SBO3 acntb s. NANOFORCE Next generation nano-engineered Polymer-Steel/CNT Hybrids. Lightweight and multi-functional. aligned Carbon Nanotube bundles

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1 NANOFORCE Next generation nano-engineered Polymer-Steel/CNT Hybrids SBO3 acntb s Lightweight and multi-functional aligned Carbon Nanotube bundles Jin Won (Maria) Seo User Committee Meeting Nanoforce, 7 December 2012

2 Project SBO3 acntb s introduction 1 what are carbon nanotubes (CNTs)? diameter: ~1 nm up to several tens of nm length: up to several cm number of walls: single-wall CNT multi-wall CNT

3 Project SBO3 acntb s introduction 2 why use CNTs: electrical conductivity (>10-7 /m), thermal conductivity (up to 3500W/mK) particularly interesting for structural composites: stiffness (up to 1TPa), strength (up to 60GPa), low density (~2g/cm 3 ) Multi-walled CNTs high aspect ratio Bundles of single-walled CNTs difficult to manipulate: strong van der Waals interaction between individual CNTs => bundles not soluble in water, solvents etc. difficult dispersion

4 Project SBO3 acntb s introduction 3 different shapes of CNTs: carpet or forest carpet in polymer in metal matrix in polymer matrix bundle (wet-spinning) grown on C-fibers grown inside pores

5 Project SBO3 acntb s introduction 4 different shapes of CNTs: carpet or forest Inoue et al., Carbon 24 (2011) 3749

6 Project SBO3 acntb s objectives 5 Objective of Nanoforce SBO 3 : CNT bundles assembly of individual nano-objects to micro- (meso-) objects background: wet spinning: e.g. Vigolo (Bordeaux) Vigolo et al., Science (2000) dry spinning: e.g. Csiro Australia, Dallas Huynh et al., Carbon (2011) Inoue et al., Carbon (2011) A. Windle s

7 Project SBO3 acntb s objectives 6 Objective of Nanoforce SBO 3 : CNT bundles background: dry spinning From a CNT carpet: Cambridge Alan Windle s route: Ethanol or hexane Ferrocene 2% Thiophene 0.3% Ferrocene decomposition Fe Particle formation CNTs formation and agglomeration e.g. Csiro Australia, Dallas Huynh et al., Carbon (2011) Inoue et al., Carbon (2011) Nanotube fibre collection limited in the length of CNTs due to gas obstruction Li et al., Science (2004)

8 Project SBO3 acntb s objectives 7 CNT bundles: State-of-the-Art Cambridge CNTs bundles obtained from gauge length 1-2 mm Cambridge Cambridge Cambridge Critical issues: -measured strength strongly dependent on the gauge length => presence of weak points Koziol et al, Science 2007

9 Project SBO3 acntb s approach 8 Main Challenges: Alignment of CNTs => higher stiffness Absence of catalysts => no structural weak points Length => higher toughness Behabtu et al, Nanotoday 2007

10 Project SBO3 acntb s approach 9 Background CNT growth via CVD process: simple process: conventional CVD process: root-growth tip-growth support catalyst particle C-containing gas Inert gas (N2, Ar,..) C complex growth: Growth parameters: - catalyst (Fe, Ni, Co, binary systems,...) - support (Si, Al 2 O 3, TiN, TiO 2, CaCO 3...) - C-containing gas (C 2 H 2, C 2 H 4, CH 4...) - growth temperature, carrying gas... - H 2 pretreatment - growth enhancers (H 2 O, CO 2,...)

11 Project SBO3 acntb s approach 10 Main problem: root-growth tip-growth limited access to the reaction gas support catalyst particle inferior structural properties SBO3 approach: reaction gas porous substrate

12 Project SBO3 acntb s approach 11 SBO3 s CVD process: CVD set up at KU Leuven-MTM gas inlet quartz tube oven C-containing gas Inert gas (N2, Ar,..) CVD set up at KU Leuven-COK

13 Project SBO3 acntb s approach 12 The SBO3 approach: current status -> proof of principle reaction gas porous substrate patent filing in preparation CNTs grown using porous substrates 5 µm proof of principle

14 The SBO3 project team 13 KUL 1 : MTM-SIEM (functional materials group) KUL 2 : MTM-SCALINT (composite materials group) J.W. Seo Luis Gonzalez-Urbina Huyen Quyen Le I. Verpoest L. Gorbatikh S. Lomov KUL 3 : M 2 S-COK (centre of surface chemistry and catalysis) B. Sels Filip De Clippel KUL 4 : Chemistry-MDS (molecular design and synthesis) M. Smet UA-EMAT : S. Bals Mert Kurttepeli

15 Project team organization 14 SBO1 Catalyst Engineering (KUL4) SBO2 Characterization (UA) Composites Fabrication & Characterization (KUL2) Synthesis & Processing (KUL1 + KUL3) IBO1 IBO2 Phase 1 Phase 2 after go-no go decision in 2013

16 Project SBO3 acntb s approach 15 Aim: the development of the basic science and processing concepts for making aligned acntb s acntb s with comparable stiffness as carbon fibres, strongly improved toughness => high inherent strains to failure Innovative novel route: synthesis and extraction combined into one single, continuous process

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