compressed Ethylamine Ethyl chloride Ethylene, refrigerated liquid (cryogenic liquid) Ethyl methyl ether Methyl ethyl ether P Ethylene oxide P Ethylene oxide with Nitrogen Carbon dioxide and Ethylene oxide mixture, with more than 9% but not more than 87% Ethylene oxide Carbon dioxide and Ethylene oxide mixtures, with more than 6% Ethylene oxide Ethylene oxide and Carbon dioxide mixture, with more than 9% but not more than 87% Ethylene oxide Ethylene oxide and Carbon dioxide mixtures, with more than 6 % Ethylene oxide Fertilizer, ammoniating solution, with free Ammonia Fire extinguishers with compressed gas Fire extinguishers with liquefied gas Fluorine Fluorine, compressed Helium Helium, compressed Hydrogen bromide, anhydrous Hydrogen Hydrogen, compressed ID Guide Name of Material Hydrogen chloride, anhydrous AC Hydrocyanic acid, aqueous solutions, with more than 20% Hydrogen cyanide Hydrogen cyanide, anhydrous, stabilized Hydrogen cyanide, stabilized Hydrogen fluoride, anhydrous Hydrogen sulfide Hydrogen sulphide Isobutylene Krypton Krypton, compressed Lighter refills (cigarettes) (flammable gas) Lighters (cigarettes) (flammable gas) Liquefied gases, nonflammable, charged with Nitrogen, Carbon dioxide or Air P Methylacetylene and Propadiene mixture, stabilized P Propadiene and Methylacetylene mixture, stabilized Methylamine, anhydrous Methyl bromide Methyl chloride Refrigerant gas R Methyl mercaptan Neon Neon, compressed Nitrogen

25 ID Guide Name of Material Nitrogen, compressed Dinitrogen tetroxide Nitrogen dioxide Nitrosyl chloride Nitrous oxide Nitrous oxide, compressed Oil gas Oil gas, compressed Oxygen Oxygen, compressed Oxygen, refrigerated liquid (cryogenic liquid) Butane Butane mixture Butylene Isobutane Isobutane mixture Isobutylene Liquefied petroleum gas LPG Petroleum gases, liquefied Propane Propane mixture Propylene CG Diphosgene DP Phosgene Propylene Dispersant gas, Refrigerant gas, ID Guide Sulfur dioxide Sulphur dioxide Name of Material Sulfur hexafluoride Sulphur hexafluoride P Tetrafluoroethylene, stabilized P Trifluorochloroethylene, stabilized Trimethylamine, anhydrous P Vinyl bromide, stabilized P Vinyl chloride, stabilized P Vinyl methyl ether, stabilized Acetal Acetaldehyde Acetone Acetone oils P Acrolein, stabilized P Acrylonitrile, stabilized Allyl alcohol Allyl bromide Allyl chloride Amyl acetates Amyl alcohols Pentanols Amylamines Amyl chloride n-amylene Pentene Amyl formates n-amyl methyl ketone Amyl methyl ketone Methyl amyl ketone Page 23

26 ID Guide Amyl mercaptan Amyl nitrate Amyl nitrite Benzene Butanols Butyl acetates n-butylamine Bromobutane n-butyl bromide Butyl chloride Chlorobutanes n-butyl formate Butyraldehyde Camphor oil Page 24 Name of Material Carbon bisulfide Carbon bisulphide Carbon disulfide Carbon disulphide Adhesives (flammable) Chlorobenzene Ethylene chlorohydrin Coal tar distillates, flammable Coating solution P Crotonaldehyde P Crotonaldehyde, stabilized Crotonylene Cyclohexane Cyclopentane Decahydronaphthalene Diacetone alcohol Butyl ethers ID Guide Dibutyl ethers Name of Material P 1,2-Dichloroethylene P Dichloroethylene Dichloropentanes Ethylene glycol diethyl ether Diethylamine Diethyl ether Ethyl ether Diethyl ketone Diisobutyl ketone Diisopropylamine Diisopropyl ether Dimethylamine, aqueous solution Dimethylamine, solution Dimethyl carbonate Dimethyldichlorosilane ,1-Dimethylhydrazine Dimethylhydrazine, unsymmetrical Dimethyl sulfide Dimethyl sulphide Dioxane Dioxolane P Divinyl ether, stabilized Extracts, aromatic, liquid Ethanol Ethanol, solution Ethyl alcohol Ethyl alcohol, solution Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate

27 ID Guide Ethyl acetate Ethylbenzene Ethyl borate Name of Material Ethylbutyl acetate Ethylbutyl acetate Ethylbutyraldehyde Ethyl butyl ether Ethyl butyrate Ethyl chloroacetate Ethyl chloroformate Ethyldichlorosilane Ethylene dichloride P Ethyleneimine, stabilized Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate Ethyl formate Ethylhexaldehydes Octyl aldehydes Ethyl lactate Ethyl methyl ketone Methyl ethyl ketone Ethyl nitrite, solution Ethyl propionate Ethyltrichlorosilane Extracts, flavoring, liquid Extracts, flavouring, liquid Formaldehyde, solution, flammable Formaldehyde, solutions (Formalin) P Furaldehydes ID Guide P Furfural Name of Material P Furfuraldehydes Fusel oil Diesel fuel Fuel oil Fuel oil, no. 1,2,4,5, Gas oil Heating oil, light Gasohol Gasoline Motor spirit Petrol Nitroglycerin, solution in alcohol, with not more than 1% Nitroglycerin Heptanes Hexaldehyde Hexanes Neohexane Ink, printer s, flammable Printing ink, flammable Printing ink related material Isobutanol Isobutyl alcohol Isobutyl acetate Isobutylamine Isooctenes P Isoprene, stabilized Isopropanol Isopropyl alcohol Isopropyl acetate Isopropylamine Isopropyl nitrate Page 25

28 ID Guide Kerosene Page 26 Name of Material Ketones, liquid, Mercaptan mixture, liquid, flammable, poisonous, Mercaptan mixture, liquid, flammable, toxic, Mercaptans, liquid, flammable, poisonous, Mercaptans, liquid, flammable, toxic, Mesityl oxide Methanol Methyl alcohol Methyl acetate Methylamyl acetate Methylal Methylamine, aqueous solution Methyl butyrate Methyl chloroformate Methyl chloromethyl ether Methyldichlorosilane Methyl formate Methylhydrazine Methyl isobutyl ketone P Methyl isopropenyl ketone, stabilized P Methyl methacrylate monomer, stabilized Methyl propionate Methyl propyl ketone Methyltrichlorosilane P Methyl vinyl ketone, stabilized Nickel carbonyl Nitromethane ID Guide Isooctane Octanes Name of Material Paint (flammable) Paint related material (flammable) Paraldehyde Isopentane n-pentane Pentanes Perfumery products, with flammable solvents Petroleum crude oil Petroleum distillates, Petroleum products, Oil, petroleum Petroleum oil Pine oil n-propanol normal Propyl alcohol Propyl alcohol, normal Propionaldehyde n-propyl acetate Monopropylamine Propylamine Chloropropane Propyl chloride ,2-Dichloropropane Dichloropropane Propylene dichloride P Propylene oxide Propyl formates Pyridine Rosin oil

29 ID Guide Rubber solution Shale oil Name of Material Sodium methylate, solution in alcohol Ethyl silicate Tetraethyl silicate Tinctures, medicinal Toluene Trichlorosilane Triethylamine Trimethylamine, aqueous solution Trimethylchlorosilane Turpentine Turpentine substitute P Vinyl acetate, stabilized P Vinyl ethyl ether, stabilized P Vinylidene chloride, stabilized P Vinyl isobutyl ether, stabilized P Vinyltrichlorosilane P Vinyltrichlorosilane, stabilized Wood preservatives, liquid Xylenes Zirconium metal, liquid suspension Zirconium suspended in a flammable liquid Zirconium suspended in a liquid (flammable) Aluminum powder, coated Ammonium picrate, wetted with not less than 10% water Borneol Calcium resinate ID Guide Name of Material Calcium resinate, fused Cobalt resinate, precipitated Dinitrophenol, wetted with not less than 15% water Dinitrophenolates, wetted with not less than 15% water Dinitroresorcinol, wetted with not less than 15% water Ferrocerium Films, nitrocellulose base Flammable solid, Flammable solid, organic, Fusee (rail or highway) Hafnium powder, wetted with not less than 25% water Bhusa, wet, damp or contaminated with oil Hay, wet, damp or contaminated with oil Straw, wet, damp or contaminated with oil Hexamethylenetetramine Hexamine Manganese resinate Matches, strike anywhere Metaldehyde Cerium, slabs, ingots or rods Naphthalene, crude Naphthalene, refined Nitroguanidine (Picrite), wetted with not less than 20% water Nitroguanidine, wetted with not less than 20% water Picrite, wetted Nitrostarch, wetted with not less than 20% water Page 27

30 ID Guide Name of Material Nitrostarch, wetted with not less than 30% solvent Phosphorus, amorphous Phosphorus, amorphous, red Red phosphorus Red phosphorus, amorphous Phosphorus heptasulfide, free from yellow and white Phosphorus Phosphorus heptasulphide, free from yellow and white Phosphorus Phosphorus pentasulfide, free from yellow and white Phosphorus Phosphorus pentasulphide, free from yellow and white Phosphorus Phosphorus sesquisulfide, free from yellow and white Phosphorus Phosphorus sesquisulphide, free from yellow and white Phosphorus Phosphorus trisulfide, free from yellow and white Phosphorus Phosphorus trisulphide, free from yellow and white Phosphorus Picric acid, wetted with not less than 30% water Trinitrophenol, wetted with not less than 30% water Rubber scrap, powdered or granulated Rubber shoddy, powdered or granulated Silicon powder, amorphous Silver picrate, wetted with not less than 30% water ID Guide Name of Material Sodium dinitro-o-cresolate, wetted with not less than 15% water Sodium dinitro-ortho-cresolate, wetted Sodium picramate, wetted with not less than 20% water Sulfur Sulphur Titanium powder, wetted with not less than 25% water Fabrics impregnated with weakly nitrated Nitrocellulose, Fibers impregnated with weakly nitrated Nitrocellulose, Fibres impregnated with weakly nitrated Nitrocellulose, Toe puffs, nitrocellulose base Trinitrobenzene, wetted with not less than 30% water Trinitrobenzoic acid, wetted with not less than 30% water TNT, wetted with not less than 30% water Trinitrotoluene, wetted with not less than 30% water Urea nitrate, wetted with not less than 20% water Zirconium metal, powder, wet Zirconium powder, wetted with not less than 25% water Calcium phosphide Carbon, animal or vegetable origin Charcoal Carbon, activated Copra Page 28

31 ID Guide Name of Material Cotton waste, oily Cotton Cotton, wet Diethylzinc p-nitrosodimethylaniline Dimethylzinc Fiber, animal or vegetable,, burnt, wet or damp Fibers, animal or vegetable, burnt, wet or damp Fibres, animal or vegetable, burnt, wet or damp Fabrics, animal or vegetable or synthetic, with oil Fibers, animal or vegetable or synthetic, with oil Fibres, animal or vegetable or synthetic, with oil Fish meal, unstabilized Fish scrap, unstabilized Iron oxide, spent Iron sponge, spent Metal catalyst, wetted Paper, unsaturated oil treated Pentaborane Phosphorus, white, dry or under water or in solution Phosphorus, yellow, dry or under water or in solution White phosphorus, dry White phosphorus, in solution White phosphorus, under water Yellow phosphorus, dry Yellow phosphorus, in solution Yellow phosphorus, under water ID Guide Name of Material Potassium sulfide, anhydrous Potassium sulfide, with less than 30% water of crystallization Potassium sulfide, with less than 30% water of hydration Potassium sulphide, anhydrous Potassium sulphide, with less than 30% water of crystallization Potassium sulphide, with less than 30% water of hydration Aluminum powder, pyrophoric Pyrophoric alloy, Pyrophoric metal, Sodium dithionite Sodium hydrosulfite Sodium hydrosulphite Sodium sulfide, anhydrous Sodium sulfide, with less than 30% water of crystallization Sodium sulphide, anhydrous Sodium sulphide, with less than 30% water of crystallization Seed cake, with more than 1.5% oil and not more than 11% moisture Wool waste, wet Alkali metal amalgam Alkali metal amalgam, liquid Alkali metal amalgam, solid Alkali metal amides Alkali metal dispersion Alkaline earth metal dispersion Alkaline earth metal amalgam Page 29

32 ID Guide Page 30 Name of Material Alkaline earth metal amalgam, liquid Alkaline earth metal alloy, Aluminum carbide Aluminum ferrosilicon powder Aluminum powder, uncoated Aluminum phosphide Aluminum silicon powder, uncoated Barium Calcium Calcium carbide Calcium cyanamide, with more than 0.1% Calcium carbide Calcium hydride Calcium silicide Caesium Cesium Ferrosilicon Hydrides, metal, Metal hydrides, water-reactive, Lithium aluminum hydride Lithium aluminum hydride, ethereal Lithium borohydride Lithium hydride Lithium Lithium silicon Magnesium alloys powder Magnesium powder Magnesium aluminum phosphide Potassium, metal alloys ID Guide Name of Material Potassium, metal alloys, liquid Alkali metal alloy, liquid, Potassium sodium alloys Potassium sodium alloys, liquid Sodium potassium alloys Sodium potassium alloys, liquid Rubidium Rubidium metal Sodium borohydride Sodium hydride Sodium Sodium methylate Sodium methylate, dry Sodium phosphide Stannic phosphides Zinc ashes Zinc dross Zinc residue Zinc skimmings Zinc dust Zinc powder Zirconium hydride Aluminum nitrate Ammonium dichromate Ammonium perchlorate Ammonium persulfate Ammonium persulphate Barium chlorate Barium chlorate, solid Barium nitrate Barium perchlorate Barium perchlorate, solid

33 ID Guide Name of Material Barium permanganate Barium peroxide Bromates, inorganic, Caesium nitrate Cesium nitrate Calcium chlorate Calcium chlorite Calcium nitrate Calcium perchlorate Calcium permanganate Calcium peroxide Borate and Chlorate mixtures Chlorate and Borate mixtures Chlorate and Magnesium chloride mixture Chlorate and Magnesium chloride mixture, solid Magnesium chloride and Chlorate mixture Magnesium chloride and Chlorate mixture, solid Chlorates, inorganic, Chlorites, inorganic, Chromium trioxide, anhydrous Didymium nitrate Ferric nitrate Guanidine nitrate Lead nitrate Lead perchlorate Lead perchlorate, solid Lead perchlorate, solution Lithium hypochlorite, dry Lithium hypochlorite mixture ID Guide Name of Material Lithium hypochlorite mixtures, dry Lithium peroxide Magnesium bromate Magnesium nitrate Magnesium perchlorate Magnesium peroxide Nitrates, inorganic, Oxidizing solid, Perchlorates, inorganic, Permanganates, inorganic, Peroxides, inorganic, Potassium bromate Potassium chlorate Potassium nitrate Potassium nitrate and Sodium nitrite mixture Sodium nitrite and Potassium nitrate mixture Potassium nitrite Potassium perchlorate Potassium permanganate Potassium peroxide Potassium persulfate Potassium persulphate Silver nitrate Sodium bromate Sodium chlorate Sodium chlorite Sodium nitrate Potassium nitrate and Sodium nitrate mixture Page 31