Knowledge-based policy making

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1 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, Knowledge-based policy making Prof. Dr Leen Hordijk Director, Institute for Environment and Sustainability Joint Research Centre European Commission

2 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, Some of the big challenges we are facing today

3 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh,

4 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh,

5 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh,

6 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh,

7 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh,

8 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, What are the policy options? How can we assess these options and understand their impact on the future states of our economic, social, technological, and natural environments?

9 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, Projections are difficult 1972 Limits to Growth report to the Club of Rome: At the exponential growth rates the authors expected to occur, known world supplies of zinc, gold, tin, copper, oil, and natural gas would be completely exhausted in Wrong assumptions Oversimplified models

10 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, What the EC-JRC contributes

11 JRC inside the European Commission INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh,

12 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh,

13 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, Implementing the JRC Mission in the Policy Cycle Policy anticipation Policy evaluation Effectiveness and impact assessment Ad-hoc policy support Agenda-setting Identification of emerging issues JRC Policy formulation Expert advice Policy adoption Crisis response Policy implementation Compliance checks Independent verification Anti-fraud measures Decision-making process Selection of programme options

14 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, JRC s contribution to Europe 2020 includes Innovation Union Information and Intelligence system Technological Transfer Offices Formalized links with national research organizations Knowledge transfer Impact assessments and anticipation Standardization Pre-normative research Harmonization The European Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Bureau

15 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, JRC policy priorities Energy Clean transport Agriculture and food security Environment and climate change Information and communication strategies, and Safety and security

16 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh,

17 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, Approach Integrated framework connecting drivers, pressures, state, impacts, and policy responses Address environment and society Analyse and balance options Deliver integrated impact assessments Economy Sustainable Management Society Environment

18 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, Typical issues related to integrated frameworks Gaps in data Difficulty in access due to different data policies Use of language (semantics) when describing data Lack of comparability due to different interpretation of the tasks in Member States, instrumentation, and methodologies Undocumented data quality leads to unmeasured uncertainty

19 Contribution to issues:legislation on the sharing of data and information INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, Technical coordination of the development and implementation of the INSPIRE Directive Support to the Global Earth Observation Data Sharing Principles technical implementation ( ) Technical support for a coherent evolution of INSPIRE, GEOSS and GMES data principles and practice

20 Contribution to issues: ICT-based data and information services INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, EU level ICT services for public access and exchange to environmental data European Data Centres on Soil and Forest INSPIRE Geoportal Natural Hazards Information System Environmental Marine Information System Global Disasters Alert and Coordination System ad many others.

21 Contribution to issues: "fitness-for-purpose" of information and data INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, EU level Guidelines and standardization of data (INSPIRE), and monitoring methods and tools (e.g. Air, Water, Soil ) Increased contribution to integrated assessment across the European Commission Research on new methods to gather information (quantitative and qualitative) from the bottom-up (crowdsourcing, citizens science) Air Quality monitoring Crowd Sourcing for forest fires Integrated Modelling

22 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, Examples

23 Integrated modelling platform for sustainability assessment INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, Integration of modelling tools Manufacturing and Retail Use Resource Extraction and Processing Footprints Goods and Services Re-use, Recycling, Energy Recovery, Disposal CO 2 Supporting the sustainable development strategy and other policies with composite indicators

24 Example: Analysis of the impact of climate change INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, Dynamic models of land-use Exposure Vulnerability Scenarios of land-use Socio-economic scenarios Bio-physical models (hydro, agro, soil...) Potential disasters Climate models Climate scenarios at high resolution Risks

25 Example: IES UN collaborations underpinning our policy support role INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, DG ENV DG CLIMA DG DEVCO UNCLRTAP UNFCCC UNCBD UNCCD air pollution climate change biodiversity desertification EMEP European Monitoring & Evaluation Programme IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change GCOS Global Climate Observing System MA Millennium Ecosystem Assessment

26 Key Information Systems, Databases INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) WMO World Data Centre for Aerosols Technical Secretariat of INSPIRE / European Geoportal European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS) European Forest Data Centre (EFDAC) European Flood Alert System (EFAS) Soil Databases (Europe, Africa & Northern Circumpolar Region) European Soil Data Centre (ESDAC) Global Land Cover 2000 Database MARS global crop monitoring databases and yield forecasting systems (GW, MCYFS) Databases on Good Agricultural & Environmental Conditions (GAEC), Farm Advisory Systems (FAS); WikiCAP site for spot checks according to Reg. 1122/09 CAP direct payments Community Image Data Portal (CID), holding 30 TB of satellite imagery Assessing Protected Areas in Africa Tool (APAAT) EU Water Initiative Communication & Information System (EUWI-CIS / AquaKnow project) Database on burnt areas in Africa

27 Floods Early Warning Forecast - Impact Assessment Data & Information Requirements INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, III 14 Meteorological geographical features III 13 Atmospheric conditions III 3 Soils II 2 Landcover III 4 Land-use III - 12 Natural Risk Zones I-8 Hydrography I- 2 Elevation III 7 Environmental Monitoring Facilities III 18 Habitats and biotopes III 19 Species distribution III-10 Population distribution demography III- 6 - Utility and governmental services Etc. Source: GMES BICEPS Report

28 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, Conclusions JRC is firmly committed to Europe 2020 and embedded in the EU s evidence-based policy making Integrated assessments and anticipation Standardisation INSPIRE will have important role to play in science-based policy options INSPIRE is a double-edged sword Standard-setting and innovation potential Contributes to better decision making

29 INSPIRE Conference 2011, Edinburgh, Thank you!

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