The FBI Cyber Program. Bauer Advising Symposium //UNCLASSIFIED

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1 The FBI Cyber Program Bauer Advising Symposium October 11, 2012

2 Today s Agenda What is the threat? Who are the adversaries? How are they attacking you? What can the FBI do to help? What can you do to stop it?

3 About the FBI *56 field offices *400 satellite offices *45 legat offices *12,000 Special Agents *16,000 specialized support personnel * Investigate 300 federal violations

4 FBI Priorities In executing the following priorities, we will produce and use intelligence to protect the nation from threats and to bring to justice those who violate the law. FBI Director Robert Mueller 1. Protect the United States from terrorist attack 2. Protect the United States against foreign intelligence operations and espionage 3. Protect the United States against cyber-based attacks and high-technology crimes 4. Combat public corruption at all levels 5. Protect civil rights 6. Combat transnational/national criminal organizations and enterprises 7. Combat major white-collar crime 8. Combat significant violent crime 9. Support federal, state, local and international partners 10. Upgrade technology to successfully perform the FBI's mission

5 FBI Cyber Division Mission: -Identify and disrupt the most significant individuals, groups, and foreign powers conducting computer intrusions, the disseminating of malicious code, or other nefarious computer supported network operations. -Identify and disrupt online predators or groups that sexually exploit and endanger children for personal or financial gain. -Identify and disrupt operations targeting U.S. Intellectual Property. -Identify and disrupt the most significant perpetrators of Internet fraud.

6 The Cyber Environment Never Stops Accelerating, Evolving, and Expanding 1995: 16 million Internet users

7 The Cyber Environment Never Stops Accelerating, Evolving, and Expanding 2011: More than 2 billion Internet users (World population approx: 6.9 billion)

8 In The News Click to edit the outline text format CBSNews.com May 23,2012 Second Outline Level Bloomberg.com January 31, 2012 Third Outline Level Fourth Outline Level Fifth Outline Level Sixth Outline Level Seventh Outline Level Eighth Outline Level Ninth Outline LevelClick to edit Master text styles FBI fighting two-front war on growing enemy cyber-espionage

9 In The News CBSNews.com May 23,2012 FBI fighting two-front war on growing enemy cyber-espionage Bloomberg.com January 31, 2012 China-Based Hackers Target Law Firms to Get Secret Deal Data So far In 2012, $13 billion in trade secrets have been reported lost

10 Cyber Attacks What are the Potential Impacts? - Compromise of personally identifiable information - Theft of sensitive information - Theft of credentials - Loss of operational capability - Negative public perceptions

11 What is the Threat? The Internet is a system built on the trust that users, data, and applications on the network know and trust each other. Intrusions are accomplished by circumventing these methods of trust.

12 Threat Level 1 Inexperienced Limited funding Opportunistic behavior Target known vulnerabilities Use viruses, worms, rudimentary trojans, bots In it for thrills, bragging rights Easily detected Who are the Adversaries? Sophistication of Intrusions Threat Level 2 Higher order skills Well-financed Target known vulnerabilities Use viruses, worms, trojans, bots to introduce more sophisticated tools Target and exploit valuable data Detectable, but hard to attribute Threat Level 3 Very sophisticated tradecraft Foreign Intel Agencies Very well financed Target technology as well as info Use wide range of tradecraft Establish covert presence on sensitive networks Undetectable? SECRET//NOFORN

13 Who are the Adversaries? Chinese actors are the world s most active & persistent perpetrators of economic espionage. U.S. private sector firms and cyber security specialists have reported an onslaught of computer network intrusions that have originated in China. The governments of China and Russia will remain aggressive and capable collectors of sensitive U.S. economic information and technologies, particularly in cyberspace. China includes Hong Kong and Singapore Foreign Spies Stealing US Economic Secrets in Cyberspace Office of the Director of National Intelligence Published: October

14 How are they attacking us? The New Spy Network: The exploitation of Trust The trusted incoming . The publicly available trusted web site of appropriate business interest. The download of trusted code from a trusted and authorized vendor. The trusted protocols for data transfer. The trusted external client server. The inherent trust of the internal corporate network.

15 How are they attacking us? Phishing/Spear-phishing contains attachment with malicious code which recipient is likely to open is made to appear to be sent from a trusted source in some cases from the actual mail server of a legitimate client. Documents (.doc,.xls,.mdb, etc.) in have secretly embedded malicious code. addresses are cultivated via open source research (Facebook, Google, online conference attendee lists), or from previous intrusions

16 How are they attacking us? Advanced Persistent Threat Sophisticated and organized cyber attack to access and steal information from compromised computers Usual targets: Defense industry, financial industry, manufacturing and research industry Difference between criminal hackers and APT hackers: APT depends on persistence and has greater access to resources APT uses tools that are less noisy and circumvents anti-virus APT attacks can last several years without detection Stages of an APT attack 1. Network Reconnaissance 2. Intrusion into the network 3. Establishing a backdoor 4. Obtaining user credentials 5. Installing multiple utilities 6. Privilege escalation & data exfiltration 7. Maintaining persistence

17 We ve Contacted the FBI now what?

18 Typical FBI Response - Interview key personnel to understand nature, scope, and impact of incident. - Identify & isolate compromised systems. - On-scene forensic imaging of compromised systems. - Obtain all relevant logs & related evidence. - If at all possible, we will do all imaging on site and leave all of your equipment with you.

19 Typical FBI Response Ongoing Intrusions - Conduct live response on compromised computers with trusted software tools - Network traffic monitoring of compromised systems - On-scene forensic imaging of compromised systems

20 What Happens Next? FBI Investigation continues Depending on legal tools utilized, some information about the incident may be included in court documents (e.g. SW affidavit). These documents are typically sealed until an arrest is made but eventually do become public record. Sometimes these investigations move very quickly and sometimes they are more long-term. Once a subject is identified he/she will typically be charged in Federal District Court. If the subject is outside the United States, we will work with the appropriate foreign law enforcement agency to attempt to bring him/her to justice.

21 What can the FBI do to help? FBI Cyber Strategy Proactive Investigations and Intelligence-gathering Operations Partnerships with private sector, Intelligence Community, and domestic/international law enforcement agencies.

22 What can the FBI do to help? Monitor Hop-point / End-point (s) Data analysis IP address tracking Identify and locate the subject Analyze malicious code and provide signatures Work with foreign law enforcement partners Identify and retrieve any exfiltrated data

23 What can the FBI do to help? The FBI Does Not: Take over your systems Repair your systems Share your proprietary and confidential information with competitors Provide any information to the media

24 What can you do to stop it? after a Cyber Attack When an attack occurs Follow your emergency plan and start protecting your data! Call the FBI to help preserve evidence Your Organization s Cyber Response: Preserve original media as evidence Conduct analysis from a copy (if possible) Review ALL logs (DNS, Firewall, Proxy, System Event Logs) Contact ISP for additional logs and possible filtering Begin damage assessment (including damage valuation)

25 What can you do to stop it? Your Cyber Attack Packing List: Point of Contact for Legal, Technical and Project Management Legal Banner/Computer Use Agreement Employee Handbook/Corporate Policies Network Topography Maps Internal and External IP address and Host lists List of Network Devices (switches, routers, other devices) Incident Logs (Security, Host, IDS, Web, Database, Network) Archived Network Traffic Forensic Images of Compromised Hosts (live memory captures) Physical Access logs (video cameras, key cards, TFA devices)

26 What can you do to stop it? An Ounce of Prevention Know your legal agreements with users and partner companies Make sure your IT Staff and Managing Partners are talking regularly Segment your networks (Finance vs. HR/Payroll vs. Case Work) Segment your authentication Two Factor Authentication Application Security Security vs. Productivity Who s monitoring the monitors? Remember: Any network link is a potential intrusion vector Have at least 2 to 3 IT staff members trained in cyber incident response Contact FBI as soon as an intrusion is identified Will Save You Millions

27 Objectives: Cyber Strategic Partnership Program Raise awareness of the FBI s cyber capabilities and priorities. Establish, develop and maintain public/private sector partnerships. Add value to organizations by serving as a useful resource.

28 Cyber Strategic Partnership Program Incidents the FBI can assist with: Computer intrusions: State sponsored Criminal Denial of service attacks (overloading networks, impairment of equipment, destruction of data, significant spamming, etc). Activity involving theft or alteration of data and/or intellectual property. Botnet / worm activity inside your network. Phishing sites hosted in your environment.

29 Special Agent Patrick M Geahan FBI Chicago Patrick.geahan@ic.fbi.gov (312) Questions? Chicago Field Office Federal Bureau of Investigation June 14, 2012

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