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1 Daniel J. Gallington Daniel J. Gallington is Adjunct Professor of Law at the University of Illinois College of Law in Champaign-Urbana, Illinois, where he teaches National Security Law. Mr. Gallington is also a Member of the External Advisory Board of the Critical Infrastructure Resilience Institute (CIRI) a Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Center of Excellence that conducts research to enhance the resiliency of the nation s critical infrastructures and the businesses and public entities that own and operate those assets and systems. Mr. Gallington s hundreds of writings on national security policy, terrorism, privacy, cyber security, encryption, homeland security, foreign relations and intelligence policy have appeared in Government Executive Magazine, The Washington Times, The Washington Examiner, Human Events, and The Cypress Times. He wrote a regular Op Ed column for US News &World Report on the politics of national security, intelligence, terrorism and international security affairs and has appeared on C-SPAN as an expert on cyber warfare policy and strategy. Mr. Gallington has written definitive articles on the need and organizational concepts for resilience testing our critical cyber infrastructures: and From 2011 to 2015, Mr. Gallington was the Senior Policy & Program Advisor at the former George C. Marshall Institute in Arlington, Virginia, where he consulted on a variety of national security projects, papers, studies and panels relating to cyber security, terrorism, intelligence, encryption and privacy. From 2002 to 2011, Gallington served as Senior Fellow and Member of the Board of Regents at the Potomac Institute for Policy Studies in Arlington, Virginia. At Potomac, he led and supported various national security policy studies on intelligence policy, 1

2 special operations, terrorism, nuclear proliferation, homeland defense and cyber security, including several focused projects on the dynamics between new information technologies, privacy and national security. Mr. Gallington directed PROJECT GUARDIAN: Maintaining Civil Liberties in the Information Age under a multi-year contract with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The GUARDIAN project provided practical and workable recommendations to law and policy makers for the protection of privacy and civil liberties while enabling new technologies to enhance the aggressive pursuit of terrorists. GUARDIAN proposals suggested creative ways for policy makers to increase public confidence and for improved congressional oversight of new information technologies - many of these ideas were incorporated directly into legislation, Presidential Executive Orders and departmental directives. As part of the GUARDIAN project, Mr. Gallington testified before the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (HPSCI), the Technical and Policy Advisory Committee for the Department of Defense, and led numerous panels of distinguished privacy experts. He also published a series of thoughtful articles and papers on the tensions between privacy and security in the struggle against terrorism. Recognizing his expertise, Mr. Gallington served on the 2003 Defense Science Board (DSB) Study on Department of Defense Roles and Missions in Homeland Defense, Security and Civil support, and as a member of the 2003 Fall Study of Current Counterintelligence Issues, sponsored by the Institute of World Politics and the McCormick-Tribune Foundation. During , he served on an executive panel of senior privacy advisors to the Transportation Security Agency (TSA), evaluating the Secure Flight program. Mr. Gallington served in Washington DC for more than 20 years at senior executive leadership and policy levels, cutting across political administrations, branches of government, departments and agencies. He worked on and influenced the most serious national security issues of the day, as an integral part of the 2

3 senior inter-agency policy process and the National Security Council s (NSC) deliberative process and by facilitating insightful congressional oversight. Specifically: From June 2001 through November 2002, and during the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks, he served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Territorial Security in the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD). As such, he managed the DOD dayto-day post attack policy responses and advised the Secretary of Defense on the intricate policy and legal issues associated with the creation of NORTHCOM, the military s conduit for its contribution to the defense of the US homeland. During this period, he also served as Special Assistant for Special Operations and Combating Terrorism to the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy (USDP). Mr. Gallington was in his office [2E235] at the Pentagon on 9/11, and near where the building was struck by terrorist hijacked Flight 77; he later wrote about his experiences on that day and immediately following: During the transition of government in 2001, and the pendency of senior DOD Senate confirmations, Mr. Gallington served as the Special Assistant for Policy to Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld. As such, he performed the entire spectrum of duties of the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy (USD/P) and later performed the entire spectrum of duties of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low Intensity Conflict (ASD/SOLIC). Recognizing this intense period of service, Mr. Gallington was awarded the Secretary of Defense Medal for Outstanding Public Service; and in 2005, was awarded the Secretary of Defense Outstanding Unit Award for his subsequent advisory service to the Office of the Secretary of Defense. From 2000 to 2001, Mr. Gallington was Chief Counsel for the bipartisan National Commission for the Review of the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), the nation s primary remote sensing agency for national security. The Commission conducted a comprehensive review of the NRO's entire 3

4 organization, business practices, procurement, legal authorities, roles, missions, relationships with other agencies and ability to develop new and innovative technologies. From 1997 to 1999, Mr. Gallington was bi-partisan General Counsel to the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (SSCI). Mr. Gallington was selected by agreement of the then Committee Chairman [Sen. Richard Shelby, R-AL] and Vice Chairman [Sen. Bob Kerrey, D-NE], and advised the entire Committee membership and staff in its legislative oversight of all US intelligence activities, operations and programs. In addition, he was responsible for the Committee s entire legislative program and the annual Intelligence Community (IC) authorization act. During Mr. Gallington s tenure, the Committee reported out comprehensive legislative reforms in counterintelligence and counter terrorism, including major amendments to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA). Mr. Gallington also led the Committee's Staff investigation into the activities of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) to influence the U.S. political process during the 1996 election cycle. From 1991 to 1997, Mr. Gallington was the Deputy Counsel for Intelligence Policy at the Department of Justice, in the former Office of Intelligence Policy and Review (OIPR), where he advised two Attorney s General [William Barr and Janet Reno] on national security matters. He also represented the Department of Justice on a variety of National Security Council (NSC) inter-agency policy committees, including the coordination of covert action. A career member of the Senior Executive Service (SES), Mr. Gallington also served as an adviser to client agencies - including the NSA, CIA, FBI, the Defense and STATE Departments concerning national security issues and the interpretation of intelligence related laws, regulations, guidelines and legality of all US intelligence activities. From 1990 to 1991, Mr. Gallington was Legal Adviser for Intelligence Oversight in the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD), where he monitored and formally inspected all DOD 4

5 intelligence operations and activities, including all NSA Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) and Communications Security (COMSEC) operations, all DOD counterintelligence activities, and all DOD intelligence relationships with other agencies for compliance with laws, executive orders, and regulations. Mr. Gallington was also a primary participant in the review and revision of DOD Directive R, pertaining to the handling and protection of US Person information. From1988 to 1990, Mr. Gallington served as Executive Director of the Defense Policy Board (DPB), a group of distinguished senior national security policy leaders serving as personal policy advisors [essentially an in-house think tank ] for Secretaries of Defense Frank Carlucci and Richard Cheney. Mr. Gallington directed and focused the Board's studies on U.S. strategic force structure, the disintegration of the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact, the reunification of Germany and resulting conventional force realignments. From 1985 through 1988, Mr. Gallington served through eleven rounds of intense bilateral negotiations in Geneva as Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger s personal Representative (SECDEFREP) and Member of the U.S. Delegation to the Nuclear and Space Talks (NST) with the (former) Soviet Union. During this critical Cold War period, he was recognized as instrumental in protecting the various high technology deployment options for President Reagan s Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), both in negotiations with the Soviets and in spirited discussions within the US inter-agency process. Many foreign affairs experts believe the SDI program accelerated the implosion of the former Soviet Union, thus ending the Cold War. From 1982 to 1985, he was Senior Defense Adviser to Multilateral Arms Control Negotiations, including the United Nations Conference on Disarmament (UNCD) in Geneva, the Environmental Modification Treaty (ENMOD) review, the U.N. Conference on the Indian Ocean as a Zone of Peace (IZOP) and the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) review. During this period, Mr. Gallington was the DOD Representative to the National Security Council s Subgroup for Nuclear Export 5

6 Coordination (SNCC); this panel evaluated all controlled nuclear related export applications in accordance with US law and policy. A former Air Force Officer and Judge Advocate, Mr. Gallington served active duty tours in Europe, Asia, the Pacific and with the former Strategic Air Command (SAC). Mr. Gallington received two awards of the Defense Superior Service Medal, the Legion of Merit, the Joint Meritorious Service Medal, three awards of the Air Force Meritorious Service Medal, the Joint Service Commendation Medal, two awards of the Air Force Commendation Medal, the Chinese Remembrance Medal and the Air Force Recognition Ribbon. He is a recipient of the Department of the Air Force Albert M. Kuhfeld Award. Mr. Gallington received the B.S. degree (Finance & Insurance) from the University of Illinois, the J.D. degree from the University of Illinois College of Law and the LL.M degree (International Law) from the University of Michigan Law School He is a Distinguished Graduate of the Air Command and Staff College resident program, and a resident graduate of the Air War College, where he wrote his thesis on the Logistic support of foreign military forces: Legislative and legal aspects. While in law school, Gallington wrote the first comprehensive law review article on the disciplinary treatment and court access of lawfully incarcerated prisoners: Gallington, Prison Disciplinary Decisions, 60 J. Crim. L. Criminology & Police Sci. 152 (1969). He is married to Debbie A. Gallington, a Senior Research Project Manager at The George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. He has two grown children and they have a college age daughter. [November 2015]. 6