The Law Firms Working Group BIBLIOGRAPHY ON LAW FIRMS AND GENDER

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1 The Law Firms Working Group BIBLIOGRAPHY ON LAW FIRMS AND GENDER KEITH BUCKLEY Associate Librarian and Lecturer in Law M.L.S., 1980, J.D., 1989, Indiana University June 2006 Updated: March 2008 This bibliography compiles books and articles that discuss gender and the legal profession. Subsections are provided for articles related to women of color, women in law schools, and women in the judiciary.

2 THE LEGAL PROFESSION: LAW FIRMS & GENDER BOOKS: American Bar Association. (1993). The Woman Advocate: a Special Conference. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall Law & Business. American Bar Association. (1994). The Woman Business Lawyer Conference. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall Law & Business. American Bar Association. (1995). Basic Facts from Women in the Law: a Look at the Numbers. Chicago: American Bar Association, Commission on Women in the Profession. American Bar Association. (1995). Unfinished Business: Overcoming the Sisyphus Factor: A Report on the Status of Women in the Legal Profession. Chicago, IL: American Bar Association Commission on Women in the Profession. American Bar Association. (1996). Elusive Equality: the Experiences of Women in Legal Education: Executive Summary and Recommendations. Chicago: American Bar Association, Commission on Women in the Profession. American Bar Association. (2003). Empowerment and Leadership: Tried and True Methods for Women Lawyers. Chicago: American Bar Association. American Bar Association (2006). A Current Glance at Women in the Law. Chicago: Commission on Women in the Legal Profession, American Bar Association. Backhouse, C. (1991). Petticoats and Prejudice: Women and Law in Nineteenth Century Canada. Toronto: Women s Press, for the Osgoode Society. Ballard, N. (1998). Equal Engagement: Observations on Career Success and Meanings in the Lives of Women Lawyers. Wellesley, MA : Wellesley College, Center for Research on Women. Blassberg, F. J. & Scheindlin, S. A. (1994). Facing the 90s as a Woman Lawyer in Corporate and Litigation Practices: Mastering Substantive and Strategic Skills: a Satellite Program. New York: Practicing Law Institute. Brockman, J. (2001). Gender in the Legal Profession: Fitting or Breaking the Mould. Vancouver: UBC Press. Canadian Bar Association Task force on Gender Equality in the Legal Profession. (1993). 2

3 Touchstones for Change: Equality, Diversity and Accountability. Ottawa: Canadian Bar Association. Catalyst, Inc. (2001). Women in Law: Making the Case. New York; Toronto: Catalyst, Inc. Curran, B. A. (1995). Women in the Law: A Look at the Numbers. Chicago, IL: ABA Commission on Women in the Profession. Drachman, V. G. (1998). Sisters in Law : Women Lawyers in Modern American History. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. English, H. (2003). Gender on trial :sexual stereotypes and work/life balance in the legal workplace. New York: ALM Publishing. Epstein, C. F. (1993). Women in Law. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. Epstein, P. H. (2004). Women-at-Law: Lessons Learned Along the Pathways to Success. Chicago, Ill.: ABA Law Practice Management Section. Greene, A. B. & Snyder, J. M. (1993). The Woman Advocate. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall Law & Business. Grubner, J. L. (1993). The Last Frontiers: Women Lawyers as Rainmakers. Chicago: American Bar Association. Hagan, J. & Kay, F. (1995). Gender in Practice: A Study of Lawyers Lives. New York: Oxford University Press. Harrington, M. (1994). Women Lawyers : Rewriting the Rules. New York: A.A. Knopf. Harrington, M. (1995). Women Lawyers : Rewriting the Rules. New York: Plume. Hull, K. & Nelson, R. L. (1997). Gendered Career Paths in Law: Recent Evidence From a Survey of Urban Lawyers. Chicago: American Bar Foundation. Jack, R. & Jack, D. (1989). Moral Vision and Professional Decisions: The Changing Values of Women and Men Lawyers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Jacobs, J. (1989). Revolving Doors: Sex Segregation and Women s Careers. Stanford: Stanford University Press. James, E. J. & Tchen, C. M. (1995). The Woman Advocate '95. Sponsored by the Section of Litigation of the American Bar Association and Aspen Law & Business. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : 3

4 Aspen Law & Business. Kay, F.M., Masuch, C. & Curry, P. (2004) Diversity and Change: The Contemporary Legal Profession in Ontario. Toronto: The Law Society of Upper Canada. Laband, D.N. & Lentz, B.F. (1995). Sex Discrimination in the Legal Profession. Westport, CT: Quorum Books. Leiper, J.M. (2006). Bar Codes: Women in the Legal Profession. Vancouver: UBC Press. Lentz, B. F. & Laband, D. N. (1995). Sex Discrimination in the Legal Profession. Westport, Conn.: Quorum Books. Martin, S.E. & Jurik, N.C. (1996). Doing Justice, Doing Gender: Women in Law and Criminal Justice Occupations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Mossman, M.J. (2006). The First Women Lawyers: A Comparative Study of Gender, Law and the Legal Professions. Portland: Hart. National Association for Law Placement. (2007). Minority Women Still Underrepresented in Law Firm Partnership Ranks - Change in Diversity of Law Firm Leadership Very Slow Overall. Washington: National Association of Law Placement. Nossel, S. A. & Westfall, L. (1995). Presumed Equal: What America s Top Women Lawyers Really Think About Their Firms. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Women's Law Association. Nossel, S. & Westfall, E. (1998). Presumed Equal: What America s Top Women Lawyers Really Think About Their Firms. Franklin Lakes, NJ: Career Press. Pierce, J.L. (1995). Gender Trials: Emotional Lives in Contemporary Law Firms. Berkeley: University of California Press. Pigott, J. D. & Jones, S. (2004). Walking the Talk: Creating a Law Firm Culture Where Women Succeed. Chicago: American Bar Association, Commission on Women in the Profession. Ramo, R. C. & Grubner, J. L. (1993). The Last Frontier: Women Lawyers as Rainmakers. Chicago, Ill.: American Bar Association, Section of Law Practice Management. Reskin, B.F. & Roos, P.A. (1990). Job Queues and Gender Queues. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Rhode, D. L. (2001). The unfinished agenda : women and the legal profession. Chicago: American Bar Association Commission on Women in the Profession. 4

5 Rikleen, L. S. (2006). Ending the Gauntlet: Removing Barriers to Women's Success in the Law. [S.l.]: Thomson/Legalworks. Snyder, J. M. & Greene, A. B. (1995). The Woman Advocate: Excelling in the 90's. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall Law & Business. Snyder, J. M. & Greene, A. B. (1996). The Woman Advocate. Chicago: Section of Litigation, American Bar Association. Sommerlad, H. & Sanderson, P. (1998). Gender, Choice and Commitment: Women Solicitors in England and Wales and the Struggle for Equal Status. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate Dartmouth. Thornton, M. (1996). Dissonance and Distrust: Women in the Legal Profession. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. Tucker, M. & Niedzielko, G. A. (1994). Options and Obstacles: A Survey of the Studies of the Careers of Women Lawyers. Chicago: American Bar Association, Commission on Women in the Profession. Washington, C. D. (1990). Factors Affecting the Need for Achievement: a Case Study of Five Black Women Lawyers. Unpublished dissertation, George Washington University, School of Education. Wilder, G.Z. (2007). Women in the Legal Profession: Findings from the First Wave of the After the JD Study. National Association for Law Placement. Washington: NALP. ARTICLES: Abella, R. (1990). Women in the legal profession. The Advocate, 48(3), Abrams, K. & McAffee, T. B. (1990). Hiring women. (includes response) (Symposium: Gender Bias in Legal Education). Southern Illinois University Law Journal, 14, Allen, L. (1990). Women in the ABA: a time for leadership. Human Rights, 17, 5-6. Anleu, S. L. R. (1992). Recruitment practice and women lawyers' employment: an examination of in-house legal departments in the United States. Sociology, 26, Aynes, R. L. (1999). Bradwell v. Illinois: Chief Justice Chase's dissent and the sphere of women's work. Louisiana Law Review, 59(2), Bacik, I. & Drew, E. (2006). Struggling with juggling: Gender and work/life balance in the legal professions. Women's Studies International Forum, 29(2),

6 Bailey, C. (2001). The illusion of truth. (social and metaphysical aspects of becoming an attorney). The Legal Studies Forum, 25(3-4), Baker, J. G. (2002). The influx of women into legal professions: an economic analysis. Monthly Labor Review, 125(8), Baker, J. G. (2003). Glass Ceilings or Sticky Floors? A Model of High-Income Law Graduates. Journal of Labor Research, 24(4), Barnett, M. W. (1990). Women practicing law: changes in attitudes, changes in platitudes. (Women and the Law: Goals for the 1990s). Florida Law Review, 42(1), Bartow, A. (2005). Some dumb girl syndrome: challenging and subverting destructive stereotypes of female attorneys. (2004 Symposium Issue: Attrition of Women from the Legal Profession). William & Mary Journal of Women and the Law, 11(2), Basik, I. & Drew, E. (2006). Struggling with juggling: gender and work/life balance in the legal professions. Women s Studies International Forum, 29, Beckman, C. M., et al. (2005). Interorganizational Determinants of Promotion: Client Leadership and the Attainment of Women Attorneys. American Sociological Review, 70(4), Benke, N. (1995). Women in the courts: an old thorn in men s sides. Michigan Journal of Gender & Law, 3, Berger, B. (2000). Prisoners of liberation: a psychoanalytic perspective on disenchantment and burnout among career women lawyers. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 56(5), Berger, M. J. & Robinson, K. A. (1998). Gender bias in the American Bar Association Journal: impact on the legal profession. Wisconsin Women's Law Journal, 13(1), Bisom-Rapp, S. (1996). Scripting reality in the legal workplace: women lawyers, litigation prevention measures and the limits of anti-discrimination law. Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, 6, Bogoch, B. (1997). Gendered lawyering: difference and dominance in lawyer-client interaction. Law & Society Review, 31(4), Bogoch, B. (1999). Courtroom discourse and the gendered construction of professional identity. Law and Social Inquiry, 24(2), Bogoch, B. (2003). Lawyers in the courtroom: Gender, trials and professional performance in Israel. In Women in the World s Legal Professions, eds. U. Schultz, G. Shaw, pp , 6

7 Portland: Oxford Hart Publishing. Bonehard, J. (2006). Les femmes dans la profession juridique: Le role des barreaux. In Calling for Change: Women, law, and the Legal Profession, eds. E. Sheehy & S. McIntyre, pp Ottawa: The University of Ottawa Press. Bookspan, P. T. (1995). A delicate imablance family and work. Texas Journal of Women & the Law, 5, 37-. Bowers, A. (2000). Women at the University of Texas law school: A call to action. Texas Journal of Women and the Law, 9, Bowman, C. G. & Schneider, E. M. (1998). Feminist legal theory, feminist lawmaking, and the legal profession. (Symposium: The Legal Profession: The Impact of Law and Legal Theory). Fordham Law Review, 67(2), Branch, K. (1994). Note. Are women worth as much as men?: employment, inequities, gender roles, and public policy. Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy, 1, Brockman, J. (1992). Gender bias in the legal profession: A survey of members of the Law Society of British Columbia. Queen s Law Journal, 17, Brockman, J. (1992). Resistance by the club to the feminization of the legal profession. Canadian Journal of Law and Society, 7(2), Brockman, J. (1992). Bias in legal profession: Perceptions and experiences. Alberta Law Review, 3(3), Brockman, J. (1994). Leaving the practice of law: The wherefores and the whys. Alberta Law Review, 32(1), Brockman, J. (1997). The use of sel-regulation to curb discrimination and sexual harassment in the legal profession. Osgood Hall Law Journal, 35(20), Brockman, J. (2000). A wild feminist at her raving best: Reflections on studying gender bias in the legal profession. Resources for Feminist Research, 28(1), Brockman, J. & Chunn, D.E. (2002). A new order of things : Women s entry into the legal profession in British Columbia. The Advocate, 60, Brockman, J. (2006). An update on gender and diversity in the legal profession in Alberta, In Calling for Change: Women, Law, and the Legal Profession, eds. E. Sheehy & S. McIntyre. Ottawa: The University of Ottawa Press. 7

8 Brown, F. (1999). Sisters in Law: Women Lawyers in Modern American History. Labour History Review, 64(3), Brown, M. R. (1996). Gender discrimination in the Supreme Court s clerkship selection process. Oregon Law Review, 75, Buckley, M. (2006). The second decade: The role of the Canadian Bar Association in implementing the touchstones report. In Calling for Change: Women, Law, and the Legal Profession, eds. E. Sheehy & S. McIntyre, pp Ottawa: The University of Ottawa Press. Burton, E. B. (1996). More glass ceilings than open doors: women as outsiders in the legal profession. (response to Epstein, C. F. (1995). Fordham Law Review, 64, 291). Fordham Law Review, 65(2), Burton, L. et al. (1991). Feminist theory, professional ethics, and gender-related distinctions in attorney negotiating styles. Journal of Dispute Resolution, 1991, Cahn, N. R. (1991). Defining feminist litigation. Harvard Women's Law Journal, 14, Cahn, N. R. (1992). Styles of lawyering. (Theoretics of Practice: The Integration of Progressive Thought and Action). Hastings Law Journal, 43(4), Campbell, E., Pierre-Trettel, D., Koenig, H., Pfeifer, J. E., Wolfe, D., & Harper, K. G. (1992). Gender and presentational style: when the verdict of a trial is unaffected by an attorney's personal characteristics and behavior, justice is served. Washburn Law Journal, 31(3), Caplow, S. (1999).Still in the dark: disappointing images of women lawyers in the movies. Women's Rights Law Reporter, 20(2-3), Caplow, S. & Scheindlin, S. A. (1990). 'Portrait of a lady': the woman lawyer in the 1980s. (includes questionnaire) (Symposium on Women in the Lawyering Workplace: Feminist Considerations and Practical Solutions). New York Law School Law Review, 35(2), Chambers, D.L. (1989). Accommodation and satisfaction: Women and men lawyers and the balance of work and family. Law & Social Inquiry, 14, Chambliss, E. & Uggen, C. (2000). Men and women of elite law firms: Reevaluating Kanter s Legacy. Law & Social Inquiry, 25, Chiu, C. & Leicht, K. (1998). Do professional women have lower job satisfaction than professional men? Lawyers as a case study. Sex Roles, 38(7), Chiu, C., et. al. (1999). How does feminization increase equality? The case of lawyers. Law & 8

9 Society Review, 33(3), Cohen, L.E., Broschak, J.P, & Haveman, H.A. (1998). And then there were more? The effect of organizational sex composition on the hiring and promotion of managers. American Sociological Review, 63, Coleman III, S. W. (2001). Gender Bias Task Force: comments on courtroom environment. (Colloquium: Gender Bias in the Courts of the Commonwealth of Virginia). Washington and Lee Law Review, 58(3), Collett, T. S. (1996). To be a professing woman. (Faith and the Law Symposium). Texas Tech Law Review, 27(3), Cook, C., et. al. (1998). The impact of organizational form on gendered labour markets in engineering and law. The Sociological Review, 46(2), Cook, E. A. (2000). Shining lights at the bar: Shakespeare's Portia as a model for female attorneys. Cumberland Law Review, 30(3), Cooney, T.M. & Uhlenberg, P. (1989). Family building patterns of professional women: A comparison of lawyers, physicians, and postsecondary teachers. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 51, Coontz, P. D. (1995). Gender bias in the legal profession: women "see" it, men don't. Women & Politics, 15(2), Corcos, C. A. (1998). Portia and her partners in popular culture: a bibliography. The Legal Studies Forum, 22(1-3), Corcos, C. A. (2003). "We don't want advantages" the woman lawyer hero and her quest for power in popular culture. (Law and Humanities: Symposium on the Image of Law(yers) in Popular Culture). Syracuse Law Review, 53(4), Costello, C. Y. (2004). Changing Clothes: Gender Inequality and Professional Socialization. NWSA Journal, 16( 2), Costello, M. A. (1997). Women in the legal profession: you've come a long way - or have you? Detroit College of Law at Michigan State University Law Review, 3, Craver, C. B. (1990). The impact of gender on clinical negotiating achievement. Ohio State Journal on Dispute Resolution, 6(1), Cunningham, K. (2001). Father time: Flexible work arrangements and the law firm s failure of 9

10 the family. Stanford Law Review, 53(4), Decker, A. E. (1996). Women in corporate law: rewriting the rules. American University Journal of Gender and the Law, 4(2), Dixon, J. (1995). Stratification in the legal profession: sex, sector, and salary. Law & Society Review, 29(3), Dixon, J., et. al. (1995). Stratification in the legal profession: sex, sector, and salary. Law & Society Review, 29(3), Donovan, K. (1990). Women associates' advancement to partner status in private law firms. (Symposium on Gender and Legal Ethics). Georgetown Journal of Legal Ethics, 4(1), Dowd, N. E. (2000). Resisting essentialism and hierarchy; a critique of work/family strategies for woman lawyers. Harvard Blackletter Law Journal Spring, 16, Drachman, V. G. (1992). Entering the male domain: women lawyers in the courtroom in modern American history. Massachusetts Law Review, 77(1), 44-. Drachman, V. G. (1995). The new woman lawyer and the challenge of sexual equality in early twentieth-century America. (Symposium: Then, Now and into the Future, A Century of Legal Conflict and Development). Indiana Law Review, 28(2), Eastman, K. (2004). Sex discrimination in the legal profession. The University of New South Wales Law Journal, 27(3), Epstein, C. F. (1983). Comment: Epstein responds to Menkel-Meadow s review essay on women in law. American Bar Foundation Research Journal, 8(4), Epstein, C. F. (1990). Faulty framework: consequences of the difference model for women in the law. (Symposium on Women in the Lawyering Workplace: Feminist Considerations and Practical Solutions). New York Law School Law Review, 35(2), Epstein, C. F. (2001). Women in the legal profession at the turn of the twenty-first century: assessing glass ceilings and open floors. (Women and the Legal Profession: The Past and the Future). University of Kansas Law Review, 49(4), Epstein, C. F., Saute, R., Olgensky, B., & Gever, M. (1995). Glass ceilings and open doors: women's advancement in the legal profession. (A Report to the Committee on Women in the Profession: The Association of the Bar of the City of New York). Fordham Law Review, 64(2),

11 Ely, R. J. (1994). The effects of organizational demographics and social identity on relationships among professional women. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39, Farrer, N. L. (1997). Of ivory columns and glass ceilings: the impact of the Supreme Court of the United States on the practice of women attorneys in law firms. St. Mary's Law Journal, 28(2), Fineman, M. A. (1998). The new "tokenism". (Women Making Waves: A Celebration of 25 Years of Women at Vermont Law School). Vermont Law Review, 23(2), Foot, D.K. & Stager, D.A.A. (1989). Intertemporal market effect on gender earnings differentials: Lawyers in Canada, Applied Economics, 21, Foster, S. E. (1995). The glass ceiling in the legal profession: why do law firms still have so few female partners? (Case Note). UCLA Law Review, 42(6), French, S. (2000). Of problems, pitfalls and possibilities: a comprehensive look at female attorneys and law firm partnership. Women's Rights Law Reporter, 21(3), Freyer, J. A. (1995). Litigators in search of a care-oriented judicial system. American University Journal of Gender and the Law, 4(1) Gellis, A.J. (1991). Great expectations: women in the legal profession, a commentary on state studies. (Indiana). Indiana Law Journal, 66(4), Giesel, G. M. (1993). The business client is a woman: the effect of women as in-house counsel on women in law firms and the legal profession. Nebraska Law Review, 72(3), Gillers, S. (1990). The case of Jane Loring-Kraft: parent, lawyer. (Symposium on Gender and Legal Ethics). Georgetown Journal of Legal Ethics, 4(1), Ginsburg, R. B. (1994). Remarks for California Women Lawyers, September 22, (Transcript). Pepperdine Law Review, 22(1), 1-5. Ginsburg, R.B. (1994). The progression of women in the law (includes bibliography of Ruth Bader Ginsburg's publications, decisions and petitions) (First Women: The Contribution of American Women to the Law). Valparaiso University Law Review, 28(4), Ginsburg, R.B. (1996). Report of the Special Committee on Gender to the D.C. Circuit Task Force on Gender, Race, and Ethnic Bias. Georgetown Law Journal, 84(5), Ginsburg, R.B. (1997). Remarks on women's progress in the legal profession in the United States. (Transcript). Tulsa Law Journal, 33(1),

12 Ginsburg, R.B. (U.S. Supreme Court Justice). (2002). Foreword. (Symposium: Women, Justice, and Authority). Yale Journal of Law and Feminism, 14(2), Glass, D. M. (1990). Portia in primetime: women lawyers, television, and L.A. Law. Yale Journal of Law and Feminism, 2(2), Glassman, C. D. (1998). Then and now: a perspective. (Law, Feminism & the Twenty-First Century). Maine Law Review, 50(2), Gorman, E. H. (2005). Gender Stereotypes, Same-Gender Preferences, and Organizational Variation in the Hiring of Women: Evidence from Law Firms. American Sociological Review, 70(4), Gross, J. (1996). Deliberations of mortals and the grace of God. (Faith and the Law Symposium). Texas Tech Law Review, 27(3), Haddon, P. A. (1999). All the difference in the world: listening and hearing the voices of women. Temple Political & Civil Rights Law Review, 8, Hagan, J. (1990). The gender stratification of income inequality among lawyers. Social Forces, 68, Hagan, J., et. al. (1991). Cultural capital, gender, and the structural transformation of legal practice [part of a special issue on gender and sociolegal studies]. Law & Society Review, 25(2), Hagan, J., Zatz, M., Arnold, B., & Kay, F. (1991). Cultural capital, gender, and the structural transformation of legal practice. (Special Issue on Gender and Sociolegal Studies). Law & Society Review, 25(2), Hagan, J. & Kay, F.M. (2007). Even lawyers get the blues: Gender, depression, and job satisfaction in legal practice. Law & Society Review, 41(1): Hall, D.L. (1995). Job satisfaction among male and female public defense attorneys. The Justice System Journal, 18(2), Harrington, M. (1998). The care/equality paradox for women lawyers. (Women Making Waves: A Celebration of 25 Years of Women at Vermont Law School). Vermont Law Review, 23(2), Harvard Law Review. (1996). Why firms cannot afford to maintain the mommy track. (law firms). Harvard Law Review, 109(6),

13 Hatamyar, P. W. & Simmons, K. M. (2004). Are women more ethical lawyers? An empirical study. (Oklahoma). Florida State University Law Review, 31(4), Holmes, D. K. (1990). Structural causes of dissatisfaction among large-firm attorneys: a feminist perspective. Women's Rights Law Reporter, 12(1), Holtzman, E. (1992). Women lawyers in the political arena. Women's Rights Law Reporter, 14(1), 1-7. Howarth, J. W. (2000). Woman defenders on television: representing suspects and racial politics of retribution. (Critical Race Feminism: Preparing Legal Thought for the 21st Century). Journal of Gender, Race and Justice, 3(2), Hull, K. E. (1999). The paradox of the contented female lawyer. Law & Society Review, 33(3), Hull, K.E. & Nelson, R. L. (1998). Gender Inequality in Law: Problems of Structure and Agency in Recent Studies of Gender in Anglo-American Legal Professions. Law & Social Inquiry, 23, 681. Hull, K. E., et. al. (2000). Assimilation, choice, or constraint? Testing theories of gender differences in the careers of lawyers. Social Forces, 79(1), Ietswaart, H.F.P. (2003). Choices in context: Life histories of women lawyers in the Netherlands. In Women in the World s Legal Professions, eds. U. Schultz & G. Shaw, pp Portland: Oxford Hart Publishing. Jackson, V. A. (1997). Women lawyers: rewriting the rules. Women's Rights Law Reporter, 19(1), Jones, M. (1999). And miles to go before I sleep: the road to gender equity in the California legal profession. University of San Francisco Law Review, 34(1), Jones, N. (2006). Emotional Trials: The Moral Dilemmas of Women Criminal Defense Attorneys. American Journal of Sociology, 111(4), Josephson, B. D. (1992). Women, law, and ethics. Western New England Law Review, 14(2), Joyner, S. (1998). A planetary survey of feminist jurisprudence: if men are from Mars and women are from Venus, where do lawyers come from? Tulsa Law Journal, 33(3-4), Kaminga, Y. & Westhoff, J. (2003). Women lawyers in Japan: Contradictory factors in status. In 13

14 Women in the World s Legal Professions, eds. U. Schultz & G. Shaw, pp Portland: Hart Publishing. Kanter, R.M. (1978). Reflections on women and the legal profession: A sociological perspective. Harvard s Women s Law Journal, 1(1), Karst, K. (1984). Woman s constitution. Duke Law Journal, 1984, Kay, F. M. (1997). Flight from law: a competing risks model of departures from law firms. Law & Society Review, 31(2), Kay, F. M. & Hagan, J. (2003). Building trust: social capital, distributive justice, and loyalty to the firm. Law and Social Inquiry, 28(2), Kay, F. M., et. al. (1995). The persistent glass ceiling: gendered inequalities in the earnings of lawyers. The British Journal of Sociology, 46, Kay, F. M. (1997). Flight from law: a competing risks model of departures from law firms. Law & Society Review, 31(2), Kay, F.M. (1997). Balancing acts: Career and family among lawyers. In Challenging the Public/Private Divide: Feminism, Law and Public Policy, ed. S.B. Boyd, pp Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Kay, F. M., et. al., (1998). Raising the bar: the gender stratification of law-firm capital. American Sociological Review, 63(5), Kay, F. M., et. al. (1999). Cultivating clients in the competition for partnership: gender and the organizational restructuring of law firms in the 1990s. Law & Society Review, 33(3), Kay, F.M. (2002). Crossroads to innovation and diversity: The careers of women laywers in Quebec. McGill Law Journal, 47(4), Kaye, J. S. (1996). Moving Mountains: A Comment on the Glass Ceilings and Open Doors Report.Fordham Law Review, 65, Kende, M. S. (1994). Shattering the glass ceiling: a legal theory for attacking discrimination against women partners. Hastings Law Journal, 46(1), Kim, H. (2003). Lee Tai-Young ( ): The pioneer woman lawyer of South Korea. In Women in the World s Legal Professions, eds. U. Schultz & G. Shaw, pp Portland: Hart Publishing. 14

15 Kinnear, M. (1992). That there woman lawyer : Women lawyers in Manitoba Canadian Journal of Women and the Law, 5(2): Kissinger, A. (1995). Rights and professional wrongs: a female lawyer's dilemma. Texas Law Review, 73(6), Klein, D. (1998). Ally McBeal and her sisters: a quantitative and qualitative analysis of representations of women lawyers on prime-time television. Loyola of Los Angeles Entertainment Law Journal, 18(2), Klein, J. D. (2005). Remarks. (gender and ethnic specialty bars)(women of the Courts Symposium). The University of Toledo Law Review, 36(4), Korzec, R. (1997). Working on the 'mommy-track': motherhood and women lawyers. Hastings Women's Law Journal, 8(1), Kuo, S.G. (2005). Rethinking the masculine character of the legal profession: A case study of female legal professionals and their gendered life in Taiwan. Journal of Gender, Social Policy and the Law, 13(1), Laband, D. N., et. al. (1993). Is there sex discrimination in the legal profession? further evidence on tangible and intangible margins. The Journal of Human Resources, 28, Laband, D. N., et. al. (1998). The effects of sexual harassment on job satisfaction, earnings, and turnover among female lawyers [data from the American Bar Association's National Survey of Career Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction]. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 51(4), Latourette, A. W. (2005). Sex discrimination in the legal profession: historical and contemporary perspectives. Valparaiso University Law Review, 39(4), Lavorato, C. L. & Lancaster, J. E. (2001). Whose balance is it, anyway? (priorities for women attorneys)(public Interest Law: Improving Access to Justice). William Mitchell Law Review, 28(1), Lee, K. A. & Morgan, E. (2004). Legal fictions and the moral imagination: female fictional lawyers encounter professional responsibility. William & Mary Journal of Women and the Law, 10(3), Leiper, J.M. (1997). It was like wow!: The experience of women lawyers in a profession marked by linear careers. Canadian Journal of Women and the law, 9, Liefland, L. (1986). Career patterns of male and female lawyers. Buffalo Law Review, 35,

16 Locke, S. S. (1995). Lawyer distress: A comment. Journal of Law & Health, 10(1), 87-. Lynch, D. R. (2000). Heightened sensitivity to conflict on the part of female criminal defenders: myth, reality, or hyperbole?. Women & Criminal Justice, 11(1), Madek, G. A. & O'Brien, C. N. (1990). Women denied partnerships: from Hishon to Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins. Hofstra Labor Law Journal, 7(2), Maiman, R. J., Mather, L., & McEwen, C. A. (1992). Gender and specialization in the practice of divorce law. Maine Law Review, 44(1), Manute, J. L. (2002). Lady lawyers: not an oxymoron. Tulsa Law Review, 38(1), Manute, J. L. (2002). Writings concerning women in the legal profession, (Bibliography). Tulsa Law Review, 38(1), Marciano, T.D. (1987). Underemployment, gender, and life course: Women attorneys and coping strategies for parenthood. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 7(4), Marek, J. G. (1999). The Practice and Ally McBeal: A New Image for Women Lawyers on Television? Journal of American Culture, 22(1), 77-. Marks, L. (1990). Alternative work schedules in law: it's about time! (Symposium on Women in the Lawyering Workplace: Feminist Considerations and Practical Solutions). New York Law School Law Review, 35(2), Mastro, S. (2001). Courtroom bias: gender discrimination against pregnant litigators. William & Mary Journal of Women and the Law, 8(1), Maute, J. L. (1992). Balanced lives in a stressful profession: an impossible dream? Capitol University Law Review, 21, McClure, A. L. & King, W. L. (1991). Female attorneys/male attorneys: the blurred image. Journal of the Legal Profession, 16, McConnell, J. (2002). Women in the law: changing the way courts do business. Thomas Jefferson Law Review Spring, 24(2), McManus, E. K. (2005). Intimidation and the culture of avoidance: gender issues and mentoring in law firm practice. (Professional Challenges in Large Firm Practices). Fordham Urban Law Journal, 33(1), Meier, J. (1990). Sexual harassment in law firms: Should attorneys be disciplined under the 16

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